HomeMy WebLinkAbout1986-1335.Duputs.89-06-23IM TER RATTER OF AN ?.RR~TRRT~ON
Under
TBB CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLBCTIVB(BBRGAIWIEG ACT
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Before j
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TRE GRIZVANCB SETTLERBRT BOARD
Between: !
OPSEU (Duptifblj
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- and - [
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The Crown in Right of kn-itario
(Ministry of CorrectionaliServices)
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Eearinq: April 14, 1988
Grievor
Employer
Vice-Chairperson
Member
Member
Before:
P. KnoDf
I. Thomson
D. Wallace
For the Grievor: R. Ross Wells !
Martha MilzynsEi
Counsel I
Gowling & Rend&son
Barristers & Solicitors
For the Emolover: Susan A. Currie
J. Laberge
Staff Relations Officer
Management Board of Cabinet
I. I
INTERIM AWARD II ___--__ -----
This case concerns the question of the Employer’s
obligation to make pension contributions for an employee wno
ha.% been &sent for over six months while in receipt of
Workers' Comgensation benefits.
There is no dispute over the relevant facts. They
ar3 set out in detail in ,the interim award issued 5~ this
Board concerning this grievance on October 3, 1988. .The
further essential facts for gurgoses of this aspect of tne
.award are that at all relevant times the grievor was
collecting Workers' Compensation benefits and had been deemed
by the Workers' Compensation Boar.d to be "temporarily totally
disabled". He was receiving all the benefits available Iunder
Article f4.4 of the collective agreement which provides:
Where an employee receives an award under The
Workers' Compensation Act, and the Award applies
for longer than the period set out in section 54.2
(i.e. three (31 months), and the employee has
exhausted all attendance credits, the Employer will
continue subsidies for Basic Life, L.T.I.P.,
O.H.I.P., Supplementary Health and Hospital and Dental Plan for the period during which the
employee is receiving the award.
He also wants to benefit from the Employer making pension
contributions under Article 42.3 which provides:
The Employer will continue to make pension contributions and premium payments for O.!i.I.P;,
the Dental Plan and for'Supplementary Health and
Hospital on behalf of the employee, at no Cost to the employee while the employee receives or is
qualified to receive L.T.I.P. benefits under the
plan, unless the employee is supplementing a W.C.B.
award.
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The grievor never
protection benefits (L.T.
explained, there appeared
applied"for long term income
1.P.) because, a5 Union counsel
to be no financial reason for doing
so. Under the Workers' Compensation scheme, the grievor was
receiving 90% of his net salary. L.T.I.P..would have paid
him only 66-2/3% of his gross salary. Further,
Article 42.2.2 "sets off" L.T.I.P. from WCB.receipts, so even
if he had been approved by the L.T.I.P. carrier,
Confederation Life, he would.not have received any actual
money from L.T.I.P.
But the Employer has consistently taken the position
.that the grievor should and, indeed, had to apply for
L.T.I.P. in order to determine if he was eligible or
qualified to receive L.T.I.P. benefits before the Employer
would make any contributions under Article 54.4. In January
1985, the grievor was notified by the Ministry that the
Ministry was applying for L.T.I.P. on his behalf and he was
asked to complete the application forms and submit an ,,
attending physician's statement to the insurer. When he
failed Co do this, he was notified in June 1985 as follows:
. . . It would be disadvantageous to yourself if you
do not go on L.T.I.P. The reason being, that while on L.T.I.P., your benefits including pension
contributions are maintained.
L.T.I.P. has a three-part.application process, requiring
submissions from the employee, the employer, and the
attending physician. It also has a definition of totally
disabled which reads .as follows:
"Totally disabled" shall mean, for the first 30 months of total disability, an employee is wholly and continuously disabled by illness or accidental bodily injury which prevents him from performing
any and every duty of his normal occupation.
However, during the Qualifying Period, the employee shall be deemed not to be totally disabled and
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total disability shall be deemed not to exist if the employee is engaged in any employment for wage
or profits. After the first 30 months of total
disability, "totally disabled" shall mean he is
unable to perform any and every duty of any
occupation for which he is reasonably fitted by
education, training or experience.
This definition differs somewhat from the definition under
the collective agreement which provides that:
42.2.4 Total disability means the continuous
inability as the result of illness, mental disorder, or injury of the insured.employee
to perform any and every duty of his normal
occupation during the qualification period,
and during the first twenty-four (24)
months of benefit period; and thereafter
during the balance of the benefit period,
the inability of the employee to perform any and every duty of any gainful
occupation for which he is reasonably
fitted by education, training or
experience.
The L.T.I.P. Plan is written by Confederation Life. It also
contains several provisions thrdughout the Plan that set
forth the insurer's power to monitor the claimant's condition
and determine contractual eligibility. For example, one
provision reads:
Confederation Life shall have the right (at its own
expense) to require a claimant to undergo a
physical examination or a mental examina.tion when and so often as may be reasonable.
The result of the monitoring by Confederation Life has been
that there have been cases on record where L.T. I.P. has
rejected claims by employees who had been considered as
"temporarily totally disabled" by Workers' Compensation but
not considered totally disable3 by the insurer. Also,
employees have been considered qualified for C.P.P., but have
Seen rejected by L.T.I.P.
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For purposes of these proceedings, the parties agreed
to defer the medical question of whether the grievor was
“temporarily totally disabled” pending the advice given by
this Board as to the Employer’s obligation under the relevant
articles. The Board agreed to ass.ist the parties to
understand their obligations under Article 42.3 and we agreed
to remain seized on the question of the grievor’s medical
condition should the need arise in the future.
The Argument
Counsel for the Union began his argument by
explaining the scheme of benefits available to employees who
are off work on Workers’ Compensa,tion claims. He explained
that claimants who are considered totally disabled receive
the additional benefit under Article 42.3 of having their
pension contributions payable. We were told to look at
Article 42.2.3 to determine if an employee is qualified to ”
receive L.T.I.P. and then to look to Article 42.2.4 to
achieve the definition of disability.. We are told that if
the grievor fits the definition of total disability under the
collective agreement, he should be considered to be entitled
to L.T.I.P. benefits and to therefore qualify for the pension
contributions, It was said that the Employer is financially
responsible for the payment, therefore the Employer ought to
accept the obligation to decide who oug,ht to be eligible for
the payment. It was argued that since the language of
Article 42.3 speaks of “qualiEied”, it does not demand that
an employee obtain approval or be ‘considered eligible by the
carrier of the L.T.I.P. scheme. It was also said that this
Board has jurisdiction to.determine whether the Employer has
properly denied the benefit under Article 42.3 and to order
that the Employer pay such a benefit. It was conceded that
the Employer must determine whether the employee is qualified
under the L.T. I. P. plan and to do so would look to the
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definition in the collective agreement as well as the Plan
itself. But the factual question of whether the employee is
qualified should be something that the Employer determines
and which can be made reviewable.by this Board. It was said
that this is no different than the way the Employer operates
under the short term disability protection scheme under the
collective agreement.
The Employer argued that it would be improper to draw
an analogy between the Employer's obligations under the short
term sickenss plan and the long term sickness plan. Under
the short term sickness provisions in the collective
agreement, Articles 52.9 and 52.10 specifically give the
Employer authorization to seek further medical information
from the employee in order to monitor the Employer's
obligation to pay such benefits. There are no similar
provisions under the long term protection provisions and it
was’argued that their absenc'e implies that the Employer does
not carry the same obligations that it does under the short
term sickness plan. It was said that Article 42.3. creates
the obligation on L.T.I.P. to determine who is qualified for
the plan and that the Employer is not in a position to
determine such qualifications. It was said that the people
in the Ministry ace not medical experts and should not be
obligated to determine a'question of medical disability. It
was also said that if the Union's argument were to prevail,
the grievor would be treated differently and
disadvantageously because he would lose the ability under the
collective agreement to appeal a denial of deemed
qualification for L.T.I.P. to the Joint Insurance Benefits
Review Committee under Appendix 5 of the collective
agreement. Counsel for the Employer also referred us to the
Public Service Superannuation Act, RSO 1980 c. 419, ---.
section 21.2 which provides:
Where a contributor has qualifed for a benefit
under an approved long term income protection plan
in respect of a disability incurred on or after the
1st day of July, 1974, a contribution shall be made
to the Fund on behalf of the contributor..:
It was argued that we ought to read the collective agreement
as consistent with the Act and that the Employer would not
have the power to agree to a payment unless the employee "has
qualified" for the benefit.
In reply, the Union argued that the Employer's
reference to the Joint Insurance Benefits Review Committee
was not relevant or appropriate because the benefit being
claimed here was not an insurance benefit which would be
subject to review by that Committee. Instead, it was an
Employer's obligation to pay under the collective agreement
and not an insurer's iiabili.ty.
The Decision
The key to this case is the meaning of the phrase
"qualified to receive L.T.I.P. benefits under the plan" in
Article 42.3. It is clear that an employee who actually
receives L.T.I.P. is entitled to have the Employer make his
pension plan contributions under Article 42.3. But the
collective agreement also obligates the Employer to make the
payments for an employee who is "qualified to receive" the
benefits under the Plan. The Employer would have us conclude
that only the L.T.I.P. carrier can determine the
qualification, whereas the Union says that the obligation
rests on the Employer even when an employee makes no
application for L.T.I.'P.
Every reference available to us leads us to the
conclusion that the language of the collective agreement does
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not require that the L.T.I.P. carrier is the exclusive judge
of who should receive benefits under Article 42.3. The
collective agreement speaks of a situation where an employee
“receives” or “is qualified to receive L.T. I.P.” In
contrast, the L.T.I.P. Plan itself uses the language of
“eligibility” rather than qualification. Throughout the
Plan, it speaks of when an employee becomes’eligible~ for
insurance and of “eligible” employees. While the terms
“qualifications” and “eligibility” can be considered
synonymous in many situat’ions, the use of different terms
throughout cannot be ignored. If the collective agreement
was intended -to require that the insurance carrier determine
the question of total disability for employees who either
receive L.T. I.P. or who would Se considered acceptable to
that insurer, then one would expe~ct the collective agreeement
to mirror the language of the Plan by reading “an employee
who receives or who is eligible to receive L.T. I.P. benefits
under the plan.” ,However, - no such language exists here. :’
Similarly, significant reference can be made to the
Public Service Superannuation Act. The Act deals with long -
term income protection for non-unionized public servants.
Section 21.2 of that Act gives us the phrase, “where a
contributor has qualified for a benefit [emphasis added].
The’ words “has qualified” denote a pr.ocess of having made
application and gained acceptance under a relevant plan.
This is easily contrasted with the phrase “is qualifed”. The
present tense does not necessarily denote that acceptance has
been formalized. Instead, it denotes the potential of
acceptance. Again, had the collective agreement simply read,
“While an employee receives or haszlifed to receive --
L.T.I.P. benefits under the Plan,” it would be easy to
conclude that no obligation would arise until formal approval
or deemed qualification was obta.ined. Given the legislative
context pointed out to us, the absence of the phrase “has -
qualified” as compared to the phrase “& qualified” cannot he
ignored.
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All Article 42.3 seems,to require is that the
employee be qualified to receive L.T.I.P. benefits. It does
not specify that he must apply and, be approved by the
carrier. It does not speciEy that the application even be
acceptable to the carrier. The employee need only be in
actual receipt of L.T.I.P. or be "qualifed" to receive the
benefits under the Plan.
Who then is to determine whether an employee is
qualified to receive the benefits under the Plan if no
application is made? The insurer has no obligation to make
the payments under Article 42.3 , -therefore has no interest in
monitoring the eligibility. The obligation to make -the
payments is solely upon the Employer. Thus, since the
collective agreement does no-t 'specify otherwise/the Employer
has the right to determine if the employee is "qualified to"
receive L.T.I.P. benefits under the Plan. Clearly, in
determining that question of qualification, the Employer will
have reference to Article 42.2.4 and to the definition of
total disability under Confederation Life's L.T.I.P. scheme.
Indeed, the Union acknowledged.that the Employer could have
reference to the restricted definition of total disability
under the Plan. Further, this right to determine
qualification also carries with it the right to monitor the
question of continued qualification for benefits. The
Employer's role in this'rsgard would be mirrored Sy the role
the Employer plays in monitoring and'enfdrcing its rights and
obligations under the short term sickness plan in Article 52.
This :was acknowledged by the Union.
In short, the Employer must make pension
contributions for employees receiving L.T.I.P. If an
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loyee chooses not to apply for L.T.I.P., but is otherwise
qualified to receive the benefits available under the
L.T.I.P. Plan because of total disability within the meaning
of that Plan, the Employer must still make those
contributions. Nothing requires the employee to apply for
L.T.I.P. or to have been approved for coverage "in principle"
by the insurer. Thus, the Employer has the right and the
obligation to determine that qualification. When the
Employer makes the enquiries to determine if an employee
meets the requirement of the collective agreement and the
. . Plan, then the Employer is obligated to pay the contributions
wnen the qualifications are deemed to be met.
We do not agree that this conclusion takes'away any
rights of access to the Joint Insurance Benefits Review
Committee as the Ministry suggests. The simple reason for
this is that the benefit being claimed is not an insurance '
benefit that would be within the scope of the jurisdiction of
that Committee in any event.
Thus, we declare that the Employer breached the
collective agreement when it required the employee to apply
for L.T.I.P. before considering whether benefits were payable
under Article 42.3. If the grievor's medical condition was
such that he was qualified to receive L.T.I.P. benefits under
the Collective Agreement and the Plan, the Employer should
make contributions necessary to cover the periods for which
the grievor would have been qualified. We trust that the
parties will be able to satisfy each other as to the
grievor's medical condition and his situation at all relevant
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times. ' However , w6 retain jurisdiction to deal w
matter further should our-assistance be required. i
ith this
DATED.at Toronto, Ontario this Z3rd day of June,
1989.
- _--- - Vice-Chairperson
I. Thomson - Member
-y--H- D. Wallace - Member