HomeMy WebLinkAbout1986-1528.Francis.86-07-11IN TBE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
UNDER
TEE CROilN EHPMYBES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
BEFORE
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETUBEN:.;,
AhlAL&WTED TRANSIT UNION, LOCAL 1587
(Ronald Francis)
-and-
'THE CRONN INRIGBT OF ONTARIO
fToronto Area Transit Operating Authority)
Grievor
Employer
BEFORE: G. J. Brandt Vice-Chairman
I. J. Tho&on Nemher
L. R. Turr'le. Hy+$S
FOR TliF. GRIEVOR: c. B. iiestJnsn
Counsel
westman, Voll &.Elstner
FOR lX!,FXPLOYER: E. T. McDermott
Counsel
Osler,~Eoskin & lIarcourt
REARING: March 30, 1987.
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DECISION ,.
The grievor, Ronald Francis. was employed as a bus driver for GO
Transit. He wasp aischarged froth his employment effective January 7. 1986.
The letter of dtscharge, dated~January 9. 1986, recites that “between
September I985 and December 1985 on numerous occasions you sold irom
various bus tic&et registers tickerr valued in. excess of f I.500 2s of this date,
and witheld the revenue t’pr )YxJr own personal use. You also failed to follow
cash in procedures as outlined in your Driver’s Manual.”
Following hl!: discharge the grievor began~to.make Various attempts at
kxring reinstatement in employment which have led him on a merry goose
chase in and around the vari&s nrganizations and institutions WhiCh .’
regulate labour relations in the Ontarin public sector. Unfortunately for him
hu journey is not yet over.’
He filed a grievance,against~his.discharge on January 13, ‘1986. By .,
letter dated Januai-y 14. I986 he yas informed by Mr. A. F. Leach, Managing
Director of GO Transit. that h!s grie’vance was denied and that, in view of the
“nver!+elming evidence and certain admissions that he had made as to
misappropriatxm oi company f’unds. “we see no purpose being served in
holding a second stage grievance hearing”. The grievor was told that he
could proceed to arbitratinn if’ he wished.
On January 22, I986 a meeting was heid between management and
the union at which time the
By letter dated February J
14, 19Sfi Mr. R. J Desjardins. Director, Personnel, .4udit anh Security of GO
Transit coniirmed IO Mr. M. Carter. the President and Business Agent of Local
I587 of the Union. the understanding that the Union .would not be filing a
grievance with the Grievance Settlement Board and that the matter was
closed. That letter also stated that Mr. Leach would be sending his letter
discharging the grievor to the Lletro Police requesting them to consider the
mltter.
In due course criminal charges were laid against the grievor.
Sometime in late February. 1956 the L:nion asked management to consider
making representations~to the police to have the charges against the grievor
withdrawn. That was agreed to and the criminal proceedings came On for
trial on June 2. 1986. Mr. S. Horvath. .Security Manager for GO Transit. .-
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informed the court that after discussiorxwith the Crown Attorney GO Transit ._
did not wish to proceed with the matter. The charges were withdrawn.
Mr.~Colin.Westman. the grievor’s solicitor on the criminal matter, then
contacted GO Transit asking it to re-instate the grievor. They de,clined. On
August i2.’ 1986 %Ir. Westman. on behaff of the grievor. filed a complaint
against the Cnion under section jfl of the Crown Employees Collective
Bargaining .4ct alleging that the L’nion had acted ,in a manner that was 1
jrbitrary. discriminatory and in bad faith in that the Union did agree to a
dismiscai for cause with Go-Transit contrary to’the instructions and/or
interests’of Ronald Francis.” On September 9. 1986 notice of that compiaint
xx served’on both the Cnion and on GO Transit and the parties were
informed that a hearing into the complaint would be held on January 19,
1987 before the Public Service Labour Relations Tribunal.
It the hearing no determination was made by the Tribunal on the ~.
merits of the complaint. Rather the matter was adjourned sine die in order
to permit the grievor to attempt to bring this ~proceedingbefore the
Grievance Settlement Board. .<lthough !.Ir. Besjardins was present at the
hearing and participated in these discussions, GO Transit was not
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represented by.counseL On January 19. 1987 Mr. Westman made. .;-
application to have a hearing before the Grievance Settlement Board under
section 19 of the Crown Em olovees Collective Bargaining Act. On February 9.
1987 the Registrar of the Grieirince Settlement Board notiried GO Transit
that the Board would hear the matter on %arch .$I. 1987. On March 3.
. 1987 the solicitor for GO Transit advised the Registrar and Mr. Westman that
GO Transit intended to take the position that the Board lacked jurisdiction to
hear the matter.
At the hearing before the Board the grievor ~8s repr~esent6d by Mr
Wesrman. No one appeared on behalf of the Union and the Board was
informed by Mr. Westman that, to the best of his knowledge, the Union had
‘u’ashed its hands” of the matter.,~ ‘-
Counsel for GO Transit made a number of submissions with,respect to
the jurisdiction of the Board to hear the matter. A number of these reiated
to the issue as to whether or not the grievor was. ate the ~time’af his
discharge. a probationary employee in which case,, by reason of various
provisions in the &fIective agreem’ent. he would be disentitied to grieve his
discharge. In view of our conclusions on certain other issues in the case it is
unnecessary to de31 with that matters
The jurisdictional question relates to the interrelationship~between the
provisions of the collective agreement and Sections J 8 and 19 of the Crown
Employees Collective Bargaining .Act. The effect of ihese sections of the Act -
on the resolution of disputes under the collective agreement has been been ~: ~.’
the subject of discussion and comment by the Board on a number of
occasions. .,
Section l&c2 1. provides that “in
guUaKU&under a collective agree-an employee claiming...that he has
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s .._
been . ..dismissed...without just cause may process such matter in accordances -,
with the grievance procedure ,ptovided in the collective agreement. and
failing final determination under Such procedure, the matter may be
-99 It is now well established that this SeCtiOn
gives to employees a statutory right to grieve in respect of- the’items listed in ..
Section 18!21 one of which is the matter of discharge. The issue which arises
here, and which has arisen in other cases before the Board, is the extent to ’
which that statutory right can be compromised by the provisions of a
collective agreement and by the administration of those provisions by the
union.
The provisions of the cohective agreement between these parties
establish clearly that the time limits for filing a grievance are mandatory.
Article 4.3!2) deals with Step Two of the grievance’ prkedure wherein a
grievance which is not resolved at Step One may.be submitted.io the
Managing Director. Here the grievor appears to have bypassed Step One and
submitted his grievance directly to the SIanaging Director. Mr. Leach. the
Vanaging Director. indicated that no purpose~~would be-served by holding a
Step Two hexing and denied the grievance.
Article 4.3(41 provides that if the grievor is not satisfied with the
decision of the Managing Director, “the.grievor may applyto the Grievance
Settlement.Board” for arbitration of the grievance within 20 calendar days...”
That article concludes as follows: If no ritten reauest for arbttI&xt& .-~’ .- w . . . ~..
submitted Within~e~Deriods. the grievance s,W be deemed to have
been abandoned”.
Article 4.6 provides that where a grievance is not processed within
the time allowed or has not been processed by the Employer or the Union
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.within the time prescribed, itsball
barred.” Article 4.8 provides that no matter may be submitted for
arbitration to the Grievance Settlement Board until the Grievance Procedure
by this agreement has been exhausted and Article 4.9 provides that the
Grievance Settlement Board shall not have jursidicridn to alter or amend the
provisions of rhe agreement.
’ Thus. on the strength of this language, there can be little doubt that
the parties to the collective agreement have made it abundantly Clear that
compliance with the time limits under the agreement is mandatory and that
failure to so comply will result in the grievance being treated as abandoned
and inarbitrable.
The question before us concerns the impact of Section 18(t) on these
provisions. Counsel for GC Transit acknowledged that S: 18(Z) gave a grievor
an independent statutory right to process a grievance independently of the’
. . I’nion. However. it was subktted~thal this right to p&cesS a grievancewas.
by the language of the section, q&fied to the’extent that it had to be ,~.~.
processed “in accordance with the grievance procedure provided”. Thus,
since the provisions ,oT the agreement are mandatory and since the grievor
here did not refer the matter to the Grievance Settlement soard until
;Ipprosimately one year from the date ihat his original grievance was denied, ”
he had not processed the grievance “in accordance with the gr+mze
procedure” as required by the Act. -
Secondly. reference was made to that portion of Section ,18(Z) of the ‘.::. .-
Actwhich provides that “failing final determination under such procedure”.
the matter may be processed in accordance with the, procedure for final-
determination applicable under section 19.” It was submitted that the
provisions of the agreement providing that grievances which have not been
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processed.in accordance with the grievance procedure shaII be deemed to be
withdrawn or abandoned $ofi#utes the ‘Tinal deteqination” contemplated
tq Section 18(21: Thus, the &ndition which has to be met in drder to carry
the matter on to the Grievance Sett!ement Board, viz. a Tailure to determine.:+;..: ..G .~ _“.
the matter linally under the grievance procedure. has not. id COUnSei’S
submission. been met. ..A
Counsel acknowledged-that the position which he was taking was
contrary to that which had, heen adopted by the Board in &&z an early
decision’of a panel chaired by Dean Pritchard [GSB 45/78). fiOWeVer. it Was
argued that the Board should recxsider the positian which it took in &Z&lg
and reach a different conclusion than was reached there.
SpeciIictily it was suggested that ihe reasoning in,K&ing was based
on the view that since, by reason of Section 7, of the Act. an em@Oyee
organization is not entitled to bargain on matters rela!ed to, inter al&
discipline or dismissal. Seciion’ 1N2) protects the independent rights of
employees to go to arhilratjon over such matters. However, it U?~S argued
that since &,&E& ~-as decided the Public Service Labour Relations Tribunal.
a-hen dealing with issues as ~to whether or not a subject is a proper one for
collective bargaining under Section 40!21 or the ,\ct. has developed a policy
u’herein, provided no one make: application under that section for a
decision, the parties qe rree to bargain over whatever rhey wish. (&&BQ
77184). It was noted that in this case the parties had specifically bargained
a just clause into their collective agreement. Thus. it was suggested that One-.
of the Underlying concerns which may have motivated the Board in Keelins!
was no longer present and that the Board should. on that account, reconsider
its position.
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We fate not persuaded that K&lkshould be reconsidered oti the
basis of this argument. We have reviewed the &eci.sioq in that case and are
unable to see how it can be said to be grounded in a concern oirei the
inability of the employee organiration to bargain cOlleCtiVely Over matters
such as discharge and discipline.
.~>loreover. this is not the f’irst time that the Board has been asked to .’
reconsider its decision in w. A review of the cases in which k?kg has
been discussed is set-out in &g&&Ji xx/S2 ;‘a decision of a panel chaired ., ~.
by the current chair man. Counsel~for the Employer in that case mad,e
virtually the same argument as US made in this~,case (except for the
submissions concerning the poliv of th;‘Tribunal addressed above). The
Board had the fof!oaTing to say in connection with the K&rig case.
This i!i not the fii occasion that the rislom of gppIinr he0 come under eueck
bofom+ii%Boud. In w (28 L&C (Zd) zg9) 8 penal of,lhis Baud vu lnv@ed Lo
refuss to follov Q&g. It rppks from the ropoit of the Baud’s d&ion in th8t cus
thu counsel ooughc to ma& ossonli&y the wo uguk+f u vu prosMUd to US in the
insant caso. that is. to urge the Board to mcognize I di+inction ktvwn 8 provision
vhich ban a griovaco outright ad one vhich purports to mguluc hov I &VMCS
should be channelled through ogrcod upon pmcedum. mover. the krd , Lvo of
ohon mombon &a sat on Cho ponol vhich docidod w sUt8d thU thooo w
argumonu had boa considomd by the Baud vhon it vu docidod.. In the rosulI tho
Bad. vhilo mcognizing the “strong end meritorious ugumonts Thor un bo audo on.,
both sides of the issue’ roitomtod iki viov thrt the ‘bettor via’ is thU dopLod in
md uphold it.
In &Q&c (l/80) the Board. in vhu must bo rogudod ss obitor. vent
somoyhu furthor in suggesting titi Kooling bo mconsidomd. It mgudod Clomonu os
‘or~moing oome ho&&ion vith mpoct to the decisien in Kooiing’ rad suggosUd thU
‘....it~yvellk, puticululy in the IighroCcrruln docislensof thr cout?svhich
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hvo boon iad sine0 holing vu decided, thet thr Baud’s interpfU&aa of -a
IS of the Crovn Employeti Coilective Bargaining Act should be reconsidered. The
provision in a collective agreement of procedural provisions, such es t@ne limits.
governing the oxerclse of a right should not be rood. ve &in& u conuuy to the
-tory estahiishment of thet right.’ The concluding batence appears to adopt and
accept the vdidity of the distinction advanced by counal in this cu ktveen rbrolute
t&s, vhich do conflict vith the !%atutory intent, md negotiated lagulUion of tho
pmcesing of a grievance.
Apart from these tvo cases it oppeus that the Board hu consiktly follokd
&&.g. Indeed the Bond in w stated that it hu ‘been generally accepted u
established in the Board’s jurisprudence. Tho most recent case Co vhich vo vep
referred ves Re (7741831, the averd in vhich vu issued on April 24. I%>. thrt
vu a clawificuion gritiance to vhich the Employer r&ed 8 prem obipction
rolatod to timeliness. In d$dssing t&e objection es to t&elinti the Loud st8ted t!W
the ‘definitive’ case in pointvaa mvhich tho Board noted vu effikmed iy tho
DivisionalCourt (from vhich decision leaye to appeal to the Cat% ofAppe8f v8s denied)
md vhich has been folloved by thy Bawd in ‘a number of later sees, among them
C)emcnu”.
Aput entirely from the merits of the argument concerning the propw
interpretation to be placed on section 18(Z) of the Act there is the quartion as to the
propriety of .®arding vhat appears to be rvell established md consistent
jurisprudence. In w (Z/77) the Board stated that oao pan01 of tho Boar(should
folIov the decisions of o+er pmek of the Board in tho rbance of being porsueded t&t
the previou~decision vu manifestly erroneous. Genof8Uy the soIut.ion to Boud “_ ‘-
decisions vhich creete difficulti for t&e parties ti to look to tho bargaining tab10
rather than to uk the Ebd itself to reconsider end reverse ite ovn decisions.
Nohithstanding this it hu been indicated in w that rhore tho Lruo coacoras
tho interpretation of s statute rubor then tho interpretuion of the collective
agreement it mey veil be appropriate for the Beud to edopt a more relaxed W&d for
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d-i v&o&u or not it rho&d ticonsidor iu ova d~clsions~ ~Jn SUCA cuw
~nogothtion batvwn the parties is less effective as a ta@ @Mt Ql consid02Vd
decisions of tho Bwrd. Vhu is leh k judicial revik, IegisiUivo amendment or s
reconsideration by UIO Board. In Qsmuua the Bad conshbmd judicirlmim md
lkgislothe amondmont to be generafly unlikely end unsukehb u e remedial
rltefn&e. Coneequontly. the only recourse left is tho Bawd itself. Eovever, hrviag
srid that the Board in Clements ves very sens@tivc to the dutgeninvohd in
reconaiderstion by the Board of its ovn previous decisions. As tho hard there
su&d....7het is not to sly the Board vould vish to encouhge repeated refitigeting of
ourdecisions involving statutory interpretation. Nor vouldve vish to seo our
viilingness to reconsider such matters construed as it inviution to +courage <
mpeeted revers+is of our previousdecisions. R&r, vo are simply suigesting’thUin LLL
those cases in vhich tho qthor remedial forums are m&holy le+r ryailablo, th6 Borrd~
may vish to relax urn&hat its standud of wiev in reconsidering previous
do@sions.’
A numbor of factors persuade us that ve ought not to enter upon a cohsiderUion
of the corroctnes of Ro Keeling/ First, esOindica&d in Clomenu. thoc ue eng md
iaeritorious arguments on both sides of the issue kh the Board hes con&ently’In8& s
choice LT to vhich vguments to accept. Vere ve to reopen the meuer nov md accopt
tho othor argumenta it ti dilkult to see vhu vould prevent 8 furl&or recowideration
of our rverd in by another panel.~
Secondly. Keeling is voll established in the Baud’s jurisprud& and
pnsumebly hu been relied upon by the parties in their dealings !itJ one another.
.The caeea relied upon u celling into question the visdom of Keeling are not strong
CUES. Clements oxpress& rerftirms it. Vhilo McGregor suggests that the 5oud in
Qemonts oxpmseed some hesitation vith respect to Keeling vo do not, vith mepect,
read Clements u going that far. Apert from these caeee the Boerd’s prutico vile
mulct tr’Kwlin& hu bwn uniform.
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We endorse the views set out in Maphsoudi and acCardinly decline to
accept the submissions mabe respecting the right of the grievor to process
the grievance to the Board.
However, the matter dws not end at that. This case is different from
m in that here there has ~bekn a settlement of the grievance between
rhe Union and the Empoyer. In’&,&& aridTin the other cases reviewed in
.CIanhsbudj the Lkion was pressing the grievance on behalf of the grievor’ :
before the Board. -.
msa*A%z&mWeve ,- ..-
dure,. . l:
The resolution of this question requires an,analysis of the language of
‘Section 18(2) wherein it is provided that the “matte? may be processed in
accordance with the orocedure for final det em
secljon
The sub mission of counsel for GO Transit is as follows. M
then- .,
in
weis submitted, firstly. that there has been a settlement of Fe
matter by the parties and that consequesitfy, the,condition-khich must be : .~
satisfied before a matter cti be referred to the Board, that is,.that the. I~:’ ~-
“parties” have beep Q&& lo effect a settlement. is not satisfied.
Secondly. it is submiited that, having regard to certain provisions of
the collective agreement respecting the job security rights af probationary
employees, there cannot, in law. be a “difference” which can be referred to
arbitration. Briefly, it is argued that.since the collective agreement states in
Article 4.4( 1 I that probationary employees may be released “at the’ sole
discretion“ of the Employer and thal’kch release or dismissal “shall be
deemed to be for iusC CauSe”. the agreement does not confer on probationer)
emplo)‘ees any substantive right the denial of which can be the subject of a
“difference” or .“dispute” within the meaning of Section 19. In view of our
conclusions on the first ol‘ COUnSel’s stibmissions it IS unnecessary to address
this argument.
Xor IS this con@uSion inconsistent with the statutory policy reflected
in Section I S(Z) by which emplo:‘ces are given a StatUtOry right to grieve
independently OF the l!n&. -\I first glance it may app.ear that this statutory
right is sigkkanrly com@rcjn!ised’if”it can be.barred kf a prior settlement of
rhr grievxxe by the I’nicn. Hoa~e~~r. ir is important no! to lose sight of the
fx1 that the ?.c! x 3 %‘hole is an ;?ct ileigned to regulate &ollective -
bargaining in the pubhc sector. Primarily the empioymtint interests df
public SeCtiJf employees are intttnded to be protected through collective
This view is’well established in the private
.ceclor a-here L&our %el~tions Boards have frequently stated that a union
enjoj-s a discretion trl determine a-hether or not, in ~Jhe interests of the
Collectivity. an inUi:‘idual grievance should be settled or withdrawn. .A
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useful account of the relationship between contract negotiation and contract
administration may be found in gavoaiet Ltd. v IWA. ‘119751 2 Can. LRES! 196(~.c.
In our opinion similar considerations prevail under the Crown
Employees Collecttve Bargaining Act Section j0 of theAct puts‘upon the -
employee organtzation ii duty not to “act in a manner that is arbitrary.
.disaiminatory or in bad faith in the representation of any of the employees
n-hether members of the emplc)‘ee organization or not.” That language
directly p?rallekthat found in Section 68 of the Labour Keiations Act. It is
through Section jb ol’ the &&!hat the interests ol individual employees are
prolected in situations like the one before us where the Union has settled a
grievance and thereby prel-ented the Grievance Settlement Board from
taking jurisdictian under Section 19 of the Act: -
Sect& IS!21 and Section j0 can thus be read as establishing a code of
inJi\Mual emplog’ee rights u-ithin a collective bargain!ng regime. SN
S
ure
The
\concIudlng clause of Section ISI?! provides that u-here a grievance is not
resolved in the grievance procedure it may be processed to the Grievance
Settlement Board indance with lhe Drocedure form
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Section j0 has the effect of protecting individual employee interests
a-here the “settlement”. which has the effect of depriving the Grievance
Settlement Board,of jurisdiction, has been improperly secured. In that’event
the “settlement” would not, in our opinion. be a settlement of the kind which
deprived us of jurisdiction.
If sections IS!Z! and 19 were reaa as giving an employee a right to
process a grievance to the Cries lnce Settlement Board independently of the
Cnion and in the face of~a prior settlement of that grievance wherein it was
withdrawn, Section 30 of the .Vct .a’ould be deprived. of application in the
very kind of circumstance when il is intended to apply. viz. COntraCt
administration. An employee would have no need to seek relief ‘under
Section 30 if he could, in ail cases. take his grievance directly to the
Grievance Settlement Board.
Nor do-we have any jurisdiction to determine whether or not Section
30 has been breached by the Union in this case. That is a matter for the
Public Service Labour Relations Tribunal. Section 32 :4) (cl gives the
., Tribunal the,authouriQ to inquire into a complai~nt th;li an employee
organization has acted contrary to section j0 and, where it is satisfied that
there has been a violation. it “shah determine what, if anything. the
employee organization. employer, person~or employee shall do or refrain .,
from doing...” It would appear to us Ihat. in view of this language. it would
be possible for the Tribunal. should it find a violation of Article 30. to direct
as part of its relief that the “settlement” be vacated.in which case the way
would be cleared for the grievor to return to this Board for a hearing of his
grievance on the merits.
Consequently, it is our conclusion that so long as the Current
“settlement” is in effect. we do nrlt have jurisdiction to hear the grievance. It
is therelore. our order that the matter be adjourned sine die. In the event
that the grievor were to successfully pursue his claim before the Tribunal
and obtain reli&i‘af a kind which would permit us to take jurisdiction the :
matter may be rescheduled for hearing on its merits.
DaIed at LOSDOY this 11th day of June j . IVF;:
. ...;
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G j Brandt. Vice’Chair
I. J. Thomson Mtkmber
L. R. Turtle Member
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