HomeMy WebLinkAboutLagace et al 24-09-23IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
B E T W E E N:
LAKERIDGE HEALTH
(“the Hospital”)
- and -
ONTARIO PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYEES UNION
(“the Union”)
AWARD
Before: Mark Wright, Arbitrator
Re: COVID-19 Immunization Policy and Program Individual Grievances
Appearances
For the Employer:
Erin R. Kuzz, Counsel
For the Union:
Indika Chandrasekara, Regional Grievance Officer
Hearing Dates: March 22, 2024, and September 19, 2024
Introduction
1. The following award resolves several outstanding individual grievances all relating to the
COVID-19 Immunization Policy and Program that the Hospital implemented in September of 2021
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(“the COVID Vaccination Policy”). The parties proceeded by way of mediation/arbitration and
asked me to provide a bottom-line decision.
2. By way of background to this award, the parties conducted an earlier day of mediation
with me on March 22, 2024, at which time Minutes of Settlement were negotiated that
successfully resolved many of the outstanding COVID-19 grievances between the parties (“the
MOS”). The MOS contemplated that any individual grievors who did not sign a release pursuant
to the MOS would have their grievances decided by me in an expedited arbitration process to be
determined by the parties.
3. There are 5 individual grievors whose grievances have been referred to me in this process:
Natalie Lagace (“Lagace”), Nancy Dowson (“Dowson”), Lisa DeBeer (“DeBeer”), Akosua Dwumaah
(“Dwumaah”), and Rachel Wakaluk (“Wakaluk”). Collectively, there are 9 grievances before me
(“the grievances”).
4. The Union contacted, or at least attempted to contact, all the grievors in advance of the
hearing, but none of them attended. Lagace, DeBeer, and Dwumaah never responded to the
inquiries made by the Union. Dowson had previously advised the Union that she wanted to
proceed to hearing but failed to respond to more recent communication. The Union spoke to
Wakaluk as recently as Friday, September 13, 2024, urging her to attend the hearing. Wakaluk
said that she would get in touch over the weekend to advise whether she intended to participate
in the hearing. The Union heard nothing from her over the weekend. It emailed Wakaluk again
on Wednesday, September 18, 2024, the day before the hearing, but had heard nothing back
from her by the time the hearing commenced.
5. Notwithstanding the non-attendance of the grievors, the parties proceeded with the
mediation/arbitration. I was provided with a Book of Documents and Authorities upon which the
parties made submissions. Based on those materials and submissions, I have decided that the
grievances before me should be dismissed. Brief reasons are provided below.
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Lagace
6. Lagace filed a grievance challenging the reasonableness of the COVID Vaccination Policy
and that the COVID-19 Vaccination Policy constituted discrimination and harassment under the
Ontario Human Rights Code (the “Code”) (2021-0348-0077, “the Lagace grievance”). Neither
party provided particulars nor led evidence to suggest that Lagace had sought a Code-based
exemption. The COVID Vaccination Policy is the same policy that was found to be reasonable in
Arbitrator Herman’s leading decision in Lakeridge Health v CUPE, Local 6364, 2023 CanLII (ON LA)
(Herman) (“Lakeridge Health”). Moreover, this Union agreed that the COVID Vaccination Policy
was reasonable in a subsequent award by Arbitrator Herman, Lakeridge Health v OPSEU, Local
348, 2023 CanLII 61431 (ON LA) (Herman) (“Lakeridge Health and OPSEU”).
7. I find that these authorities are highly persuasive not only because they are well reasoned,
but also because one of them involves the parties to this mediation/arbitration. Based on these
authorities, I find that the COVID Vaccination Policy is reasonable. The Lagace grievance is
therefore dismissed.
Dowson
8. Dowson also filed a grievance challenging the reasonableness of the COVID Vaccination
Policy and that the COVID-19 Vaccination Policy constituted discrimination and harassment
under the Code (2021-0348-0081, “the Dowson grievance”). Similarly, neither party provided
particulars nor led evidence to suggest that Dowson had sought a Code-based exemption. For the
same reason that the Lagace grievance was dismissed, the Dowson grievance is dismissed.
DeBeer
9. DeBeer filed three grievances: the first alleging that the COVID Vaccination Policy was
unreasonable; the second alleging a failure to accommodate under the Code; and a third seeking
reinstatement to employment (2021-0348-0073, 2021-0348-0088, 2021-0348-0090, “the DeBeer
grievances”). DeBeer resigned from her employment on October 27, 2021. Prior to DeBeer’s
resignation she had submitted a vaccination exemption on October 18, 2021, which was denied
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by the Hospital. These grievances must be dismissed on their merits; like the Legace and Dowson
grievances, the challenge to the reasonableness of the COVID Vaccination Policy must fail, and
like the Dwumaah and Wakaluk grievances discussed below, the termination grievance lacks
merit. However, DeBeer resigned from the Hospital effective October 27, 2021. These
grievances are therefore moot and are primarily dismissed on that basis.
10. In addition, DeBeer made no effort to respond to the Union’s effort to contact her about
the hearing. While that may be consistent with the fact that she resigned her employment
effective October 27, 2021, I find under the circumstances that the grievor has abandoned her
grievances.
Dwumaah
11. Dwumaah filed a grievance alleging that she was discharged without just cause on
November 10, 2021, for being non-compliant with the COVID Vaccination Policy (2021-0348-
0118, “the Dwumaah grievance”).
12. The grievor received a letter of counsel and was put on unpaid leave on September 17,
2021, for being non-compliant with the Hospital’s obligation that she be either fully vaccinated
or participating in weekly rapid antigen testing. The grievor received a written record of a verbal
warning on October 4, 2021, for being non-compliant with the Hospital’s COVID-19 Vaccination
Policy. Furthermore, on October 15, 2021, she was given a written warning and remained on
unpaid leave because she remained non-compliant. On October 22, 2021, the period of unpaid
leave continued, but now solely on the basis that she was not fully vaccinated (rapid antigen
testing was no longer an available option at this point). She was expressly advised in the letter
dated October 22, 2021, that if she did not have one dose of an accepted vaccine by October 29,
2021, her employment would be terminated. She was then terminated on November 10, 2021,
for being non-compliant with the COVID Vaccination Policy.
13. In Lakeridge Health, Arbitrator Herman upheld the termination of employees who were
non-compliant with the COVID Vaccination Policy. Moreover, in Lakeridge Health and OPSEU,
Arbitrator Herman upheld the termination of an employee who was non-compliant with the
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Hospital’s obligation that employees either be fully vaccinated or participating in weekly rapid
antigen testing.
14. I find Lakeridge Health and Lakeridge Health and OPSEU are persuasive authorities under
the circumstance. Based on those authorities, the Dwumaah grievance is dismissed.
15. I also find, for the same reasons outlined in the DeBeer grievance, that the grievor has
effectively abandoned her grievance.
Wakaluk
16. Wakaluk filed three grievances: the first alleging that the COVID Vaccination Policy was
unreasonable; the second alleging that the grievor was improperly put on unpaid administrative
leave because she was not vaccinated; and the third alleging that she was unjustly terminated
from employment for being non-compliant with the COVID Vaccination Policy (2021-0348-0092,
2021-0348-0093, 2021-0348-0099, “the Wakaluk grievances”).
17. The grievor was placed on unpaid administrative leave effective October 22, 2021, where
she was expressly advised that if she did not provide proof of having received the first dose of an
accepted vaccine by October 29, 2021, her employment would be terminated on October 29,
2021. Her employment was then terminated by letter dated November 3, 2021.
18. Consistent with Lakeridge Health, and the decisions in the Lagace and Dowson grievances,
Wakaluk’s grievance challenging the reasonableness of the COVID Vaccination Policy grievance
is dismissed.
19. Consistent with Lakeridge Health and with Lakeridge Health and OPSEU, and with the
decision in the Dwumaah grievance, Wakaluk’s grievances challenging her unpaid administrative
leave and her termination are dismissed. Wakaluk had argued that she should not have been
subject to the COVID Vaccination Policy because she was working remotely at the time of her
termination. However, Arbitrator Herman expressly dealt with this argument in Lakeridge
Health, finding that it was reasonable for the COVID Vaccination Policy to apply to employees
who were working remotely as they might be required to come to the Hospital from time to time
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for “workshops, training, meetings, and other purposes” (see paragraph 170). I agree with
Arbitrator Herman on this point; it was reasonable for the Hospital to apply the COVID
Vaccination Policy to Wakaluk even though she was working remotely at the time of her
termination. This consideration does not change my conclusion that Wakaluk’s grievances
challenging her unpaid administrative leave, and her termination are properly dismissed.
20. Wakaluk was recently in correspondence with her Union, which urged her to attend
today’s hearing, which she declined to do. While Wakaluk’s attendance would not have changed
the outcome in her grievances, it speaks volumes about her commitment to these proceedings.
Dated at Toronto this 23rd day of September, 2024.
Mark Wright--Arbitrator