HomeMy WebLinkAbout1990-1031.Cant & Climenhage.91-06-26EMPLOV~SDELA CO”RONNE DE “OhmRIO
CPMMISSION DE
REGLEMENT
DES GRIEFS
1031/90, 1032/90
IN THE NATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
under
THE CROWN EMPMYEES COLLECTIVS BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLBMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
OPSEU (Cant/Climenhage)
- and -.
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Tourism and Recreation)
Grievor
Employer
BEFORE: W. Kaplan
P. XLym
D. Daugharty
Vice-Chairperson
Member
Member
FOR THE
GRIEVOR
D. Wright
Counsel
Ryder, Whitaker, Wright & Chapman
Barrister & Solicitors
FOR THE S. Gleave
EMPLOYER Counsel Hicks, Morley, Hamilton, Stewart & Storie
Barristers & Solicitors
HEARING: December 17, 19900
June 3, 1991
2
Introduction
By identical grievances dated June 4, 1990, Jody Cant and Robert
Climenhage, seasonal employees with the Ni.agara Parks Commission
(hereafter "the Commission"), grieve that they are improperly
classified. The remedy sought in both cases is identical: correct
classification. A hearing was convened in Toronto, at which time
counsel for the employer made certain preli,minary objections with
respect to the arbitrability of the matter in dispute. Suffice it
to say that these objections were subsequently withdrawn and the
merits of the case were a'ddressed. With the consent of counsel for
the employer, Mr. Climenhage gave evidence as a representative
grievor. Many, if not most, of the facts in this case are not in
dispute.
The Commission does not have written position specifications for
the positions occupied by the grievors. Nor does it have class
standards for these employees. The grievors are nevertheless
classified as Labourer 3's.
By an Appendix to a Memorandum of Settlement dated April 26, 1989,
the parties agreed on rates of pay for seasonal employees, This
rating system was in effect at the time of the instant grievances.
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The rating system provides, on page 2:
All Journeyman Tradesmen will be paid the 1st step of
their trade classification provided a copy of their
Journeyman's Certificate is filed with the Human
Resources Department. Uncertified Tradesmen will be
classified as Labourers and naid at the 1st sten of the
Manual Worker Rate (emphasis ours).
In brief, it was the union's position that the grievors were
"uncertified tradesmen" in that they were doing the same work as
a "certified tradesman," and so should be paid at the Manual Worker
Rate. An alternative argument was also advanced to the effect that
the grievors should be reclassified to Labourer 4. Given our
disposition with respectto the primary union claim, however, it
is not necessary to address this alternative argument. For its
part, the employer argued that the grievors were properly allocated
to the Labourer 3 position, that they were not doing "tradesman"
work and so should not be paid at the Manual WorkerRate.
Mr. Climenhage testified 'on both grievers' behalf. He has been a
seasonal employee of the Commission since 1984. Mr. Climenhage is
assigned to the Sign Painting Shop, which is part of the
0
Engineering Department. As a seasonal employee, Mr. Climenhage
works nine months a year, generally from March to the end of
November.
The Commission is responsible for approximately 35 miles of
parkland, tourist attractions, historical sites, and so on. The
4
Sign Painting Shop is responsible for producing and erecting all
of the signs needed by the Commission, for its roads, restaurants,
tourist attractions, parking lots etc. There are four employees
in the Sign Painting Shop: three seasonal employees (Mr..
Climenhage, Mr. Cant and Mr. Howard Sullivan) and one Sign Painter,.
Mr. Phil Nicholson. Mr. Nicholson is a full-time employee and is
also a certified sign painter, having served an apprenticeship in
sign painting. The three seasonal employees are staggered so that
there are always two people, Mr. Nicholson and one seasonal
employee, working in the Sign Painting Shop.
By and large, the grievors spend most of their time out on the road
erecting signs, although this can vary considerably depending on
conditions in the Sign Painting Shop., Mr. Climenhage testified
.that in his first year on the job he workefd almost exclusively in
the Sign Painting Shop. In other years, h,e may be called upon to
spend up to a month at a stretch working in the shop. It would
depend on what needed to be done, and what assistance Mr. Nicholson
required.
When the grievors work in the Sign Painting Shop, their main
activity appears to be preparing sign boards. The grievors are not.
responsible for cutting the boards, as that is done by the
carpenters. The Board heard considerable evidence about exactly
how the~grievors prepare the sign boards. They take a plain board
and apply a coat of primer to it. Then they apply putty to the
/- ~..
5
rough ,spots, and then they sand and finish'both sides. Another
coat of primer is then applied, and when it drys a reflective
border is applied. It is essential that the board be very smooth,
that there be no streaks ,and that it look good.
After the preparatory work is completed, the grievor may, but
likely will not, be involved in the next part of the process:
applying the sign. The Sign Paint Shop makes extensive use of a
"signmaker 2" computer. Basically, the information that is to
appear on the sign is entered into this machine. The machine then
produces the actual sign, which is applied to the previously
prepared board. Mr. Nicholson does most of this work, and although
he did not testify, it appears from the evidence that he does this
work for the greater part of his working time. It should be~noted,
however, that the.griev0r.s know how to operate this machine, and
are occasionally called upon to do so. It is also worth'mentioning
at this time that Mr. Nicholson has virtually no involvement in the
installation of signs. The only exception to'this is that if on
a weekend there is an immediate need for a sign to be prepared and
installed, Mr. Nicholson will be asked to do so.
Other than painting the sign boards as part of the preparatory
process, the grievors are also called upon to paint the sign posts
and the back of signs. From time to time they must also sand away
rust on metal posts and repaint them.
6
Introduced into evidence was the "Proposed Schedule of training for
the Non-Regulated Trade of Sign Painter." This schedule lists ten
different areas of work experience and training necessary .to become
a certified sign painter. They are as follows:
Safety
Knowledge of all safe practices, recog:nition and removal
of hazards.
Eouiument
Tools, equipment and rigging including the use,
maintenance and care of circular saws, jigs, and hand
drills, screening equipment and brushes. Spraying
principles and equipment.
Construction
The construction and erection of signs, framing of signs,
cutting of materials brackets and h,angers. Cutting
shapes and letters for store-front sign erection.
Colours The principles of mixing and matching of colours. Knowledge of colour spectrum and base structures such as
oils, enamels and lacquers.
Backsrounds
Preparation and application of primary or ground coats.
Sanding and putty work. Use of brush, rolling and spray
applications.
Guildinq Guildinq
Principles of applying heraldry and guilding to glass and Principles of applying heraldry and guilding to glass and
other surfaces. other surfaces. Applications of gold in high gloss, Applications of gold in high gloss,
matte and burnishing finishes. matte and burnishing finishes.
Desisn
Layouts and design of sign work. Principles of harmony
and space proportioning in designs.
Letterinq
Types of alphabet and appropriate usages. Knowledge of brushes to be used for effect.
Silk Screen
Silk screen printing, stencil cutting,. stencil making,
tones, blends of stencils, types of st(ancils.
Plastics
Identification and type of plastics, cutting and
7
processing of plastics, decal materials, plexi-glass sign
faces, etc. Paints to be used on plastics.
Mr. Climenhage testified at some length with respect to his
experience in each of these areas. He told the Board about the
various safety equipment that he uses such as safety goggles, hard
hats, "men at work" signs, and about the necessity of obtaining
information before digging new post holes.
With respect,to the different equipment indicated on this list, Mr.
Climenhage testified that he did not use circular or j.ig saws in
the Sign Paint Shop, but that he did use a chain saw and hand saw
in the sign installation process. He also used a drill press in
the Sign Paint Shop, and had a reversible drill and a hammer drill
on his truck. He also had a jackhammer on the truck, which was
used for drilling holes for sign posts. Mr. Climenhage testified
that he used a post hole digger, and a photograph of the machine
was introduced into evidence. He also used cutting torches to heat
up sign brackets in order to straighten them. Other equipment used
included a handgrinder, an electrical generator, ladders; levels,
shovels and rakes. Mr. Climenhage testified that there was no
spraying done~.in the Sign Paint Shop.
The grievors; as already noted, spend a large part of their time
preparing the sign boards and installing signs. Mr. Climenhage
'testified to also being involved in the framing of signs. The
signmaker 2 produces most of the letters needed so there was
,
8
little, if any, need to cut letters. Some cutting was 7 still
required, if, for example, it was necessary to produce an outline
of a picnic table to appear on a sign. These symbols are produced
by hand, and although the grievor could produce them, in general,
Mr. Nicholson was responsible for this work.
With respect to colours, Mr. Climenhage testified that there is
very little mixing to be done as the Sign Paint Shop generally uses
a basic green. Sometimes a little tinting of this paint would be
required. Mr. Climenhage did not do any guilding, and what design
that was done was generally done by Mr. Nicholson and the signmaker
2 machine. The same could be said with respect to lettering. In
terms of silk screening, very little of this activity took place,
but when it was required, the grievors would assist Mr. Nicholson
in doing it. Mr. Climenhage testified that he worked with
plastics, for example in preparing washroom signs.
By and. large the grievors work without supervision. They are
assigned some tasks in the morning and then are left on their own.
The grievors, unless directed otherwise, establish their own
priorities. In general, Mr. Climenhage tesitified that he did all
of the work indicated on the above list that was done by the
Commission and by Mr: Nicholson. In summary, the main difference
between the grievors' and Mr. Nicholson's work is that the grievors
spend more of their time installing signs, and Mr. Nicholson has
more responsibility for operating the signmaker 2 machine. Mr.
i
9
Climenhage also pointed out that Mr. Nicholson takes lengthy annual
vacations, and when he is away the grievors do some of his work.
Mr. Climenhage has on numerous occasions been assigned long-term
duties in the Paint Shop. The Paint Shop is adjacent to, but
distinct from, the Sign Paint Shop. The Sign Paint Shop is
responsible for painting and installing signs. The Paint Shop is
responsible for painting buildings, interiors and exteriors,
furniture, etc. Over the course of this .employment with the
Commission, Mr. Climenhage has worked in the Paint Shop for
approximately 22 months. He‘can, therefore, be said to have some
familiarity with Paint Shop activities and responsibilities. __
There are five people who work in the Paint Shop: three are full-
time, and two are seasonal. Unlike the~grievors, the seasonal
employees in the Paint Shop receive the Manual,Worker rate. Mr.
Climenhage testified that both full-time and seasonal workers in
the Paint Shop do the same kind of painting .work, although the
full-time workers may do more of the finished quality work, and
painting of furniture such as pianos where a high-quality paint job
is required. Both .the Sign Paint Shop and the Paint Shop are
supervised by Mr. Earl Lafferty.
Mr. Climenhage testified that a typical paint job assigned to the
Paint Shop would be to paint a room. That would involve one person
doing the cutting work and another doing the rolling work. Mr.
10
Climenhage testified that the level of skill, knowledge and
expertise that was required by him when he was working in the Sign.
Paint Shop was much higher than that required when he was working
in the Paint Shop. There was some evidence with respect to whether
or not the full-time painters in the Paint Shop were certified.
Mr. Climenhage also gave some evidence with respect to certain
persons who were classified and paid the Labourer 4 rate, such as
the grass cutters, and gave his understanding as to why they were
receiving a higher rate than he was. It is not necessary to review
this evidence in that it goes to the unia'n's alternative claim.
As previously noted, we have det:ermined that this case can be
decided based on the union's primary claim..
In cross-examination, Mr. Climenhage agreed that he has not taken
any formal' training in sign painting, nor has he served as an
apprentice sign painter. Mr. Climenhage reiterated his evidence
about his extensive experience in the Paint Shop, and he testified
that when he was assigned to the Paint Shop on an outside job he
would be paid the Manual Worker rate. Mr. Climenhage was asked
how he knew.what Mr. Nicholson did on a daily basis if he was out
on the road for a significant proportion of his time. In.reply,
Mr. Climenhage referred to the months on end that he would
sometimes spend in the Sign Paint Shop, and he also pointed out
that he would be in and out enough over the course of a day to
formulate a fairly good impression of what Mr. Nicholson was up to.
I
11
Similarly, his experience in the Paint Shop and working.on paint
crews gave him a good idea as to the nature 'and complexity of the
painting work, and in this regard, he repeated his evidence-in-
chief that the work of preparing sign boards to the quality
required and then installing them required greater skills and
ability than the painting work in the Paint Shop.
Mr. Climenhage was shown a position specification for the,full-time
sign painter position and was asked if he had performed the various
duties indicated on it. By and large, his evidence was consistent
with his earlier testimony in which he described at 'length his
duties and responsibilities. Accordingly, there is no need to set
it out here. Mr. Climenhage was also shown the position
specification for the full-time painter position and asked what
duties and responsibilities on it he had performed. We find,
however, that this evidence is not material to the issue before us.
The grievors are not seeking the painter classification, and so
what painting duties they may or may not have performed does not
assist us.
Mr. Nick Murphy testified on behalf of the employer. Mr. Murphy
is the Director of Engineering, and has been in that position for
approximately two-and-a-half years. He has been with the
.
Commission for more than nine years in progressively more senior
positions. Mr. Murphy gave some evidence about the differences
between the job performed by the grievors and that performed,by the
12
seasonal employees working in the Paint Shop. It will be recalled
that the grievors are paid at the Labourer rate, while the seasonal
employees in the paint shop are paid at the Manual Worker rate in
accordance with the provision from the Memorandum of Settlement
extracted above.
Mr. Murphy testified that the painters are expected to produce a
higher-quality finished product than the grievors. Moreover, Mr.
Murphy testified that the major activity in the grievers' position
is to erect signs, not paint them, while the major activity of the
seasonal employees in the Paint Shop isto paint. Mr. Murphy also
referred the Board to those parts of the Sign Painter position
specification that the grievors did not perform. Again, his
evidence was largely consistent with that of Mr. Climenhage. The
grievors did very little letter cutting, for example. Mr. Murphy
also said that Mr. Nicholson was responsible for the design of the
sign, and in exercising that responsibility he would select sizes,
colours, designs, etc. That was something that the grievors did
not do.
Mr. Murphy testified about his understanding of the operation of
the clause from the Memorandum of Settlement cited above. It
applied, he testified, to someone who was doing the job of a
certified tradesperson but who was not himself or herself a
certified tradesperson. With respect to the Paint Shop, it applied
to the seasonal employees because they were doing painting trade
13
work. The grievors were not being paid the Manual Worker rate
because the employer was of the view that they were not doing sign
painter trades work. When the grievors worked out of the Paint
Shop they would, in contrast, get the Manual Worker rate, because
the employer was of the view that this was trades work and so
should be paid according to the above-noted term.
In cross-examination, Mr. Murphy agreed that he has never worked
in either the Paint Shop or the Sign Paint Shop. He also testified
that he has no reason to disbelieve Mr. Climenhage's.evidence of
longstanding experience working in the Paint Shop. Mr. Murphy
testified that Mr. Nicholson does not do installation work any
more, but he agreed that installation work was part of the sign
painter's job. With respect to some of the other duties performed
by Mr. Nicholson, such as silkscreening, Mr. Murphy agreed that
these jobs were not frequent. Mr. Murphy was asked whether the
grievors had a wider range of skills and duties than the painters,
and he replied that they used more equipment; Very simply, it was
Mr. Murphy's contention that the grievors were not doing sign
painter work and so should not be paid at the Manual Worker rate.
They were doing installing work and were being paid at the
appropriate rate.
Union Araument
Union counsel argued that the determination of this grievance
boiled down to the requirements of the Collective Agreement, and
I 14
in particular to the requirements of the Appendix to the Memorandum
of Settlement. In the union's view, most of the evidence in this
case was not in dispute. That evidence', counsel submitted, was to
the effect that each aspect of the grievers' duties and
responsibilities could be said to fall within the sign painting
function. They were, therefore, doing sign painter work and so
should, according to the provision cited above, be paid ,at the
Manual Worker rate.
Union counsel pointed out that Mr. Nichols,on did some things that
the grievors did not do, but ,when the grievors' duties and
responsibilities In virtually every aspect of the sign painting
function were considered, the conclusion was inescapable that they
were doing sign painting trades work. It was true that the
grievors spent considerable time erectinq signs, but counsel
pointed out that the employer's witness, Mr. Murphy, had testified~
that he considered this an important part of the sign painting job.
Counsel also pointed out that the position specification for Mr.
Nicholson's position listed this as one of the duties of the sign
painter. Union counsel also pointed out various other duties
listed on this position specification which the evidence indicated
the grievors performed.
Counsel agreed that the grievors do not have formal sign painting
training. Nor were they in an apprenticeship program. Counsel
argued, however, that this is not what the collective agreement
required. What was required to obtain the Manual Worker rate was
to do the trades work, and counsel submitted that this is what the
grievors were doing.
With respect to the evidence about the seasonal employees in the
Paint Shop being paid the Manual Worker rate, counsel pointed out
that this evidence was not elicited because the grievors considered
* themselves to be painters. What then was the purpose of this
evidence? Its purpose was to illustrate the deficiencies in the
employer's classification system.
Counsel submitted that the fundamental goal of a classification
system is to ensure that equal work is equally compensated.
Counsel was not arguing that the grievors should get the Manual
Worker rate because they were doing paint shop work, but because
they were doing sign painter work. In Beals & Cain 30/79 (Draper),
the'Board said:
It may be assumed that among the objectives of the
employer!s classification system are the achievement of
uniformity in policy and consistency in practice
throughout the public service, and equitable treatment
of individual employees. It follows that it is an abuse
of the system and unfair to employees where the positions
of employees who are performing substantially the same work are placed in different classifications. By
intervening where that condition is found to exist the
Board, rather than frustrating the intent or undermining
the operation of the classification system, is preserving the legitimacy and the credibility of'that system, (at
11).
Counsel also referred the Board to- Re USW and Dunham Bush (Canada)
Ltd d, 20 LAC 419 (Weiler) where the Board said, inter alia: "The
16
purpose of a wage schedule with different job classifications
to ensure that equal work will attract equal pay and that relevant
differences in skill, complexity, difficulty, etc. will be
reflected in monetary rewards...(at 421). Counsel argued that both
cases stood in favour of the union's sub:mission that the Board
should find that the grievors are performing trades work and so
should be paid at the Manual Worker rate as provided for in the
agreement between the parties. Very simpl.y, the grievance could
be and should be decided on the basis that the grievors', who were
not certified "tradesmen," were doing uncertified trades work and
so should be classified and compensated on that basis. Reinforcing
this conclusion was the evidence with respect to how other
similarly situated employees were classified and compensated.
Emnlover Araument
Counsel for the employer argued that the onus was on the union to
prove a breach of the collective agreement, and counsel argued that
this onus had not been met. Counsel argued that the work of the
grievors has not significantly changed over the last few years, and
that in any event, the evidence was to the e:ffect that the grievors
did not perform the full range of sign painter duties. Accordingly,
they were not performing the sign painter trade. Counsel also
pointed out that the grievors were not dcling the painter trade
either, and when they were assigned to the Paint Shop they were
paid the Manual Worker rate.
17
In counsel's view, the~grievors' job was preparing sign boards and
erecting signs. Counsel argued that the evidence was clear that
the grievors were not, either qualitatively or quantitatively,
doing sign painter work. The essence of the sign painter's job,
counsel submitted, was what Mr. Nicholson did, ,not what the
grievors did. Since the grievors were not doing the essential part
of the job, they should not be paid as if they were ~doing this
trade.
Counsel also submitted that what the union was trying to put
forward a usage argument, and he cited relevant authorities on
usage to the Board. Counsel argued that the evidenc.e supported the
employer in its determination that the seasonal painters were doing
painting trades work, and that the grievors were not doing sign
painting trades work. The seasona.1 painters were doing painting
100% of the time, while the grievors could not be said to be doing
sign painting for anywhere near this proportion of their work time.
Counsel urged the Board to dismiss both grievances.
In reply, union counsel took issue with the employer's
characterization that this was a usage case; and argued that this
was a classification case, pure and simple. Whether the grievors
were properly classified was the question to be addressed. The,
union was not saying that the grievors were sign painters any more
than it was saying that the grievors were painters. Accordingly,
the case was not about usage. What the union was saying was that
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the grievors were doing sign painter work. This work was a trade.
The parties had agreed that persons who were performing trades work
who were not certified should be paid the Manual Worker rate. The
grievors were not certified. They were performing trades'work.
They,should be paid at this rate because of this classification
provision in the parties' agreement. The fact that the grievers'
did not do everything that the sign painter did should not stand
in the way of them receiving the appropriate classification and
compensation given the fact that all the.work that they did fell
within the sign painter trade.
Decision
Having heard all of the evidence, and having carefully considered
the arguments of the parties, we have come to the conclusion that
this grievance must be upheld. The grievors have a statutory right
to bring their classification disputes before this Board, and we
have an obligation to hear and decide them.. In the instant case,
we find that the grievors are working as uncertified sign painters.
While the evidence indicates that the grievors spend most of their
time actually installing signs, we find that this is an integral
part of the sign painter's .job as indicated in the employer's
position specification and as indicated on the "Proposed Schedule
of Training for the Non-regulated trade of Sign Painter." The
grievors were doing the work of this trade and nothing else.
Our conclusion in this regard is reinforced by the evidence which
19
we heard. Some functions which the grievors do not perform are not
performed at all at the Commission. Other functions are performed
to a greater extent by Mr. Nicholson. Nevertheless, it is our view
that the significant preparatory work, as well asthe installation
work that the grievors do, puts them squarely within the sign
painter's trade. The parties have agreed that uncertified persons
performing trades work should 'be paid at the Manual Worker rate.
This is the classification system that the parties have designed
and incorporated into their agreement. The grievors fit into this
classification category and so they should be paid at this rate.
We make this finding solely on the basis of the evidence which we
heard with respect to the grievers' functions, duties and
responsibilities. The evidence of what the seasonal employees did
in the Paint~Shop merely demonstrates how the collective agreement
provision should be interpreted. In the Paint Shop case, the
employer has determined that the employees are doing trades work
and has~given them the Manual Worker rate. In the instant case,
we have determined that the uncertified grievors are doing trades
work, and we are ordering that they be paid in accordance with the
provision negotiated by the parties in their agreement. YThis
finding goes directly to the classification of these employees, and
we find that the term in question is, at its heart, a matter of
classification. In the instant case, the employees have been
improperly classified insofar as they are being paid at an
incorrect rate.
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Accordingly, we order that the grievors be reclassified. They~
should be classified and paid according to the relevant portion of
the Appendix to the Memorandum of Settlement, at the Manual Worker
rate. This order is, as is usually the case in classification
disputes this come before this Board, retroactive to twenty days
prior to the filing 'of the grievance,. We remain seized with
respect to the implementation of this award.
Dated at Ottawa this26th day of June 1991.
W If William KaDla .n
Vice-Chairperson
h
Member
,