HomeMy WebLinkAbout2001-0224.Group Grievance.01-10-09 DecisionONTARIO EMPLOYÉS DE LA COURONNE
CROWN EMPLOYEES DE L’ONTARIO
GRIEVANCE COMMISSION DE
SETTLEMENT RÈGLEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS
180 DUNDAS STREET WEST, SUITE 600, TORONTO ON M5G 1Z8 TELEPHONE/TÉLÉPHONE: (416) 326-1388
180, RUE DUNDAS OUEST, BUREAU 600, TORONTO (ON) M5G IZ8 FACSIMILE/TÉLÉCOPIE: (416) 326-1396
GSB#0224/01
UNION# 01A503, 01A504, 01A505,
01A506, 01A507, 01A508
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
(Group Grievance, Sammy et al)
Grievor
-and-
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Correctional Services)
Employer
BEFORE Daniel A. Harris Vice-Chair
FOR THE GRIEVOR Ed Holmes
Counsel
Ryder Wright Blair & Doyle
Barristers & Solicitors
FOR THE EMPLOYER Ajamu Boardi
Staff Relations Officer
Ministry of Correctional Services
HEARING: September 5 and 18, 2001.
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INTERIM ORDER
The Proceedings
This decision deals with a request by the Union for interim relief. It is brought on
behalf of the grievors, Dale Sammy, Donald Cuthbert, Alton McFarlane, Carlton
Johnson, Tim Collins and Robert Mondesir. The grievors are unclassified
Correctional Officers and were each suspended without pay in February 2001
pending investigation into an incident that was alleged to have occurred at the
Toronto East Detention Centre on February 2, 2001. At this juncture the Union
seeks interim relief in the nature of monetary compensation for the grievors.
The test for interim relief is two-fold:
1.) the existence of an arguable case in the main application
2.) the balance of potential harm or inconvenience
In these matters, the Employer has conceded that there is an arguable case.
Accordingly, it falls to assess the balance of harm or inconvenience.
The Background
The facts surrounding the suspensions without pay are similar for all of the
grievors. They were initially suspended with pay in accordance with section 22(1)
of the Public Service Act. They were each advised in late February, 2001 that
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their suspension was continued without pay. The text of the letter sent to each of
them is as follows:
This will serve notice that your suspension from duty, per Article 22 (1), of the Public
Service Act is being extended for an additional twenty working days, pending an
investigation. This period of suspension is without pay and will be from February 27,
2001 to March 24, 2001 inclusive. This suspension is subject to renewal.
This is additionally to advise you that during the investigation by the Ministry and by the
police into the incident alleged to have occurred on February 2, 2001 the Ministry will
not be requiring your services under your classified contract.
Please note the terms of Ms. Scrivano’s memo of February 19, 2001 still apply in
reference to you not attending the institution, unless requested to do so by either the
Superintendent or the undersigned.
The thrust of the Union’s position on the merits of the grievances is that the
Employer purported to invoke its right to suspend without pay under the Public
Service Act, when in fact it indefinitely suspended the grievors. Having relied on
the Act, the suspensions were invalid by virtue of the Employer’s failure to follow
strictly the Act’s dictates. It is the second paragraph of the letter sent to the
grievors that is the foundation of the claim. It was said to clearly indicate that the
Employer was suspending the grievors for the indefinite period that it would take
the Ministry and the police to investigate. The Ministry’s investigation was
undertaken by Mr. Ewing and commenced February 3, 2001. All interviews were
completed by May 23, 2001. The final report was delivered to the Employer July
24, 2001. Neither the report nor its conclusions are before the Board in any detail
in these proceedings.
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Finally, by way of background, it should be noted that initially seven C.O.’s were
suspended, being the six grievors and Mark Dewer. Mr. Dewer is a classified
Corrections Officer and the Union Steward. His suspension was with pay and he
was returned to work in his former capacity effective June 26, 2001.
The Submissions of the Parties
The Union submitted that the background facts disclose substantial periods of
inaction by the Employer in its investigation which has caused significant hardship
to the grievors. Each of the grievors testified as to the personal hardship caused to
them. That evidence is dealt with below. The Union also said that there was
manifestly uneven treatment of the grievors as compared with Mr. Dewer. The
Union said that Mr. Dewer’s return to work established that there was no
detriment to the Employer to having the grievors in the workplace pending its final
decision. The Union also made extensive submissions that the suspensions were a
substantive breach of the provisions of the Public Service Act. The Union relied
upon the following authorities: Miracle Food Mart of Canada & UFCW, Local
175 and 633 (1994), 41 L.A.C. (4th) 248 (Gray); Ministry of Labour and OPSEU
(Nield) 1471/96 (Roberts); Ontario Human Rights Commission and OPSEU (Fox
et al) 0507/01 et al, (Stewart); UFCW v. Loeb Highland, [1993] OLRB REP.
March 1, 1997; Globe and Mail and Southern Ontario Newspaper Guild (Kelly)
(1993), 39 L.A.C. (4th) 1985 (P. Picher et al); Better Beef Limited and UFCW,
Local 617 P (1995), 46 L.A.C. (4th) 46 (Tacon); Management Board Secretariat
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and OPSEU (Union Grievance) 1196/97, (Dissanayake); Dayco(Canada) Ltd. and
C.A.W. – Canada (1993), 102 D.L.R. (4th) 609 (S.C.C.); Ministry of Health and
OPSEU (Santos), 974/92, (Waisglass); University of Ottawa and I.U.O.E. (1994),
42 L.A.C. (4th) 300 (Bendal); Ministry of Correctional Services and OPSEU
(Mailloux), 1064/90, (Kirkwood); Ministry of Correctional Services and OPSEU
(G. Miller), 2613/87, (Samuels, November 7, 1988); Ministry of Correctional
Services and OPSEU (G.Miller), 2613/87 (Samuels, February 14, 1989)
The Employer submitted that the issue before the Board was the narrow one of the
appropriateness of granting interim relief in the circumstances. That is, where
does the balance of harm lie? The Employer said that notions of irreparable harm
remain of importance in the exercise of discretion in dealing with applications for
interim relief. It said that the Board ought to look at whether the harm alleged is
one that could not be remedied, such as the imminent loss of an asset such as a
house. Here the evidence was said to have fallen far short of establishing more
than the financial hardship that anyone would experience as the result of being
suspended without pay. As to delay, the Employer argued that the Union’s
submissions on delay were arguments on the merits that ought not to be
entertained at this stage of the proceedings. The Employer relied on the following
authorities: Ministry of Correctional Services and OPSEU (Stewart) 1000/94,
(Gorsky); Ministry of Health and OPSEU (Leeder), 2498/93 et al, (Finley);
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Ministry of Natural Resources and OPSEU (C.M.Brown), 706/83 et al, (Roberts);
Ministry of Labour and OPSEU (Nield), 1471/96 (Roberts); Brewers Retail Inc.
and United Brewers’ Warehousing Workers’ Provincial Board (1998), 74 L.A.C.
(4th) 113 (Carrier).
Reasons for Decision
As set out above the individual grievors testified as to the circumstances in which
they find themselves as a result of having been suspended without pay. Suffice it
to say that in each case the grievors described significant financial hardship. Some
had been able to find alternative employment at substantially reduced wages,
performing jobs that they described as demeaning. Some had obtained financial
assistance from others. All were experiencing the type of hardship one might
reasonably expect will result from being deprived of an income for a number of
months. In Miracle Food Mart of Canada (supra), at page 255, Mr. Gray referred
to the following comments of Mr. Swan in William Neilson Ltd. and U.F.C.W.
(unreported, July 16, 1993, Swan):
I begin with the observation that not every element of inconvenience must be strictly
proved in an application of this nature. Some presumptions can be drawn from the
circumstances of a case like the present. For example, it can be concluded that it is
inconvenient for an employee to be out of work and not in receipt of remuneration for
any substantial period. The extent of that inconvenience will, of course, vary the
financial situation of the employee, the availability of alternate employment, and the
anticipated delay before the main grievance can be resolved in a binding way. There may
be cases in which such a presumption is sufficient to tip the balance of convenience in
favour of an interim order of reinstatement but in a case where any substantial
inconvenience to the Employer appears, the presumption alone may not be sufficient to
overcome the Employer’s interest.
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Similarly, while being required to have available work performed by the grievor and paid
for by the employer would not of itself give rise to any presumption of inconvenience,
there are other factors which might very well demonstrate inconvenience to an Employer,
particularly where elements of additional financial cost, reasonable apprehension of harm
to the workplace or other employees, or serious questions of workplace morale arise.
While there is no general presumption that any of these results will flow from the
reinstatement of a discharged employee, such a presumption may arise from special
circumstances, even in the absence of specific proof of these factors.
The evidence of the grievors essentially establishes that although they are
experiencing significant financial hardship it is not such hardship as would extend
beyond the presumption referred to by Mr. Swan. That is not to diminish the real
financial hardship which is presumed to exist and, on the evidence, does exist as a
result of their lengthy suspension without pay from their jobs as unclassified
Correctional Officers.
That, however, does not end the enquiry. As set out in Globe and Mail and
Southern Ontario Newspaper Guild (supra), a number of factors come into play in
balancing the inconvenience or the harm between the parties on an application for
interim relief. In the circumstances of this case, there is no detailed evidence of
the alleged wrongdoing nor is there any evidence of apprehension of workplace
harm should the grievors return to work. I am mindful that the Union is not
requesting interim reinstatement to the workplace. Rather, the Union is requesting
that the grievors be compensated and that their unclassified contracts be deemed to
have continued on an ongoing basis. However, in the context of the cases relied
upon by both parties, and the effect that an order of compensation might have, it is
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appropriate to consider the situation as if the employees were to be reinstated. If
the Employer is ordered to compensate the grievors, it ought not to be so required
without the concomitant right to require the grievors to attend at the workplace
and discharge their duties. The evidence in this matter is such that there would be
no inconvenience to the employer in restoring the grievors to their positions. The
fact that Mr. Dewer has been reinstated to his previous duties as a Corrections
Officer is indicative of that fact. Further, the Employer called Tony Valaitis to
give evidence on its behalf. Mr. Valaitis’s evidence was that that inconvenience to
the Employer would be financial.
In my view, after a consideration of the evidence and the authorities relied upon
by the parties, the balance of harm favours an order that the grievors be
compensated from and after August 1, 2001. It follows that they ought to be
considered to have retained their status as unclassified Correctional Officers. I
reach these conclusions on the basis that no substantial inconvenience to the
Employer appears to exist.
From a labour-relations perspective, and for the purposes of this interim order, I
take it that the Employer had a legitimate interest in thoroughly investigating the
allegations arising from the incident of February 2, 2001. It promptly initiated the
investigation by appointing Mr. Ewing to complete it. There is no evidence before
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the Board that he did or did not do so in a timely fashion. It is useful to set out the
relevant section of the Public Service Act:
22.(1) A deputy minister may, pending an investigation, suspend from employment any
public servant in his or her ministry for such period as the regulations prescribe,
and during any such period of suspension may withold the salary of the public
servant.
From and after the tendering of his report to the Employer on July 24, 2001, there
was a requirement upon the Employer to act with dispatch in dealing with the
allegations contained in the report. Once the Employer was fixed with the results
of the investigation, it had an obligation promptly to make final decisions with
respect to the status of the greivors. That is so whether the suspensions are taken to
have been pursuant to the Public Service Act or a management right. The authority
to suspend under the Act is during the period of the investigation, which came to a
close after the Employer had a reasonable period of time to inform itself of the
results of Mr. Ewing’s efforts. His report was available July 24, 2001.
Managements’ rights are a labour-relations concept that is tempered by the law.
The principle that delay is harmful to labour-relations is well established.
In UFCW v. Loeb Highland (supra), the Ontario Labour Relations Board, at
paragraph 32, set out the following well-known references:
[32] Moreover, both the Board and the Court have long recognized that delay poses
special problems in Labour Relations Matters. In Consolotated-Bathurst
Packaging Ltd. v. I.W.C., Local 2-69 (1984) 2 O.A.C. 277, the Court noted:
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… there is a fundamental principle of Labour Law that injustice and detriment to
the Labour Relations of an Employer and Employee will result if the process is
delayed. In my opinion, it is fair to say that the thrust of jurisprudence not only
in the Board but in the Courts may be summarized by saying:
In the law which has grown up around Labour Relations in this province
and indeed elsewhere where the common law is pursued, the overriding
principle invariably applied is that Labour Relations delayed are Labour
Relations defeated and denied: the Journal Publishing Company of
Ottawa Ltd. v. the Ottawa Newspaper Guild, Ont. CA. Released May
17/77 (unreported) [since reported[1977] A.C.W.S. 817 (Ont. C.A)]
Similarly, in Re United Headwear and Biltmore/Stetson (Canada) Inc.(1983) 41, O.R.
(2d) 287, the Court commented that the delay in Labour Relations matters often works
unfairness and hardship. To some extent then, the Board must ensure the delay does not
in itself decide a case.
The Supreme Court of Canada has also commented on the harm caused by delay
in Labour Relations matters. In Dayco (Canada) Ltd. v. C.A.W.–Canada (supra),
Cory J. made the following comments with respect to the harm caused by
unnecessary delay:
Unresolved disputes fester and spread the infection of discontent. They cry out for
resolution. Disputes in the field of Labour Relations are particularly sensitive. Work is
an essential ingredient in the lives of most Canadians. Labour disputes deal with a wide
variety of work related problems. They pertain to wages and benefits, to working
conditions, hours of work, overtime, job classification and seniority. Many of the issues
are emotional and volatile. If these disputes are not resolved quickly and finally, they can
lead to frustration, hostility and violence. Both the members of the workforce and
management have every right to expect that their differences will be, as they should,
settled expeditiously. Further, the provision of goods and services in our complex society
can be seriously disrupted by long-running Labour disputes and strikes. Thus, society as
a whole, as well as the parties, has an interest in their prompt resolution.
I accept the Employer’s submission that to look at the period prior to the tendering
of the report on July 24, 2001, would be to engage in a consideration of the merits
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of these suspensions in the first instance. As set out in Nield (supra), I am limited
to making procedural orders, broadly defined, as discussed in Fox (supra), at
pages 4 to 6. The central issue of this case is the validity of the suspensions at first
instance pursuant to the Public Service Act. This decision is made on the basis of
the detrimental labour-relations consequences of the Employer’s delay in dealing
with the results of its investigation. The grievors ought not to bear the cost of that
delay pending the hearing on the merits. In balancing the harm or inconvenience
as between the grievors and the Employer, from and after the date of the delivery
of the report, the presumption spoken of by Mr. Swan, as confirmed by the
evidence of the grievors, prevails over the absence of any evidence of
inconvenience to the Employer, other than cost. Accordingly, it is hereby ordered
that the grievors be compensated from and after August 1, 2001. For the purposes
of clarity, it is also declared that the grievors have remained unclassified
Correctional Officers throughout.
Dated at Toronto, this 9th day of October 2001.
________________________
Daniel A. Harris, Vice-Chair.