HomeMy WebLinkAbout1984-0575.Schmid.85-02-05IN.TH,E MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION :.
Under _
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE-GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
Between: OPSEU (d. F. Schmid)
Before:
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For the Grievor:
For the Employer:
Hearing: November 27, 1984
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The Crown in Right of ,Ontario,
(Ministry of Transportation and
Communications)
Grievor
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Employer
R. J., Roberts Vice Ch'airma,n
I,. J. Thomson Member
A. G. Stapleton' Member
M. Ball
Counsel I
Cornish & Associates
D. W. Brown, Q.C.
Counsel
Crown Law Office Civil '
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DECISICN
This arbitration arises out of a unique series of
events, involving a withdrawal of the grievance which was originally
filed, and the subsequent filing of a second grievance claiming
interest upon a principal sum which had been paid by the Ministry
in the hope of settling the original matter. For reasons which
follow we conclude that this second grievance must be dismissed.
We do not have jurisdiction under this grievance to award to
the grievor the requested relief.
Since 1974, the grievor has been a Traffic Technician
III with the Ministry. In the course of performing his duties,
the grievor was required to travel from job site to job site.
As a result, he incurred considerable travelling expenses, which,
from time to time; were reimbursed to him by the Ministry.
It seems that in 1977-78, an award was issued by the
Grievance Settlement Board, which upset what had theretofore been
cr.,. the Ministry's established policy with respect to payment of
compensation for week-end travelling costs. This policy had
been so well established that it was set forth in a policy manual
which the Ministry was using.
On September 21, 1979, Mr. T. G. Smith, the Regional
Director, Central Region, sent the following letter to Mr.
D. M. Stewart, President, Local 536 of the Union:
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Further to our exchange of correspondence regarding compensation of week-end travelling costs for employees who remain on the job site during the week, we have now established that employees
affected should.have .received the appropriate mile- age (kilometrage) rate both in travelling to the 1 job site on Monday and,return to their Headquarters
at the end of the week.
All employees Cl1 be so advised through their
supervisors and those affected will be compensated accordingly henceforth; and in addition we will entertain retro-active claims back to May 1, 1978.
Employees who chose to commute daily from their
Headquarters to.the job site are not affected, as utilization of the week-end commuting allowance is
and was appropriate for them, and will, for the time being, be' continued to be used for cost calculation
purposes.
: T. G. Smith,
Regional Director;
Essentially, this letter constituted notice to the .Union that
the Ministry was changing. its policy to accord~.with the award
and that the Ministry would entertain claims for retro-active
compensation dating back to May 1;~ 1978.
The evidence at the hearing tended to indicate that
Mr. Stewart advised the grievor of the contents of the above :
letter: however, for $ome unexplained reason,. the grievor did ,- not file a claim for reto-active compensation. Worse, and again
for some unexplained reason, the grievor continued to be compen- . . , sated for week-end traveiling costs according' to the old policy
and not the tiew~one which had been announced by Mr. Smith. This
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situation continued until January 3, 1984,. when the error with
respect to the grievor was finally addressed by the Ministry
At that time, the Ministry commenced paying mileage
to the grievor according to the new policy: however, the Ministry
did not compensate the grievor for the accumulated difference
between the former rate and the rate that had been announced
by Mr. Smith in his letter dated September 21, 1979. On February
9, 1984, the grievor filed a grievance claiming retro-active
( payment of this sum, with interest, to January 1, 1977.
Initially, the Ministry took the position that the
grievor did not have any right to file this grievance. Apparently,
this position was based upon a contention that the grievance
was filed out of time. On Februaiy 16, Mr. 3. Pullen, the Traffic
Field Supervisor, sent to the grievor the following letter:
Re: Grievance .Dated February 9, 1984
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This is in response to your grievance filed at
Stage One of the procedure in which you grieve
that you have been dealt with in a manner that is contrary to Article 22 of the Collective Agreement.
As of January 3, 1964, we have been paying you mileage
from your headquarters, north of Norland, to the
Coboconk Patrol Yard in accordance with the Collective Agreement. Thus, in our opinion, there is no basis
upon which you can now grieve.
Accordingly your grievance is denied.
John Pullen, Traffic Field Supervisor.
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(II Mr. Pullen apparently took the view that because the Ministry
had begun paying the grievor.properly as of January 3, there
_ was no basis upon which the griever could now grieve.
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Eventually, however, the parties reached a degree
of accommodation.,. The Mi,nistry offered 'to.pay.-to the, grievor
an amount which represented'the principal sum of-the difference
between the two rates of reimbursement for mileage, .retro-active
to May 1, 1978. On March 21, 1984, Mr. E. J. 'McCabe, .the Regional
(1. Director, sent to the grievor the following 1ette.r:
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Re: Grievance L 'Article 22 and Commutinq Articles
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Since the-stage 2 meeting for the above-noted
grievance, . I have had an opportunity~to consider your position and the representations made on your
behalf by Mr. D. M. Stewart. I have determined that
you. should be compensated for the difference between the formerly claimed weekend commuting allowance and the 'applicable mileage rate.for the period May 1,
1978 to-January 9, 1984.
'.. Accordingly, please submit your expense .accounts for this period to your supervisor for.payment. Pay-
ment will be made in accordance with the date of
occurrence and thh.:ddistance, travelled as indicated
.on,.your expense accounts. :
It is our position that there is no"entitlement to interest on the monies that will be paid.
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F ‘E. J. McCabe, Regional Director,.
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It was made clear that no interest was$,,to be paid upon these
monies. _
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It seems to be difficult to characterize what happened~
next. Apparently, there were further discussions between the
parties which led to an agreement by the grievor to withdraw
his grievance upon receiving payment of the principal sum that
had been offered in Mr. McCabe's letter of March 21. On April
16, the grievor submitted the expense account that Mr. McCabe
had requested in his letter dated March 21. The total amount
of retro-active compensation that was due to the grievor per
this expense account was $6,405.15. At the same time, however, I
the grievor submitted a covering letter which stated that upon
receipt of the money he would withdraw the grievance, but "without
prejudice to any remaining rights." At the hearing, the grievor
stated that when he wrote this passage, he was referring to his
right to pursue his claim for interest.
At some point in mid-to-late May, 1984, the grievor
received from the Ministry a cheque for $6,405'.15. Thereafter,
on June 4, 1984, the grievor filed a second grievance in which
c;, 'i he claimed interest O1compounded from May 1, 1978 to January 9,
1984 inclusive." In due course, this hearing followed.
At the hearing, it became apparent that the grievor's
claim for interest in the above grievance raised at least two
questions of a preliminary nature: the first question was whether
the accommodation which resulted in the withdrawal of the first
grievance barred the grievor from filing the second grievance.
The second issue was whether, given the nature of the relief
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that was requested, the second grievancetwas filed out of time. . These questions will be dealt with seriatim hereinbelow:
With respect to the.first question, the Ministry submitted
that when the grievor accepted the Ministry's cheque in the full
knowledge that the Ministry was'refusing to pay interest and, ._
thereupon withdrew his grievance , there was a:binding settlement :
of all issues that,were raised in that grievance, and as a result, , :
the grievor was barred from filing the grievance leading to the
present proceeding. It appears, however, that upon the facts ,' il - - .
of the present case, this submission cannot‘be sustained. . . . _ , -
If a settlement is to bar one party or the other from w
raising an issue in a subsequent grievance, there must'be some
clear indication that,~t,his was the intentions of the parties. .- .I As was stated by,.Professor Brandt in Re Snider and Ministsry, : ._ ~.3.
of Transportation and Communications (19841, G.S.B.' 509183:
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Ana.lysed'in terms.of the doctrine of res judicata,
arbitrators have required some clear indication that
the parties have settled* an issue in a:way which they intend to be binding on them in the'future. Thus
even when a grievance has been settled by the parties in the grievance procedure, that settlement, whether on a "without prejudice!' basis or.not, will not nec-
essarily bind the parties and constitute, the issue
'res judi&ta between t,hem.(Lake Ontario Portland Cement Company Limited (1963!14 L.A.C. 37.1 For such to be the case'the minutes .of settlement must clearly so provide. (See Re American Motors (Canada) Limited (1964) 14 L.A;C. 422): -
In a‘n,uhiber of cases i.thas been held that withdrawal
or abandonment of a grievance, without m*ore, is not sufficient to prevent a subsequent grievance from
being filed. (See Re County of Paintearth (1973) I
8 L.A.C. (2d) 225 (Larson); ReCil
13 L.A.C. (2d) 213 (Hinnegan)), supportable on either the doctrine of res judicata
3 L:A.C1'(2d) 429 (&&man); Re.Gibraltar Mines (1975)
ty of London (1976) '. iese results are
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or promissory estoppel. The act of withdrawal or
abandonment of a grievance is not a representation which is sufficiently unambiguous to create an estoppel; nor does it permit any conclusion that the parties are prepared to treat the matter as having been resolved
or settled in such a way as to bind them in the future.
. . . Id. at pp. 9-10. -
Regardless of whether the alleged bar is based upon an assertion
of res judicata or promissory estoppel, there must be an un-
ambiguous indication that the parties intended that the issue
in question should not be raised in a subsequent grievance.
On the facts of the present case there was no such
unambiguous indication. In fact, the circumstances under which
the accommodation was reached suggested that precisely the opposite
was true. In his letter dated April 16, the grievor gave the
Ministry written notice that he did not regard the act of accepting
the principle sum in return for withdrawal of his grievance to
constitute a complete settlement of all issues between them.
In these circumstances, the grievor"s right to file a second
grievance raising the issue of interest upon the princiml sum
was unimpaired by the settlement.
Given the nature of the claim, however, it must be
concluded that the grievance was filed out of time. Where, as
here, the violation of the Collective Agreement is of a continuing
nature, the time limits for initiating a grievance assume a
particular significance. As was stated in Brown and Beatty,
Canadian Labour Arbitration (2nd. -ed.), "The relief or damages
awarded retro-actively in such circumstances may be limited by
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the time limit. Thus, where a grievance claimed improper payment
and the grievance was allowed, the award limited the damages
recovered to five full'tiorking dkys prior to the filing of the
grievance, which was the applicable time limit for initiating
the grievance." Id. at p. 96. In'short, conduct engaged in
before the commencement of the time limit for-f.iling the grievance ~
in question generally will not give rise to a right of recovery
in the grievor.
Limiting the recovery of relief inthis way where
the violation of the agreement is of a continuing nature, appears
to be in line with the acknowledged policies~ underlying the
applicition in a similarmanner of statutes 0f:limitations in
civil actions~. 'These policies "are designed to'safeguard the
interests of the defeiidant.in two-ways;. First,~ they seek to
protect his interest in'at some' time being!able.to rely on,the
fact that he no longer wills have'.to preserve or seek out evidence
to defend the claims against him, Secondly;'theylgrant him protection
'from insecurity,'which may be economic or psychological, or
both; at some point in time he ought to be made secure in his
reasonable expectation that contingent liabilities will no longer
be asserted by. legal action to disrupt his,.finances and affect
his business and social relations." G.D. Watson. Amendment of
Proceedings after Limitation Periods (1975);53~ Can. Bar Review
237; at pp. 272-3: .'
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In the present case, the continuing violation of the : _
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Collective Agreement which gave rise to the grievor's claim for
interest ceased long before the commencement of the limitations
period for the grievance at hand. Accordingly, on a strict applicatic
of the time limits, this grievance was filed out of time. For
this reason, this Board would lack jurisdiction to entertain
the claim for interest which constitutes the subject matter of
the grievance.
Counsel for the grievor submitted that a strict applicatior
c- of the time limits should not be made in this case, that it should
make no difference whether the grievor filed a second grievance
claiming the interest or continued pressing that portion of his
first grievance which related to this claim. It seems, however,
that a difference should be made, and in fact, was made by the
grievor. The facts indicated that if the grievor had not withdrawn
his first grievance, he would not have obtained from the Ministry
payment of the principle sum. It would appear to defeat the
nature of the accommodatioh that was struck between the parties
! if the second grievance were treated by this Board as a mere
continuation of the first.
Moreover, it seems highly likely that even if this
submission of counsel were to have been accepted by the Board,
the grievance still would have to be regarded as out of time.
It will be recalled that the violation of the Collective Agreement
ended as of January 3, 1984. The first grievance was not filed
until February 9, 1984. This would appear to be outside the
time limit for filing a grievance in respect of the violation,
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i.e., 20 working days. The Board again notes that this seems
to be what Mr. Pullen was referring to in his letter to the grievor
dated February 16, 1984. Even the original grievance might have
been filed out of ,time.
In the result, therefore, the grievance must be dismissed.
This Board does not have jurisdiction to award the grievor relief.
upon his claim for interest.
DATED at London, Ontario, this 5th $ay of February,
1985.
Vice-Chairman
/ I. J. Thomson, Member ;/
, A. G. Stapleton, Member