HomeMy WebLinkAboutUnion 13-05-28
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
BETWEEN:
Pathways to Independence
and
OPSEU
(Pension Grievance)
Before: William Kaplan
Sole Arbitrator
Appearances
For the Employer: Amanda Hunter
Hicks Morley
Barristers & Solicitors
For the Union: Erin O’Hara
Legal Counsel
OPSEU
A hearing in this matter was held in Belleville on May 22, 2013.
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Introduction
This case concerns a pension dispute between the parties. At their request, it is
being resolved pursuant to the grievance and arbitration provisions of the
collective agreement. None of the background facts are in dispute. The case
proceeded to a hearing held in Belleville on May 22, 2013.
The Background Facts
The Staff Pension Plan for Employees of Pathways to Independence (hereafter
“the Plan”) was created effective September 17, 1990 through a transfer of assets
and past service liabilities from the Public Service Pension Plan. It was a defined
benefit plan covering both unionized and non-unionized employees. In 1997,
Amendment No. 5 was adopted to permit enhanced terms for the Executive
Director as a separate employee class. It was referred to as Supplement Number
1. The Executive Director was granted non-contributory status and enhanced
early retirement benefits.
On April 1, 2009, the parties entered into a new collective agreement. They
agreed, among other things, to investigate the feasibility and viability of
transferring the Plan to the OPSEU Pension Trust. It is fair to say that there was a
solvency crisis. Indeed, the very future of the pension plan was in question. The
employer wished to take advantage of solvency funding relief provided for
under applicable regulations introduced by the provincial government in June
2009. As the employer noted in its first written proposal to the union: “The
Pathways pension plan is in crisis.” In addition, there were outstanding FSCO
complaints regarding the enrolment of part-time employees in the Plan. The
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parties entered into negotiations. Legal counsel and actuaries were engaged.
Proposals were exchanged.
In January 2010, after some months of discussions, the union proposed and the
parties agreed, to joint sponsorship and governance of the Plan. In the result, the
parties decided to implement a Jointly Sponsored Pension Plan. Various written
documents were exchanged and a final agreement executed on April 28, 2011 A
“New Pension Plan” was created by the Memorandum of Agreement
Establishing Joint Governance of the Staff Pension Plan for Employees of
Pathways to Independence (“the Memorandum of Agreement”). The New
Pension Plan was filed with FSCO. After filing, Standard Life began the process
of preparing a valuation report. This report identified enhanced retirement
benefits for the Executive Director. In due course, the union filed a grievance:
“The Union grieves that the Employer has failed to abide by the settlement
reached between the parties on April 28, 2011 regarding the pension plan, by not
ensuring that the Executive Director’s early retirement provisions are contingent
like every other member of the pension plan….” This is the dispute that has
proceeded to a hearing.
Submissions
In the union’s view, while there might have been an administrative or clerical
oversight, there was no dispute about what had occurred from a legal
perspective. Article 3.5 of the Memorandum of Agreement provided:
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Following execution of this Agreement, the Plan shall be amended by the Employer such
that it contains the following provisions:
….
(e) The automatic nature of the unreduced early retirement benefit provided in the Plan
as of the date of this Agreement shall be terminated effective April 30, 2013 and replaced
by a contingent benefit….
….
(f) Effective May 1, 2013:
…
(ii) Any member of the plan whose continuous employment has not ceased and who is
eligible to retire under the terms of the Plan may apply to the Committee within the time
frames specified by the Committee, for an unreduced early retirement pension (“UER
pension”), provided he or she meets the applicable eligibility requirements for an
unreduced early retirement pension specified in the Plan text. Any application for an
UER pension shall be approved if the additional liability to the Plan from the granting of
the UER pension to all applicants in the year can be financed by application of the Early
Retirement Reserve. If in a year the Early Retirement Reserve does not contain sufficient
assets to support the granting of the UER pensions to the applicants, the Committee,
may in its discretion, grant a special early retirement pension to the applicants that is not
unreduced but provides for a reduction that is less that (sic) the reduction described in
(iv), subject to all other terms of paragraph 3.5(f).
Union counsel took the position that this provision effectively eliminated
Supplement Number 1. The Memorandum of Agreement amending the Plan and
creating the New Pension Plan could not be more clear. It applied to “any
member” and that included the Executive Director. While the Executive Director,
at one point, enjoyed preferential treatment, in the transition from an employer-
run to a jointly governed pension plan, the special treatment, which previously
included no obligation to make contributions, came to an end. So too did
enhanced early retirement opportunities. Had the parties wished to carve out
continued special treatment for the Executive Director, they could have easily
done so. “Any member” was completely inconsistent with the Executive Director
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retaining preferential treatment. Article 6.1 of the Memorandum of Agreement
was an entire agreement provision and it was axiomatic that a specific provision
like Article 3.5 amended the entire Plan. A number of authorities were advanced
in support of these submissions. Accordingly, and for all of these reasons, the
union asked that the grievance be allowed and that an appropriate declaration
issued.
For its part, the employer took the position that both parties were well-
represented by legal counsel and actuaries. Various drafts were exchanged and
numerous discussions held. Had the parties wished to eliminate Supplement
Number 1, they had ample opportunity in which to do so. Significantly, while
other changes were made, no changes were made to the early retirement
entitlements of the Executive Director. In the same way that specific language is
required to confer a financial benefit, equally specific language was required to
eliminate one. Moreover, given the overall regulatory framework providing for
notification of entitlement changes – and no such notice was given in this case to
the Executive Director – the conclusion was inescapable that Supplement
Number 1 remained in full force and effect. The employer asked for a declaration
to that effect.
Decision
Having carefully considered the evidence and arguments of the parties, I am of
the view that the grievance must be allowed. The language of Article 3.5 of the
Memorandum of Agreement is clear. It applies to “any member” and that means
it also applies to the Executive Director. It then imposes limitations on early
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retirement. The reason that it does so is obvious. The Plan, as the employer
openly acknowledged, was in crisis. Its very future was in doubt. The decision
was ultimately made to transition to a jointly governed plan. As part of that
transition, membership contributions, as the Memorandum of Agreement makes
clear, dramatically increased. The Executive Director, who previously was a non-
contributing member, was required to start contributing. It is completely
inconceivable, from a collective bargaining standpoint, that OPSEU members,
who form the overwhelming majority of members of the Plan, and the New
Pension Plan, would ever agree to shoulder increased contributions to meet a
multi-million dollar deficit and would also agree to changes that saw their future
benefits lowered, and would do so while the Executive Director, at their expense,
continued to enjoy unfettered access to early retirement. The situation was self-
evidently different when the employer was the sole plan sponsor.
While it might have been preferable, advisable, even arguably a best practice, to
make it even more clear that the Supplement Number 1 was being eliminated,
there was no actual need to do so given the clear and overriding language of
Article 3.5. The Executive Director is a member like every other member and that
provision applies equally to every member. By necessary implication it nullifies
Supplement Number 1. The fact that Supplement Number 1 continued
unchanged in the text from one iteration to another to the final draft as the
details were being hammered out is, given the language of the Memorandum of
Agreement, and its clear and unambiguous intention, of neither legal nor factual
significance.
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It may very well be that there are contractual and other obligations to the
Executive Director. That obviously is not a matter between these parties. There
may equally be regulatory compliance issues such as notification that arise as a
result of this award. Accordingly, it is therefore appropriate to allow the
grievance and to remit to the parties the implementation of my declaration.
Should they encounter any difficulties, they can bring that issue back before me.
DATED at Toronto this 28th day of May 2013.
“William Kaplan”
____________________________________________
William Kaplan, Sole Arbitrator