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HomeMy WebLinkAboutRickard 14-06-25IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION BETWEEN: ONTARIO PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYEES UNION, LOCAL 557 CANADORE COLLEGE ( the "Union") (the "College") AND IN THE MATTER OF THE GRIEVANCE OF SYLVINA RZCKARD OPSEU $#201.2-0657-0006 (ACADEMIC) BOARD OF ARBITRATION APPEARANCES For the Union For the Employer Robert D. Howe, Chair Pierre Martin, Union Nominee Rock Foy, College Nominee Jane Letton, Counsel Sylvina Rickard Tom Hanrahan John Patterson Wallace Kenny, Counsel Susan Pratt Lisa McCool-Philbin A hearing in the above matter was held in North Bay, Ontario, on September 18, 2013, and on April 2 and 3, and May 8, 2014. On November 1, 2012, a grievance containing the following information was filed with the College by Sylvina Rickard (the "Grievor"): STATEMENT OF GRIEVANCE I grieve that the college has violated specifically, but not exclusively, Articles 4 and 6 of the College Agreement and the Ontario Human Rights Code in that it has not addressed my concerns regarding bullying and harassing behaviour directed towards myself by a senior manager at the college. I feel that this unwanted and unwarranted behaviour has been directed at me because of my status as a First Nations person. This continued behaviour led me to tender my resignation from the college as of December 31/2012. As a result, the college has removed me from my classroom duties. Moreover, I see the removal of my teaching duties as further harassing behaviour with the intent to humiliate me and attack my professional reputation and human dignity. SETTLEMENT DESIRED That the college immediately reinstate me to all of my classroom duties. That the college cease and desist form all harassing and bullying behaviours. That the college provide me with a written letter of apology. That the college rescind my letter of resignation. That the college compensate me for the undue stress and suffering that this situation has caused me. During her opening statement, Union counsel advised the Board that reinstatement was no longer being requested. The Grievor's request for rescission of her letter of resignation was also not pursued in these proceedings. However, in addition to a letter of apology and a direction that the College cease and desist from all harassing and bullying behaviours, damages and compensation in the amount of 1 $50,000 plus three years' salary were sought on behalf of the Griever. Facts The Grievor is a Registered Nurse who has also been trained as a Nurse Practitioner. She chose to become a nurse because she felt there was a need in her community as First Nations people had a lot of very preventable health issues, and because she felt that she could be a role model. She was originally from Moose Factory. Although there were locally trained First Nations nurses at the hospital at which she wanted to work, she chose to go south to experience diverse populations. After graduating from the College with a nursing diploma, she obtained a Bachelor of Science in Nursing from Laurentian University and then a certificate as a primary health care Nurse Practitioner from Queen's University. After teaching a nursing course at the College as a sessional instructor during the spring of 2011, the Grievor applied unsuccessfully for a position as a clinical instructor, having previously worked one term for Nipissing University as a clinical instructor in a community placement. However, she was subsequently contacted by Lisa McCool-Philbin, the College's Dean of Health Sciences, Human Care and Wellness (the "Dean"), who offered her a position (for which she had not applied) as a full-time nursing professor commencing in mid August of 2011. The Dean has been with the College since October of 2006, and has approximately a hundred full-time and part-time staff reporting to her. I In describing the courses that the Grievor would be teaching, the Dean told her that the College was planning to implement a cultural safety course to create student awareness of First Nations culture, that she was very excited about the course, and that she wanted the Grievor to teach it. The Dean told the Board that she also wanted to hire the Grievor for that position because she thought it would be a good idea to have a First Nations professor teaching in the College's nursing program, which has many aboriginal students. It was the Grievor's evidence that when she asked about the salary for the position, before giving her a figure the Dean said "You don't pay taxes, right?", to which she replied that she was offended by her comment and that she did pay taxes because she was employed off the reserve. The Grievor told the Board that this offended her "because the general population believes that First Nations people get everything for free and we don't pay taxes for employment but that's not true, and I was offended that this comment came from an educated employee at Canadore College who is spearheading a cultural safety course". The initial salary offered to the Grievor was about $62,000. However, when the Grievor expressed dissatisfaction with that amount, the Dean undertook to discuss it with Human Resources based on the Griever's education and experience. Through that discussion, the Dean managed to obtain an additional $5,000 for the Grievor, who then accepted the position. (The Grievor's salary subsequently rose to 3 approximately $69,000 in the fall of 2011, as a result of a negotiated increase.) The Dean's recollection is that when she offered the Grievor the final salary amount, she asked the Grievor if she lived on the reserve or in town because she "thought that if she didn't pay taxes, her take-home pay would be more". She raised that matter because she really wanted the Grievor to work at the College and was attempting to persuade her to accept the position. The Dean did not mean any offence by that question, and has no recollection of the Grievor indicating that she was offended by it in any way until many months later, when the Dean met with her and a local Union official to discuss student complaints about the Grievor. Although the Grievor was offended by the Dean's reference to her taxation status because she felt that the Dean was stereotyping her, she acknowledged in cross-examination that the Dean hired her, obtained a higher salary for her than was initially being offered by the College, was very enthusiastic about the cultural safety course, and "bragged about how good it was to have [the Grievor] employed by the College". During cross-examination, she also told the Board: At the beginning of my employment [the Dean] and my relationship was respectful and we got along. As my employment progressed, there was deterioration in my employment and my relationship with her. Initially she was happy but then our relationship took a turn when I had confronted her about the students going directly to her, not following the lines of communication, and not providing me with the details of the perceived issues. During the fall of 2011, the Grievor was only .19 assigned to teach one course, because it was her first term as a professor. The course which she taught was Nursing Practice Two (PNE 128), which teaches students nursing skills such as dressing changes, catheter insertion, administration of medication, and documentation. A number of the students in that course had issues with the manner in which the Grievor was teaching it. In early November of 2011, Dave Morrissette, who is the Coordinator of the College's nursing program, had a hallway discussion with the Grievor in which he indicated that he had received some student complaints about her. When she indicated that she needed to have the complaints in writing, he advised her that he would have to get student consent before providing them to her. After speaking with the Dean and obtaining student consent, he emailed the Grievor a list of complaints on November 8, 2011, but omitted the student's name, as requested by the student who had compiled the list by talking to students in the course to obtain examples of the situations that were arising. The eleven examples on the list include allegations that the Grievor failed to fulfill her responsibility to ensure that class content was accessible to the students in a timely manner, that she continually lectured students about not being prepared yet was never prepared herself, that she did not know how to address a group of people, and that she put students on the defensive by talking at them rather than to them. In her testimony in these proceedings, the Dean indicated that this list was a 5 reasonable summary of the complaints that were coming to her from the Grievor's students in the fall of 2011. The list concluded with the following request to Mr. Morrissette: If you could just give us some direction on what to do because we are all feeling really frusterated [sic]. We don't want to approach her because we are far too intimidated and i [sic] feel it is impacting our learning extremely. The Grievor acknowledged in cross-examination that if that was the perception of students in her class, that would be of significant concern to her. However, she also acknowledged that her emailed response to Mr. Morrissette does not reflect any such concern. In that response, she expressed disappointment that Mr. Morrissette had not referred the student directly to her so that a collaborative solution could be achieved, and indicated that she did not believe that the Dean needed to be involved in the process unless there was no resolution. She characterised the list as "a lengthy list of questionable concerns not validated by a signature", and also wrote as follows: In a discipline where we stress professionalism, I think it's important that we role model these behaviours. Constructive criticism cannot be achieved by the student or myself if the normal process is not followed. I feel that this student or students have manipulated the system and faculty which ultimately creates conflict amongst us. What I have noted from these "concerns" are a handful of disgruntled students who are nit-picking apart my teaching methods. I would like to add "lines of communication" and "complaint process" to the next full faculty meeting agenda. 6 In her testimony in chief concerning the first paragraph in that quotation from her emailed response, she expressed the view that the complaining students "were being enabled to act unprofessionally by Lisa and Dave", and that "essentially they were holding their hands and were already biased" The Grievor testified that nursing students are expected to have a math level competency of eighty percent for drug calculation. When some of her students came to her to express anxiety about meeting that requirement, she instructed them to seek tutoring and also developed a practice test. Since there was not enough time available to permit the test to be administered during class, the Griever permitted her students to take the test in a testing centre at their convenience, over a specified period of time. The Griever also testified that because the nursing profession has a high standard of professionalism, it was her expectation that students could communicate effectively with each other and the faculty, and that they would come to her and speak directly to her if there was a "perceived issue", but found that this was "not the case". When she was asked (in direct examination) how that was "not the case", her response was: Students would not come to me when there was a perceived issue. At times they discussed their perceived issues with the lab staff, amongst themselves, with my colleagues, and eventually with Lisa [McCool-Philbin] . Her evidence regarding what she characterised as "perceived 7 issues" also included the following testimony: I heard about the perceived issues from Lisa. I guess what really brought out a lot of perceived issues was the math test.... Apparently students went to Lisa and indicated there were a couple of typos on the test. I agreed to meet with Lisa to discuss the perceived issues and the math test. The Grievor met with the Dean on November 24, 2011, to discuss concerns which had been raised by her students. That meeting was initially pleasant but became rather heated while they were discussing the math test and the Dean's recommendations on how to teach math, as they both became very frustrated. The Grievor testified that the Dean "opened up her statement about how to teach math" by making the comment, "It's not because you're First Nations". In describing her reaction to that statement, the Grievor told the Board: I was confused why she would even mention that. I didn't understand what that had to do with math or the perceived issues. In my mind, if those were not about my grades, then why even mention it. In her testimony regarding that meeting, the Dean provided the following explanation for making that comment: I remember the conversation. I was trying to review the student complaints. I was frustrated because Sylvina was blaming the students. I did make the comment that this was not about her being aboriginal as the students were frustrated because she was telling them that she was different in terms of teaching because she was an aboriginal professor. I then tried to give her some strategies around teaching the dosage calculation formulas. T used my hands because I was advising her to teach it incrementally, step by step, and to ensure that she checked for understanding. I also asked her to ensure the students had an opportunity to rewrite the test as her questions were 0 wrong and the students knew that. I believe she believed it was the students' fault [and that] they were disgruntled, nit-picking, immature and irresponsible. I advised her that it was her responsibility to ensure the students understood the concepts. That the Dean's comment was responsive to statements which the Grievor had made to students is confirmed by the fact that the Grievor told students in her class that she taught things differently because she was a First Nations person. when this was put to the Grievor during cross-examination, her response was "not during every class". Implicit in that response is an acknowledgement that she had made statements to that effect in some of her classes. The Grievor testified that during this meeting, the Dean became upset and made hand gestures. It was also her evidence that the Dean's tone and facial expressions changed. The discussion became particularly heated when the Grievor, in refusing to accept the Dean's recommendation that she work her students up incrementally to achieve the eighty percent level of competency, "insisted that it was inappropriate given the time frame". This prompted the Dean to try to reiterate her Point more forcefully. The Grievor also refused to accept the Dean's recommendation that she make changes to the math test because she felt it was "unethical of her to expect me to make changes to a math test when students were still writing the test [and when] I didn't know how many students had failed that math test yet"_ The Grievor's refusal to accept the 9 suggestions being offered was a source of frustration for the Dean, who was attempting to assist the Grievor to become a more effective teacher_ The Grievor told the Board that she felt threatened by the Dean's tone and hand gestures, and that she left the meeting feeling frustrated and humiliated. She subsequently went to Human Resources and spoke with Susan Pratt, the College's Senior Human Resources Consultant, about the Dean's aforementioned comment that "It's not because you're First Nations" and her earlier mention of taxation. Ms. Pratt suggested that the Grievor could either put in a formal complaint or go back to the Dean to make an attempt to resolve the issues. The Grievor decided to take the latter approach. When the Dean asked the Grievor during the November 24th meeting if she would like to have a mentor or support person, the Grievor indicated that she would like to receive support from Peggy Morrison, who was another full-time nursing professor and also a local Union official. Accordingly, the Dean contacted Ms. Morrison and arranged for her to meet with the Grievor. After they had discussed the situation, the Grievor and Ms. Morrison had a meeting with the Dean on December 6, 2011. At the beginning of that meeting, the Grievor told the Dean that she did not appreciate the Dean's reference to her ethnicity during their November 24th meeting, and that she had also been offended by the Dean's earlier reference to her taxation status. The Dean responded by telling the Grievor that it was not her intent to offend her, 10 and that if the Grievor wanted to have a fuller discussion she would call Human Resources down. The Grievor said that would not be necessary because Human Resources already knew about her concerns. She also said that she wanted to "turn the page" and move forward. Accordingly, the Dean thought that the Grievor's concerns were resolved. The validity of that view was confirmed by the Grievor's own evidence that, having informally aired her concerns, she left that meeting wanting to move forward from that point. She did not raise either of those issues again until she filed the grievance which gave rise to these proceedings. During the December 5th meeting, the Dean suggested that the Grievor and Ms. Morrison work together and meet with the Grievor's students to resolve all outstanding issues. Both the Grievor and Ms. Morrison agreed with that suggestion but their conflicting timetables precluded them from scheduling the classroom discussion until December 14th. During that class, student concerns were raised about a number of matters including new software which had been introduced at the College, staff turnover, a strike which had occurred during that term, and the amount of theory that students were expected to learn in a short time frame. There was also a discussion regarding conflict resolution and appropriate ways of addressing concerns. Although the Grievor felt that the session went well, only about half of the students enrolled in her section of the course attended that class, and the students who had previously raised the "perceived issues" were 11 not there. During cross-examination the Grievor gave the following testimony concerning the issues that were being raised by her students and concerning who bore responsibility for those issues: Q. Did you feel at this point that you were able to put those issues with the students behind you as a result of this meeting? A. I can only speak on behalf of myself. I believe these issues were acknowledged. Were they resolved? Perhaps not, but I certainly had more information of where the issues stemmed from. It was not exclusively because of me. Q. But did you have something to do with it? Was it partially your responsibility for the problems the class had? A. It is possible. Q. What would be the problem? A. Today's students are very privileged. There's a sense of entitlement. They lack communication skills to speak face to face with anybody, not just professors. They live in a virtual world where texting and emailing is their everyday life. I can't be responsible for students who lack the very basic skills in communication and conflict resolution. The expectation of the College is that they would have some ability to speak to people. In early February of 2012, while walking by the Grievor's office the Dean popped in and asked her how she was doing. The Grievor said that she was very frustrated and had left the class because the students did not bring their textbooks. After making some suggestions regarding how the Grievor could handle the situation, the Dean encouraged her to go back to her classroom to deal with it. After doing so, the Grievor sent the Dean the following email on February 9, 2012: 12 Hi Lisa First off, thanks for coming and taking the time to come by and assess the situation that occurred in class. I do apologize. I did go back to class and apologize for allowing my frustration to become too apparent. I continued with instruction. At the end of class, 1 tactfully gave them a little blurb on the appropriate lines of communication. This must have had a profound effect because the student, Andrea came to my office and apologized and admitted to making a complaint directly to you. Anyway, I was receptive to her apology. She accepted my apology and I think it was a learning experience for all. She did express a deeper appreciation for my role and the importance for accountability in this profession. So it's all good. Tomorrow is another day! Sylvina After receiving that email, the Dean thought that her relationship with the Griever was on an even keel. A few days later, the Grievor heard that her mother was dying and requested bereavement leave from Thursday February 16th until Tuesday February 21st. That request was granted by the Dean. Although the Grievor believed that her mother would pass away while she was in Moose Factory on that leave, this did not occur. When her mother passed away after the Grievor had left Moose Factory, the Grievor did not seek any additional time off work to return to Moose Factory to attend her mother's funeral because she had exhausted her entitlement to bereavement leave under the collective agreement (the "Agreement") and because she, along with dozens of other professors, had received the following email which 13 was sent to them by Deans' Office Coordinator Lyse Rocheleau, on behalf of the Dean: Subject: Cultural Safety; Day 1 & IPE; Day 2 When: Tuesday, February 28, 2012 8:30 AM to Thursday, March 01, 2012 4:00 PM This invitation is mandatory for the Health Science, BScN and Human Service Departments, and an OPTIONAL invitation to attend is extended to Social Sciences and Counselling Office areas. The Griever attended that training session and during a morning break was approached by the Dean, who thought she would be up north with her family and was consequently surprised to see her. After confirming with the Grievor that her mother had passed away, the Dean asked her why she was there. The Grievor responded that she was there because she had been told (through that email) to be there and because she had not been told that she could go to her mother's funeral. Although the Grievor had exhausted her entitlement to bereavement leave under the Agreement, if she had requested additional leave the Dean would have granted it. When she was asked (in cross-examination) why she did not call the Grievor and offer additional leave to her, she noted that she has over a hundred people reporting to her and that people typically ask her for leave of absence if they need it. By the time the Grievor left that training session, it was too late for her to go to her mother's funeral. She testified that the travel time to Moose Factory depends on the time of departure from North Pay, with the shortest time being 14 about ten hours if one leaves North Bay at 4:00 a.m. and drives to Cochrane to get the train from there to Moosonee. Flying to Moosonee was not an option because it would have cost in excess of $1500 for each of the six people who would have been going. The Grievor greatly laments having missed her mother's First Nations funeral ceremony and the opportunity it would have given her to obtain closure. The College's cultural safety course was developed during the spring and summer of 2012. The lead on the development of that course was assigned to Mary Wabano, a First Nations person who is the Director of College's First Peoples' Centre, which is a resource centre where First Nations students can access support. The professors who worked on the development of the course, and who were each going to be teaching it, were the Grievor, Randy Sawyer, and Peter Beaucage. Mr. Sawyer and Mr. Beaucage are also First Nations persons who report to the Dean. They are both longstanding faculty members who have been with the College for over twenty years. As indicated above, the Dean was very excited about the College's plan to implement a cultural safety course to create student awareness of First Nations culture. During her cross-examination by Union counsel, she acknowledged that she recognized the need for both First Nations students and other students to be educated about First Nations culture and history because many students lack knowledge about it, and because learning about it would hopefully make them more 15 competent in interacting with First Nations people. She also acknowledged that there are many negative stereotypes in Canadian society about First Nations people. The College's cultural safety course was developed on the basis of five competencies that came out of an Aboriginal Nurses Association of Canada conference. It was also the Grievor's understanding that the course was intended to teach students about First Nations issues, including historical events, differences between Western culture and First Nations culture, and myths about First Nations people. Although the Dean initially told the Grievor that the course would commence in January of 2013, the start date was later changed to September of 2012. This change was of concern to the Grievor, as she was of the view that it did not allow enough time to prepare a quality course that maintained academic integrity for the students. The Grievor was also initially told that she would be teaching the course exclusively to nursing students, but the scope of the course was subsequently expanded to also make it a mandatory general education course for dental hygienist students and environmental students. When the Grievor began teaching the cultural safety course in the fall of 2012, she felt unprepared. She found the design of the room in which she was assigned to teach the course to be unsatisfactory in that it had round tables at which some of the students faced away from her while she was teaching. She was also dissatisfied with the lateness of the time of day (5:00 p.m.) at which the course was scheduled to begin. On September 12, 2012, Jeremy St. Onge, who is the Coordinator of the College's Environmental Technician and Environmental Management Programs, wrote the following letter to the Dean: Hi Lisa, I'm fielding complaints from 1st -year students about CLT100, and this is the issue: One section has Sylvina Rickard, and one section has Randy Sawyer. The section with Sylvina is grouped with respiratory and nursing students; Sylvina is "teaching to the nursing students" and is using a lot of medical terminology that the environmental students do not know. In addition, she is requiring them to purchase a $50 medical textbook for terminology. In contrast, Randy's section does not have to purchase this book and does not deal in medical terminology_ Because there is such a big discrepancy between the two sections, although it is the same course, Sylvina's students are very angry about the additional textbook purchase and having to learn terminology outside their comfort zone. I'd like to be able to resolve this for the students, and am available outside of my Scheduled class all week if you get a chance to discuss this or update the situation for me. Thanks, Jeremy Receiving that letter prompted the Dean to send the following email to Ms. Wabano, the Grievor, and Mr. Sawyer: Subject; FW: Complaints re: CLT100 Hello Everyone; could you verify for me what texts are required and why they may not be the same for both sections since there is one outline. Given there is a mix of students from Health and Human Services, is the course program specific? Thank you for any information you can share for faculty_ Lisa 17 On the following day, the Grievor emailed the following response to the Dean: For my class I am using 1) The Healthcare Professional's Guide to Clinical Competence and 2) First Nation Peoples. I understood that as a faculty member I can select the appropriate text books that contain academic integrity in order to achieve the deliverables. Has this changed and not been communicated to me? I am a bit confused. In response to the complaints in question. I can appreciate the Environmental group concern for being placed in a section that may not pertain to their field of study. I was upfront with the entire group regarding the first resource since they may find it a bit difficult to understand some of the relevancy with their respective programs. On another note, I did have an interesting response to one student in particular whom I believe is responsible for this questionable complaint. The student blatantly vocalized her ignorance by sharing with the class that First Nation people are responsible for the high rates of suicides in reserves. After her comments, this student expressed fear of reprisal from the students in her Environmental Group since everyone didn't share the same sentiment. I conveyed to her, this course would benefit her most of all since she lacked the understanding, education and history to make such a shallow comment. When I accepted this role, I knew I had to contend with some very uneducated people regarding First Nation issues. That was a challenge I was willing to take on. Now when we examine the relevancy to the Environmental group, I believe it absolutely does affect and will benefit them since they could potentially be negotiating with First Nation's Land Claims and other natural resources that exist in Traditional Territories. Also, I don't believe that one student is truly representative of the entire group since I had an opportunity to sit and chat with other students in the Environmental group who were motivated to learn the content As a First Nation faculty member, I have conformed to the culture of this college and set my own beliefs aside to make accommodations. It is time for everyone to do the same by making it a priority to engage in effective collaboration and communication so we can achieve our goals. 18 The Grievor gave the Board the following explanation of why she wrote the last paragraph of that email: Because it was the College's and Lisa's expectation that I adhere to the policy and learning outcome of the courses that I taught. I did not always agree with them. I did not always agree with the ethical positions or position I was placed in. As being the only First Nations faculty, I didn't have a strong voice in the nursing department. When I conveyed my concerns about the course, I feel that Lisa was unsupportive and that she was very ignorant of our concept of time from a First Nations perspective. Our time concept is traditionally on harvesting practices and seasons. We're not slaves to time and the clock. So I think that's very hard for people of Western culture to understand, and in the time frame she wanted this course delivered it was just very unreasonable to get a quality course to the students. On September 27, 2012, the Dean sent the Griever the following email: Hello there; I am redirecting a student back to you to discuss her concerns. Please be sure you hear the complaints with respect and openness. I would appreciate it. Thank you. The Griever's reply asked "Who is the student?" to which the Dean responded: "Let's see if she comes to see you first. She said to Lyse you told the class not to go to the Dean's office with complaints. Lyse told her I would not see her until she went to see you first." This in turn generated the following response from the Grievor: I did articulate the lines of communication at the beginning of the term. Even after clearly articulating the lines of communication I should not assume that all students would behave like adults. I had anticipated this student would be upset after I questioned her priorities when she told me in front of a whole row of students, "I am leaving after the test to study for A&P [Anatomy and Physiology] because it's more important than sitting in this class" Thank you for your referral. 19 The Griever's statement that she "should not assume that all students would behave like adults" was a cause of concern for the Dean, as it indicated that the Grievor was "again blaming the students". The Grievor had a rule in all of her classes that students not use their tablets or electronic devices while she was teaching the class, out of respect for her role and their fellow students. She also had a rule that if she caught one of them on their cell phone texting, watching videos, or on facebook, the student would be required to teach part of the class the following week. When the Grievor confronted a student named Meagan Birtch who was using her cellphone during one of the Grievor's classes, Ms. Birtch told her that she was waiting for a call from her Dad because her son was sick. However, one of the Grievor's other rules was that if a student was expecting an important phone call, the student had to let the Grievor know at the beginning of the class so that the student could take the call in the hallway. Since Ms. Birtch had not complied with that rule, the Grievor told her that she would have to teach part of the class the following week. Ms. Birtch did not like that penalty, but when the Grievor tried to approach her in the hallway after that class, she told her that she had to get her son off the bus and walked away from her. Ms. Birtch subsequently expressed her dissatisfaction to the Dean. Students also raised a number of other complaints about the Grievor during the fall of 2012. Students were not 20 only going to the Dean to complain; they were also going to the President's office and to the Vice -President's office. Consequently, the Dean was eager to meet with the Griever to discuss and resolve those complaints. Accordingly, on Monday October 1, 2012, she ,sent the following email to the Grievor: Subject: student complaints Hello Sylvina; could you give me some times this week to review for me some of the issues that are coming into my office with respect to students. Additionally, I would like for you and I to meet with Meagan Birtch on Friday at 9:00. I understand from her that she is to teach an entire class on Hygiene this week? Please clarify for me the expectation for her next class. Thank you, Lisa On the following day, the Grievor sent the following reply: Lisa I have not spoken to this student since last week and even when I attempted to speak to her she told me she had to attend to a personal matter. Sylvina Since that reply was non-responsive to the Dean's requests, she sent another email to the Grievor three minutes later, in which she wrote: "Hello Sylvina; I would like to talk to you; what is a good time this week?" The Grievor did not respond to that email and did not meet with the Dean. and Ms. Birtch as previously requested by the Dean. (Ms. Birtch did not teach any or all of the next class as she was sick that week.) On Wednesday October 3, 2012, Ms. Rocheleau sent the following email to the Grievor on behalf of the Dean: "I Subject: Program Discussion When: Friday, October 5, 2012 2:30 PM-3:OOPM Where: 0222 Importance: High Good Day Sylvina, After having reviewed your class schedule it appears that this is the best time to book an appointment for you and Lisa. The Griever emailed the following reply to the Dean on Thursday October 4, 2012 at 9:41 a.m.: I am leaving to [go] out of town tomorrow after I meet with my students. And I do want to see you too_ T have some important things to discuss with you. The Dean immediately responded to that email as follows: "Hi there; we need to meet before you leave tomorrow. Please give me a time in which we sit and review the student issues. Much appreciated, Lisa". At 12:53 p.m. that day the Grievor emailed the following reply: We have a faculty meeting today at 1:00 p.m. and I have just returned from a meeting with a student and a preceptor. Could you please give me some details regarding these "student issues"? At 12:57 p.m. the Dean emailed the following response: Hi there; yes I want to discuss their feelings of embarrassment and fear of asking questions. I also want to touch base about resources for the course. I am thinking you might want to have a course pack instead of a nursing text purchase. I still have you down for 2:30 tomorrow so I will see you then and we can chat more. The Grievor did not reply to that email and went out of town on Friday afternoon as previously planned, without meeting with the Dean. When she testified in these proceedings, she was unable to recall why she went out of town that day. 22 The explanation that the Grievor provided to the Board regarding why she did not comply with the Dean's repeated requests to meet with her was that she was attempting to arrange for a Union representative to attend with her because she felt "threatened and unsafe being in a room alone with Lisa" and "felt harassed by here due to what she had previously experienced with the Dean during their aforementioned meeting on November 24, 2011, which she characterised as "bi-polar behaviour" and "threatening behaviour". Some evidence was also adduced regarding a misunderstanding which arose in October of 2012 between the Grievor and Clinical Technologist Patti Burke. However, it is unnecessary to refer to that evidence in this award, as it is not of assistance in deciding this matter. On October 12, the Dean sent the following letter to the Grievor: I have attempted to meet with you on several occasions since October 1, 2012. The times I have scheduled appointments for us to meet have been when you are not conducting classes and yet you have refused to attend the meetings. The purpose of the meeting is to discuss the number of student concerns from both your nursing theory class and the cuitural safety course. Faculty and the Coordinators have also received complaints and have directed the students back to you, in order for you to address their concerns either individually or as a class. Both the VPA and the President's office have also received complaints and have redirected the students to myself so that I may provide you with support on how to address their concerns. The students have expressed feeling embarrassed, 23 humiliated and singled out. They also state they are concerned about complaining formally and then experiencing repercussions in class. Please provide me with a written plan and timelines for addressing these concerns by October 19, 2012. As well, we will meet on October 22, 2012 to review your plan so I may be of assistance with any additional resources you may require. On October 12, 2012, the Grievor sent the Dean the following response to that letter: I've indicated to you via email on October 4, 2012 that I was unable to meet with you due to conflicting schedules. In my email to you on October 4, 2102 Isic] I also stated that due to the mounting concerns you were bringing to my attention (attached as a separate email) I thought it best to set up a meeting with Tom Hanrahan my Faculty Steward and request that he attend our scheduled meeting. Unfortunately, it took a few days for Tom and I to get together. I have since been able to discuss with Tom my concerns and he is willing to attend the meeting with me_ It is important that we meet to discuss your concerns and share our perceptions. I am also looking forward to discussing and developing a plan to resolve any and all outstanding issues. It is essential that faculty and administration model effective communication with one another and with our students. I am concerned that on several occasions I have requested specific information to facilitate a resolution with students who were coming directly to you with issues. I was not aware that students had "issues" in the classroom and had I been made aware of whom these individuals were, I would certainly have ensured that T addressed their concerns on an individual basis and in a timely manner. As a faculty member, effective classroom management is critical to ensuring that all students receive quality instruction that achieve [sic] the learning outcomes in their field of study. It is extremely important to me to maintain open dialogue with all my students. After all, we are preparing future professionals who will require essential communications skills. We must model these skills. It is my desire to resolve the "issues" that you have acknowledged in your communications. However, I can address them most effectively and appropriately only if I am given more information. Please refer to our email exchange of October 4, 2012. I am quite amenable to 24 discussing and implementing solutions that with your support will resolve existent student issues. It was my understanding, in speaking with faculty, that when students have concerns with a course or their professor, the process is that students should first approach the faculty member to address the issue and find a resolution. If a resolution is not achieved, a the [sic] student might approach the Program Coordinator who would facilitate a solution. Should a resolution still not be found, then the issue is appropriately brought forward to the Dean. In each of these instances you referenced in your emails, I was not made aware of any issues by the students you refer to, nor was there any feedback from my Coordinator. Is [sic] seems that students were going directly to you. This is why I requested specific information from you to facilitate a resolution. I am still not aware of whom the students are and to what course you refer to. In closing, I look forward to our discussion as well as the development of a clear plan as to how we will work together to ensure quality and a safe learning environment for all of our students. I am requesting that you forward me an agenda for this meeting. I am proposing that we meet on October 24 at 1000. Please confirm via email. Finally, I am requesting that Tom Hanrahan and Marguerite Donahue, VPA attend our meeting. I am copying them on this email. During her evidence in chief in these proceedings, the Griever also made the following comments about the student complaints and concerns referred to in the Dean's letter: I am a very direct person. That comes from working in the emergency department [and] also from my culture. I believe the students were not accustomed to speaking with my type of personality. I think that stems from: (1) they were intimidated by me because of my rank in the nursing profession and (2) they had never or rarely encountered aboriginal faculty. On Monday October 22, 2012, the Dean sent the following email to the Grievor at 12:33 p.m.: Hello Sylvina; just a reminder that on Friday I set a date for us to meet at 4:00 o'clock today as you declined to attend the original meeting set for 2:30. You subsequently set a meeting for 10:00 which I declined as I have a number of Promotion Meetings this 25 week including 10:00 this morning. Please advise you are attending today_ Much appreciated, Lisa The Griever did not meet with the Dean on October 22 nor did she respond to that email until the following morning, when she wrote: "I apologize. I have just opened these emails this morning. I would very much appreciate an agenda." Later that day, the Dean responded as follows: Hello Sylvina; the following items will be discussed on Wednesday: 1. Plan for resolution of student complaints 2. Communication during 44 - hour work week (timely responses to all e-mails and meeting requests, and attendance at meetings with the Dean) Hope this helps. See you on Wednesday. Lisa The Griever did not reply to that email until 12:30 p.m. on Wednesday October 24th, when she sent the following email to the Dean: I am confused why you had requested a meeting for Wednesday when you indicated in my discussion with you after our promotions meeting yesterday you had another commitment. I then suggested Thursday at noon in which you agreed. I had since spoken with my union reps to confirm this date. October 25th at noon. I have noted that my union rep and Marguerite were not invited to this meeting. I will not be in attendance because this is a new development for me and I am sure you can appreciate my confusion. I have every intention of working towards a resolution with you to ensure the best interest of the organization and all my students. Thank you for this agenda. At 3:10 that afternoon, the Griever sent the Dean another email advising her that she and Tom Hanrahan would be at her office the following day at noon, but the Dean sent the following response at 5:12 p.m.: "I will not be meeting with you and Tom tomorrow at noon in my office." 26 A meeting ultimately did take place on October 25th. The persons in attendance at that meeting were the Grievor, Mr. Hanrahan, the Dean, John Patterson (a Social Sciences Professor at the College, who is also a Union steward), Academic Vice -President Donahue, and Bruce Sutherland (from Human Resources)_ The Grievor gave the following evidence regarding that meeting during her examination in chief: Q. What happened in that meeting? A. We were discussing some of the reasons why the students felt some of the feelings they were feeling. I explained the reasons: partly their lack of ability to communicate with me, the cultural differences, the perceived power imbalance, and my attempt to rectify this earlier but wasn't given the particulars. Q. What was the outcome of the meeting? A. Basically they told me they would get back to me. They didn't give me any disciplinary action. There was no resolution in my mind, other than hearing my side of the story. On October 29, 2012, the Grievor handed in the following letter of resignation, which was addressed to Susan Pratt (the College's aforementioned Senior Human Resources Consultant) and copied to the Dean: Please accept this letter of resignation effective December 31, 2012. Thank you for this employment opportunity. The Grievor gave the Board the following explanation of why she submitted that resignation: [I resigned) because I didn't feel safe with Lisa not being supportive in my role, singling me out. I felt it was a poisoned atmosphere. I also felt that that meeting didn't resolve the issues of the perceived student complaints. It was not addressed as a meeting to resolve. Like it was about me and not the issues that Lisa consistently stressed in her emails. That 27 was not fair and open. We didn't really discuss issues. There were really no suggested solutions from the faculty and senior management. It was almost like a hearing, like I was on trial, because they didn't offer solutions. No one suggested how to resolve issues with students. It was more about they wanted to know why these complaints had started. I explained about my communication method - very direct. I guess some people would say I'm a "no bull shit" type of gal. Some people don't know how to receive people like that. Later that day, Ms. Pratt sent the following letter to the Grievor in response to her resignation: This letter confirms that the college accepts your letter of resignation delivered to Human Resources on October 29, 2012. As indicated in your letter, you will remain a full time employee until your resignation date of December 31, 2012. This letter also summarizes the issues that were discussed with you at your meeting with the college on October 25, 2012: The college received complaints from your students arising during the first half of the Fall 2012 semester. Students complained that they felt embarrassed, humiliated, belittled and singled out in your class. You did not take steps to address these complaints. - Over the month of October, Lisa tried several times to schedule meetings with you to talk about how to resolve these student complaints. Lisa specifically scheduled meetings with you when you did not have classes. Your refusal to meet with your Dean on several occasions amounts to insubordination. Accordingly, this letter is to inform you that you are being released from all of your college duties effective October 30, 2012. As such, you will not have access to any college resources effective that date (including email, course materials and your office). Please return all college property including any laptop and college keys to Security by October 30, 2012. You will remain on full pay and benefits until December 31, 2012. 28 As indicated above, the grievance which gave rise to these proceedings was filed on November 1, 2012. The College's Step 1 response to the grievance is set forth in the following letter dated November 13, 2012 from the Dean to the Griever: This letter confirms that the parties met at Step One of the grievance procedure on November 7, 2012. It is our understanding that your grievance claims that the college has violated the collective agreement by accepting your resignation letter and releasing you from your duties until your resignation date. The resignation letter delivered to Human Resources on Monday October 29, 2012 clearly and unequivocally indicated your intention to resign. The college notified you the next day that it had accepted your resignation. As such, your employment is deemed terminated per Article 27.03D(iii) effective on the date of your resignation. The decision to place you on a paid leave of absence and release you from your duties was a reasonable action taken by the college and within its rights and responsibility as outlined in Articles 6 and 4.02 A 7. This action was taken because of the college's concerns about your classroom performance as expressed to you in our October 25, 2012 meeting. Truthfully, your resignation letter pre-empted the college's decision that it would he in the best interests of all concerned that you be released from your probationary contract. Had you not resigned, the College was planning to give you written notice of your release. In these circumstances we think it appropriate that you be relieved of the remainder of your responsibilities pending your resignation date. Your grievance is therefore denied. Summary of Union Counsel Is Submissions in Chief The College has violated Articles 4 and 6 of the Agreement in the circumstances of this case. The Grievor's employment relationship began with an ignorant and hurtful comment by the Dean. Her comment about taxation was 29 paternalistic and offensive. It does not matter whether she intended it to be offensive or not, because that is not the test. The test is whether or not the comment in and of itself was offensive. The Dean also harassed the Grievor on November 24, 2011, when she made the comment, "It's not because you're First Nations". When she became aware in early 2012 that the Grievor's mother had passed away after the Grievor had exhausted her bereavement leave entitlement under the Agreement, the Dean should have contacted the Grievor to offer her additional leave for the purpose of attending her mother's funeral. The Dean's vexatious behaviour continued throughout the Grievor's period of employment, during which students complained to the Dean instead of raising their concerns directly with the Grievor. The cultural safety course, which was expanded on short notice to include non -nursing students, predictably generated student complaints. instead of working with the Grievor, who felt unsafe and unsupported by the Dean, the College accepted her resignation and advised her that if she had not resigned, she would have been terminated. The cases relied upon by Union counsel in support of her able submissions were Fanshawe College and Ontario Public Service Employees' Union (Grievance of Y.J. Lovelock), unreported award dated January 23, 1986 (Brent); and Re Cara Operations Ltd. and Teamsters Chemical, Energy and Allied Workers' Union, Local 647 (2005), 141 L.A.C. (4th) 255, [2005] O.L.A.A. No. 32 (Luborsky). 30 Summary of College Counsel's Submissions The Grievor quit her employment with the College and has not rescinded that resignation. The resignation makes no mention of harassment or discrimination. That allegation was not raised until after the College released the Grievor from her duties and put her on a paid leave of absence. The College had the right under Article 6 to put the Grievor on a paid leave of absence until the resignation date and did so because of legitimate concerns the College had about the Griever's behaviour with her students as well as her behaviour with her Dean. When confronted with issues raised by her students, the Grievor blamed the students instead of identifying fault in her own behaviour. When confronted with criticism of her teaching by the Dean, she blamed the Dean and characterised herself as a victim. When the Dean sought to meet with her to discuss the situation and assist in resolving it, the Grievor insubordinately did everything possible to avoid meeting with her. The Grievor's inability to deal with criticism does not convert the results of that inability into discrimination. The Dean raised the matter of taxation with the Grievor because she was attempting to encourage her to accept the job which she was being offered. While the Dean's understanding of the Grievor's tax status may have been erroneous, it was part of a practical business discussion that they were having and was not intended to be derogatory. One of the very reasons that the Dean was attempting to hire the 31 Griever was because she was a First Nations person. That comment had no job related consequences of any kind, as the Grievor was hired. The Dean's November 24, 2011 comment that it was not because the Grievor was First Nations was made by the Dean because the Grievor had told her students that she taught differently because she was a First Nations person. Having a fulsome discussion about teaching issues, attempting to assist the Grievor in becoming a better teacher, and discussing things that the Grievor had discussed with her class cannot be construed as discriminatory. Rather than filing a formal complaint, the Grievor chose to deal with her concerns about those comments informally. She did so in her December meeting with the Dean. If the Grievor was being discriminated against by her Dean and did not feel supported by her, the exchange reflected in the email which the Grievor sent to the Dean on February 9, 2012, would not have taken place. The Dean granted the Grievor bereavement leave when she requested it, If she had requested additional leave to attend her mother's funeral, it would have been granted. It was not the Dean's responsibility to offer it. If the Grievor believes that she has been bullied or discriminated against in some manner, she is mistaken and has provided no evidence that would objectively support that belief. 32 Summary of Union Counsel's Reply Submissions Although the Grievor was hired and did get an increased salary as a result of her initial discussions with the Dean, College counsel's contention that the Dean's taxation comment had no adverse job results takes a narrow view of the workplace and the employment relationship. That comment started the Grievor's employment relationship off on the wrong foot and demonstrated that the Dean held erroneous, stereotypical views. While at one point the Grievor's concerns about the Dean's comments may have appeared to have been resolved, they were still there in the background and it was not inappropriate for the Grievor to rely upon them in support of her grievance. Decision As indicated above, the grievance alleges that the College has violated Articles 4 and 6 of the Agreement. The relevant portions of those Articles provide as follows: Article 4 NO DISCRIMINATION/BULLYING/PSYCHOLOGICAL HARASSMENT 4.01 A The parties agree that, in accordance with the provisions of the Ontario Human Rights Code, there shall be no discrimination or harassment against any employee by the Union or the College, by reason of race, ancestry, place of origin, colour, ethnic origin, citizenship, creed, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, age, record of offences, marital status, family status or disability. 4.02 A 4 The College shall make reasonable provisions to ensure that employees are free from bullying/psychological harassment as defined within this article. 33 The College and focal Union shall cooperate to the fullest extent possible to ensure the work environment is free from bullying/psychological harassment. 4.02 A 5 Bullying/psychological harassment refers to any vexatious behaviour that is known, or ought reasonably to be known, to be unwelcome and that: (a) Adversely affects an employee's dignity, or psychological or physical integrity and/or (b) Takes the form of repeated conduct which could reasonably be regarded as intending to intimidate, offend, degrade or humiliate, and/or (c) Results in a harmful work environment. Examples of bullying/psychological harassment include, but are not limited to, the following: * berating/belittling an employee or individual; * making repeated unwarranted criticism; * undermining or deliberately impeding a person's work; * spreading malicious rumours or gossip; * making physical gestures intended to intimidate, offend, degrade or humiliate an employee or an individual; * making comments that are threatening, derisory or defamatory. 4.02 A 6 Actions which may be deemed to the bullying/harassment could be carried out by a manager and/or a supervisor, students, employees, individuals or groups. 4.02 A 7 Reasonable action by a College, a manager and/or a supervisor, by the Union or its representatives, by students, by employees, individuals or by groups is not bullying/psychological harassment. Examples of this include, but are not limited to, the following: * the transfer, demotion, discipline, counsel or dismissal of an employee in a M reasonable manner; * a decision, based on reasonable grounds and facts, not to promote or grant another benefit in connection with an employee's employment or performance; * the legitimate right and responsibility of managers to conduct ongoing evaluation of employee performance at work, which may include reasonable criticism of performance and/or may result in reasonable changes to a person's assignment as a result of an evaluation; * the legitimate right of Union members and officials to reasonably conduct grievance investigations, file grievances, conduct inspections, lawfully picket and, without limiting the aforementioned, generally conduct Union business in a reasonable manner; * the legitimate right and responsibility of employees to correct inappropriate student behaviour and maintain order in the work environment in a reasonable manner; * respectfully expressing disagreement or reasonably stating a contrary point of view; the legitimate exercise of freedom of thought and inquiry, and expression. Article 6 MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS 6.01 It is the exclusive function of the Colleges to. (i) maintain order, discipline and efficiency; (ii) hire, discharge, transfer, classify, assign, appoint, promote, demote, lay off, recall and suspend or otherwise discipline employees subject to the right to lodge a grievance in the manner and to the extent provided in this Agreement; (iii) manage the College and, without restricting the generality of the foregoing, the right to plan, direct and control operations, facilities, programs, courses, organization, 35 methods and the number, location and classification of personnel required from time to time, the number and location of campuses and facilities, services to be performed, the scheduling of assignments and work, the extension, limitation, curtailment, or cessation of operations and all other rights and responsibilities not specifically modified elsewhere in this Agreement. 6.02 The Colleges agree that these functions will be exercised in a manner consistent with the provisions of this Agreement. As noted by Arbitrator Brent in Fanshawe College and Ontario Public Service Employees' Union (Grievance of Y.J. Lovelock), supra, at page 4, ,in a situation where there has been discrimination on any prohibited ground, it would be rare to have an admission of wrongful behaviour", so it is "therefore necessary to examine all of the evidence and to draw inferences from that evidence". Moreover, as indicated by Arbitrator Luborsky in Re Cara Operations Ltd. and Teamsters Chemical, Energy and Allied Workers' Union, Local 647, supra, at paragraph 19, "an objective standard is to be applied in determining whether workplace abuse and/or harassment have occurred, as opposed to the subjective impressions of the alleged victim". Similarly, the subjective impressions or intent of the alleged harasser are also not determinative. It is clear from the totality of the evidence that the Grievor was of the view that there was little or no validity to the numerous student complaints which arose during her probationary period as a full-time employee at the 36 College, and that she insubordinately refused to meet with her Dean in a timely manner to discuss them. It is also clear from the totality of the evidence that what the Grievor characterised as "threatening behaviour" was the Dean legitimately performing her role in dealing with student complaints and offering advice on how best to address them. Moreover, what the Grievor characterised as "bi-polar behaviour" was the not unreasonable difference between the manner in which a supervisor may react when an employee accepts proferred suggestions on how to deal with a situation (as occurred in February in respect of the Grievor's having left her classroom in frustration), and the manner in which a supervisor may react when an employee rejects the supervisor's suggestions (as occurred in November in respect of the students' complaints regarding how the Grievor was teaching and testing math). Although some student complaints may have been inevitable in view of the compressed time frame in which the cultural safety course had to be developed, the expanded student complement required to take the course, the sensitive subject matter of the course, the time at which the Grievor was scheduled to teach it, and the physical layout of the room in which it was being taught, those mitigating circumstances did not absolve the Grievor from her responsibility to meet with the Dean in a timely manner to discuss those complaints and to develop effective strategies for addressing them. While the Dean's taxation question may have reflected 37 an erroneous understanding of the Grievor's income tax responsibilities as a First Nations person, it did not constitute bullying or harassing behaviour, nor was it violative of the Agreement or of the Human Rights Code. The Dean raised that matter with the Grievor because she really wanted the Grievor to work at the College and was attempting to persuade her to accept a position as a full-time professor in the College's nursing program. The extent to which the Dean was desirous of hiring the Grievor is reflected by the fact that she contacted the Grievor to offer her the position even though the Grievor had not applied for it. It is also reflected by the fact that after contacting the Grievor and hearing her express dissatisfaction with the salary being offered by the College for the position, the Dean undertook to discuss it with Human Resources based on the Grievor's education and experience, and through that discussion managed to obtain an additional $5,000 for the Grievor, who then accepted the position. It is also noteworthy that the Grievor herself acknowledged during her testimony in these proceedings that she and the Dean had a respectful relationship at the beginning of her employment. The Dean's telling the Grievor, "It's not because you're First Nations", before making recommendations on how the Grievor should teach math also did not constitute bullying or harassing behaviour, and was not violative of the Agreement or of the Human Rights Code. Indeed, it was the Grievor, not the Dean, who suggested that her First Nations status had a 28 bearing on her teaching methodology. As indicated above, the Grievor told students in her class that she taught things differently because she was a First Nations person. Thus, the Dean's comment was responsive to statements which the Grievor herself had made to students. As further indicated above, the discussion at that meeting became quite heated when the Grievor, in refusing to accept the Dean's recommendation that she work her students up incrementally to achieve the requisite mathematical level of competency, insisted that it was inappropriate given the time frame. The Grievor's refusal to accept the suggestions being offered by the Dean was understandably a source of frustration for the Dean, who was attempting to assist the Grievor to become a more effective teacher. Article 4.02 A 7 of the Agreement provides that reasonable action by a manager or supervisor is not bullying or psychological harassment. One of the examples of this specified in that provision is "counsel ... of an employee in a reasonable manner". Another is "the legitimate right and responsibility of managers to conduct ongoing evaluation of employee performance at work, which may include reasonable criticism of performance". Having regard to all of the circumstances, we find that it was reasonable for the Dean to raise the Grievor's First Nations status at that meeting in order to specifically remove it from the equation, and that it was also reasonable for the Dean to become increasingly emphatic with the Grievor when she continued to blame her 39 students, refused to accept any responsibility for the issues they were raising, and refused to accept the Dean's suggestions on how to more effectively teach the required calculations. It is very unfortunate that the Grievor missed her mother's funeral, but neither the Dean nor the College can legitimately be held responsible for that given that the Grievor, who had exhausted her entitlement to bereavement leave under the Agreement, did not seek any additional paid or unpaid leave in order to attend the funeral. In view of the numerous student complaints which the College received regarding the Grievor, and in view of the Crievor's insubordinate refusal to meet with her Dean in a timely manner to discuss those complaints, the College was justified in releasing her from all of her duties effective October 30, 2012, in the exercise of its management functions under Article 6 of the Agreement. Indeed, under the circumstances, the Grievor was fortunate that the College permitted her to remain on full pay and benefits until December 31, 2012, rather than terminating her pay and benefits by discharging her from her probationary employment prior to the effective date of her resignation. For the foregoing reasons, we find that no violation of the Agreement or of the Human Rights Code occurred in the circumstances of this case. Accordingly, the grievance is hereby dismissed. its] DATED at Burlington, Ontario, this 25th day of June, 2014. 4 1 ----------- �� ��, e e Rohert D. Howe Chair T concur. "Pierre Martin" Union Nominee concur. "Rock Roy" College Nominee 41