HomeMy WebLinkAbout2008-3971 Groves 14-10-14 DecisionCrown Employees
Grievance Settlement
Board
Suite 600
180 Dundas St. West
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8
Tel. (416) 326-1388
Fax (416) 326-1396
Commission de
règlement des griefs
des employés de la
Couronne
Bureau 600
180, rue Dundas Ouest
Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8
Tél. : (416) 326-1388
Téléc. : (416) 326-1396
GSB#2008-3971
UNION#2009-0517-0018
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
(Groves) Union
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services) Employer
BEFORE Loretta Mikus Vice-Chair
FOR THE UNION Katherine Ferreira
Koskie Minsky LLP
Counsel
FOR THE EMPLOYER Peter Dailleboust
Treasury Board Secretariat
Legal Services Branch
Counsel
HEARING February 27, March 4 and 5, November 22,
December 17, 2013; January 14, 15 and 29,
February 12, 18 and 19, March 6 and 27,
June 4 and 11, 2014
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Decision
[1] The grievor, Michael Groves, has been a Correctional Officer 2 (CO2) at the
Toronto West Detention Centre since 1999. On February 8, 2009 he filed the
following grievance:
I grieve that management violated but not limited to the collective
agreement Art. 2- Management Rights, Art. 3 – Harassment/
Discrimination, Art. 9 – Health and Safety and Employer’s WDHP
policy.
I submitted a WDHP complaint on November 14, 2008 with Mr.
Greer. The Employer failed to acknowledge and address my
WDHP complaint therefore condoning a poison work environment
thus creating an unhealthy work environment.
He asked for full disclosure and full redress including but not limited to $18,000 for
damages.
BACKGROUND
[2] In 1979, when the grievor was 7 ½ years old, he was referred to the Psychology
Department of the Peel Board of Education because he was having difficulty with
reading skills, especially maintaining a sight vocabulary. He scored above average
in overall functioning but was found to be weak in visual directionality and
sequencing, spatial orientation, factual recall of general information. It was
recommended that he be placed in a Special Learning Disabilities class and a list
of materials and lessons that could assist him was included.
[3] In 1998 a letter from the Gordon Graydon Memorial Secondary School verified that
the grievor had been identified “exceptional communications” by the Peel Board of
Education in 1983 and had attended at the school between September 1986 and
June 1992 during which time he had received support for his learning disability.
[4] The grievor testified that when he had applied for a position as a CO, he advised
the Employer about his disability before the interview and asked for additional time
to complete the tests. At that time he also provided copies of the documents from
the elementary and high schools confirming and describing his disability. He never
discussed his disability with the Employer again. He said he might have talked
about it with one or more co-workers but only during idle conversation, not in any
detail. For example, a colleague’s daughter had been diagnosed with a learning
disability and was very upset. The grievor told him about his experiences in an
effort to help her understand what to expect in the future. He never asked for
accommodation because he felt people did not appreciate special treatment for
some employees. Also, he had been ridiculed as a student and did not want to talk
about it with anyone and risk going through that again.
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[5] On November 14, 2008, an incident occurred during his shift at the East Wing
Lobby Desk that set into motion a series of events that resulted in the grievance
set out above as well as a complaint under the Ontario Human Rights Code.
[6] The grievor had been assigned to East Wing Lobby desk on the day shift, from
0700 hours to 1500 hours. The desk is intended to control the entrance to the
hallway and keep track of prisoners, deal with internal and external phone calls
concerning prisoners and visitors. The Desk Officer receives the day’s orders
regarding escorts, visitors, and chaplain and chapel schedules from the Sargent on
duty. Colin Campbell, OM16, had left specific instructions for the grievor that three
general duty officers would be reporting to him at 1300 hours and set out what jobs
he should assign to them. At approximately 1425 hours one of them, CO Levy,
entered the East Wing Lobby area and the grievor asked where she was
scheduled to be working. He assumed that she had been reassigned because she
was 1 ½ hours late. When she responded “here”, he asked her where she had
been because she should have reported for duty at 1300 hours. She became
agitated and replied she had been on a break and that the grievor was not a “white
shirt” and he could not ask her about her attendance. What happened next was
reported on the Occurrence Report the grievor completed the next day:
…I informed CO Levy that the OM16 informs the Lobby Officer of
all available General Duty Officers assigned to the area and that
she had not reported to her assigned post on time. CO Levy began
yelling, calling me a retard and an idiot repeatedly for several
minutes. She then sat down and stated that she was going to
grieve me. At one point I stood up to walk away and she stood up
in front of me and said, ‘I am not afraid of you’. I stated I am not
trying to intimidate you. I then went back to the lobby desk to sit
down and she raised her left hand at me pointing her index and
middle finger at me with her thumb sticking straight up and her ring
and baby finger folded underneath her hand so that her hand
resembled a gun and stated ‘I don’t have to take orders from you.’ I
stated I did not appreciate the way she was talking to me and that it
is very disrespectful at which time she stated, ’I don’t respect you or
anybody else in here and you need to not take your job seriously, I
stated that I work in a maximum security institution and I do take
my job seriously.
[7] He testified he was flustered and did not know how to handle what had happened.
All he wanted to do that day was get out of the detention centre so he left without
speaking to anyone. The next day he met with the dayshift supervisor and told her
that he and CO Levy had an altercation in the Lobby and that words had been
exchanged that he felt violated his rights. Levy’s conduct constituted, in his view,
harassment, discrimination and violence in the workplace. He told her he intended
to file an Occurrence Report. A few days later he filed a complaint under the
Workplace Discrimination and Harassment Policy.
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[8] He had been referred to Mr. Paul Greer, the Superintendent, who completed an
Employer/Other Information Report which stated that an employee had reported
another female employee had used verbally abusive language and a threatening
hand gesture on November 14, 2008. He stated they were currently collecting
occurrence reports from all staff involved and that he had asked the 23rd Division’s
Constable Nicholson to investigate whether the hand gesture could be seen as
violence in the workplace. The report also noted that Mr. Greer would be away for
a few days and that Mr. Roth would be the contact person.
[9] The grievor met with Mr. Greer during the week of November 17th to give him the
WDHP complaint and occurrence report. He had the assistance of his Union
Steward. The grievor did not think Mr. Greer showed much interest in his
complaint. When he told the grievor that the gun gesture was not a violation of the
WDHP the grievor reminded him that gun gestures are most often seen as inmate
versus inmate threats. It was only after he and the Union Steward showed him the
definition on discrimination and harassment in the WDHP policy that he agreed to
investigate. The grievor requested that Deputy Superintendent Gray from the
Toronto West Detention Centre be assigned to the investigation but was advised
that Deputy Superintendent from the Toronto West Detention Centre, Tony Roth,
would be assigned to set up a Fact Finding investigation.
[10] The grievor passed Mr. Roth in the hall on November 19th, 2008 and asked him for
an update on his complaint. Mr. Roth told him that the police had been called and,
based on the occurrence reports, did not think charges were warranted. Mr. Roth
then asked him what he wanted. The grievor did not understand what he was
being asked. He told Mr. Roth that he had been forced to deal with discrimination,
harassments and verbal assaults all his life and had thought that, after ten years of
exemplary work, he had passed that part of his life. He asked Mr. Roth to continue
to investigate his poisoned work environment and violence in the workplace
complaints. He told him that when he walked down the corridors, people would
yell out “retard” and “idiot”. They never showed their faces. The grievor left the
meeting with no clear understanding of what was going to happen next.
[11] He was asked why he had filed anther occurrence report and he stated that he was
still bothered by the lack of information and he wanted to make sure people were
taking his complaints seriously. He was still being called a retard as he walked
down the corridors. That had happened once before in 2006 but was now
happening often. When he told Mr. Roth that he could not identify who was
making the comments he was told that unless he could, Mr. Roth could do nothing
to help him.
[12] On November 21st he met with Mr. Mackenzie-Haines, Security Manager, in a
preliminary interview about the complaints. He asked the grievor about the hand
gesture, the conversation between him and Ms. Levy, how he knew she was
supposed to report for duty and when and whether there had been any witnesses.
The grievor could not recall whether Mr. Mackenzie-Haines asked him about his
disability or being called a retard but did remember telling him about it. That
interview lasted about half an hour. There was another interview some time later,
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perhaps in June, during which the grievor was shown the video of November 14th,
2008.
[13] By memo to all staff dated November 27, 2008, entitled Policy Reminder – WDHP,
Mr. Greer wrote the following:
This is a reminder to all staff of the Toronto West Detention Centre
that both Management and Local 517 remain committed to provide
and maintain a work environment that is free from discrimination
and harassment.
Under the Ontario Human Rights Code all employees have the right
to work in an atmosphere free from discrimination or harassment.
The Workplace Discrimination and Harassment Prevention [WDHP]
reinforce that right.
All employees are required to adhere to these policies at all times.
It is required of Public Service employees that they treat everyone
fairly and with dignity. Persons engaging in behavior that violates
the WDHP Policy can anticipate significant consequences.
If you have questions or wish to have additional information
regarding the WDHP Policy please visit the corporate policy home
page…
[14] On November 28, 2008, Mr. Roth sent an e-mail to Maxine Black, Administrative
Assistant to Mr. Greer, advising her that Mr. Groves and Ms. Levy were to be
scheduled on different units during their shifts.
[15] On December 29, 2008, the grievor filed another incident report with Mr. Greer
concerning a work assignment that he felt would put him in direct contact with Ms.
Levy, contrary to Mr. Roth’s earlier memo. He informed the OM16, Mr. Godin, that
while they were not working on the same unit, they would be sharing the lunch
room and, since he was direct code response, he could be required to work with
her. When he reminded Mr. Godin about Mr. Roth’s directive he was told that Mr.
Greer had informed him that he could work anywhere except on the same unit.
The grievor had been told by Mr. Greer that he was too busy to deal with the
complaint and he had assigned the investigation to Mr. Roth but it appeared to him
that Mr. Greer was making work decisions without any concern about his well-
being and safety while the investigation was continuing.
[16] It had been almost two months since the complaint had been filed and the grievor
believed his work environment continued to be poisoned. On December 23, 2008,
he found a Special Olympics poster on the bulletin board in the lunch room with his
name printed at the top of it. He felt humiliated and embarrassed and took it down
immediately. He also noted in his report that the two witnesses to the incident on
November 14, 2008 had still not been contacted, a sign to the grievor that they did
not intend to deal with the issues raised in his complaint. In his view this continued
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delay was a signal they were condoning the poisoned work environment. This
latest incident, he testified, was based on the November 14, 2008 argument
between he and Ms. Levy and he felt she was mocking him by making fun of him
publically.
[17] He did not report this latest incident immediately because he felt that no one was
taking an interest in his issues. He was intimidated and embarrassed and did not
know what to do. He had been ushered out of Mr. Roth’s office on November 19th
and later, when he and his representative had been called into Mr. Roth’s office,
Mr. Roth informed the grievor that he was wrong to write a report of the incident.
He was very agitated. The grievor was upset by the way Mr. Roth had handled
things and felt the meeting had been called to intimidate him and discourage him
from writing any more occurrence reports. When he did include a reference to the
poster in his memo of December 29, 2008 the Employer did not ask about it or ask
for a copy of it for the record.
[18] He did not have any further contact with Mr. Mackenzie-Haines and only had
informal contact with Mr. Roth which he described as “disturbing”. For example, on
five different occasions, Mr. Roth came into the change room while the grievor was
in his underwear to give him updates about the investigation. The grievor thought
that was very unprofessional.
[19] On March 3, 2009, Mr. Roth sent an e-mail to Mr. Greer advising him that he had
had a conversation with the grievor on February 3, 2009, assuring him that the
process was moving but it was slow because of labour issues, lock-downs, walk
outs and job actions in the institution. He hoped it would be concluded by February
14, 2009.
[20] On April 9, 2009, a draft Administrative Fact Finding Review was forwarded to Mr.
Greer from Mr. Mackenzie-Haines dealing with the verbal abusive language and
threatening gesture. The Report began with a Synopsis of the parties involved,
including the grievor, CO Levy, and Officers Robinson, Ongaro, Harrison and
McArter.
[21] Under the Administrative Review it was noted that all Occurrence Reports were
reviewed and staff were interviewed. All actions by the parties were documented.
The grievor was interviewed but CO Levy was unavailable because of scheduling
conflicts between her and Mr. Mackenzie-Haines. A detailed account of the video
was included as well as the following:
CONCLUSION; The WDHP prohibited grounds that Officer
Groves feels that he was discriminated against was his handicap as
Officer Groves is dyslexic. He feels that the comment made by
Officer Levy that he was a retard was directed to this prohibited
ground. Unless Officer Levy knew of his dyslexia I don’t feel the
comment was directed toward the handicap. The hand gestures
that Officer Groves refers to cannot be identified by the video
surveillance footage that was reviewed. Both individuals are guilty
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of not ensuring that a safe workplace is maintained due to their
continual verbal abusive towards each other and their physical
body movements and actions.
RECOMMENDATIONS; Both Correctional Officer Groves and
Correctional Officer Levy failed to maintain a positive and respectful
workplace, for themselves and other parties, subjected to this
incident. Both parties would benefit from mediation to assist in
reestablishment of a professional working relationship. If the
parties disagree to the mediation - I would recommend that both
parties are held accountable for their actions and comments, made
during this incident.
[22] Ms. Cheryl Gaster, Consultant, Conflict Resolution and Human Rights Workplace
Effectiveness Branch (WEB) with the Ministry of Community Safety and
Correctional Services, had given Mr. Roth a series of questions for the fact finder
to consider; essentially the who, when, what, where, why and what could be
recommended to resolve the dispute. After she had read the draft report, she
wrote to Mr. Roth confirming that it was incomplete because CO Levy had not
been interviewed. She noted that the witnesses’ Occurrence Reports were
considered but none of them had been interviewed and asked whether, where it
was stated that the grievor had pushed CO Levy’s chair, she was in it at the time.
She stated that she did not agree with the comment that unless CO Levy knew of
the grievor’s dyslexia, her calling him a “retard” was not a violation of the WDHP. It
is the impact of the comment, not the intention that is determinative. She
recommended the fact finder ask Ms. Levy what she meant and why she used that
term with the grievor. He should also ask the grievor whether his dyslexia was
known amongst his peers and, if so, how it had become known.
[23] On May 16, 2009, CO Dunscombe filed an Occurrence Report to Mr. Anthony
Valaitis concerning a conversation he had witnessed between CO Levy and CO
Johnson. On his return to the module after his break, he heard them talking about
an incident that had occurred between CO Levy and the grievor. He did not want
to get involved so he sat by the back window to read a magazine. He overheard
CO Levy call the grievor a racist several times, loud enough for the inmates to
hear. He stated in his report that CO Levy had acted in an unprofessional and
inappropriate manner. When he left the ward for his lunch break he went to the
General Duties Officer to speak to OM16 Campbell and described what he had
heard, who advised him to write a report of the incident.
[24] That same day, at 1524 hours, the grievor filed another Occurrence Report to Mr.
Valaitis over that incident. He went directly to OM16 Campbell to tell him what he
had heard and was told he would initiate an investigation about these comments.
The grievor made reference to his WDHP complaint of November 14, 2008 and
stated that management had still not completed its investigation and that it had
failed to protect him from further harassment over his disability. He went on to say:
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…My original WDHP has caused me to be ostracized by my peers
continually harassed over my dyslexic learning disability. Now I
have the added stress of having CO Levy state that I am a Racist
and continuing to poison my work environment and defile my
reputation of ten years to the point that I feel I could never possibly
overcome. I now feel I am viewed by my peers as someone who is
incapable of doing my job and now also as something as
unspeakable as being a racist. I feel that management has once
again empowered Ms. Levy to continue in her destructive and
hurtful assault on my character. The original WDHP has caused so
much stress on my personal life and career, physically and
emotionally, that to rebuild my reputation that I have strived to
acquire and maintain throughout my career I feel is impossible and
futile. I believe my ability to gain promotions has been hampered
by these slanderous unprovoked attack. (sic)
Management has failed to act on my poison work environment
repeatedly. I feel I am being mocked and brushed aside every time
I bring it to management’s attention. I am humiliated and
embarrassed by this. I have a hard time coming to work but it is
only through my professionalism that I try to hold my head high
coming through these doors day after day.
[25] He ended his report by saying he was filing another WDHP complaint about CO
Levy’s efforts to slander his reputation. At the bottom of the report was a notation
written by OM16 Campbell acknowledging he had received and read it.
[26] The following day, May 16, 2009, another Occurrence Report was submitted by the
grievor. He was assigned to Annex Control and around 1600 hours Ms. Levy
walked through the link door, held up a piece of paper that looked like an
Occurrence Report, waved it at the grievor, laughed and did a little dance. She
proceeded to the door of Room 113 and showed the grievor the paper in her hand
and did another dance before she entered the room. The grievor immediately
called OM16 Campbell and asked whether CO Levy had submitted an Occurrence
Report about her comments the day before and was told that she had dropped off
a report but he could not tell him what it contained. The grievor saw this as
another example of harassment and intimidation. He felt she was mocking him
and stated as follows:
Mr. Roth has shown a total disregard for my work place safety and
all he and this administration have done is empower this behaviour
to can continue with impunity. (sic)
[27] The final report concerning the grievor’s WDHP complaint was issued on May 29,
2009. Its format was similar to the draft with some significant differences. It noted
that CO Levy had been interviewed on May 26, 2009 and included some of the
interview notes taken at that time. The report ended as follows:
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CONCLUSION: The WDHP prohibited grounds that Officer
Groves feels that he was discriminated against was his handicap as
officer Groves is dyslexic. He feels that the comment made by
Officer Levy that he was retarded was directed to this prohibited
ground. Unless Officer Levy knew of his dyslexia I don’t feel the
comment was directed towards the handicap. The hand gesture
that Officer Groves refers to cannot be identified by the video
footage that was reviewed. Both individuals are in violation of
ensuring a safe workplace is maintained due to their continual
verbal abusive (sic) towards each other and their physical body
movements and actions.
[28] By letter dated June 9, 2009 Mr. Roth advised the grievor that Workplace
Effectiveness Branch had determined that his allegations of a poisoned work
environment and violence in the workplace had not been substantiated and
therefore his file would be closed and no further action pursuant to the complaint
would be taken. It went on to say:
However, the Fact Finding Report concluded that you conducted
yourself in an unprofessional manner and it was recommended that
you receive one-to-one coaching on professional conduct in the
workplace. I will notify you of the date once this mandatory
coaching has been scheduled. You will be required to attend this
coaching as a duty assignment.
[29] On June 26, 2009 the grievor wrote an e-mail to Mr. Valiatis and Mr. Roth with
copies to Liz Sandals, MPP, and Rick Bortolucci, MPP, in which he reviewed the
course of his WDHP complaint. He stated that Mr. Greer appeared to have no
interest in investigating the incident and had told him that even if there had been a
hand gesture as he had described, it would not have been an act of violence. The
grievor advised them that when he had asked to see the video of the incident, he
was denied and that when the police had come to investigate, they were not
allowed to view the tape or interview any witnesses. He advised them that he
continues to be called a “retard and idiot” as he walks down the corridors but has
been told to “get over it, because you have to work together”. He spoke about
being called a racist in a place where inmates could hear what was being said. He
stated that his complaint had been found to be unsubstantiated and that his file
would be closed. Further, he was told he had acted in an unprofessional manner
and he was ordered to attend a coaching session on conduct in the workplace. He
concluded by stating he found this action punitive against his WDHP complaint and
asking that an outside investigation be initiated. Mr. Valiatis responded by advising
the grievor that after he had an opportunity to consult with the WEB, he would
convene a meeting to discuss his e-mail.
[30] On July 16, 2009, Ms. Gaster prepared a chronology of events that set out some
questions about the investigation. She noted that she had recommended
previously that further information be sought from the grievor and the witnesses but
it was unclear whether that had been done. She noted that Brenda James had
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met with CO Levy, who had expressed remorse about her role in the altercation
with the grievor. She queried whether that remorse had ever been transmitted to
the grievor, whether Ms. James had met with the grievor, whether anyone had tried
to convince the grievor and CO Levy to meet, whether the grievor’s dyslexia was
common knowledge among his colleagues, particularly CO Levy, and if so, how
had they become aware of it. She also noted she was uncertain whether anyone
had reviewed the video with the grievor. If he could not see it, she asked if
someone could detail it for him since it formed the basis for the finding that he
conducted himself in an unprofessional manner.
[31] The grievor recalled two meetings with Mr. Valiatis during which he told Mr. Valiatis
that he did not understand the conclusion in his WDHP complaint. He was told the
fact finding had been completed and his complaint had been dealt with.
[32] The grievor was unable to attend the first scheduled coaching session because of
illness but did attend in November and Ms. James reported that he had been an
active participant and a keen listener.
[33] There was no further communication between the grievor and the Employer until
January of 2010 when the grievor received a phone call from Deputy
Superintendent McLeod advising him that Ms. Jackson, Central Region Special
Advisor Human Rights, had scheduled a meeting at 1230 hours. He asked his
Union representative, CO Small, to accompany him. The grievor was very
confused about the reason for the meeting. Ms. Jackson told him that she did not
know what his issues were and asked him to tell her what had happened. She told
him it was a follow-up to his November meeting with Ms. James. The grievor had
thought that once he had completed his mandatory coaching session, his issue
had been resolved. Ms. Jackson stated that she had been told by Mr. Roth that
the grievor continued to have concerns about the investigation which surprised him
because he had never spoken to Mr. Roth about any concerns or asked for any
accommodation. He said he was all too aware of the treatment he could expect if
he asked for help from this administration. He was telling that to Ms. Jackson
when she silenced him to answer her phone. The grievor saw this as another sign
of their attitude to his complaint and he had no interest in continuing with the
meeting. She persuaded him to sit down and when he was seated she kept asking
him what he wanted, over and over. He asked her what she could do for him and
the conversation seemed to be double-speak that was intended to confuse him.
At that point the grievor felt Ms. Jackson became confrontational and told him that
it was not a violation of the WDHP to call him a “retard” and “idiot” if they were
unaware of his disability. The grievor told Ms. Jackson that if the Ministry
considers such comments as acceptable, he had no desire to continue with the
meeting and left.
[34] The grievor believed that the consequences of filing a WDHP complaint continued
to adversely affect his work environment. On February 11, 2011, the grievor e-
mailed Mr. Francis Tilling advising him that he had registered at the Ontario
Correctional Services College for a LSI-OR training course scheduled for March
29, 30, 31, and requesting approval to attend the sessions as a career
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advancement opportunity. The response was that the grievor was entitled to 8
hours per year of professional development but, since they were offering this
course in-house, Mr. Tilling could not approve the request. He went on to say
“This is the type of course that if you get it and don’t use it, you lose it very fast”.
[35] The grievor’s response was as follows:
I am sorry. I must not understand. I have not received any
professional development training that I have requested. Could you
please list all the training I have requested in the years you have
been in staff training to help me in the direction of professional
development of my choosing. All training that I have attended has
been mandatory.
[36] The response from Mr. Tilley was:
It is not what you request but what is supplied, if we do not supply
then you can go outside.
[37] The grievor renewed his request for the in-house training and referred to three
employees who had applied for a vacant position who were granted that training.
He was told that they had applied for a position that required that specific training
and that if he applied for a similar job, he too would be allowed to go. In Mr.
Tilley’s experience people who had taken this course but had no need to use it,
lose what they had learned. If he took the training but did not use it in his job, he
would need to redo the entire course. The grievor was offended by the comment
and inquired whether Mr. Tilley was referring to his disability.
[38] Two employees had witnessed the incident and submitted occurrence reports on
November 14, 2008. CO Carla Ongaro has been employed at TWDC for 18 years
and had been working in Control, which is adjacent to the Lobby Desk on the day
in question. She heard CO Levy yelling. She looked through the Control window
and saw her sitting at the front of the Lobby Desk waving her left hand at the
grievor who was sitting at his post on the other side of the Lobby Desk. She
appeared to be very agitated. This continued for about six minutes. She asked for
relief from her post and entered the lobby and, as she approached the desk she
heard CO Levy tell the grievor she did not respect him or anyone else. The grievor
told CO Levy that she should have reported to work at 1300 hours as assigned.
She continued to shout at him in a rude fashion. CO Ongaro testified that she saw
CO Levy’s left hand “positioned in a formation where her index and middle finger
were held together pointing straight out, her thumb was held upwards and her
fourth and fifth fingers curled in toward the palm while pointing the hand in his
direction”. CO Ongaro interrupted CO Levy twice in an effort to stop her tirade and
remove the grievor from the situation. She stated that the grievor was the victim of
a verbal assault that appeared to be escalating. She also stated that the grievor
had acted in a professional manner and had not raised his voice. When asked
about her ability to view these events she stated that Sub Control is situated near
the entrance of the East Lobby. She can observe the Lobby through windows and
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by a camera that is focussed on the Lobby. The windows surround the room and
she can see the lobby, the desk and the front entrance. She filled out the
Occurrence Report because she heard loud voices coming from the Lobby and
saw Levy standing in front of the desk shouting at the grievor. She said the voices
were loud enough to be heard through the closed door of Sub Control. She heard
Levy tell the grievor that she did not respect him or anyone else. She said Levy
was pointing her finger at the grievor and was very agitated. The grievor looked
very uncomfortable and Ms. Ongaro attempted twice to separate them by asking to
be relieved. By then the grievor had become angry. She did not remember being
asked to submit a report or speaking to anyone before she drafted it.
[39] She was asked whether Ms. Levy had talked with her hands during the incident
and whether she might have misunderstood what she saw. It was suggested to
her that she did not see a gun gesture but simply waving hands. Ms. Ongaro did
not agree that Ms. Levy used her hands in an animated manner but did allow that if
she did wave her hands during the conversation, it might have looked like a gun
gesture. She did not recall hearing the grievor tell Ms. Levy that no one liked her
or hear Ms. Levy say anything to the grievor about who signed her pay cheques.
She firmly reaffirmed her evidence that Ms. Levy had said she did not respect the
grievor or anyone else. In redirect she testified that it was not unusual to see hand
gestures resembling a gun and they are seldom the subject of an Occurrence
Report. She reported it because it was tied in with the content of the report and it
was not a sign of a healthy workplace.
[40] CO Gary Harrison submitted an occurrence report about the incident on November
14, 2008. He has been a CO2 for 28 years, most of that time at TWDC. On
November 14, 2008, he was sitting in Visits Control when he heard the grievor ask
Levy where she had been between 1300 and 1425 hours. She questioned his
right to ask and, according to CO Harrison, became immediately agitated. She
began yelling at the grievor and her body language became hostile. “I witnessed
what I interpreted to be a threatening gesture by forming her left hand into what
appeared to me to be a gun. CO Levy continued to wave her left hand towards CO
Groves’ face while yelling such things as ‘I do not respect you’ or ‘any blue shirt in
this jail’ and ‘just shut your mouth’”. ‘What are you, a retard’ and ‘I don’t have to
answer to you or anyone in this jail’. According to Mr. Harrison, the grievor
remained calm and did not raise his voice to Ms. Levy. He had moved his chair to
the door of the Visits Room so that he could hear the other CO’s conversations.
He could see the grievor sitting in a chair at the Lobby Desk. He did not see Levy
at first but then saw her sit in the chair opposite the grievor. As soon as the grievor
asked her where she had been she became very upset and raised her voice.
[41] He was asked to write an Occurrence Report but could not remember by whom.
He said he was careful about what he wrote because he knew there was a video
camera that had recorded the entire incident. He could not recall whether he had
spoken to Ms. Ongaro or OM16 Campbell but stated he had not spoken to Ms.
Levy. He did have a short conversation with the grievor but did not discuss the
details of what had happened. When it was pointed out that his occurrence report
did not mention he was sitting in the doorway, Mr. Harrison stated that it should be
- 13 -
clear on the video where he was at the time. He clarified in cross-examination that
his reference to hostile body language referred to the gun gesture CO Levy had
made towards the grievor. Until then, he stated, the grievor had remained calm
and had not raised his voice. Mr. Harrison was questioned about his evidence
that the grievor remained in his chair during this exchange when the video shows
he did get up twice and walked around her chair. When he was told that CO Levy
would deny calling the grievor a retard, Mr. Harrison said he stands by his
statement.
[42] CO Levy has been employed as a CO since June of 2008. On November 14,
2008, she had been assigned to individual training for the morning and to the
Lobby Desk for the afternoon. She had been unable to take her breaks during the
morning and she took an hour break. She returned to staff training at 1400 hours
because she had not been told about the transfer to Lobby Desk. On her way
back she was told that someone was looking for her from the East Lobby Desk so
she went to the lounge to eat the lunch she had not eaten. She reached the Lobby
at approximately 1425 and was immediately confronted by the grievor who started
questioning her about her whereabouts. She explained about her missed breaks
and told him she had not been advised of the change in orders. Ms. Levy was
stressed about this line of questioning and told the grievor that he was not a “white
shirt”. He advised her that he was the senior officer and had a right to ask where
she had been for 1½ hours. Their voices were not raised at the time but the
conversation continued. The grievor told her she had an attitude problem and CO
Levy told him if he continued she would “grieve him”. He told Ms. Levy that she
was immature and she responded that he was the one acting immature. She told
him he should not take his job so seriously. She testified that she did not believe
he would have spoken to a senior officer in the same manner. She turned her
chair away from the grievor and he continued to belittle her. He stood up and she
thought he was trying to intimidate her so she stood up to face him. She told him
that she did not care what he thought because he did not sign her paycheque. It
was at this point that CO Ongaro left Control to go to the washroom and when she
returned she asked the grievor to relieve her for a break. CO Levy did not hear
what was said between them but they left the lobby together. She stayed in the
Lobby for a short time but then left when CO McArter entered the Lobby and asked
her what was wrong. She told her an officer had confronted her on an issue but
did not elaborate.
[43] During the exchange CO Levy felt embarrassed that she was being bullied by a
senior officer in front of other officers. She identified at least three other officers
who were sitting in the Lobby during this argument but none of them interfered in
or reported the confrontation. She filed a complaint under the Ontario Human
Rights Code because she felt the allegation about the gun gesture was racially
motivated and because she felt the investigation had not been handled properly.
She completed an Occurrence Report at Mr. Roth’s request on November 18,
2008.
[44] CO Levy denied making a gun gesture with her hand and felt the accusation was
racially motivated. She saw the accusation as a sign of disrespect. She denied
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calling the grievor a retard or an idiot and stated she had not known about his
learning disability at the time. She did not even know his name and had never
worked with him before that day. She denied telling the grievor that she was not
afraid of him. She denied placing the Special Olympics poster in the lunch room or
any involvement in its placement.
[45] After she had given her Occurrence Report to Mr. Greer she did not hear from
anyone until November 26th when Mr. Mackenzie-Haines called to invite her to a
meeting that day. She told him she wanted to have a Union Representative for the
meeting but was unable to contact one that day. She was asked to meet with Mr.
Mackenzie-Haines in January of 2009 but because of scheduling difficulties they
did not connect until May. CO Levy had been off on a WSIB claim until then.
During their meeting Mr. Mackenzie-Haines took notes but did not show them to
CO Levy. She was shown the video in October and felt it proved she had not
pointed a gun at the grievor and that the grievor was trying to intimidate her. She
was never shown the April draft or the May final Fact Finding reports nor did she
meet with anyone to discuss the findings. She was next contacted by Mr. Roth on
May 29, 2009 and advised that the allegations by the grievor had not been
substantiated and there would be no further action on the complaint. The letter
went on to say that the Fact Finding had resulted in a finding of inappropriate
conduct and directed her to attend training on professional conduct in the
workplace.
[46] She did not feel the investigation had been conducted properly and asked that it be
reconsidered but was told it had been concluded, that the file was closed and that
no further action would be taken concerning the issues.
[47] She explained that she thought the allegation she used a gun gesture was
offensive because it was generated from a stereotypical perception of black youth.
She was asked whether CO Ongaro was a racist when she described the gesture
and CO Levy said, first, she had lied, but then she allowed CO Ongaro might have
misinterpreted what she had seen and she might not have intended to make a
racist remark. Both CO Ongaro and CO Harrison based their observations about
the gun gesture made by CO Levy towards the grievor. There had been a video of
the grievor’s account of what had happened. They were mistaken but the grievor
was not. He intended to make a racist comment when he said he saw a gesture
resembling a gun had been leveled at him.
[48] It was pointed out to her that in the video it appears that she and the grievor were
leaning into each other while they were talking. She maintained no one had raised
their voice at that point and when she was shown the video where she was raising
her arm in the air, she agreed it could have been interpreted to be a gun gesture.
[49] She was asked why she had objected to answering the grievor’s questions and
she replied that she had answered them at first but that he kept going on about her
lateness. If he had been a Captain she would have responded differently but he
was just another CO trying to make her look foolish. It was not his job to assign
work to his peers and he had no authority to question her in such a manner.
- 15 -
[50] Mr. Tony Roth has been employed by the Ministry of Community Safety and
Correctional Services for 35 years, eighteen of them at TWDC, the rest at Vanier,
Maplehurst, Hamilton and Guelph. He testified that there had been an incident on
November 14, 2008 involving the grievor and CO Levy that became the subject of
the WDHP complaint and grievance. The incident took place in the East Lobby and
there is a video tape of the entire argument between CO Levy and the grievor,
which includes several officers who were present for all or some of the event.
Unfortunately there is no audio and what was actually said cannot be verified
except by the evidence of the people who were there. The police were called
because there had been an allegation that CO Levy had made a threatening
gesture towards the grievor, they reviewed the video but did not feel criminal
charges were warranted.
[51] Occurrence Reports had been submitted to Mr. Greer, the Superintendent, by the
grievor, Ms. Levy and three officers who had witnessed some or all the incident.
Mr. McKenzie- Haines, Security Manager, was asked to conduct a fact finding
exercise in accordance with the WDHP process. He met with the grievor who was
very anxious for the fact finding to begin. Mr. Roth recalled that it was a very busy
time in corrections. They were in negotiations that were not going well and the
Union had withdrawn from any engagements with the Employer. He had met with
the Local representative who told him she was not interested in discussing the
WDHP complaint because there were “bigger fish to fry”. As well CO Levy had
suffered a workplace injury and was off on WSIB until May of 2009 which caused
further delays. Mr. Roth met with the grievor two or three times but was unable to
give him any updates as a result of these delays. He did not believe he had
ushered the grievor out of his office as he had testified. Mr. Roth said he often had
meetings in his office and he might have been interrupted during a meeting with
the grievor but it was not meant as disinterest in his complaint. He may have
spoken to the grievor in the change room but they only exchanged pleasantries in
an informal setting. These encounters were never formal meetings to discuss his
complaints.
[52] Mr. Roth denied ever chastising the grievor for filing a WDHP complaint and
testified he was offended the grievor would accuse him of having done so. He
recalled getting the Fact Finding Report which concluded that two employees had
acted in an unprofessional manner in the workplace. Both of them were directed to
attend a mandatory training session on professional conduct in the workplace. Mr.
Roth also gave instructions that the grievor and CO Levy were not to be scheduled
to work together.
[53] He did not recall seeing the Special Olympic Poster but did recall discussing it with
the grievor. He testified he was unaware of the grievor’s dyslexia. When he
asked to be allowed to attend a training opportunity on LSI-OR, he did not feel that
the denial was a direct reference to his disability. Mr. Roth had not understood his
reaction. Mr. Roth described the training as a three day computer based course
that is offered to employees in house and acceptance is determined by staffing
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complements. He confirmed that usually employees who take this training are
working in areas where they need and use the knowledge on an ongoing basis.
[54] In cross-examination, Mr. Roth testified that he had probably been involved in 15-
20 Fact Finding exercises over the years at various levels from investigation to
mediation. Some of them were very complex and involved internal and external
investigation. Each exercise is conducted based on the particulars of that
particular case but involves finding out what happened, who witnessed the
incident, what prohibited ground was involved and any other particulars that would
assist in the investigation. If he needed advice or assistance, he could call on
Cheryl Gaster from WEB. In this case he contacted her numerous times during the
process up to the decision making phase. Mr. Roth had received an e-mail from
Ms. Gaster dated November 19, 2008, that set out a series of questions and issues
to be raised during the investigation. He could not recall if he had sent it on to Mr.
Mackenzie-Haines. He allowed that he might have asked the grievor what he
wanted from his complaint because sometimes an individual knows, for example,
that he/she does not want to work with another. It does not determine the result
but it can assist in reaching a resolution.
[55] Mr. Roth could not recall the grievor telling him about people calling him an idiot
and a retard in the corridors and did not remember if he had investigated those
allegations. He admitted that if he had, it would have been mentioned in the
report. He was aware the grievor had been upset over the delays in the
investigation but with everything that was going on at the time, it was difficult to get
answers. Normally a Fact Finding report would be completed within three to four
months. He did not recall when the grievor told him about the Special Olympic
poster but stated he did not investigate the allegations nor ask Mr. Mackenzie-
Haines to look into it. He did, however, send out a memo to all staff that stated all
employees must adhere to the policies of the institution as well as the Ontario
Human Rights Code and the WDHP.
[56] In summary he was asked whether he had taken any steps to expedite the
process, to ensure that all reports had been reviewed and whether he had
instructed Mr. Mackenzie-Haines to focus his attention on the video. His answer to
all these questions was that he had not. He acknowledged that, while he had not
reviewed the video himself, their investigation would have concentrated on the
same focus. He stated that, since the police had reviewed the video and found no
grounds for charges, he did not think it was necessary to see it himself. He was
asked whether he had followed up on Ms. Gaster’s concerns about interviewing all
the staff who were involved in or who witnessed the incident and her disagreement
with Mr. Mackenzie-Haines conclusion and he could not recall. He felt the dispute
involved two employees who could not get along and who needed guidance. At
the time he was unaware of CO Levy’s allegations about the grievor and the
grievor’s allegations about CO Levy waving a piece of paper in his face.
[57] Mr. Roth testified that the Employer had done all it could to deal with the issues
raised in the complaint. It had scheduled the grievor and CO Levy on different
shifts to avoid contact. Other than fingerprinting the Special Olympics poster, they
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could not identify the people the grievor claimed were calling him derogatory
names.
[58] Mr. McKenzie-Haines has worked for 23 years in corrections. He has been Deputy
Director of Operations at Vanier, worked with the SIU and, at the time of the events
giving rise to this grievance, was Security Manager. As Security Manager he is
responsible for the physical security of the institution and oversees internal
administrative reviews of staff and inmates and acts as liaison for outside law
enforcement agencies. He reports to Superintendent Greer who asked him to
conduct a Fact Finding exercise into an incident that had occurred on the East
Wing Lobby on November 14, 2008 between CO Levy and CO Groves and act as
lead on the investigation. He secured the video and prepared to interview the
other employees who had been involved and/or who had witnesses the scene. He
and another security officer watched the video together and then decided to have
detectives from the local precinct to view it and advise them if criminal charges
should be laid, they did not and Mr. Mackenzie-Haines agreed. He did not see an
obvious threatening gesture like a closed fist directed at CO Groves. He met with
CO Groves but was unable to schedule a meeting with Ms. Levy first because she
needed time to arrange for a Union Steward and then because she was off on a
WSIB claim until May of 2009. It was his view that they had both acted
inappropriately thus his recommendation that they both attend training on conduct
in the workplace. This was the first WDHP complaint he had been assigned to
conduct the Fact Finding.
[59] During his initial steps he watched the video numerous times, between 20 and 30
times. He agreed there was no reference to the conclusions reached by the police
in the April Report because, Mackenzie-Haines testified, his conclusions were
based on his own observations, not those of the police officers. He did not recall
interviewing CO Harrison, and, while he was “pretty sure” he had interviewed CO
Ongaro, he did not have any notes of the interview in his file. He allowed that if he
had conducted those interviews, they would have been included in his notes and/or
report.
[60] He stated that he had heard about the grievor’s complaint concerning being called
an idiot and a retard but that was not part of his investigation. He had been
instructed to investigate the incident of November 14, 2008 only and to prepare a
report of his findings. He had not been shown CO Levy’s Occurrence Report of
the events of November 18, 2008 until he was given a copy at the hearing. He
was not aware of Mr. Roth’s memo to staff about their responsibilities under the
WDHP when he completed his report.
[61] He was asked why his second report did not contain the recommendations he had
included in his first report. He did not know why but he stated the final report was
not a result of new facts but an update on the first report so it did not have to be
repeated.
[62] Ms. Ferreira, counsel for the Union, referred to the grievance filed by Mr. Groves to
remind the Board that I am dealing with a grievance alleging discrimination and
- 18 -
harassment because of his disability contrary to Articles 2,3, 9 and the Ontario
Human Rights Code. There has been no objection to my jurisdiction to hear this
matter or to award a remedy, if necessary, including pain and suffering. The
grievor has claimed he was subjected to discrimination and harassment because
of his disability and was threatened physically with a hand gesture resembling a
gun. He reported it immediately and filed a WHDP complaint in conformance with
the Employer’s policy. The Employer conducted a flawed and delayed Fact Finding
exercise that allowed the situation to escalate.
[63] The grievor had been employed for 10 years at the time of the incident and has a
clean work record. When he was hired he advised his Employer about his
disability and, except for one incident years before, has not discussed his disability
formally in the workplace. He has not tried to hide it and has spoken about it
occasionally on an informal basis with individual co-workers. He had suffered in
the past with taunts of “idiot” and “retard” but thought those days were behind him.
When CO Levy threw those derogatory words at him, he was reminded about the
hurt and embarrassment he felt at the time. After the altercation with CO Levy, his
disability became known throughout the jail. He was asked by his colleagues why
he was so upset about her words and he felt he has to explain his reaction.
[64] There is a video of the incident that verifies that CO Levy and the grievor had an
argument at the Lobby Desk but there was no audio, there were witnesses who
testified they had heard CO Levy yell at the grievor and call him a “retard” and
“idiot”. They testified they had seen CO Levy form a gun with her hand and fingers
and pointed it at the grievor. It was not clear on the video what had happened but
both CO Harrison and CO Ongaro testified they had seen the gesture and verified
it looked as if CO Levy was pointing a gun at the grievor. The Union asserts that,
on a balance of probability, it has shown that CO Levy made a gun gesture.
[65] The grievor then filed a WDHP complaint on December 13, 2008. By then Mr.
Greer had in his possession, three Occurrence Reports and the WDHP complaint
which set out the details of the events of November 14, 2008. He met with Mr.
Greer who asked him why he was so offended. The grievor explained about his
disability and his history of bullying. The grievor decided that Mr. Greer did not
take his complaint seriously when he told him that the gun gesture CO Levy
allegedly made could be considered violence in the workplace. As well, when he
met with Mr. Roth in December he was rushed out of his office without any real
discussion about the complaint.
[66] The Union submitted that the harassment of the grievor continued. He heard
people call him “retard” and “idiot” while he was walking in the corridors. Someone
put a poster of the Special Olympics in the lunch room with his name on it. The
grievor felt embarrassed and humiliated and filed another Occurrence Report
alleging harassment. At about this time he became aware that CO Levy had
accused him of racism, an offensive and malicious attempt to slander him amongst
his peers. Nothing had been done about his complaints and he began to feel
frustrated. He felt the delay in dealing with the complaint was seen by CO Levy as
a sign they condoned her actions and she was encouraged to continue and
- 19 -
escalate her harassment. When he applied for the training session on LSI-OR he
took the Employer’s denial to be directly based on his disability. The Employer did
not think he would retain what he had learned.
[67] The investigation was initiated in early December of 2008 and the draft report was
released in April of 2009. The final report was further delayed because Mr.
Mackenzie-Haines had been unable to interview CO Levy. In the meantime the
grievor was subjected to threatening gestures, discrimination and harassment for
an extended period of time that had the effect of creating a poisoned work
environment.
[68] The grievor reported what he believed was discrimination, harassment and a
poisoned work environment in a continuing and consistent effort to have it dealt
with under the WDHP policy. The investigation was fundamentally flawed from the
beginning. In the first draft of April 2009 Mr. Mackenzie-Haines had not even
interviewed CO Levy when he submitted his findings and recommendations. He
did not interview any of the CO’s who had submitted Occurrence Reports. He was
told to begin an investigation without any direction about the focus. He ended his
investigation on November 18th and did not take into account the grievor’s
assertion that the discrimination had continued. When the grievor filed another
WDHP complaint Ms. Gaster posed more questions about the content of the
inquiry which were never communicated to Mr. Mackenzie-Haines.
[69] In support of its position the Union relied on the following cases: Re OPSEU
(Chan) and Ministry of Education, GSB # 1990/90 (June 27, 2007) unreported
(Dissanayake); Re OPSEU (Simon) and Ministry of Solicitor General and
Correctional Services, GSB # 2568/96 (September 18, 1998) unreported
(Dissanayake); Public Service Grievance Board (Charlton) GSB # P-2006-0291
unreported (Don Carter) and Hill V. Spectrum Telecom Group Ltd. 2012 HRTO
133.
[70] Mr. Dailleboust, counsel for the Employer, took the position that there is no dispute
that an incident occurred on November 14, 2008 between the grievor and CO
Levy. If the grievor’s account of the confrontation is accurate, there is also no
dispute the Employer finds it repugnant and took steps to deal with it immediately
by setting up a Fact Finding under the WDHP policy. There was an allegation of a
threatening gun gesture by CO Levy, which was never proven, and the Employer
called in the police for their opinion about whether criminal charges were
warranted. That the grievor’s claim that people were calling him “retard” and “idiot”
was taken seriously by posting an e-mail reminding people about their obligations
under the Human Rights Code. There was no way to discover who had said these
words or that they were directed at the grievor. When the grievor complained that
this treatment was continuing, the Employer did not post another e-mail because it
did not feel another e-mail would have any effect. Mr. Roth also took steps to
ensure that the grievor and CO Levy were not scheduled to work together.
[71] It was submitted that the evidence has established that the grievor’s disability was
not well known in the institution. He had at one time informed some people about
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it but CO Levy testified she was not one of them. Mr. Greer and Mr. Roth did not
know. Even the grievor acknowledged that it was not known throughout the
institute. The Employer agrees though, that once he was made aware, he had an
obligation to protect the grievor from discrimination and harassment. However,
that obligation does not create a strict liability. Only evidence of a complete failure
to it deal with it would create liability and the evidence does not exist in this case.
The Employer took all the steps it could to resolve the matter.
[72] It was submitted that the Employer appointed Mr. Mackenzie-Haines to conduct a
Fact Finding because he had experience in doing them. Only if this Board should
find the direct actions by the Employer were not enough can it conclude Mr.
Mackenzie-Haines was not qualified.
[73] It was said that the delay in the investigation has been explained. It was out of their
hands at the time. The standard for the Employer is not perfection. As long as the
Employer made reasonable efforts to provide a safe work environment, it cannot
be faulted if the efforts were unsuccessful.
[74] The Employer asserted that the Board should dismiss the grievor’s claim for
damages. It should follow the Fleet case which found that where there has been
no economic loss, there are no damages.
[75] It was stated that this should not have happened but it is not the result of a
systemic problem but rather the consequences of a conflict between two
employees. The Employer tried to uncover the truth and at all times acted in the
grievor’s best interest.
[76] In support of its position the Employer relied on the following cases Ontario Public
Service Employees Union [Tardiel et al] and The Crown in Right of Ontario
[Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services], GSB Nos. 2005-1443
and 2005-3884 [Albertyn]; Ontario Public Service Employees Union v. Ontario
[Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services] [Tardiel Grievance],
[2011] O.G.S.B.A.No.80. Lee et al. and the Crown in Right of Ontario [Ministry of
Community Safety and Correctional Services], PSGB No.P-2012-0702 and P-
2010-1055 [O’Neil]. Fleet Industries v. International Assn. of Machinists and
Aerospace Workers, Local 171 [Grievance], [1997] O.L.L.A. No. 791. Ontario
Public Service Employees Union [Laframboise] and The Crown in Right of Ontario
[Ministry of Community &Social Services], GSB No. 2268/95 [Roberts]. Ontario
Public Service Employees Union [Sager, Shelley et al] and The Crown in Right of
Ontario [Ministry of Transportation], GSB No. 2000-0377 [Mikus]. Ontario Service
Employees Union [Press] and the Crown in Right of Ontario [Ministry of Health and
Long-Term Care], GSB No. 2003-1461 [Mikus]. Shlomo Conforti v. Investia
Financial Services Inc. and Industrial Alliance Insurance and Financial Services
Inc. 2011 CanLII 60897 [OLRB]. Peter Ljubja v. The Aim Group Inc. and General
Motors of Canada Limited, 2013 CanLII 76529 [ON LRB]. Toronto Transit
Commission v. Amalgamated Transit Union [Stina Grievance], [2004] O.L.A.A. No.
565. 11. Cara Operations Ltd. [c.o.b. Toronto Flight Kitchen] v. Teamsters
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Chemical, Employees and Allied Workers Union, Local 647 [Palmieri Grievance],
[2005] O.L.A.A. No. 302.
[77] In reply, the Union agreed that there is not strict liability but asserted that it can
exist if the Employer fails to take reasonable steps to deal with claims of
discrimination and harassment. In this case the Employer’s efforts fall short of
reasonable. The Human rights Code specifically allows for damages for loss of
dignity which the grievor has testified
REASONS FOR DECISION
[78] The grievance before me states as follows;
I grieve that management violated but not limited to the collective
agreement Art. 2- Management Rights, Art. 3 – Harassment/
Discrimination, Art. 9 – Health and Safety, and Employer’s WDHP
policy.
I submitted a WDHP complaint on November 14, 2008 with Mr.
Greer. The Employer failed to acknowledge and address my WDHP
complaint therefore condoning a poison work environment thus
creating an unhealthy work environment.
The relevant provisions of the collective agreement read as follows;
ARTICLE 2- MANAGEMENT RIGHTS
2.1 For the purpose of this Central Collective Agreement and any
other Collective Agreement to which the parties are subject, the
right and authority to manage the business and direct the
workforce, including the right to hire and lay-off, appoint, assign and
direct employees; evaluate and classify positions; discipline,
dismiss or suspend employees; for just cause; determine
organization, staffing levels, work methods, the location of
workplace, the kinds and locations of equipment, the merit system,
training, and development and appraisal; and make reasonable
rules and regulations; shall be vested exclusively in the Employer. It
is agreed that these rights are subject only to the provisions of this
Central Collective Agreement and any other Collective Agreement
to which the parties are subject.
ARTICLE 3 - NO DISCRIMINATION/ EMPLOYMENT EQUITY
3.1 There shall be no discrimination practised by reason of race,
ancestry, place of origin, colour, ethnic origin, citizenship, creed, sex,
sexual orientation, age, marital status, family status, or disability, as
defined in section 10[1] of the Ontario Human Rights Code [OHRC].
- 22 -
3.2 There shall be no discrimination or harassment practised by reason
of an employee’s membership or activity in the Union.
3.3 It is recognized that in accordance with section 14 of the Ontario
Human Rights Code, the Employer’s employment equity program shall not
be considered a contravention of this article.
ARTICLE 9 – HEALTH AND SAFETY AND VIDEO DISPLAY TERMINALS
9.1 The Employer shall continue to make reasonable provisions for the
safety and health of its employees during the hours of their employment.
It is agreed that both the Employer and the Union shall cooperate to the
fullest extent possible in the prevention of accidents and in the reasonable
promotion of safety and health of all employees.
[79] In Re Simon the grievor, a gentleman of African descent, grieved that he had been
subjected to racial harassment when KKK was scratched into the walls of the
institution and when he complained, on October 17, 1997, the signs were not
removed for several months. Although the signs were not directed at him
personally, the Board found that since he was a member of a group of people
identified under the Code, he had a legitimate claim to charge the Employer with a
violation of Article 3, which is essentially the same as the one before me.
[80] The identity of the person who scratched the signs was never discovered but it was
determined that it must have been an employee of the institute but not necessarily
a supervisor. The Board, in McKinnon, determined that the Employer is always
liable for the discriminatory conduct of its management. The Employer was not
strictly liable for the conduct of its employees but did have an obligation to ensure
that employees are free from discrimination by other employees. The Board noted
that the rights conferred on employees would be illusory if the employer could
stand idly by while another employee harassed another. The Board stated at page
45:
…the employer’s liability depends on its knowledge of the offensive
conduct and response to it. However, in considering the
employer’s knowledge the test is not purely subjective. If the
employer lacked knowledge because it showed a lack of interest or
did not have a reasonable system for detecting and monitoring of
offensive conduct that does not exonerate it. To hold otherwise
would be to make the obligation imposed on the employer by the
collective agreement provisions meaningless. The employer would
be able to circumvent that obligation by merely closing its eyes and
ears. The parties could not have intended that.
[81] Applying those principles to the instant case, this grievance arises from an incident
that occurred on November 14, 2008 in the East Wing Lobby between the grievor
and CO Levy. Having considered all of the evidence, including the video, I have
concluded that CO Levy did not report for work at 1300 hours as scheduled and,
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when the grievor questioned her lateness, she became annoyed and challenged
his right to make these inquiries since he was not a “white shirt”. The discussion
became more heated and, according to my review of the video, they were angry.
The grievor stated that she called him a “retard” and “idiot”. He testified she raised
her left hand towards him with her first two fingers pointed at him and her thumb
and fourth and fifth finger folded under in a gesture that resembled a gun. CO
Levy denied both allegations and testified that neither of them was angry or had
raised their voices at this point. The video does not have any audio so it does not
help me decide what was said but their body language shows they approached
each other in anger and it is more likely than not that their voices were raised.
Additionally, two CO’s who witnessed the incident testified that they heard CO
Levy shouting at the grievor and calling him a “retard” and an “idiot”. Their
evidence on that point was unshaken.
[82] With respect to the alleged gun gesture, the evidence is less clear. The quality of
the video is poor and while CO Levy is seen waving her hands, it is not possible to
determine the position of her fingers. Both CO Harrison and Ongaro wrote in their
Occurrence Reports that they had seen the gun gesture and, while they
acknowledged in cross-examination that they might have misunderstood what they
had seen, in reply they maintained that CO Levy’s hand was raised in the shape of
a gun. I accept their evidence on this point as well.
[83] The grievor filed a WDHP complaint alleging the derogatory comments made by
CO Levy were discriminatory because they were referring to his learning disability.
He also felt the gun gesture was a threat to his safety. He met with the
Superintendent, Mr. Greer, within a week of the incident, who forwarded his
complaint to the Deputy Superintendent, Mr. Roth, who appointed Mr. Mackenzie-
Haines to conduct a Fact Finding in accordance with the WDHP policy. Mr. Roth
also contacted the police to investigate the significance of the gun gesture. On
November 19th he was asked by the grievor for an update and at the same time he
renewed his request to have the Employer investigate the discrimination and
poisoned work environment because he was still being called a “retard’ and “idiot”.
On November 27th, Mr. Roth circulated an e-mail reminding employees that about
their joint obligation to work in an environment free of discrimination and
harassment. The following day he took steps to ensure that the grievor and CO
Levy were not scheduled to work on the same unit.
[84] Based on the evidence I find that the grievor was the victim of comments that were
derogatory and discriminatory. He is a member of a group identified in the Code
under one of the prohibited grounds.
[85] Was the Employer liable for this violation of the collective agreement provision and
the Human Rights Code? The Employer responded to the grievor’s concerns
quickly and, if that had been the end of the incident, its actions to that point could
not be faulted. However, that was not the case. There were difficulties with the
Fact Finding report that were identified by Ms. Gaster. They were ignored but
raised issues about how it was conducted. It appears that the investigation did not
go beyond the day of the incident and the few days following and did not
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acknowledge the grievor’s allegations that he was still being the target of
derogatory remarks for some time after. There is no mention of the Special
Olympics poster in the report. It was not just posted in the lunchroom, it was
posted with the grievor’s name on it specifically. That was a tangible indication
that he was not imagining the alleged discrimination.
[86] There seems to have been a common belief that because CO Levy did not know
about the grievor’s disability, her use of those terms was not intended to be
discriminatory. It has been said many times that it is not the intention or motivation
but the effect of the discriminatory conduct that must be dealt with. In any event,
after the grievor filed his complaint, the Employer and CO Levy became aware of
the grievor’s disability the employer’s obligation was clear.
[87] Another indication of the Employer’s attitude was evidenced when Mr. Roth
dismissed the grievor’s concerns before the Fact Finding began when he told the
grievor that unless he could identify the persons calling him names, there was
nothing he could do for him.
[88] Once the Employer was made aware of the grievor’s disability and the derogatory
terms he had been subjected to with respect to that disability, it had an obligation
to take action to ensure a safe working environment free from discrimination and
harassment. In this case the Employer did not. The Employer did take some
steps to that end but not enough. The Employer did send out a memo to all staff
about their obligation to comply with the Ontario Human Rights Code but it was
worded in such an ambiguous manner, it would have been easy for employees to
ignore it. Unless you were one of the people directly involved in the incident, you
would not understand what it meant. When Mr. Roth was told that the comments
were continuing, he did not think it would be of any use to issue another memo.
When faced with discrimination and harassment, the Employer has a duty to seek
alternative means to combat them. Giving up because a first attempt did not seem
to be successful is not acceptable.
[89] It is worth saying that, even if no individual employee had a disability, when an
Employer is aware that an employee is using such insulting and demeaning
language, especially in front of other employees, it is incumbent upon it to make it
clear that such language is unacceptable and that there will be consequences for
anyone who persists in using it.
[90] Initially the WDHP complaint Fact Finding was in response to the incident of
November 14, 2008, but it became clear fairly soon thereafter that there was more
to it and the investigation should have been broadened to deal with the grievor’s
allegations of continuing discrimination and harassment.
[91] There are other aspects of the Fact Finding Report that might explain the grievor’s
dissatisfaction. The April report was prepared without the input of CO Levy. It
concluded that his allegations had not been substantiated without even hearing her
side of the story. I assume the report concluded that the allegations of
discrimination and harassment had not been substantiated but the report appears
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to discount the grievor’s account in total. It makes no mention of the other
witnesses’ Occurrence Reports which corroborated the grievor’s account.
[92] Again, it would have been reasonable, based on the limited time frame of the
investigation, for Mr. Mackenzie-Haines to find that it was nothing more than a
dispute between two employees. The conclusion and recommendations in Mr.
Mackenzie-Haines’ reports would have been an appropriate and reasonable result
in those circumstances. However, that was not the end of it. The grievor, five
days later, told Mr. Roth that he was being called “retard” and “idiot” when he
walked down the corridors and asked him to investigate his poisoned work
environment. Subsequently the grievor complained that CO Levy was accusing
him of being a racist, which he found offensive, and mocking him by acting as if
she was filing a complaint against him. He believed she was intentionally
harassing him and was seeking assistance from the Employer. He felt the
Employer’s failure to act was a message to the harasser that it condoned her
actions.
[93] The WDHP policy defines discrimination as any practice or behaviour, whether
intentional or not, which has a negative impact on an individual or group based on
one or more of the prohibited grounds under the Code. There is no dispute that
disability is one of those prohibited grounds. Harassment is defined as engaging in
a course of vexatious comment or conduct against an employee or other worker in
the workplace that is known or ought reasonably to be known to be unwelcome
and includes personal harassment and harassment based on the prohibited
grounds cited in the Code. There is no doubt that the grievor was subjected to a
course of action that was related to his disability and that it created a negative
impact on his workplace. It was a course of vexatious conduct that ought to have
been known to be unwelcome. The policy also states that allegations of
discrimination and harassment are to be taken seriously and responses are to be
timely. The Fact Finding is intended to correctly identified problems with the
purpose of restoring the positive work environment and preventing future violations
of the collective agreement or Code. In this case the Employer failed to correctly
identify the problems, or at least the true nature of the complaint.
DECISION
[94] I find that the grievor was subjected to discrimination with respect to his disability
and harassment by another employee. Both of these are violations of the
collective agreement and the Ontario Human Rights Code. He complained
promptly and expected that his Employer would deal with his concerns. There is
no strict liability on the Employer for these violations and any liability that may
apply depends on the extent of its knowledge and its efforts to eliminate them.
[95] In this case I find that the Employer did act promptly when it appointed Mr.
Mackenzie-Haines to conduct a Fact Finding into the grievor’s allegations. I was
not advised about the terms of reference he was given or the scope of his
investigation but it appears to me that the report that resulted reviewed the events
of November 14th and came to the conclusion that the grievor’s allegations had not
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been substantiated. There is no reference to any of the events the grievor had
complained about following November 14th, 2008 including a subsequent WDHP
complaint and this grievance. The Employer’s response to the first WDHP
complaint was not enough. The investigation should have been broadened to
ensure the grievor’s right to a workplace free of discrimination and harassment.
[96] This was not a case of a systemic discrimination but rather, in my view, the actions
of an individual employee. There has been no suggestion that the name-calling
escalated and became common throughout the institution. In fact, it would seem
that the discriminatory comments and harassment ceased and is no longer a
concern for the grievor. Nevertheless, from the date of the first incident in
November of 2008 until at least the end of 2010, he felt his working environment
had been poisoned by the discrimination and harassment. I agree with him.
[97] I find the Employer did fail to ensure a workplace free from discrimination and
harassment. It failed to meet its obligation to investigate in a complete and
thorough manner the real complaints of the grievor. It was of the view that
because it and CO Levy were unaware of the grievor’s disability, her remarks could
not have been discriminatory. When the remarks continued after she/they were
aware, it had a responsibility to investigate. Mr. Roth decided that he only had to
act if the grievor could identify who was throwing these insults. That was not the
grievor’s responsibility and, in any event, the fact they were unidentified at the time
is not an excuse to ignore such a serious situation. Finally, Mr. Roth’s attitude that
posting another memo about discrimination and harassment would be a waste of
time is unacceptable. The battle against both of them is continuous and when one
avenue fails, the Employer has a duty to look for another. Otherwise, it never
ends. People ignore warnings because they have no follow-up consequences.
REMEDY
[98] The grievor is entitled to a declaration that the Employer failed to provide a
workplace free from discrimination and harassment.
[99] The union has asked for damages. In the Simon case (supra), the grievor
provided medical evidence of the effects of the discriminatory actions in the
institution on his blood pressure and his home life. He was awarded compensation
for all lost wages, with interest, and the sum of $1,000.00 for mental and emotional
suffering. In the Re Charlton case (supra), the grievor received a letter full of racist
and sexist insults. The Union and the Employer reached an agreement on the
facts but asked the Board to deal with the appropriate remedy. The Board stated
that its jurisdiction to award a remedy flowed from the terms of employment
between the grievor and the employer that guaranteed the grievor a workplace free
of racial discrimination and harassment. The remedies also flow from the Board’s
inherent remedial jurisdiction. It stated, at page 11:
The Board does not accept the argument that, where there has
been the breach of the contractual guarantee of freedom from racial
harassment in the workplace, that compensation for loss of income
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relates only to the injury to the victim’s health. The jurisdiction of
this Board is to compensate the grievor for damage to her dignitary
interest as far as can be done by a monetary award. A monetary
award that does not provide for complete compensation for the full
financial loss arising from the breach of such a fundamental term of
the contract would far well short of this remedial mandate. Put
another way, if the grievor’s dignitary interest is to be restored, she
should not be financially worse off than if the racial harassment had
not occurred. The Board, therefore, concludes that it does have
jurisdiction to compensate the grievor for all financial losses that
flowed from the workplace racial harassment that she suffered.
[100] The Board ordered that the grievor be reimbursed with all monetary losses. It
noted that awards for mental distress can only be awarded if there has been a
breach of the collective agreement. In that case the Board ordered the employer
to pay the grievor $20,000 for mental distress arising from the breach of the
guarantee of freedom form discrimination and harassment. The grievor, in that
case, had suffered severe consequences because of the harassment she
experienced. She was off work for quite a long period of time, and while she was
not working, she had no income. The stress of her financial problems and the
harassment caused her extreme stress which explains the amount of the
damages. In the case before me, I have no evidence of financial losses or any
medical reports to speak to the grievor’s state of mind. He testified that he felt
humiliated by being called a “retard” and an “idiot”. It brought back memories of
his childhood when he was bullied for being in a special class. I accept his
evidence on this point. His enjoyment at work and his security at work were
lessened not only by the derogatory comments but also by the indifference of his
Employer.
[101] Calculating the appropriate damages for loss of dignity and mental distress is not
an exact science. The cases provided to me have a range of $1,500 to $25,000,
depending on the nature of the offence, the duration of the offence, the attempts by
the employer to eliminate the harassment and the effect on the grievor. In the
instant case I believe an award in the amount of $1,500.00 is appropriate.
Dated at Toronto, Ontario this 14th day of October 2014.
Loretta Mikus, Vice-Chair