HomeMy WebLinkAbout2013-2135.Union.15-02-18 DecisionCrown Employees
Grievance Settlement
Board
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Commission de
règlement des griefs
des employés de la
Couronne
Bureau 600
180, rue Dundas Ouest
Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8
Tél. : (416) 326-1388
Téléc. : (416) 326-1396
GSB#2013-2135
UNION#2013-0702-0009
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
(Union) Union
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The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Attorney General) Employer
BEFORE Nimal Dissanayake Vice-Chair
FOR THE UNION Seung Chi
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
Grievance Officer
FOR THE EMPLOYER Stewart McMahon
Treasury Board Secretariat
Legal Services Branch
Counsel
HEARING January 30, February 3 and February 5, 2015
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Decision
[1] A policy grievance filed by the union on August 13, 2013 came before the Board for
arbitration. Three days had been scheduled. Employee Ms. Judith McLeod was
provided third party notice. She attended the hearing except on the first day and also
made a brief statement in closing, in addition to testifying for the employer.
Following opening statements on the first day of hearing, in discussion with the Vice-
Chair, the parties agreed to proceed under the mediation-arbitration provisions of
article 22.16 of the collective agreement. It was agreed that relevant facts each party
wishes to rely upon would be presented by counsel orally including what its witnesses
“will say” if called to testify. It was further agreed that on certain narrow areas where
facts were in dispute, the parties would call viva voce evidence. Each party also filed
a book of documents. This process was followed. The union called Mr. Tom Wood,
Staff Representative, and the employer’s only witness was Ms. McLeod.
[2] In essence, the instant grievance alleges that the employer contravened article 6 of the
collective agreement by failing to post a full-time vacancy in the position of Victim
Witness Service Worker (VWSW) at its office in Kenora, Ontario. The union submits
that the employer was not entitled to rely on a Job Share Agreement as relieving it from
its article 6 posting obligation because it did not comply with the requirements of article
10.2, and was therefore invalid. Article 10.2 reads:
10.2 JOB SHARING
10.2.1 Job sharing can occur where there is agreement between the
employees who wish to job share, the Union, and the Employer.
10.2.2 It is agreed that job sharing results from two employees sharing
a full-time regular position and as such the position shall continue
to be identified as a full-time regular position.
10.2.3 Employees in a job sharing arrangement must share the same
classification and level.
10.2.4 The sharing of the hours of work shall be determined by the
parties to the sharing agreement but in no case shall one employee
work less than fourteen (14) hours per week.
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10.2.5 (a) Employees in a job sharing arrangement shall be accorded
the Working Conditions and Employee Benefits contained in Parts
A & B of this Central Collective Agreement and part A of the
Bargaining Unit Collective Agreements. However, where
applicable, they shall be pro-rated in accordance with employee’s
hours of work.
(b) Part C of this Central Collective Agreement and part B of the
Bargaining Unit Collective Agreements will be used to provide
administrative direction for the applicable pro-rating of the
working conditions and benefits, and Article 57.1 (Pay and
Benefits Administration) for the purposes of calculating a basic
hourly rate.
10.2.6 In the event that one employee in the job sharing arrangement
leaves that arrangement on a permanent basis for any reason the
remaining employee would first be offered the opportunity to
assume the position on a full-time basis.
10.2.7 If the remaining employee declines the full-time opportunity,
the position may be posted and advertised as a job sharing
vacancy, subject to the provisions of this Central Collective
Agreement
10.2.8. Failing successful filling of the job sharing position, the
remaining employee shall be offered a further opportunity to
assume the position on a full-time basis.
10.2.9 If the remaining employee still declines this opportunity, the
position would continue to exist as a full-time position and the
Employer may fill the balance of hours through temporary
measures, if required.
10.2.10 The Employer undertakes to notify the President of the Union
of all job sharing arrangements.
[3] Ms. Miriam MacDonald was employed as a full-time VWSW at the Kenora office. For
personal reasons, she wanted to reduce her work hours and sought to achieve that through
a job share. She indicated to her manager, Ms. Kelly Alcock, that she was unable to find
an OPS employee to job share, and proposed that she be allowed to share her job with
Ms. Debbie Lundgren, who was not employed in the OPS at the time. Ultimately, Ms.
MacDonald’s request was granted. Ms. Lundgren was granted a 5.5 month temporary
assignment in the position of VWSW, as a fixed term employee. Effective January 1,
2008, Ms. MacDonald’s hours were reduced to 18.5 per week, and Ms. Lundgren
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performed the balance of the hours as part of a job share arrangement. On the expiration
of Ms. Lundgren’s fixed term contract, she was hired on December 15, 2008 into the
regular service on a part-time basis (“RPT”), pursuant to a job posting.
[4] The evidence is that sometime in late December 2009, Ms. Lundgren resigned from her
RPT position, which she had been performing under the job share arrangement with Ms.
MacDonald. In March 2010, the RPT position vacated by Ms. Lundgren was posted as a
job share opportunity. Ms. McLeod was the successful applicant, and she assumed duties
effective May 18, 2010 performing 18 hours per week.
[5] When Ms. MacDonald resigned her position effective July 10, 2013, the portion of the
job share arrangement that had been performed by her became vacant. The employer
offered the VWSW position on a full-time basis to the remaining job share employee,
Ms. McLeod, who accepted it. The instant policy grievance was filed on August 13,
2013, wherein the union seeks, inter alia, that the employer be ordered to post the
position occupied presently by Ms. McLeod as a fulltime vacancy.
[6] The key issue for determination is whether or not a valid job share agreement came into
existence between Ms. MacDonald and Ms. Lundgren in January 2008, because
everything else flows from it. The union submits that no valid job share arrangement
came into existence because no written document was signed off. It is the union’s
position that in the absence of a valid job share agreement the provisions of article 10
have no application to exempt the employer from its article 6 posting obligation.
[7] The employer’s primary position is that there is no requirement in the collective
agreement that a job share agreement be in writing. In the alternative, it was submitted
that, although there was no single document signed off by the four parties in question,
signatures on behalf of each of the parties are in evidence indicating written agreement on
the essential elements of a job share agreement. In the further alternative, the employer
argued that the union is in any event estopped from asserting a right to have the position
in question posted under article 6.
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[8] I have considered the evidence, the legal authorities, and submissions presented over
three full days of hearing. The initial issue is whether a job share agreement, to be valid,
must be in writing. Under article 10.2.1 job sharing can occur, “where there is agreement
between the employees who wish to job share, the union and the employer”. The union
concedes that there is no provision in the collective agreement that the agreement to a job
share must be in writing. However, it was argued that such requirement must be inferred
in article 10.2.1.
[9] I find no basis for such an inference. The collective agreement is replete with references
to communications between the union, the employer and employees. In some cases the
communication is explicitly required to be in writing. Examples are article 20.7.2
(employee offer to take voluntary exit to be in writing); 22.2 (grievance to be in writing);
22.3 (employer response to the grievance to be in writing); 50.4 (benefits coverage for
employee on pregnancy leave to continue unless elected in writing otherwise). Similarly,
the collective agreement contains numerous references to “agreements”. In some cases it
is explicitly provided that the agreement must be in writing. Examples are article 11.3
(new or seasonal/temporary headquarters may be designated by mutual agreement in
writing); 22.14.3 (Time limits for processing of grievances may be extended by
agreement of the parties in writing). On the others hand, there are other provisions in the
collective agreement, without reference to “written” or “in writing”. In addition to article
10.2.1, article 22.16.3 (Med/arb to begin within 6 months of referral unless a later date
“agreed to by the parties”; 22.16.2 (med/arb decision to be issued within 5 days “unless
the parties agree otherwise”; 22.16.6 (med-arb process not to be utilized for certain types
of grievances “except with the mutual agreement of the parties”; 22.16.7 (med/arb
decision to have no precedential value “unless the parties agree otherwise”).
[10] In interpreting the terms of a collective agreement, effect must be given to the language
used. It is apparent that the instant parties have put their minds to when communications,
and more importantly agreements, must be in writing. In some instances, they have
stipulated that agreements must be in writing. In others no such requirement is stipulated.
Particularly considering that these are sophisticated parties with a long history of
collective bargaining, it must be recognized that their use of different language was
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intentional, and not simply a result of sloppy drafting. Where they intended something to
be in writing as a condition of validity, they have expressed that intention by use of
language such as “in writing” or “upon written agreement’. The logical inference is that
where they have not used such language, there was no intention that there was a
requirement of a written agreement. Since article 10.2.1 simply requires “agreement of
the parties”, the Board would be adding a requirement of a written document, which was
not intended by the parties. Therefore, the Board concludes that there is no requirement
in article 10.2.1 that an agreement to job share be in writing, as a condition of validity.
[11] Although a written document is not required, article 10.2.1 clearly contemplates an
agreement to job share between four parties, namely the two employees, the union and
the employer. Therefore, the next issue is whether there was such an agreement with
respect to a job share between Ms. MacDonald and Ms. Lundgren. The evidence is that
Ms. MacDonald, having first enlisted management’s support to job share with Ms.
Lundgren, e-mailed Mr. Joe Barron, the union staff representative serving the area at the
time, indicating the manager’s support for the job share she was proposing, and seeking
the union’s approval. Mr. Baron opined that he was very doubtful it would be approved
by the union. However, he proceeded to forward Ms. MacDonald’s request to the
union’s Job Security Unit at head office. That was in turn referred to Ms. Sandra Harper,
the union’s staff member responsible for job share issues. The evidence is that Ms.
Harper’s advice communicated to Mr. Barron was to the effect that since Ms. Lundgren
was not an OPS employee, the only way the job share can be approved is that it be for a
period no longer than one year, and that any job share that exceeds one year must be
between two employees in the regular service. The evidence is that Ms. Alcock also
contacted the president of union local at the time, Ms. Allison Cartwright, advising her of
the job share request, and stating that she “would really like your assistance in
understanding what it is we can and can’t do”. Ms. Cartwright referred Ms. Alcock’s
inquiry also to Mr. Barron.
[12] The advice Mr. Barron received was passed on to Ms. MacDonald, and through her, to
Ms. Alcock. Ms. Alcock therefore approved and implemented the job share arrangement
sought by Ms. MacDonald and agreed to between her and Ms. Lundgren. In order to
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comply with the condition required by the union, Lundgren was hired on a Fixed-Term
contract limited to a period of 5.5 months.
[13] The evidence is that the job share arrangement between Ms. MacDonald and Ms.
Lundgren worked out to their satisfaction, as well as of the employer. However, the
union had stipulated that a job share involving a Fixed Term employee could not exceed
one year. Such an arrangement had to be between two employees in the regular service.
Therefore, the employer posted that portion of the VWSW position Ms. Lundgren was
performing as a Regular Part-Time position. In order to facilitate the recruiting process,
Ms. Lundgren’s contract was extended to August 30, 2008, which was still within the one
year limit placed by the union. Mr. Barron was advised of this extension as well as the
posting of the RPT position. The posting in August 2008 explicitly noted that “This will
be a job share arrangement”, and that it will have 18 hours per week, which was exactly
the number of hours Ms. Lundgren had been performing. Once Ms. Lundgren won the
ensuing competition and became a RPT employee, her job share with Ms. MacDonald
met the union’s condition that any job share that exceeds one year must be between two
employees in the regular service.
[14] Viewing the agreement contemplated in article 10.2.1 as a contract, what occurred here
could be described as follows. Under article 10.2.1 there has to be consensus ad idem
between four parties for there to be a valid agreement. Three of the parties, namely, the
two employees and the employer made a proposal or offer to the union to implement a
job share arrangement. The union would not accept the offer as presented. It made a
counter proposal demanding certain conditions be met. Namely, that as an employee not
in the regular service, Ms. Lundgren be not allowed to engage in a job share for longer
than one year, and that any job share arrangement exceeding one year has to be between
two employees in the regular service. The employer accepted the union’s counter
proposal and implemented the job share. The employer met the conditions in the union’s
counter proposal by ensuring that Ms. Lundgren did not participate in a job share for
longer than one year while she had fixed term status. It also took steps to ensure that Ms.
Lundgren was employed in the regular service before the job share arrangement exceeded
the one year limit. In the circumstances, the Board concludes that there was a meeting of
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the minds between the two employees, the union and the employer. Thus, there was “an
agreement between the two employees who wish to job share, the union, and the
employer” as contemplated in article 10.2.1.
[15] The union, through Mr. Tom Wood, who had succeeded Mr. Barron as Union Staff
Representative, led evidence of a practice. As I have already concluded, the collective
agreement does not require that a job share agreement be in writing as a condition of its
validity. Nevertheless, if there is evidence that there had been a practice between the
union and employer to treat a job share arrangement entered into to be valid only if it is
reduced into writing and signed off, there would have been some merit to an argument
that there would be no “agreement” until the terms are reduced into writing. However,
there is no evidence of such a practice. The testimony of Mr. Wood only establishes that
after entering into a job share agreement, as a matter of practice the agreement was
formalized by incorporating the agreed upon terms in a written document which was then
signed off. Mr. Wood, under cross-examination acknowledged that the “entering into” of
a job share agreement, and the “formalizing” of the terms agreed to, were “two different
things”.
[16] The Board concludes that there was no practice between the parties to consider job share
arrangement to be valid only if reduced to writing. Rather, the practice was only to
reduce the terms of the job share agreed to into writing after agreement is reached. This
obviously is a very sensible and prudent practice. Having a written document evidences
the terms agreed to and avoids disputes and grievances. The purpose of the practice, the
evidence indicates, was to ensure that everyone involved, including those administering
and monitoring it, is made aware of what had been agreed to. Thus, according to the
practice, the document was signed off for the union by a number of people, namely the
two employees sharing the job, the union local president, the union staff representative,
the union’s job security officer, the OPS supervisor, and the President of OPSEU. This
clearly supports the conclusion that the “formalization” of the agreement (as Mr. Wood
put it) was for informational and clarity purposes, and not as a condition of validity.
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[17] Support for this conclusion is also found in the evidence. Given that the office was a
small one located in a small town, it is reasonable to assume that it would have been
common knowledge that Ms. MacDonald and Ms. Lundgren were job sharing. In any
event, the employer continuously kept the union informed about the steps it was taking to
implement the job share arrangement between Ms. MacDonald and Ms. Lundgren. The
job share began on January 21, 2008 when Ms. Lundgren was hired as a fixed term
employee. There is evidence that there was regular communication between the union
and the employer about the implementation of the job share. Yet the union did not raise
with the employer any concern that the job share was not signed off and therefore was
invalid and no grievance was filed. This argument was raised only in the context of the
instant grievance filed years later in 2013, after the offer of the position on a full-time
basis to Ms. McLeod.
[18] Once it is concluded, as the Board does, that there was a valid agreement for a job share
arrangement between Ms. MacDonald and Ms. Lundgren, all provisions of article 10.2
become operative. The Board concludes that the employer complied with all of the
applicable provisions. Article 10.2.6 requires that where one employee in a job share
agreement leaves it permanently, the remaining employee be offered the job full-time.
This was complied with. When Ms. Lundgren resigned, Ms. MacDonald was offered the
position full-time. Article 10.2.7 stipulates that where the remaining employee declines
the offer, as Ms. MacDonald did, the position may be posted and filled as a job share
arrangement. The employer did exactly that. It posted and filled the job share vacancy.
Ms. McLeod was the successful applicant in the competition. Thus Ms. McLeod stepped
into the job share portion vacated by Ms. Lundgren. The job share, continued with Ms.
MacDonald and Ms. McLeod as the sharing employees. Then Ms. MacDonald resigned
on July 10, 2013. The “remaining employee” was Ms. McLeod. Therefore, article 10.2.6
mandated that Ms. McLeod be offered the position full-time. The employer did so, and
Ms. McLeod accepted.
[19] In light of all of the foregoing, the Board concludes that the employer did not contravene
the collective agreement. The job share arrangement between Ms. MacDonald and Ms.
McLeod was in compliance with the terms of the collective agreement.
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The offer of the position full-time to Ms. McLeod when the other job sharing employee
Ms. MacDonald resigned, was also in compliance with the collective agreement. In light
of the foregoing conclusion, it is unnecessary for the Board to deal with any of the
alternate arguments advanced by the employer, including estoppel. The instant grievance
is dismissed.
Dated at Toronto, Ontario this 18th day of February 2015.
Nimal Dissanayake, Vice-Chair