HomeMy WebLinkAboutDemopoulos 93-05-05IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
B E T W E E N:
THE ONTARIO COUNCIL OF REGENTS FOR THE
COLLEGES OF APPLIED ARTS & TECHNOLOGY
(FANSHAWE COLLEGE)
Employer
- AND -
THE ONTARIO PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYEES
(FOR ACADEMIC EMPLOYEES)
Union
AND IN THE MATTER OF A GRIEVANCE OF
RAI DEMOPOULOS
Grievor
BEFORE:
Prof. C. Gordon Simmons, Chairperson
Mr. R.J. Gallivan, Employer Nominee
Ms. Jane Grimwood, Union Nominee
APPEARANCES FOR THE EMPLOYER:
Mr. Barry Brown, Counsel
Mr. Fred Steinmetz
Ms. Gail Rozelle
APPEARANCES FOR THE UNION:
Mr. Ian Roland, Counsel
Mr. Gary Fordyce, OPSEU, Local 110
Ms. Rai Demopoulos, Grievor
Hearings into this matter were held in London, Ontario on April 28 and December
15,
The grievor is a professor at Fanshawe College and has been an employee at
that institution since 1981. She commenced her employment as a part-time teacher
and became a full-time faculty member in 1983. On July 3, 1991 Ms. Demopoulos
filed her grievance alleging that the Employer had discriminated against her. Her
grievance reads (Exhibit 1):
I grieve that the College has discriminated against
me, interfered with me, and disciplined me in violation of
articles 2.01 and 29.01 et al of the Collective Agreement
when I was denied an assignment of teaching
photography.
As remedy I seek Phot 105 and Phot 205 and any
other general photography courses presently taught by
sessional, part-time and/or partial-load teachers to be
part of my assignment for 1991-1992.
It can be seen that the grievor is claiming entitlement to teach certain courses in
the Photography Department. She basis her claim on Articles 2.01 and 29.01 of the
Collective Agreement. In his opening statement, Counsel for the grievor added
Article 27.01 which the grievor is relying on in support of her claim. Articles 2.01,
27.01, and 29.01 read as follows:
The Colleges and the Union agree that there will be
2.01
no intimidation, discrimination, interference, restraint or
coercion exercised or practiced by either of them or their
representatives or members because of an employee's
membership or non-membership in the Union or because
of an employee's activity or lack of activity in the Union or
because of an employee's filing or not filing a grievance
including participation in the workload complaint system.
(a) The parties agree that, in accordance with the
27.01
provisions of the Ontario Human Rights Code, there shall
be no discrimination against any employee by the union
or the Colleges, by reason of race, creed, colour, age, sex,
marital status, nationality, ancestry or place of origin.
(b) It is understood that nothing contained in (a)
above limits the right of an employee to grieve in
accordance with the grievance procedure as set forth in
Article 11 hereof.
(c) The parties agree that the implementation of a
special program under Section 13 of the Human Rights
Code, 1981, as amended, shall be deemed not to
contravene clause (a) above.
(a) The College will continue to make reasonable
29.01
provision for the conditions of safety and health in the
employees' work areas in the College by conforming with
the provisions of the Occupational Health and Safety Act
and Regulations.
(b) Where the employee in the performance of
duties uses safety equipment as required under the
Occupational Health and Safety Act of Ontario, the
College shall provide such equipment to the employee at
no cost. Specific eligibility problems shall be resolved by
the Joint Occupational Health and Safety Committee.
Because the grievance is based on allegations of discrimination et al, the facts
become important and will be set out in detail below. As stated previously, the
grievor was first employed in 1981 teaching on a part-time basis. Her area of
teaching included "Introduction to Non-Traditional Occupations for Women". As
time passed the grievor continued to teach in the same program but was given other
courses as well. Some of these courses included teaching English in an upgrading
program and also a counselling course for immigrant women. These courses were in
the Department of Preparatory Studies. During the winter semester in 1990, the
grievor took an English as a Second Language (ESL) teacher training course. The
grievor had also been enrolled as a part-time student at the University of Western
Ontario from September, 1983 and in the spring of 1990 applied for a sabbatical
leave in order that she could attend the university to complete her degree. Her
stated intention was to register and complete classes in both the English
Department and the Department of Visual Arts. It was her further intention to do
course work in both Art History and Studio Art as well as work in Film & Video
History and Criticism. Mr. Rick Mateer, Associate Dean in the School of
Continuing Education, replied to the grievor's application for sabbatical leave
stating, in part, that the subject matter of study that she had planned was not
directly beneficial to the courses taught in the Preparatory Studies area. Mr. Monte
Black, Chair of the Preparatory Studies Department, replied to Mr. Mateer in
support of the grievor's application for her leave. Mr. Black acknowledged that
some of her studies in Art History and Studio Work would have little direct value to
the Preparatory Studies Department. However, he also indicated that there were
other courses she planned to take which would be of direct value to the
Communication & Fine Arts Division and the Design Division should she continue
to teach in those divisions.
Eventually, President Barry Moore, president of Fanshawe College, approved
the application for the grievor's sabbatical leave but in his first paragraph stated:
"It must not be construed from this approval that your proposed course of study will
prepare you for teaching assignments in the photographic area." At the end of the
approval there was space for the grievor's signature indicating that she accepted the
conditions set out in President Moore's letter. However, she added a statement at
the end of the letter which reads:
In response to paragraph one and to ensure that there is
no confusion, it is my understanding that the college has
agreed to give consideration to the continuation of part of
my assignment being in the photography area as a result
of my successfully completing Part One of ESL Teacher
Training.
It is obvious that the grievor's first love is photography and that she relishes
teaching in that area. Mr. Fred Steinmetz is the chairperson of the Communication
Arts Division and the Photography Department falls within that division. The
Board was provided with a list of courses that the grievor had taught between the
years 1987 and 1990 (ExhibitÊ5). This exhibit illustrates that the grievor was
spending considerable hours in teaching photography courses. According to Mr.
Steinmetz's evidence, the only witness called by the Employer, the grievor began
teaching introductory photography courses because of developments that were
occurring in the Preparatory Studies Department.
In 1987 the grievor was employed full-time in the Preparatory Studies
Department. Mr. Black, the chairperson of that department, became aware that
there were to be cutbacks in his department. He was familiar with the fact that the
grievor had photography experience and approached the Communication Arts
Division to see if there were any openings in that department where she could
teach. It was decided that she would be given some introductory photography
courses and she continued to be employed on a full-time basis until 1990 when she
left on sabbatical leave to attend the University of Western Ontario.
Mr. Steinmetz testified that when he heard that the grievor would be away in
the 1990/91 academic year, he hired a student, Ms. Cathy Paul, who was graduating
from the program at Fanshawe in the spring of 1990. Mr. Steinmetz further
testified that the co-ordinator in the department, Mr. Peter Meeuwis, informed Mr.
Steinmetz that he was quite pleased with Ms. Paul's performance. In addition to
Ms. Paul, a Ms.ÊCindy MacDonald was hired on a part-time basis in the Fine Arts
program. Ms.ÊMacDonald taught photography to the Fine Arts students which is
to say she taught photography as an art form as opposed to photography. Before
hiring the two individuals Mr. Steinmetz testified that he contacted Mr. Black to
ascertain if the grievor would have a full teaching assignment in the Preparatory
Studies Department whereupon Mr. Black replied in the affirmative. Mr.
Steinmetz then decided to renew the part-time contracts with Misses Macdonald
and Paul. When the grievor returned from her sabbatical leave she was not given
any courses in the Photography Department but instead was assigned to teaching
ESL in the Preparatory Studies Department.
The foregoing then is the basis for the grievor's claim that she had been
discriminated against, interfered with, and disciplined because she was denied an
assignment of teaching photography.
The Union advanced the position that there was no need for additional ESL
teachers when the grievor was scheduled to return after her sabbatical leave in the
fall of 1991. This is due to the fact that in February, 1991 the Employer had
planned staff reductions in the ESL area. There were seven teachers in that
department who were scheduled to be laid off. The Union knew there were part-
time teachers in the Photography Department and suggested that instead of layoff
the grievor be transferred to the Photography Department. However, no full-time
teachers in ESL were laid off as the Employer found other areas for them to teach
and/or additional funding came in.
Another area of her claim is that she alleges the Employer had promised to
allow her to teach photography upon her return from her sabbatical leave. This is
based upon the documents contained in her application for sabbatical leave
(ExhibitÊ4) wherein President Moore approved her leave but which she added the
comment at the end of the approval letter stating that she be given consideration to
teach in the Photography Department. Mr. H.W. Rundle, Vice-President Academic,
wrote to the Union on May 30, 1991 wherein he stated that after careful
consideration they would not grant the grievor the two courses in photography that
she was seeking. It was explained that one of the courses, Fine Art, required the
teacher to have an essential qualification; the individual must be first and foremost
an artist who uses this medium and can teach the course from that perspective. Mr.
Rundle further stated that the college had been able to secure such an individual
and would be having that individual teach the course. In regard to the "Audio
Visual Photography course" it was acknowledged that the grievor had taught the
course previously and if the situation was a layoff situation the college would be
prepared to see her continue teaching that course. But since such was not the case,
the course would not be offered to the grievor.
Another ground of alleged discrimination centres around the grievor's
involvement in union affairs. In November, 1989 there was a strike at the college.
The London Free Press carried a story with a picture of the grievor handing out
congratulatory cards to students who were entering a parking lot for graduation
exercises. The grievor stated that she handed material to Mr. Steinmetz on one
occasion when he was passing by the picket line in which she was a steward.
Therefore, it is alleged that this is one of the reasons why the college did not want
her in the Photography Department. The grievor appears to be an assertive person
and the allegation is that the Communication Arts Department did not wish to have
her. Mr.ÊSteinmetz testified that he was unfamiliar with the fact that the grievor
was actively involved in union matters and while he may have seen her on the
picket line there were numerous teachers on the picket line. He denies that her
union activity had anything to do with not having her teach the photography
courses upon her return from her sabbatical leave in September, 1991.
Another ground for the grievor's allegation centres around a health and
safety issue. There is a darkroom in the Photography Department which had
inadequate venting. The grievor raised this matter with Mr. Steinmetz who,
according to the grievor's evidence, took the matter seriously and acted on having
improvements take place. However, on one occasion during the summer of 1990 the
grievor met Mr.ÊSteinmetz on a chance encounter and when she asked how the
vent system was proceeding he appeared to be abrupt. She admitted in cross-
examination that she assumed he was abrupt because of her continually asking
questions concerning the vent system.
Mr. Steinmetz, on the other hand, testified that he had been going through a
marriage break-up and had many things on his mind at the time and could have
been abrupt but that was not due to the venting system, it was in fact due to the
breakdown in his marriage.
The grievor also alleges that she is being discriminated against because she
is female and the Photography Department is dominated by four full-time teachers
who are males. She is described as an assertive woman (to use her phrase, "uppity
woman"). One example is an occasion when the grievor was performing work in the
darkroom complex where she was dry mounting and cutting student work for the
Design School's open house. Four males came into the area laughing and talking
and she overheard what she assumes was an audio tape which she described as a
pornographic tape. She testified that it sounded to be a woman having sexual
intercourse and selling sex. One of the males came to the area where she was
working and stared at her which made her uncomfortable. She could not work so
gathered her materials and went straight to Mr. Steinmetz's office but his door was
locked. She then reported what she had seen and heard to Mr. Steinmetz the next
day whereupon she testified that Mr. Steinmetz was visibly disturbed and said he
would check into it. When the grievor met Mr. Steinmetz a few days later, he
informed the grievor that he had looked into the matter and informed her there was
nothing improper about it because the tape belonged to a faculty member and it was
being used in a class. He elaborated that the tape was being used for discussion
purposes to differentiate between pornography and art. However, the grievor
testified that there was no teacher with the students when she encountered them
and she further testified that the alleged teacher had been a friendly individual
until this incident but his attitude became one of hostility afterward. The grievor
maintains that she is being discriminated against because of her assertiveness in a
male-dominated department.
The foregoing then is a recital of the salient facts that we have before us. The
question then is do those facts reveal discrimination, interference, or discipline as
alleged in the grievance.
In turning first to the allegation that the grievor was discriminated against
because of her union activity which is prohibited in Article 2.01, we were referred to
an earlier arbitration decision between these parties chaired by Kenneth P. Swan,
dated November 30, 1988 wherein that board referred yet to another earlier
decision between these parties chaired by Arbitrator Brent. In the Swan award the
grievor was a teaching master in the Mechanical Technology Division teaching
courses in the stationery engineering program. The chairman of that division was
Mr. Fred Brill. Mr. Brill visited one of the grievor's classes without prior
announcement. It was found that Mr. Brill showed a considerable degree of
displeasure with the grievor's conduct of the class and with the course materials
available to be shown to him. The Board went on to state that it was likely that Mr.
Brill was frustrated with the grievor and made that perfectly clear both to the
grievor and to the students present. When the grievor filed his grievance the
Employer responded that it felt the grievor was throwing up a smoke screen to
mask the fact that he was failing to carry out a number of very specifically assigned
facets of his job. The Employer went on to state that it would be addressing these
matters directly and separately in the very near future. The grievor viewed this
statement by the Employer as constituting a threat of disciplinary action and filed a
second grievance. The second grievance basically claimed that he was being
intimidated by threats of disciplinary action because he had filed a grievance. The
Union claimed that the classroom evaluation by Mr. Brill was intimidating,
harassing, and discriminatory and was in direct response to Union activity on the
grievor's part. The Swan board had the following to say at pages 15 and 16:
Both counsel agreed that the appropriate test for a
breach of Article 2 of the collective agreement has been
propounded in another arbitration between the present
parties, Re Fanshawe College and Ontario Public Service
Employees Union (Lovelock), unreported, January 23,
1986 (Brent). In a unanimous award, the board of
arbitration found that in such a case the Union has the
onus of proving first that there was discrimination, and
second that the discrimination was based on one of the
prohibited grounds set out in Article 2.01. On page four of
the award, the board returns to this theme:
As noted above, there are two
questions to be answered in assessing
whether or not there has been a violation of
Article 2.01. Logically we should start by
asking whether there has been any
discrimination; however, we prefer to start
with a second question. Let us assume,
therefore, for the sake of our analysis, that
the grievor has been treated in a
discriminatory manner and ask whether
there is any reasonable basis for concluding
that there is a connection between her
treatment and her Union activities.
We agree that in a situation where
there has been discrimination on any
prohibited ground, it would be rare to have
an admission of wrongful behaviour. It is
therefore necessary to examine all of the
evidence and to draw inferences from that
evidence. In this situation we have no direct
evidence of any connection between the
grievor's Union activities and what occurred.
There is no evidence of any past antagonism
between her and Mr. Black or past behaviour
on Mr. Black's part which could lead to the
conclusion that he was annoyed or bothered
by the grievor's Union activities. There is, in
short, a total lack of evidence of any past
dealings or behaviour which could suggest
that Mr. Black's actions in this case were
part of a pattern of behaviour which could be
labeled as being discriminatory because of
Union activities.
We agree with the Br ent board that the test is
twofold, and we propose to approach the matter in the
same order, by first considering whether there is anything
to connect the treatment of the grievor with, in the case of
the first grievance, his activity in respect of the Union, or
in the case of the second grievance, with his filing of the
first grievance.
The grievances were dismissed.
In the instant situation the grievor alleges that she was denied teaching
assignments in the Photography Department because of her involvement in the
strike activity of November, 1989. She has been a union steward since 1986 to the
present day. She was picket captain and a member of the strike committee that
occurred in October/November, 1989. She has been the Local's representative on
the London and St. Thomas District Labour Council since 1988 to the present time.
She is presently Chair of the Women's Committee on that Council. In 1987 and
1988 she was the Local's representative on the Fanshawe College Affirmative
Action Committee.
Mr. Steinmitz testified that he had been unaware that the grievor had been a
picket captain during the strike in 1989. While we agree with the Brent and Swan
approaches that the test for violation of Article 2 is twofold, we are unable, based on
the evidence that is before us, to get past the first test. That is to say, the first
portion of the test is that we assume that there was discrimination. The evidence
does not permit us to make that assumption. While the grievor may have surmised
that Mr. Steinmitz disliked her high profile in the strike, that alone is insufficient
to establish an element of discrimination. Mr. Steinmitz stated that he did not
know that the grievor was a picket captain and did not in any way consider her
union activities in reaching any of the conclusions that he reached. It is true, as the
Brent award states, that it would be rare to have an admission of wrongful
behaviour. However, even when we look at the evidence of the grievor there are no
statements to the effect that Mr. Steinmitz behaved in any way which would give an
indication to the grievor that he was acting improperly and on one of the prohibitive
grounds set out in Article 2.01. Accordingly, this arm of the grievance cannot
succeed and must be dismissed.
Next there is the ventilating system which raised health and safety concerns.
The grievor claims that she was discriminated against because of her continued
requests of Mr. Steinmitz to improve the system. Mr. Steinmitz's evidence is that
the ventilating system has been a problem since 1970 or 1971. He considered the
grievor to be an ally in effecting repairs to the system. The grievor herself states
that Mr.ÊSteinmitz was receptive and took her concerns seriously and acted on
them. The one time when Mr. Steinmitz was abrupt was when she met him outside
of the area and asked him how the repairs to the ventilating system were
proceeding. Mr. Steinmitz explains that he could very well have been abrupt on
that occasion due to marital problems and if such were the case he apologized to the
grievor during the course of his testimony. Mr. Steinmitz maintained that he
considered the grievor to be an ally in effecting repairs to the ventilating system.
He readily admits that the system was not adequate and testified that on occasions
he closed the area because of the presence of fumes. Based on that evidence in its
totality, we are again unable to conclude that there was discrimination against the
grievor because of her urging that the ventilation system in the darkroom be
repaired. Accordingly, we are unable to conclude that Article 29.01 has been
breached and this branch of the grievance likewise must fail.
Third, it is alleged that the Employer discriminated against the grievor in
violation of Article 27. That is to say, the grievor being an "uppity woman" was
assertive in pursuing her rights was therefore denied being assigned courses in the
Photography Department. The evidence again does not support such an allegation.
Mr. Steinmitz had hired two part-time, female teachers during the grievor's absence
on her sabbatical leave. Part-time teachers are hired on annual contracts.
Mr.ÊSteinmitz testified that prior to renewing the part-time teachers' contracts he
contacted Mr.ÊBlack, Chair of the Preparatory Studies Department, to ascertain
whether the grievor would be fully employed in the Preparatory Studies
Department or whether there was insufficient work in the department for the
grievor to be employed on a full-time basis before he decided to renew the contracts
of the part-time teachers. Mr. Black assured Mr. Steinmitz that there was full-time
work for the grievor in his department. Once having received this assurance from
Mr. Black, Mr. Steinmitz then renewed the contracts for the part-time teachers. In
these circumstances, can it be said that the Employer has discriminated against the
grievor because of her sex? We think not. The two part-time teachers are female
who were hired while the grievor was on sabbatical leave. It is true that part-time
teachers do not enjoy the same measure of job security as do full-time teachers. It is
further the case that the contracts of employment for part-time teachers are on a
renewable annual basis. Nevertheless, the evidence reveals that prior to making
commitments to the part-time teachers enquiries were made to ascertain the
available workload for the grievor in the Preparatory Studies Department before
making such a commitment. In such circumstances, we are of the opinion that
there is no discrimination evident that could be said to be present to establish a
violation of Article 27. Accordingly, this leg of the grievance likewise fails and must
be dismissed.
Accordingly, for all of the foregoing reasons, we find that the Employer has
not violated the Collective Agreement and the grievance must be and is hereby
dismissed.
Dated at Kingston, Ontario, this 5th day of May, 1993.
[--- Unable To Translate Box ---]
C. Gordon Simmons
Chairperson
"R.J. Gallivan"
I concur/dissent[--- Unable To Translate Box ---]
R.J. Gallivan
Employer Nominee
"Jane C. Grimwood"
I concur/dissent[--- Unable To Translate Box ---]
Jane Grimwood
Union Nominee