HomeMy WebLinkAbout1988-0157.MacMillan.88-10-24. · .,...: : ONTARIO EMPLOY~-S OE (...A COUF{ONNE
~ CROWN EMPI.. 0 YEES DE L 'ON TA.RtO
GRIEVANCE C,OMMISSION DE
· SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS
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157/88
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
Between:
OPSEU (Brian MacMillan)
Crievor
and
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Correctional Services)
Employer
Before: G.J. Brandt Vice Chairperson F. Collom Member
D. Walkinshaw Member
For the Grievor: L. Rothstein
Counsel
Gowling & Henderson
Barristers and Solicitors
For the Employer: E. Hipfner
Staff Relations Officer
Staff Relations Section
Management Board of Cabinet
Hearing: August 9, 1988
DECISION
This is a grievance of Brian MacMillan claiming that he has
been denied his "vacation entitlement for 1987 due to my workers
compensation injury." The relief requested is that the grievor
be credited his vacation time for 1987.
Prior to the hearing the Employer sought consent of the
Union to an adjournment of the hearing pending the issuance of an
award of another panel of the Board constituted to hear a
grievance raising an issue which is, to all intents and purposes,
identical to that before this panel.(Du~uis ~ Ministry of
CorrectiQnal Service~ 1335/86 (Knopf). As the Union would not
consent the Employer sought an order adjourning the proceedings.
The issue on the merits is whether an employee who is'absent
from work due to a compensable injury can be regarded as on a
leave of absence with pay such that he or she continues to
accumulate vacation credits within the meaning of Article 47.3 of
the collective agreement.
This identical issue has been before the Board in two other
cases. One is Dupuis.(supra). The other is Sears (1!29/8~, M.
Picher) where the Board, on May 24, 1988, decided the issue in
favour of the grievor and declared that the grievor was entitled
to the continued accrual of vacation credits and ordered the
Employer to adjust the grievor's vacation credits accordingly.
The Employer regards that decision to be wrong and has'
refused to implement it. We were advised by counsel to the
3
Employer that It is considering but has not yet determined
whether or not to seek judicial review of the Se~z~ award.
In the meantime the issue reached the Board in Dupuis. Both
the Dupuis and Sear% grievances were filed at approximately the
same time. However the S~ur~ grievance was heard on December 3, -
1987 and the Du~q~ grievance was adjourned until May 11, 1988 as
a result of surgery which the grievor required.
When the DUDUiS grievance came before the Board the
Employer sought to persuade the Board that the Sear~ case was
wrongly decided and that it should not be followed. The Board,
chaired by Ms. Knopf, -agreed to hear submissions as to why Sea~
was wrongly decided and the issue was. fully argued. However, a
separate issue relatSng to pensions was not argued on May 11,
1988 and the Board adjourned until mid-November for the purposes
of completing the case without issuing an award on the issue
· which had been disposed of in the ~ears case.
On May 20, 1988 (4 days prior to the release of the decision
in Sears) the grievance before this panel was filed. The
Employer, again taking the position that ~s was wrongly
decided, denied the grievance.
We were advised that a number of Ministries have refused to
.follow Sears and that a number of grievances have been filed. In
so far as the decision in DuD~is may have some bearing on the
resolution of that issue, counsel for ~uD~is, on July 22, 1988,
wrote Ms. Knopf to request her to issue her interim award on the
vacation credits issue prior to reconvening the' Board to hear the
4
separate issue. Counsel for the Employer advised us that it
concurs with this request and that it Will undertake to advise
Ms. Knopf of its position in this regard.
Counsel for the Employer, in speaking to the request for an
adjournment in the instant matter, argued that, in the
circumstances, it. would be better to adjourn this case pending
the outcome of the pupg~ case. while she reserved the right to
seek judicial review of that award, in the event that it
confirmed Sears, counsel indicated to the Board that, in the
event that the Employer chose not to seek jUdicial review of
Dupuis, it would grant the relief claimed by the grievor before
US.
What is at issue is the application of the ruling of the
Chairman of the Board in ~ake (1276/87 et al, Shime) where ,a
panel of the Board was faced with an issue that had already been
determined by a different panel. (Fra.ncis 1528/86, Brandt). In
the following passage the Chairman addressed the question as to
the circumstances in which the Board should hear issues which
have already been determined.
But more important is that the decision in the Fra~ci~
case is the decision of the Grievance Settlement Board.'
In the private sector ad hoc boards of arbitration have
a separate and d~stinct capacity to decide each case on
its o~n merits. Recognizing that individual, but
different, decisions on the same point or issue may
create confusion, arbitrators have balanced the
interests of individual decision making with
predictability by generally adopting a policy that they
will not depart from earlier decisions unless such
decisions are manifestly in error.
But the Grievance Settlement Board is one entity - it
is not a series of separately constituted boards of
arbitration. Under section 20(1) of The Crown
~ml~loyees Collective Bar~ainiDq Act there is "a
Grievance Settlement Board" - that is, one Board.
Under section 20(4) the Grievance Settlement Board may
sit in two panels and under section 20(6) a decision of
the majority of a panel is "the decision" of the
Grievance Settlement Board.
Thus each decision by a panel becomes a decision of the
Board and in our opinion the standard of manifest error
which is appropriate for the private sector is not
appropriate for the Grievance Settlement Board. The
Act does not give one panel the right to overrule
another panel or to sit on appeal on the decisions of
an earlier panel. Also, given the volume of cases that
are currently administered by this Board, the
continuous attempts to persuade one panel that another
panel was in error only encourages a multiplicity of
'proceedings and arbitrator shopping which in turn
creates undue administrative difficulties in handling
the case load.
We are mindful, however, that there is no provision for
appeal and there are limits to Judicial review. While
it is our view that the "manifest.error" theory is.too
lax a standard, we recognize that there may be
exceptional circumstances where an earlier decision of
this board might be reviewed. At this point we are not
prepared to delineate what constitutes exceptional
circumstances and the fleshing out of that standard
will be determined on a case by case basis. The onus
will be on the party seeking review to establish
exceptional circumstances."
Counsel for the Employer argued that the position which it
took in Dupuis did not encourage a "multiplicity of proceedings".
Rather it was submitted that the issue, which had not 'yet been
litigated, unlike Sears, has been before only one panel and the
Employer has, in Dunged, merely sought an opportunity to have
that decision reviewed by the Board itself, rather than by an
application to the Divisional Court. It was argued that, if the
Union is successful in P~uis, the grievor will suffer no
prejudice since he will be credited with the vacation days that
he has lost and will be entitled to use them.
Counsel for the Union submitted that the Employer, by
refusing to implement ~ears, and by seeking a reversal of that
award in pupuis, is, in effect, engaging in a practice of forum
shopping that was criticized by the Chairman in Blake. It was
submitted that this panel should discourage that practice by
proceeding with the instant grievance on the merits and ordering
the relief ordered in Sears. Contrary to the submissions of
counsel for the Employer it was argued that the grievor was
prejudiced in so far as he was unable to take his vacation when
he was entitled to it.
It is our conclusion that this is an appropriate case for an
adjournment. Very little is to be gained by proceeding to hear
the case on its merits. In the event that Dupuis confirms Sears
the matter will be resolved and the grievor will have his relief.
In the event that Dupuis reaches a conclusion at variance with
that in Sears, a decision of this panel one way or the other will
not contribute anything to the resolution of the problem. Only
the "score" will have changed - hard!y-a satisfactory outcome.
The conflict in the decisions of the Board would have to be
resolved by some other means, through judicial review, or
negotiation.
We do not regard our granting of an adjournment to be
inconsistent with the reasoning .in ~lake. If we were to enter
upon a consideration of the case on its merits there is the risk
7
that we would reach a conclusion at variance with either Pupuis
or Sears, particularly if Dupuis does not confirm Sears. This is
the very "horror story" which Blake seeks to avoid. To some
extent the Board, in pupuis, has already started down that road.
We see no reason why we should take that same journey while their
remains the prospect that Sears will be confirmed by pupu~s.
However, having ruled that the matter will adjourned we are
persuaded that our order should be on the basis of certain terms
and conditions.
These terms are as follows: First, in the event that the
Board, in puDui~, confirms g~3%~, the Employer, after DuDuis has
been finally adjudicated and all avenues of appeal or review have
been exhausted, implement the DuDuis/Sears awards in relation to
the grievor herein and make the appropriate adjustment to his
vacation credits. Counsel for the Employer indicated that, in
this event, it would so act. This term merely incorporates that
undertaking as a condition of granting the adjournment.
Secondly, and having regard to the reasoning in Blake, we
think it reasonable to require the Employer to compensate the
grievor for the loss which he has suffered by reason of the delay
occasioned by the Employer's decision'to challenge the result in
Sears. Had the Employer followed Sears, as Blake suggests it
should have, the grievor would have enjoyed his vacation
entitlement. We believe that the reasoning in Blake supports
the view that the parties should be discouraged from re-
litigating an issue already decided. One way of doing that is to
8
attach some added cost to a party which chooses so to act and is
again unsuccessful.
Consequently, we direct that, as a condition of granting the
adjournment, the Employer pay pre-judgment interest to the
grievor in the event that Sears is confirmed.
We acknowledg~ that this is unusual relief in the context of
a claim concerning vacation credits. Accordingly we do not order
the Employer to increase the grievor's vacation credits by an
amount which would reflect that "interest" payment. Rather we
direct that "interest" in the.form of a money payment be made to
the grievor, such payment to be calculated on the basis of the
monetary value of the vacation credits to which he would be
entitled as a result of Sears/D~uis. We further direct that the
period of time over which that "interest" by paid be that time
from the date of this award to the date that the grievor's
vacation credits are ultimately restored to him.
We have not addressed the situation which would arise in the
event that ~u~uis did not confirm Sears. Obviously in that event
the entitlement of the grievor to the relief claimed would be in
issue and no order could be made by us without hearing the case
on its merits should it be brought back before us.
The Board remains seised of jurisdiction in the matter of
determining any issues which might arise between the parties
respecting the implementation of the terms imposed in this award.
9
Dated at LONDON, Ont. this 24th day of October ,
G. J. Brandt, Vice Chairperso~
F. Collom, Member
D: Walkinshaw,~ Member