HomeMy WebLinkAbout1988-0763.Tanevsky.89-07-13~ ONTARIO EMPLOY~-S DE LA COURONNE
CROWN EMPLOYEES OE L'ONTARIO
GRIEVANCE C,OMMISSlON DE
SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT
8OARD DES GRIEFS
?80 DUNDAS STREET WEST, TORONTO, ONTARIO. MSG ~Z8 - SUITE 2100 TELEPHONE/T~L~'PHONE
TS0, RUE DUNDAS OUEST, TORONTO. (ONTARIO) MSG IZ8- guREAu 2100 I416) 598-0688
0763/88
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
Between:
OPSEU (Liouba Tanevsky)
Grievor
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Consumer & Commercial Relations)
Employer
Before:
N.Y. Dissanayake Vice-Chairperson
J. McManus Member
M. O'Toole Member
For the Grievoz: R. Wells Counsel
Gowling, Strathy & Henderson
Barristers & Solicitors
For the EmDlo~e~: L. Thomson Counsel
Hicks Morley Hamilton
Stewart Storie
Barristers & Solicitors
Hearin%s: January 3, 1989
March 21, 1989
DECISION
This is a grievance wherein Ms. Liouba Tanevesky
alleges that she was dismissed from employment without
just cause.
The grievor first commenced employment with the
Ministry of Consumer and Commercial Relations on March
30, 1987 on a three month contract as Certificate/Service
Clerk at the Office of the Registrar General. At the end
of this contract her employment was renewed for a further
two year term ending on July 6, 1989. However, she was
discharged by letter dated August 4, 1988, which gave the
reason for discharge as "the action you took on August
2, 1988, in destroying an application for a Birth
Certificate."
The Board heard evidence about the alleged incident.
On August 2, 1988, the grievor was assigned to the
function of opening mail. The mail addressed to the
Registrar General's Office includes applications from
members of the public for various certificates including
birth, death and marriage. In short, the function of the
employees is to open the mail and sort the different
types of applications for processing.
3
Ms. D. Lopes, another employee who' was working
nearby, testified that shortly before the lunch break she
observed the grievor "wrinkle up an application and stuff
it in the garbage can". She further testified that the
grievor did that very quickly and that at the time her
other hand was in her back PoCket. Ms. Lopes was shocked
by what she saw. At the lunch break the grievor left for
the day as pre-arranged with her supervisor. Prior to
leaving she briefly spoke to Ms. Lopes, but the latter
did not question the grievor about what she had seen.
Ms. Lopes discussed what she had observed with
another employee, Ms. Judy Benson. Ms. Benson went over
to the garbage can, which was about 3/4 full, and found
"a crumpled envelope with an application sticking 6ut."
She testified that it was not right on top but under the
first layer of paper. Ms. Benson and Ms. Lopes viewed
the matter as serious and reported the incident to Ms.
Barbara Cowell, the Supervisor of Revenue Services. Ms.
Cowell testified that the application and envelope was
crumpled into a ball shape when she received it.
Ms. Cowell in turn reported the alleged incident to
Mr. Graham Hall, the Manager of Customer Services. Mr.
'Hall called Mr. Tony Sharpe of Human Resources for
advice. Mr. SharDe advised Mr. Hall that he should
confront the grievor in the presence of a trade union
representative and her supervisor, and give her an
opportunity to explain. A meeting was scheduled for 9:00
a.m. the next day, August 3, 1988, for this purpose.
Ms. Cowe11 was instructed by Mr. Hall to bring the
~rievor to the meeting on August 3. She was further
instructed to advise the grievor that she may have a
union representative ~ccompany her if she so wished, but
she was specifically instructed not to discuss the
allegations or the purpose of the meeting with the
grievor. Ms. Cowell advised the grievor that a serious
allegation had been made against her, that a meeting has
been scheduled at 9:00 a.m. on August 3, and that the
grievor can have a union representative at the meeting.
The grievor inquired what the allegation was, but Ms.
Cowell informed her that she cannot discuss that. The
grievor indicated that she will attend the meeting, but
that she did not feel a need for a union representative.
The meeting was attended by Mr. Hall, Mr. Sharpe,
Ms. Cowell, and the grievor. Ms. Cowell informed the
grievor that she had been observed "crumpling up an
application while touching her back pocket with the other
hand." She showed the application form and noted that
the application form in question indicated that the $5.00
5
fee had been enclosed. The grievor immediately responded
that she did not steal anything and asked "do you think
I would jeopardise my job for $5.00" According to Ms.
CoweI1, when she asked what'she had to say about throwing
out an application, the grievor said "something like if
thats what they say they saw, then I must have done it."
Ms. Cowell testifie4 that the grievor also stated that
she did not know why she would have done it, that she was
not focusing on her job that day and that she must have
done it without thinking.
Ms. Cowell's evidence set out above was confirmed
by Mr. Hall and Mr. Sharpe in its essence, and the
grievor does not dispute that either. However, the three
management witnesses testified that subsequently, Mr.
Hall again asked the grievor directly whether she threw
out the application. According to Mr. Hall, she
responded "yes, yes. I did it, but I don't know why I
did it". Ms. Cowell and Mr. SharDe testified that the
grievor's response was "yes I did it" or words to that
effect. The grievor denies this aspect of the evidence.
After the meeting, the three members of management
discussed the seriousness of the alleged conduct. Mr.
Sharpe spoke to the Director of Staff Relations, who
advised that the employee should be discharged for cause.
6
After further consultation with his supervisor, Mr.
Sharpe drafted the letter of discharge which was signed
by the Director of the Human Resources Branch.
As noted, the allegation by Ms. Lopes included an
observation of the grievor "touching her back Docket" at
the time she threw out the application. That aspect of
the allegation was repeated at the August 3 meeting.
Also, the management brought to the attention of the
grievor that the application noted that $ 5.00 was
enclosed. Despite this evidence, the Employer conceded
that it is not uncommon for members of the public to
check off the "fee enclosed" box without actually
including any money. The Employer made it clear that it
did not rely on any dishonesty on the part of the grievor
in deciding to discharge her. As Mr. Hall put it "the
$5.00 was a non-issue". Accordingly misappropriation of
cash or dishonesty is not an issue in this proceeding
either.
The thrust of the Employer's case is that the
grievor had deliberately thrown out an application for
a birth certificate, with full knowledge of the
seriousness with which the Employer viewed such conduct,
and that she had admitted to having done so. In the
circumstances, Counsel .for the Employee submits that
7
discharge was an appropriate penalty. Alternatively,
Counsel submits that even if the Boar4 were to conclude
that the action was not deliberate but inadvertent, still
discharge is justified because the ~rievor was fully
aware of the proper procedures and of the seriousness of
destroying an application form.
The grievor readily concedes that she was aware of
the proper procedure relating to "no-fee" applications
and that the procedure does not permit the discarding of
an application form under any circumstances. She further
concedes that she was fully aware of the seriousness of
throwing out an application. She claims that she did not
intentionally throw out an application, but concedes that
she may have done so inadvertently. Counsel for the
union submits that in the circumstances nothing more than
a warning is justified.
In addition, Counsel for the union made a legal
argument that the discharge was rendered illegal because
there was a lack of procedural fairness preceding the
discharge. Specifically, the allegation is that the
management, while purporting to extend the right to trade
union representation to the grievor, conspired to deny
her that very right by deliberately refusing to divulge
to her the nature of the allegations and purpose of the
meeting. Counsel submits that if the Board is inclined
not to find that the discharge is illegal per se, at
least it should ignore the evidence relating to the
meeting of August 3, which was a product of the unfair
process resorted to by management.
The Regulations under the Public Service Act,
contain certain provisions entitling employees in the
public service to certain norms of procedural fairness.
However this Board has held that as far as unionized
government employees are concerned, those regulations are
in conflict with the grievance procedure provisions in
the collective agreement and that therefore pursuant to
Section 29(3) of the Public Service Act [now section
30(3)] the grievance procedure prevailed over the
regulations. (See, Harry S. Fercuso9, 35/76 (Beatty).
Nevertheless counsel for the grievor relied on R_.~e
Nicholson a~d Haldiman-Norfolk Regional Board of
Commis$io~grs of Police, (1978) 88 D.L.R. (3d} 671
(S.C.C.) as standing for a general proposition that
employers of public servants and persons holding public
office are obliged to exercise their disciplinary powers
fairly and in accordance with principles of natural
justice.
9
We have concluded that the fairness argument must
fail. The grievor has been unable to point to any legal
right, under the collective agreement or any legislation,
to union representation at a meeting as that held on
August 3, 1988. .Mr. Sharpe who recommended the conduct
of a meeting in the presence of a union representative
testified that he did so not with any legal obligation
in mind, but as a matter of common sense. In Nicholson,
at pp. 682-683, the court set out the rationale for its
finding as follows:
In my opinion, the appellant should have been
told why his services were no longer required
and given an opportunity, whether orally or in
writing as the Board might determine, to
r~spond. The Board ~tself, I would think,
would wish to be certain that it had not made
a mistake in some fact or circumstance which -
it deemed relevant to its determination. Once
it had the appellant's response, it would be
for the Board to decide on what action to
take, without its decision being reviewable
elsewhere, always premising good faith. Such
a course provides fairness to the appellant,
and it is fair as well to the Board's right,
as a public authority to decide, once it had
the apDellant's response, whether a person in
his position should be allowed to continue in
office to the point where his right to
procedural protection was enlarged. Status in
office deserves this minimal protection,
however brief the period for which the office
is held.
The essence of the Court's criticism of the school
board's conduct in that case was that it failed to hear
10
the employee's side of the story before deciding upon a
course of action. In the present case prior to the
meeting, the grievor was advised that there was a
serious allegation against her, although Ms. Cowell
refused to provide the details of such allegation.
Furthermore, at the meeting itself, the complete details
of the allegations were related to the grievor and she
was given full opportunity to respond. Assuming that
the rationale of Nicholson is otherwise applicable to
the grievor, we cannot conclude that she was denied the
fairness and natural justice contemplated by the court.
Even if we accept the union's submission that the
grievor was effectively denied the right to union
representation by Ms. Cowell's failure to disclose the
details as to the allegation and the purpose of the
meeting (she knew that the meeting was to deal with a
serious allegation against her), we cannot extend the
Nicholson principle as including a right to union
representation at a disciplinary meeting. In any event,
as Arbitrator Brandt observed in Re Board of Education
for the CitF of Londonj (1984) 14 L.A.C. (3d) 17 at p.
36, it does not appear that the fairness doctrine in
Nicholson was intended by the court to apply to
employees whose employment relationship was governed by
provisions of a collective agreement. The arbitrator
observed that the court's reasoning suggested "that
11
where there .is an employment relationship whose terms.
and conditions are governed at least in part by a
collective agreement which contains mechanisms by which
decisions taken by the employer can be challenged, there
is no need for the articulation of a general duty of
fairness. The mechanism already exists within the
grievance and arbitration process for ensuring a form of
procedural protection." For all of the aforementioned
reasons the grievor's submissions based on lack of
procedural fairness are dismissed.
Turning to the merits of the case, the parties are
in dispute as to whether the grievor's discarding of the
application was deliberate or inadvertent. The Employer
relies on an "admission" of a deliberate act, and in the
alternative submits that we should in any event find a
deliberate act on the basis of the evidence.
The only management witness who purported to quote
the exact words used by the grievor in making the
alteged "admission" was Mr. Hall. He testified that the
grievor stated "yes, yes, I did it. But I don't know
why I did it." Ms. Cowell and Mr. Sharpe could not
recall what exact words were used. If Mr. Hall's
testimony is accepted, and seen in isolation, it may
appear that the grievor was making an admission to a
.12
deliberate act. However, we get a completely different
impression when that evidence is seen in the context of
the rest of the grievor's responses during the meeting.
All of the management witnesses agreed that the grievor,
when first'confronted with the allegation, uttered words
to the effect that "if thats what they say they saw,
then I must have done it." It is clear from this
response that the grievor at the time was unable to
recall any act of destroying an application, but was
accepting that she may have done it. That statement is
totally inconsistent with an admission to a deliberate
act. It is also in evidence that the grievor explained
that she was not focusing on the job that day, and that
she must have thrown the application out "without
thinking" In our view, when seen in context, the later
statement attributed to the grievor cannot be seen as an
admission to a deliberate act. On the contrary since
she had already accepted responsibility for the
destruction of the application, by saying "yes I did
it", she was simply confirming her acceptance of
responsibility. The fact that she qualified her
statement "I did it" by saying "but I don't know why I
did it" gives further support to the conclusion that she
was not admitting to an act that she was able to recall.
The Board accepts the grievor's evidence that at the
meeting, she did not recall anything about throwing out
13
an application, but was merely accepting that if
LoDes had seen her do so, she must have done it.
Does the evidence establish a deliberate act on the
grievor's part. We think not. Ms. Lopes' evidence as
to the act of throwing the ~pplication was very brief,
She testified that the grievor wrinkled up an
application and stuffed it in the garbage very quickly.
The word "stuffed" is vague and does not necessarily
connote an intentional act. If there was something in
the grievor's actions indicative of an intentional act,
we would have~ expected Ms. Lopes to have testified in
detail about that. However, she did not. The fact that
the crumpled application was not right on top of the
garbage also does not lead to a conclusion that the
grievor deliberately buried the application in the
garbage as counsel for the Employer suggests. The
evidence is that the garbage contained mostly carbon
papers and a few empty envelopes. The application form
was crumpled into a ball. it is quite conceivable that
a paper ball thrown into a garbage bin full of carbon
paper and envelopes will not sit right on top but will
settle under the first layer of paper.
From all of the evidence before us, we cannot
conclude that the grievor's act was deliberate. Counsel
14
for the Employer agreed with the union counsel's
suggestion that the grievor could not have had any
motive to deliberately destroy an application. We find
that she did deposit an application in the garbage, but
that it was an inadvertent, as opposed to a deliberate,
act.
That brings us to the question of whether the
inadvertent destruction of an application is culpable
conduct, and if so, whether discharge is an appropriate
remedy. The grievor conceded that she was fully aware
of the proper procedure for handling no-fee applications
and that the destruction of an application was not
permitted under any circumstances. She also admitted
that the destruction of an application can have serious -
consequences to the applicant member of the public, and
cause inconvenience and embarrassment to the Employer
and its staff. We find that her lack of care in the
circumstances is culpable.
~owever, is discharge an appropriate penalty? We
think not. The grievor had been in a position of
similar trust and responsibility for approximately 1 3/4
years at the Registrar General's office. She had proven
to be a competent and trustworthy employee. The
incident on August 3, 1988, was the first and only
15
occasion where the Employer has had cause to complain
about her Work performance. In the circumstances, the
Board cannot accept the Employer's position that a
single act of inadvertence makes it impossible for the
grievor to continue employment in the position. In our
view, the culpable conduct we have found does not
demonstrate a general attitude problem or general lack
of responsibility on the part of the grievor. From her
good employment record, it is more reasonable to
conclude that it is an isolated aberration on the part
of an otherwise competent and responsible employee. We
have no reason to believe that the grievor will repeat
her conduct in the future. In coming to this
conclusion, we have considered the fact that the grievor
readily accepted responsibility for her act during her
meeting with the Employer on August 3, and at the
hearing before this Board. She also 'acknowledged the
importance of dealing with applications carefully. In
all of the circumstances, discharge would be a grossly
disproportionate penalty. A more appropriate penalty
would be a three day suspension. Accordingly, the
Employer is hereby directed to reinstate the gr~evor for
the balance of her current contract with full
compensation, subject to a three day suspension, and of
16
course subject also to the usual rules relating
mitigation. The Board remains seized in the event the
parties encounter difficulty in implementing this award.
In fashioning the remedy, the Board has considered,
but rejected, the submission of Counsel for the Employer
that the trade union should be held responsible to pay
the wages of the grievor between the first and second
days of hearing. That submission was based on the fact
that the trade union counsel raised a legal argument,
{that the discharge was vitiated by the lack of
procedural fairness) for the first time after the
Employer had led evidence of five witnesses. This
caused the Employer to seek an adjournment to consider
its position, and necessitated a second day of hearing.
In our view, a party is not prevented from changing its
legal position or adducing new legal argument as the
evidence unfolds. It was through the evidence of the
Employer witnesses that it came to light that the
management had decided intentionally not to disclose to
the grievor prior to the August 3 meeting, the details
of the allegations against her or the purpose of the
meeting. When this evidence was presented, the union
counsel immediately Gave notice that he would be making
a legal argument which he then described as "a
conspiracy th'eory", but which was later expounded as a
17
Drocedural fairness argument. Assuming that we have the
jurisdiction to do so, we see no justification in the
circumstances to make the direction against the trade
union as requested.
Dated this i3th day of July , 1989 at Hamilton, Ontario
Nimal V. Dissanayake
Vice-chairperson
/, ,l , .,,,:
. McManus
ember
M. O'Toole
Member