HomeMy WebLinkAboutUnion 92-05-21· N THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
BETWEEN:
ONTARIO COUNCIL OF REGENTS FOR THE COLLEGES OF APPLIED
ARTS AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE FORM OF CENTENNIAl, COLLEGE
(hereinafter called the "College")
ONTARIO PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYEES UNION
(FOR ACADEMIC EMPLOYEES)
(hereinafter called the "Union")
BOARD OF ARBITRATION: Richard H. McLaren
Sherril Murray, Union Nominee
R.J. Gallivan, College Nominee
COUNSEL FOR THE COLLEGE Christopher Riggs
COUNSEL FOR THE UNION Craig Flood
HEARINGS IN RELATION TO THIS MATTER WERE HELD AT TORONTO, ONTARIO, ON
~ANUARY 29 AND APRIL 22, 1992.
AWARD
Mr. Norman Rosenitsch is a Professor at Centennial College who began his
employment on July 16, 1967. He made enquiries about his entitlement to a Sick Leave
Credit - Buyout based on the Letter of Understanding as set out in the collective agreement.
The appropriate College officials had no information to armwer these inquiries. Finally, he
made a formal application to his supervisor to participate in the Buyout Programme (Exhibit
4). He was advised by the supervisor that no information was available, and Mr. Rosenitsch
then proceeded to file this complaint (Exhibit 5).
Ms. Elizabeth Dorey, Manager of Payroll, Employee Records and Benefits
"P.E.R.B.", sent a memo to Mr. Rosenitsch, dated May 8, 1991. This memo contained
information relating to the Letter of Understanding, including a prescribed application form
for the Sick Leave Credit - Buyout Programme (Exhibit 6A & B). Mr. Rosenitsch completed
the application form. On June 27, 1991, the Joint Task Force on Sick Leave determined that
he was eligible for a cash buyout. He was paid $22,016.25 on July 18, 1991 (Exhibit 8).
On April 3, 1991 Mr. P, osenitsch had followed up his complaint with a formal
grievance. (Exhibit 1) It reads as follows:
I am grieving that the Letter of Understanding on page 100
of the collective agreement (Sept. 1, 1989 to Aug. 31, 1991)
has been violated.
(Exhibit 1)
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The outstanding issue relating to the grievance is the Grievor's entitlement to
interest. The Grievor claims an interest entitlement from April 1, 1991 to July 18, 1991, the
date that he received payment. He also makes a claims for interest from July 19, 1991 to the
date of this award, being interest on the interest. The parties agreed that the Board was to
remain seized of the method of calculating interest.
The College asserts a different, interpretation of the Letter of Understancling.
It also asserts that the activity of the Joint Task Force amounts to an estoppel. It called
evidence from Maureen Callahan who is employed at Seneca College where she is currently
Dean of Communication Arts. She was one of the Management members of the Joint Task
Force.
Ms. Cailahan testified that the Task Force was not given a specific date, as
part of their mandate, as to when payments were to be made to eligible candidates for the
Buyout Programme. The Task Force was not prepared to issue any monies mt. il the various
payment options were fully investigated. Part of this investigation involved the requisition of
tas advice so the recipients of the monies would be fully aware of the tax implications
associated with Buyout options. Finally, the Union representative of the Task Force Mr.
Montgomery, suggested that the whole question of buyouts not be raised until after the end of
the academic year, that being April 30, 1991. The Task Force, in carrying out its mandate,
did not contemplate the accrual of interest, or payment of interest on the funds payable to
eligible candidates of the programme.
It was argued on behalf of the Union that. interest is capable of
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being awarded as an arbitrable remedy in appropriate circumstances. In support of that
proposition reference was made to:
Re Beckett Elevator Co. Ltd., 11 L.A.C. (3d) 289 (1983);
Re Ontario Hydro, 11 L.A.C. (3d) 308 (1983) and an
unreported decision between these parties and another
Grievor and another grievance of a Board of Arbitration
chaired by Gall Brent and dated February 20, 1984.
It was argued that the Letter of Understanding and the Joint Task Force
document pursuant to the Letter of Understanding (Exl~bit 9) meant that the Colleges had the
funds available for the Buyout Programme. It was asserted that this amounted to a trust, as
it satisfied the three conditions for the establishment of a trust. There being a trust, then a
trustee is required to act In a prudent, fashion and invest the flmds. In this case the funds
rould be deposited in an interest bearing account, so that the interest is ultimately accrued to
the benefit of the beneficiaries. The beneficiaries would be employees of the College who
would have their Sick Leave credits bought out. In support of these propositions reference
was made to:
Re Norman Estate [1951] O.R. 752 (C.A.); Re Wiard v Gable
[1860] C.K. 458; Re Honseberger v Kratz, [1885] O.K. 521
(Ch. D.); Re Saskatchewan Land and Homestead Co. v Moore,
O.W.N. 684 (Kelly, 1915); Re Hogg v. The Toronto General
Trusts Corporation [1933] S.C.R. 1 (S.C.C.); Re Bell Estate
[1977] 6 (S. Ct.) and Re McOuarrie et al v. Jacobs et al [1987]
26 E.T.R. (B.C.S.Ct.)
In support of its position it was argued on behalf of the College that there was
no violation of the Letter of Understanding, and any right to claim interest presupposes a
violation. It was further argued that there was no jurisdiction in the Board of Arbitration to
award interest. Alternatively, if the awarding of interest can be implied from the collective
agreement, it is subject to the application of discretion. In the circumstances of this case,
the discretion ought to be exercised to deny the awarding of interest. Finally, it was
asserted that there was an estoppel that operated against the Union to prevent the awarding
of interest in this case. In support of these propositions reference was made to the following
decisions:
Re Alexandra Marine and General Hospital & Ontario Nurses
Association, in an unreported decision by Arbitrator Hunter
dated .December 21, 1983; Re Alexandra Marine and General
Hospital & Ontario Nurses Association, in an unreported
decision by Arbitrator Hunter dated May 17, 1984; Re
Polymer Cord Ltd. 10 L.A.C. 31 (Laskin, ].958); Re Canada
Packers Ltd., 11 L.A.C. (2d) 370 (Weatherill, 1976); Re
Dominion Stores Ltd., 15 L.A.C. (3d) 47 (Yeoman, 1984); Re
Fanshawe College of Applied Arts and Technology & Ontario
Public Service Employees Union, in an unreported decision by
Arbitrator Brandt dated December 14, 1988; Re Regional
Municipality of Hamilton-Wentworth, 6 L.A.C. (3d) 147
(O'Shea, 1982); Re Keeprite Inc., 8 L.A.C. (3d) 35 (McLaren,
1982); Re Lambton College & Ontario Public Service
Employees Union, in an unreported decision by Arbitrator
Brown dated December 13, 1986; Re Newport Sportswear
Ltd., 30 L.A.C. (2d) 149 (O'Shea, 1981); Re Ontario Hydro, 11
L.A.C. (3d) 308 (McCamus, 1983) and Re Sheridan College &
Ontario Public Service Employees Union in an unreported
decision by Arbitrator Palmer dated August 19, 185.
In a previous decision between these parties, involving the same Grievor as in
this matter, a majority decision by Arbitrator Brent issued on February 20, 1984, supra, stated
at page 8 that:
"It was recognized in the Mohawk College case, (1982), 5.
L.A.C. (3d) 237 (Brunner, 1982) and in the other cases dealing
with interest that the award of interest is not automatic and
there will be factors to persuade a Board of Arbitration not
to make such an award. We, therefore, find that we have
the power to award interest under the authority of the
collective agreement and the Colleges' Collective BargaIning
Act which directs us to make a binding decision".
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It has become the prevailing view that within the College's collective bargaining relationship,
an award of interest may be granted in the appropriate circumstances. However, there is in
implying such a right a discretion not to award the interest. This Board adopt~ the reasoning
exhibited by Arbitrator Brent and those of the other Community College decisions which have
awarded interest. In so doing, this Board recognizes that the decision of the present
Chairman in l~e Keeprite Inc., supra is distinguishable and ought not to be applied in these
circumstances.
There are three methods of examining the discretion to be applied in
determining whether interest ought to be awarded. In the decision of Arbitrator Hunter
involving Alexandra Marine and General Hospital and Ontario Nurses' Association, an
nreported decision dated May 17, 1984, it was stated at page 4 that the language of the
collective agreement ~mder consideration in that matter, as well as the sequence of
negotiations, lead to the conclusion that interest ought not to be awarded. This is au example
of a determination that prevented the awardin~ of interest because such an award would be
inconsistent with respect to the understanding between the parties. In that case, the
language employed by the parties, in combination with the conduct of the parties, indicated
that the payment of interest was not contemplated. Consequently, the discretion not to
award interest was justified. Further examples of this kind of limitation on the discretion to
award interest may be found in the decision of Re Newport Sportswear Ltd, supra, at page 155
and a further decision by the same Arbitrator in Re Regional Municipality of
Hamilton-Wentworth, supra, at page 152. In applying this limitation on the discretion to
award interest it was submitted on behalf of the College that the
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Letter of Understanding is silent with respect to the awarding of interest. However, in other
parts of the collective agreement such as Article 19, dealing with the pre-paid leave plan,
there is extensive reference to the accumulation of interest in Article 19.01; 19.03 (d); 19.04
(a), (b), and (f); 19.05 (c), (e) and (f).
A second area of applying discretion in the awarding of interest is associated
with the pNnciples of making a party whole as a result of a breach of a collective agreement.
~lds is the most common circumstance where interest is awarded, usually because the
employer is holding money which rightfully belongs to the employee. This situation also arises
where the Employer has improperly withdrawn money from the employee. In these
circumstances, in order to make the grieving party whole, discretion is exercised to permit the
wardhug of interest, particularly in circur~stances where the grievance requested the
awarding of interest as part of the remedy. There are numerous examples of this principle
found in cases such as Alexandra Marine and General Hospital, supra, and Sheridan College and
the Ontario Public Service Employees Union, supra, a decision by Arbitrator Palmer where at
pages 22 and 23 it stated that:
"... here the GrieVor was without salary for a considerable
period of time. During this period she was either deprived
of the use of savings which had to be used for living
expenses or had to borrow money upon which she would have
had to pay interest; the chance of gifts, it would seem, are
rare in this life. Thus, the actions of the College have
caused her expenses beyond the amount of the salary
withheld. A mere payment of her salary, therefore, does
not "make her whole". To provide interest, then, is not to
punish the College (although it is hard to see how this would
be the case when they have deferred the payment of these
monies and either had the use of them or been in a position
where they did not have to borrow it); rather the action is
one of a compensatory nature".
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A similar principle underpinning these decisions with respect to the awarding of interest for
monies withheld by the Employer, can be found in a decision by Arbitrator Brandt in Fanshawe
College of Applied Arts and Technology, supra, and a decision in Lambton College, supra, by
Arbitrator Brown at page 15. It is submitted by Counsel for the Employer that the facts of
this situation did not reveal that the College is holding monies of the employees. Therefore,
in order to make the parties whole and render a compensatory award, it is unnecessary to
award interest. Consequently, it is proper to exercise discretion and not to award interest in
thc circ~tances.
The third area of discretion in the awarding of interest arises in the
circumstances where the conduct of the parties may effect the implied right to interest, as
:~termined by the Arbitration Board. An example of this approach may be found in an
unreported decision by Arbitrator Hunter between the Alexandra Marine and General Hospital
and Ontario Nurses' Association in an award dated May 17, 1984, at page 4 wherein it was
stated that:
"Not only does the reference to "the then current per diem
rate of pay" imply that the parties were not contemplating
interest, but the sequence of negotiations leads to the same
conclusion. The negotiations make it clear to us that O.N.A.
was agreeing to "freeze" the sick leave credits standing to
each employee's account followed by pay out at a
considerably later date. Indeed, the final pay out date was
moved back by one year (to March 31, 1984) with O.N.A.'s
conculTence."
It was submitted that the conduct of the Task Force and particularly the Union
representatives on the Task Force, meant that this was a situation where the implied right of
interest did not exist. Mr. Montgomery, who was one of the Union representatives, had raised
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the issue of interest in discussions with other members of the task force as is indicated in the
testimony of Ms. Callahan, and did not want anything related to the buyout being raised by
members of the bargaining unit until after the end of the school year, which occurred on April
30, 1991. The College representatives agreed to that approach and it was submitted that the
conduct of the parties ought to act as a restraint on this Board of Arbitration in exercising its
discretion to award interest.
Thc appointment of Arbitrator Brcnt in the collective agreement as a chair,
has an impact on the discretion to determine if there is an implied right to receive interest.
This impact arises out of Arbitrator Brent's decision in the Centennial College case where she
concludes that a Board of Arbitration has the authority to award interest under the collective
'~eement, although such an award is not automatic. In this case one ought to go back to the
initial documentation to resolve the dispute. On the one hand the College asserts that there
is no commitment to make a payment to the individuals on April 1, 1991. On the other hand,
the Union asserts that the documents indicate that a trust was created. As a result of a trust
being established, there is a duty upon the College as trustee to ensure that the funds were
invested prudently until payment was made. In not acting this way there was a breach of
trustee duty, which ought to result in the awarding of interest. The Letter of Understanding
states that the arrangements of the sick leave credits buyout are as follows: (a) effective April
1, 1991, the Colleges will make available the sum of five million dollars to commence a
voluntary programme to buyout sick leave credits of employees hired before April 1, 1991.
Neither this language, nor any other part of the Letter of Understanding, make any reference
to the payment of interest on and after the date of April 1, 1991. Furthermore, it makes no
provision that the money or any part thereof is to be in the hands of an individual employee as
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of any particular date, least of all April 1, 1991. The language does say that some money will
be made available to commence the programme. The submission of the Union on that
language is that a purpose trust is created and the test of the three certainties is applicable.
There is also a contractual obligation to make the sum available and the amount is clear.
However, the beneficiaries, other than generally to be employees hired before April 1, 1991,
are not identified. Indeed, one of the duties of the Task Force was to develop a mechanism
which would allow for the identification of applicants who were eligible for payout. Exhibit
13 indicates that there were many more applicants than there were funds to pay them. There
is a lack of certainty as to who the beneficiaries are. While there is use of imperative
language, there is little to suggest that the monies be segregated and held for the benefit of
whoever may be defined as being the appropriate recipient of the monies. Therefore, the
~oard of Arbitration finds that there is insufficient certainty to establish that there was a
trust. Based on trust law, the Board is prepared to accept that there would have been an
obligation upon the College as trustee, to act in a prudent fashion and invest the funds being
held for the benefit of the particular individuals. However, in this case a trust has not been
established due to lack of certainty with respect to potential beneficiaries.
Even if the Board of Arbitration were not to take this particular interpretation
of the Letter of Understanding, and one moves on to examine the process set up to select the
individuals to be entitled to the buyout, there is a discretion to limit the implied obligation to
award interest. This is based upon the conduct of the parties, as well as 'the language which
the parties have used. The testimony of Ms. Callahan is that Mr. Montgomery, one of the
Union Representatives on the Task Force, had made the request that the whole question of
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buyouts not be raised before the end of the academic year, which did not occur until April 30,
1991. As a result of discussion amongst members of the Task Force, it was concluded that
there was no entitlement to interest because of the way in which the language of the Letter of
Understanding was constructed. There was also no time-table for the payments. In a
communique to all employees of the College system, the Task Force indicated the selection
procedure that it was going to use to pay out funds, and furthermore, indicated that the
employees who were to receive those payouts would be notified in June of 1991 and that the
payments would be made in July of 1991. Thus, this joint document prepared by 2
Management Representatives and 2 Union Representatives (Exhibit 9) was the operational
document by which the Letter of Understanding was going to be implemented under the terms
of the collective agreement. What occurred in this case was exactly what was set out in
~xhibit 9. The Grievor was info~med that he was eligible to receive the buyout and' was in
fact paid in July of 1991. Therefore, this Board of Arbitration finds that there is no violation
of the Letter of Understanding nor of the Task Force document with respect to payments to
the Grievor. In the absence of such a violation then there is no breach of the collective
agreement which requires the party to be made whole and therefore give rise to some implicit
right to the receipt of interest. Furthermore, even if there were such a breach, there is a
discretionary limitation on the remedy applicable to that breach because of the conduct of the
parties, and the Task Force process which was utilized to implement the Letter of
Understanding In any event the Board of Arbitration has interpreted the Letter of
Understanding as not requiring that there be any payment to any individl__m__!s by April 1, 1991 or
any other particular date within 1991. The Letter of Understanding does not give rise to an
implied right of interest due to the monies being improperly held back beyond the
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due date for payment. For all of the foregoing reasons it is concluded that there will be no
award of interest to the Grievor in this matter. It is ordered that the grievance be dismissed.
DATED AT LONDON, ONTARIO THIS 21st DAY OF MAY, 1992.
Richard H. McLaren
Chairman
I ~_¢~Ya~/dissent Siqned "Sherril Murray"
Sherril Murray, Union Nominee
K.-J'.-Gall_yah, College Nominee
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D ir 8 S l:i N