HomeMy WebLinkAboutBegert 89-09-15 IN THE I~TTER OF ~ ~BI~TION
BE~EN:
F~S~ CO.GE
(Hereinafter referred to as the College)
ONTARIO PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYEES' UNION
(Hereinafter referred to as the Union)
AND IN THE MATTER OF THE GRIEVANCES OF~J ~ ~-
ARBITRATOR: Gail Brent
APPEARANCES:
FOR THE COLLEGE: Brenda Bowlby, Counsel
Pat Kirby, Dean of Health Sciences
Doug Busche, Asst. Dir. of Human Resources
FOR THE UNION: S. T, Goudge, Counsel
Paddy Musson, Local President
Christine Begert, Grievor
Tom Geldard
Hearing held in London, Ontario on September 8, 1989.
DECISION
This decision deals with one issue only, which the parties agreed could
be submitted to me sitting as a single arbitrator. It was further agreed that
the full board of arbitration would reconvene at a mutually acceptable date
following the release of this decision to hear and determine the other issues
arising in connection with the grievances.
For the record, four grievances, all dated September 16, 1988, were filed
with me (Exs. iA to iD). For the purpose of determining the issue placed
before me, nothing further need be said about them. Also filed with me were
two decisions involving the parties made by a board of arbitration chaired by
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Mr. Kates. For the record, those decisions were marked as Exhibits 2A and 2B.
I heard no evidence. As a matter of courtesy I was informed that the College
has applied for judicial review of the decisions made by the Kates Board and
that the application has not yet been heard. I was also informed that,
without prejudice to any position taken or to be taken in the judicial review
proceedings, the College would not argue that the decisions of the Kates Board
was wrong, and was prepared to accept that those decisions stood unless or
until they were quashed. In view of all of the foregoing, I wish to state
that the sole basis of my decision in this matter rests on the decisions of
the Kates Board and the submissions made by the parties at this hearing.
Before dealing with those submissions, I propose to outline the factual
framework which gives rise to the issue before me, and which I have taken from
the decisions of the Kates Board. The Kates Board dealt with two Union
grievances, only one of which is relevant to the issue before me. That
grievance, filed on or about February 19, 1986, alleged that the College had
violated the dues deduction provision of the collective agreement. In
connection with that grievance it was alleged that as of November 5, 1985 the
9rievor had become a full time member of the bargaining unit. The collective
agreement before the Kates Board contained the following language in connec-
tion with dues deductions (at page 2 of Ex. 2A):
12.01 There shall be an automatic deduction of an amount
equivalent to the regular monthly membership dues from the salaries
of all employees in the bargaining unit covered hereby.
The bargaining unit referred to in Article 12.01 was defined as follows
(at page 3 of Ex. 2A):
1.01 The Union is recognized as the exclusive collective bargaining
agency for all academic employees of the Colleges engaged as
teachers ... all as more particularly set out in Appendix I hereto
save and except Chairmen, Department Heads and Directors, persons
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above the rank of Chairman, Department Head or Director, persons
covered by the Memorandum of Agreement with the Ontario Public
Service Employees Union in the support staff bargaining unit, and
other persons excluded by the legislation and teachers, counsellors
and librarians employed on a part-time or sessional basis.
The Kates Board commenced hearing the grievance on December 19, 1986 and
held further hearings on May 21, 1987, May 22, 1987, December 2, 1987 and May
18, 1988. On or about April 25, 1988 the College took action which it alleged
affected the 9rievor's status. The Kates Board was not informed of this
action before it issued its first award (Ex. 2A).
On July 22, 1988 the Kates Board issued its unanimous award. What is
relevant to the determination of this matter is that after an exhaustive
examination of the circumstances it was concluded that the grievor was
originally hired as a sessional employee of the College in November, 1984 and
that she became a full-time member of the bargaining unit one year later. At
page 38 of the award (Ex. 2A) the following declaration was made:
... we declare that Ms. Begert upon her anniversary date as a
sessional employee achieved, having regard to Appendix III, Articles
l(a) and l(d) of the collective agreement, permanent employee status
as a full time member of the academic bargaining unit.
There then followed a discussion of the College's objection concerning
the timeliness of the grievance. It was concluded that the grievance was
timely under the circumstances. The Kates Board then made the following award
and direction (see page 40 Ex. 2A):
In regard to the dues deduction grievance the Board directs
that the College forward an appropriate amount, inclusive of
interest, in the way of dues arising out of the grievor's employment
status as a full time member of the academic bargaining unit
effective November 5, 1985 to the present.
In making its award the Kates Board remained "seized for the purposes of
the implementation of both directions" (page 42 Ex. 2A). On May 2, 1989 the
Kates Board reconvened at the request of the parties because the College had
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made dues payments only for the period November 5, 1985 to April 25, 1988.
The Union was claiming that dues were owed for the period November 5, 1985 to
July 22, 1988. Describing what occurred on April 25, 1988, the Kates Board
said, at page 2 of Ex. 2B that "effective that date, Ms. Begert's employment
was allegedly terminated". It should be noted, though, that the circumstances
of that "alleged termination", as outlined in Exhibit 2B, do not involve any
allegations of discharge for cause or any misconduct. The parties did not
agree that there was a valid termination of employment. Hence, the Union was
claiming that it was still owed dues up to July 22, 1988 as ordered, because
there was no termination of employment, and the College was claiming that its
obligation to remit dues ended on April 25, 1988 when the active employment
relationship ended.
The Union wanted the Kates Board to determine the grievor's employment
status as of April 25, 1988, and the College insisted that the Board was
fut;ctu$ officio and lacked jurisdiction to make such a determination.
Regarding the grievances marked as Exhibits iA to iD, the College said:
It was pointed out that several grievances have since been presented
to the College arising out of the grievor's alleged termination and
those issues are properly before or will be before another or other
arbitration boards. Accordingly, it was argued that we were duty
bound to defer any or all questions relating to the grievor's
employment status effective April 25, 1988 to those proceedings.
(Exhibit 2B at page 4)
On June 20, 1989 the Kates Board issued another unanimous award (Ex. 2B).
Because of the significance of the award in light of the issue before me and
the submissions of counsel, I will reproduce in full the conclusions which are
to be found at pages 5 and 6 of that award:
As a matter of jurisdiction we find no merit in the employer's
assertion that the Board is functus officio with respect to the
issue of determining an appropriate amount payable to the trade
union arising out of our direction pursuant to the successful dues
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deduction grievance. We clearly and purposely indicated in our
award, in order that we not be deemed £u~c~u$ officio, that we
remained seized for the purposes of the implementation of our
directions.
Quite simply, as a bald proposition we would have jurisdiction
to determine the grievor's employment status, while we continued to
remain seized with respect to the implementation of our compensation
award, for the period covered by our direction. As the alleged
events of April 25, 1988 so directly impacted on the quantum of
compensation payable to the trade union in the way of dues we have
no doubt that we might properly intervene to determine the employ-
ment status issue pursuant to our retained jurisdiction to implement
our direction.
But as the employer's argument suggested, the College does not
want this Board to determine that issue. It could have raised the
matter on the last day of hearing on May 18, 1988, and for reasons
best known to itself, it forewent that opportunity. Notwithstanding
what appears to us to have been an obvious waiver of that oppor-
tunity to raise the issue at a more opportune time the trade union
invited the employer to justify its calculation of compensation by
our determining the employment status issue. The College refuses to
do so.
At all material times the College has taken the advice of and
has given instruction to experienced counsel. We hold that
counsel's argument is patently wrong in the assertion that our
status is fuuctus offici~ with respect to deciding issues raised
with respect to the implementation of our direction. Moreover, for
like reasons, we do not hold the College's position is correct when
it argues that we are duty bound to defer to another arbitration
board the employment status issue.
In other words, the College cannot have it both ways. It
cannot rely upon the events of April 25, 1988 in order to abridge
the scope of our direction while at the same time argue that we are
without jurisdiction to resolve the question that has caused it to
deviate from our order.
Accordingly, we see no reason, given that ample opportunity has
been extended the College to justify its calculations in the
implementation of our direction, why we should not simply reaffirm
our original direction. In other words, as far as this Board is
concerned there has not been anything advanced by the employer to
cause us to change our original direction. That direction is
accordingly reaffirmed and we further direct the employer to compute
the amount of compensation payable to the trade union effective the
date of our original decision.
The question before me, simply put, is did the Kates Board determine the
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legal issue of the grievor's status at least up to July 22, 1988 so that the
parties cannot now challenge her status before that date and must be bound by
that finding?
The Union's position is that as a matter of law the grievor was a full-
time employee of the College as of July 22, 1988, and that that issue is no
longer open to challenge. It argues that that conclusion must follow because
the issue is res jud3catabetween the parties and because the College waived
its opportunity to challenge the conclusion before the Kates Board on the
occasion of the hearing leading to the June 20, 1989 award [Ex. 2B~. The
Union says that the main issue in dispute was the grievor's status, and that
the consequence of finding that she was a full-time employee led to the order
to pay dues from November 5, 1985 to July 22, 1988. It argues that the only
basis on which one could have concluded that dues were owing was the finding
that the grievor had the requisite status. The Union says that the parties
are bound by that decision and that I am bound by the decision since it
involves the same parties, the same collective agreement, and exactly the same
issue that was before the Kates Board. In support of the Union's proposition
I was referred to Re Phillips Cables Ltd. and United Electrical, Radio and
Machine Workers, Local 510 (1977), 16 LAC{2d) 225 (Swan) and Re Toronto
Transit Commission and Amalgamated Transit Union, Local 113 (1985], 21 LAC(3d)
346 (Saltman).
The Union also argues that the College waived its opportunity to
challenge the finding when it consciously refused to raise the matter of the
grievor's post April, 1988 status before the Kates Board when it reconvened in
May, 1989. It argues that to allow the College to raise the matter now would
be an abuse of the arbitration process.
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The College takes the position that the arbitral jurisprudence is clear
that the substantive issues crystallize as of the date of the grievance and
that in the case before the Kates Board the substantive matters crystallized
on February 19, 1986. It further takes the position that all matters dealing
with continuing liability and remedy are procedural. It therefore argues that
the substantive issue of whether the grievor was a full-time employee of the
College crystallized on February 19, 1986, all of the evidence placed before
the Kates Board dealt with the period before that date, and objections would
have been raised had any evidence that post-dated the grievance been led. It
says that the events of April, 1988 are an entirely distinct event which
occurred days before the final day of the hearing, and that the Kates Board
did not deal with any evidence over which it had no jurisdiction. It asserts
that the jurisdiction of the Kates Board was determined by the collective
agreement and the grievance before it, and that it cannot be suggested that an
issue of status which arose subsequent to the hearing was a proper issue
before the Kates Board. The College points out that the grievances before me
are new grievances which raise a new issue and must be determined in light of
a subsequent collective agreement, and that the Kates Board did not deal with
that issue. It says that the proper action for the Kates Board to have taken
would have been to have recognized that there was a separate action regarding
status which could have affected its direction and to have ordered payment
only up to the point of dispute pending resolution of the later grievances.
The College also disputes that it waived its right to have the post
April, 1988 status issue resolved. It says that the Kates Board did not
determine the issue of status as of July, 1988 in its second award so the
direction had to stand. It says that its position was always that the issue
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was properly before another board as a substantive one, and that it was not
appropriate to deal with it as an aspect of a remedial issue. It argues that
the only substantive issue before the Kates Board was the grievor's status in
1985-86, and not in 1988.
I have considered the two awards issued by the Kates Board and the
submissions of the parties. This is a rather unusual situation in my ex-
perience. Usually arguments about res jud3ca~aoccur in situations where one
party is alleged to be trying to file subsequent grievances dealing with an
issue which has already been decided. In this case, it is not alleged that
the grievances raise an issue which has already been determined, but that in
dealing with the grievances one must take as determined that the grievor had a
particular status from November, 1986 to July, 1988 inclusive.
In looking at the issue placed before me I must accept that the Kates
Board had the jurisdiction to make the direction that it made in its July,
1988 award (Ex. 2A) and reconfirmed in its June, 1989 award (Ex. 2B). The
question of that Board's jurisdiction is not one which I can determine. That
Board made a direction which ordered the College to remit dues to the Union
for a given period. The basis for the order was the finding that the grievor
had obtained the status of full-time employee in November, 198§, and presumab-
ly, the absence of any evidence to indicate that status had changed.
If, as I must in this decision, one accepts that the Kates Board had
jurisdiction to make an order which went beyond the date of the grievance,
then I believe one must also accept that the Kates Board had the jurisdiction,
as it found it had in the passages of its second award set out above, to
determine the outer limits of the applicability of that order. In order to
make an order that dues must be paid to the Union, one must first determine
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whether the grievor belonged to the class of people for whom dues must be
remitted. That class, as defined in the collective agreement before the Kates
Board, was limited essentially to full-time academic employees of the College.
Once membership in the class is lost the obligation to remit dues ceases. If
a board of arbitration orders the College to pay dues for someone who is not a
bargaining unit member, it exceeds its jurisdiction. Given all of this, in
order to prevent the Kates Board from exceeding its jurisdiction one must be
prepared to submit evidence to show what the limit of the remedial order
should be. If one does not do so, then, having accepted that the remedial
order can encompass a time frame which extends beyond the date of the
grievance, one also leaves a board arbitration with no way of making an order
that it knows is within its jurisdiction.
In the matter before the Kates Board the question put squarely before the
Board when it reconvened in May, 1989 was whether or not the College had to
pay dues for the period between April 25, 1988 and July 22, 1988. The only
reason advanced for non-payment of dues during that period was that the
grievor had ceased to be a member of the class of people for whom dues had to
be remitted. The College refused to let the Kates Board determine that issue.
At page 6 of the award (Ex. 2B) in the following passage:
At all material times the College has taken the advice of and
has given instruction to experienced counsel. We hold that
counsel's argument is patently wrong in the assertion that our
status is f~nctu$ off3c3o with respect to deciding issues raised
with respect to the implementation of our direction. Moreover, for
like reasons, we do not hold the College's position is correct when
it argues that we are duty bound to defer to another arbitration
board the employment status issue.
In other words, the College cannot have it both ways. It
cannot rely upon the events of April 25, 1988 in order to abridge
the scope of our direction while at the same time argue that we are
without jurisdiction to resolve the question that has caused it to
deviate from our order.
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the Kates Board clearly held that it had jurisdiction to deal with the
9rievor's status as of April 25, 1988. In the paragraph that follows, the
Kates Board reaffirmed its original award and directed the College to make the
payments for the period April 25, 1988 to July 22, 1988 in these words:
Accordingly, we see no reason, given that ample opportunity has
been extended the College to justify its calculations in the
implementation of our direction, why we should not simply reaffirm
our original direction. In other words, as far as this Board is
concerned there has not been anything advanced by the employer to
cause us to change our original direction. That direction is
accordingly reaffirmed and we further direct the employer to compute
the amount of compensation payable to the trade union effective the
date of our original decision.
I believe that this is a clear finding that, absent any evidence that the
grievor's status had changed on April 25, 1988, and given its jurisdiction to
determine the status issue, the Kates Board was ordering the College to remit
dues beyond that date. What underlies this decision and is necessarily
implicit in it, if the Kates Board was not to exceed its jurisdiction, is the
finding that the grievor was a member of the class for whom dues must be
remitted on April 25, 1988 and remained a member of that class until July 22,
1988. I therefore find that the Kates Board determined that the grievor's
status for the period November 5, 1985 to July 22, 1988 inclusive was that of
a full-time bargaining unit employee.
The parties are bound by the Kates award unless it is quashed. There-
fore, they are bound to consider that the grievor was an employee for whom
dues must be remitted for the period November 5, 1985 to July 22, 1988; that
is, they are bound to consider that the grievor was a full-time academic
employee for that period. The very issue which the College seeks to place
before me involves her status during part of that same period. In view of the
Kates awards I believe that the College can not do this. That matter has been
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decided by the Kates Board in a manner which has finally determined the issue
of the 9rievor's status as between the parties up to July 22, 1988.
I further find that the College had the opportunity of arguing the
matter of the grievor's status after April 25, 1988 on May 2, 1989, and that
the Kates Board found that it had jurisdiction to deal with the issue.
Therefore, I would have to agree that, even if in reconfirming its award the
Kates Board did not determine the question of the grievor's status for the
whole period encompassed by its order, the College would have to be taken to
have waived its right to raise the issue of her status prior to July 22, 1988.
Naturally, this conclusion, like my primary conclusion, is dependent upon the
Kates Board's awards not being quashed.
For all of the reasons set out above, I find that the issue of the
grievor's status prior to July 22, 1988 cannot be raised in the proceedings
before me.
DATED AT LONDON, ONTARIO THIS 15TH DAY OF SEPTEMBER, 1989.
Gall Brent