HomeMy WebLinkAboutCo-Ordinator 91-07-09 IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
BETWEEN
ONTARIO PUBLIC. SERVICE EMPLOYEES UNION
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NORTHERN COLLEGE
ordinator'sG~vance
Before: R- O. MacDowell - Chairman
Jon McManus -- Union Nominee
David Guptill - College Nominee
Appearances:
For the Union: Laura Trachuk, Counsel
Richard Mason
John Camp
For the College: Ann E. Burke, Counsel R. Guindon
J. Cotnam
C. Westermann
J. Le Noury
Hearing held in Timmins on March 13, 1991
AWARD
I
This is a union grievance concerning the payment of the
"coordinator's allowances" provided in Appendix A, Item 5 of the
collective agreement. The union challenges both the elimination
of those allowances at the end of the 1989 academic year, and the
way in which they have subsequently been re-introduced.
A hearing in this case was held in Timmins on March 13,
1991. The parties are agreed that the board is properly
constituted'and has jurisdiction to hearand resolve the matters
in dispute between them; however, the College takes the position
that this dispute is not arbitrable as a "union grievance".. The
College asserts that any objection to the way in which these
allowances are paid, must be pursued as a personal grievance by
the individual teacher directly concerned.
The provisions of the collective agreement referred to
in argument, or to which reference will be made, are as follows:
5. Allowances - Professors
(b) Coordinator Allowance - Coordinators are
teachers who in addition to their teaching
responsibilities are required to provide academic
leadership in the coordination of courses and or
programs. Coordinators report to the Academic Manager
who assigns their specific duties. It is understood
that coordinators do not have responsibility for the
disciplining of teachers in the bargaining unit. It is
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not the intention of the Colleges to require employees
to accept the designation of coordinator against their
wishes.
Those employees who are designated as coordinators
will receive an allowance equal to one or two steps on
the appropriate scale. Such allowance will be in
addition to the individual's salary.
11.10 Union Grievance
~ The Union shall have the right to file a grievance
ased on a difference directly with the College arising
out of the Agreement concerning the interpretation,
application, administration or alleged contravention of
the Agreement. Such grievance shall not include any
matter upon which an employee would be personally
entitled to grieve and the regular grievance procedure
for personal or group grievance shall not be by-passed
exceDt where the UniOn establishes that .the employee has
not grieved an unreasonable standard that is patently in
violation of this Agreement and that adversely affects
the rights of persons in the bargaining unit.
Such grievance shall be submitted in writing by the
Union Grievance Officer at Head Office or a Local
President to the Director of Personnel or as designated
by the College, within twenty (20) days following the
expiration of the twenty days from the occurrence
origination of the circumstances giving rise to the
grievance commencing at Step No. 1 of the Grievance
Procedure set out above.
. *
4.01 (4)(c)(ix) Hours for curriculum review.or course
development assigned to a teacher on an ongoing basis,
in lieu of teaching or in a non-teaching period, shall
be attributed on an hour for hour basis and recorded on
the SWF.
4.01 (6) Complementary functions appropriate to the
professional role of the teacher may be assigned to a
teacher by the College. Hours for such functions shall
be attributed on an hour for hour basis.
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4.02 (1)(b) The SWF shall include all details of the
total workload including teaching contact hours,
accumulated contact days, accumulated teaching contact
hours, number of sections, type and number of
preparations, type of evaluation/feedback required by
the curriculum, class size, attributed hours, contact
days, language of instruction and complementary
functions.
4.0Z (1)(f)(i) In the event of any difference arising
from the interpretation, application, administration or
alleged contravention of Article 4.01 or 4.02, a teacher
shall discuss such difference as a complaint with the
teacher's immediate supervisor. The discussion shall
take place within fourteen (14) days after the
circumstances giving rise to the complaint have occurred
or have come or ought, reasonably to have come to the
attention of the teacher in order to give the immediate
supervisor an opportunity of adjusting the complaint.
The discussion shall be between the teacher and the
immediate supervisor unless mutually agreed to have
other persons in attendance. The immediate supervisor's
response to the complaint shall be given within seven
(7) days after discussion with the teacher.
Failing settlement of such a complaint, a teacher
may refer the complaint, in writing, to the Group within
seven (7) days of receipt of the immediate supervisor's
reply.
There is no list or definition of the duties of a
"Coordinator"; however, the duties of a "Professor" include the
following:
CLASS DEFINITION
PROFESSOR
Under the direction of the senior academic officer
of the College or designate, a Professor is responsible
for providing academic leadership and for developing an
effective learning environment for students. This
includes:
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(b) The teaching of assigned courses, including:
- ensuring student awareness of course objectives,
approach and evaluation techniques;
- carrying out regularly scheduled instruction;
- tutoring and academic counselling of students;
- providing a learning environment which makes effective
use of available resources, work experience and field
trips;
- evaluating student progress/achievement and assuming
responsibility for the overall assessment of the
student's work within assigned courses.
(c) The provision of academic leadership, including:
- providing guidance to Instructors relative to the
Instructors' teaching assignments;
- participating in the work of curriculum and other
consultative committees as requested.
In addition, the Professor may, from time to time,
be called upon to contribute to other areas ancillary to
the role of Professor, such as student recruitment and
selection, time-tabling, facility design, professional
development,, student employment, and control of supplies
and equipment.
If this is what a "Professor,, may be expected to do, a
Coordinator, by implication, would be expected to do something
else. Precisely what that "something else" might be, and how it
should be rewarded, lies at the core of this dispute.
In order to fully understand this grievance, it is
necessary to sketch in some background. The parties disagree
about the application of the collective agreement, but they do
not seriously debate either the nature or the dimensions of the
underlying problem. For the purposes of this decision, we will
accept the union's statement and characterization of the facts.
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II
For some years, the College has had persons designated
as "Coordinators", who received either the one-step or two-step
salary allowance contemplated by the collective agreement. But
there were no consistent standards for the appointment or payment
level of Coordinators, nor any settled understanding about what
the duties of a Coordinator might encompass. The situation
varied from department to department; moreover, in the union's
submission, some Coordinators were allotted extra time (in
varying amounts) on their standard workload form ("SWF"), others
were given no SWF time allocation, and, in any event, the time
recorded on the SWF did not necessarily reflect the actual time
required to perform the duties assigned. To complicate matters
further, counsel asserts that after 1989, in individual
departments, some of the functions formerly considered
"Coordinator's" duties were performed by persons with the title
"Facilitator" without extra payment (but with equally
inconsistent SWF consideration), and in some cases the former
"Coordinator" continued to perform the same functions without
title, recognition, or payment.
The union concedes that there is no agreed definition
for the duties of a "Coordinator", but maintains that to the
extent that an individual was engaged in such functions, s/he
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should be properly compensated, the duties should be reflected on
his/her SWF, and if the total hours exceed 44, s/he must receive
overtime. The union further contends that the College was not
entitled to unilaterally eliminate the position and payment of
"Coordinators" at the end of 1989, and could not avoid its
contractual obligations by simply giving the coordinator's
position another name. The union seeks a remedial direction
which,'inter alia, would return the situation to the status quo
as at April 1989, and require the College to negotiate
appropriate definitions, payment standards, and time allotments
on the Coordinators' SWFs.
The College submits that it began to'examine the use
and payment of Coordinators in 1989, as part of a general
reorganization following the appointment of a new President .
Given the obvious anomalies and inconsistencies, the College
decided to terminate all existing assignments at the end of that
academic year, and have the Coordinators' functions (to the
extent that they could be identified) performed by administrative
staff pending a full review of the situation. Coordinators would
then be designated for the programs that required them, and
allowances allocated, uniformly, in accordance with the work
performed.
In the Spring of 1989 all existing Coordinators were
given notice that their assignments, would terminate at the end of
'that academic year. The College then set about the task of
re-assessing its needs. In a memo dated September 26, 1989, the
College President explained its position this way:
During my consultations with staff and faculty of the
College, the question of the role of coordinators was
discussed. An examination of what was in place at the
time, Drior to the reorganization, showed the lack of a
consistency; some coordinators received two steDs, some
one step, some received release time in addition to the
stipend, others did not. some coordinated activities of
a few people, others a large number of people.
A decision was made to establish a rational basis for
determining the need for coordinators. .The first step
of the process was to level the playing field. Ail
existing coordinator positions were ended and the Deans'
Council was mandated to set the criteria that would
identify the need for coordinators in specific programs.
That process has been established with the expectation
that the outcome would be the restoration of necessary
and appropriate coordinators. To date, the Health
Sciences division has made its case for the need for
coordinators, because of the heavy emphasis on the use
of outside agencies as part of the curriculum. It is my
understanding that the Deans' Council is willing to
entertain any other division in the college to make its
case, should such a need exist.
It appears that much of what you have requested as your
"remedy sought" is already in process. It was never the
intention to punish or discriminate against any group,
but rather to establish an equitable process within the
college.
I hope the above clarifies the College's position to
your satisfaction.
(emphasis added)
It will be seen that the President's description of the situation
is quite similar to that of the union.
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In the Spring of 1989 there were approximately 13
Coordinators potentially affected by the proposed changes. None
of those Coordinators has grieved, even though from his/her
perspective the situation might have been characterized,.
variously as: a demotion, an inadequate payment for work done,
an improper transfer of work to non-bargaining unit employees~ a
workload complaint, and so on. Instead, the union filed this
grievance challenging the College's actions on a general basis.
The union claims that the blanket elimination of the
Coordinators' designation, together with the reallocation or
redefinition of their duties, is contrary to both Articles 4 and
Appendix I of the collective agreement. In the union's
submission, this was a general policy decision with consequences
for a whole class of employees in the bargaining unit, and thus
appropriately questioned in a "union grievance". The College
replies that, whatever the merits of the union's complaint, it is
a matter which cannot be pursued as a "union grievance", but
rather must be dealt with, on a case-by-case basis, by individual
grievances under either Article 4 or 11 of the agreement. The
College asserts that as a matter of contract interpretation, this
problem cannot be addressed as a "union grievance", because it
does not meet the requirements of Article 11.10 and, as a matter
of equity and efficiency, each individual coordinator's claim
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should be assessed on its own merits, in the context of the
particular work assignments and department concerned. The
College contends that the designation or assignment of
"Coordinators'" duties, is the exclusive prerogative of the
College, which it may exercise, or not, on an individual basis,
in accordance with its own assessment of departmental .needs.
That discretion is not subject to arbitral review at all, but, in
any event, cannot be challenged through the vehicle of a union
grievance. Counsel also argues that the board has no
jurisdiction to direct the remedy requested (ioe. restore the
status quo and negotiate appropriate definitions and payment
criteria), and adds, parenthetically, that the very novelty of
such relief indicates why this problem cannot be addressed as a
union grievance, but only on a case-by-case basis, should
individual teachers decide to grieve.
III
Unlike many collective agreements, this one quite
clearly distinguishes between those matters which may be the
subject of a "union grievance", and those which must be dealt
with as an individual complaint. For the most part, it is the
individual's responsibility to grieve circumstances which s/he
feels may constitute a breach of the collective agreement. Where
an individual employee is personally entitled to grieve, the
independent role of the trade union is strictly limited to
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situations where it can establish that "the employee has not
grieved an unreasonable standard that is patently in violation of
[the agreement] and that adverselv affects the rights of persons
in the bargaining unit".
The College actions here in issue were clearly matters
"upon which an employee would be personally entitled to grieve".
Accordingly, it is incumbent upon the union to demonstrate that
it falls within the exception set out above. If it cannot do so,
its grievance is not arbitrable, and the individual employees are
left with such remedies as may be available to them by way of
personal grievance. Similarly, to the extent that a teacher's
complaint has a workload or SWF component, it must be pursued on
an individual basis pursuant to Article 4.
Can the union overcome that hurdle in this case? We do
not think so.
IV
It is obvious that this grievance does not involve any
discrete set of facts, employment circumstances, work
characteristics or payment criteria; nor can one glean much
enlightenment from the terms of the collective agreement. In the
union's own submission, the situation is different for each
employee, there is no uniform practice or understanding, and the
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agreement itself provides no guidance as to what a Coordinator's
· duties might encompass or how the College must exercise its right
to designate Coordinators or assign duties pursuant to item 5(b).
The clause merely stipulates that the assumption of such
responsibilities will be voluntary and will attract additional
compensation on a varying scale. It is implicit that a
coordinator will have duties beyond those of an "ordinary"
"professor", and that such "complementary work functions" should
be recognized on the SWF, but there is no precise definition of
such duties and no clear indication of which circumstances might
warrant a one-step salary increment, and which might merit a
two-step allowance. In fact, it is not even obvious that the
specific duties assigned under the rubric of "academic leadership
in the coordinatioon of courses or programs" will be the same for
various coordinators. And (so the union says) the College itself
has not been consistent.in this regard.
There is, in short, no contractual "standard",
reasonable or otherwise which can be clearly identified, or
against which the College's conduct (or the employees' salary
entitlement) can be measured and there is no settled policy or
practice to serve as a guideline either. Indeed, it was the very
lack of such definitive and consistent standards which prompted
the College's actions in the first place. Against that
background, it is difficult to see how the union can claim that
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there has been a failure to grieve an "unreasonable standard"
that is "patently" in violation of the agreement. There is no
standard and no agreement language with which to compare it.
There is also. considerable force to the College's
argument that the exercise of.its right to designate under item
5(b), even if reviewable in particular cases, would seldom
produce the kind of violation which can be addressed by a union
grievance. As the cases to which we were referred indicate, to
meet the requirements for a union grievance there must be
something more than just an "arguable" breach of the employer's
contractual obligations. Such breach must constitute a patent
violation of the agreement - that is one that is obvious,
manifest, conspicuous, plain, self-evident, clear on its face and
substantially beyond dispute. That is certainly not this case.
We appreciate the union's concern that, from a
practical point of view, the SWF aspect of the problem should not
be separated from the issues of definition and designation. But
the agreement makes such distinctions and provides its own
mechanism for resolving workload problems; moreover, it is not at
all inconceivable that (as the union alleges) some of the
individuals properly desiqnated and paid as coordinators would
still have valid SWF claims under Article 4 even if there is no
violation of item 5¢b). The SWF issue is distinct and severable.
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For the foregoing reasons we are satisfied that this
dispute is not arbitrable as a union grievance, and that the
grievance must therefore be dismissed. Such dismissal, is,
however, without prejudice to the rights (if any) which
individual teachers may have and choose to pursue under Articles
4 or 11 of the agreement.
v
We do not wish to leave this matter without making one
additional observation. While we express no opinion about either
the legal propriety or labour-relations wisdom of unilaterally
revoking allowances which individual employees had been
accustomed to receive for many years and to which they may
ultimately be found to have been entitled, we do wish to
reiterate the comments that we made at the hearing: litigation
is a divisive, time-consuming, expensive, and ultimately
imperfect mechanism for resolving questions of the kind currently
before us - particularly where, as here, the litigation
alternative potentially involves a multiplicity of proceedings.
Whether or not an arbitrator has "jurisdiction" to direct a
negotiated settlement of the issues here in dispute, that
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approach may ultimately prove to be a more acceptable and "cost
effective" approach than the litigation alternative.
Dated at Toronto this 9th day July, 1991.
"Jon McManus"
I DISSENT:
UNION NOMINEE
"D. Guptill"
I CONCUR:
COLLEGE NOMINEE