HomeMy WebLinkAboutGroup 99-03-22 IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
BETWEEN:
ONTARIO PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYEES UNION
(FOR SUPPORT STAFF EMPLOYEES)
(the "Union")
SENECA COLLEGE
(the "College")
AND IN THE MATTER OF GROUP GRIEVANCE ~98C401 (SUPPORT)
BOARD OF ARBITRATION Robert D. Howe, Chair
Sherril Murray, Union
Nominee
Jacqueline Campbell,
College Nominee
APPEARANCES
For the Union Heather Bowie, Counsel
Janice Hagan
Rod Bemister
For the College Barry Brown, Counsel
Mel Fogel
Jane Wilson
A hearing in the above matter was held in Toronto,
Ontario
on March 1, 1999.
AWARD
These proceedings pertain to a group grievance
(subsuming a number of individual grievances) regarding vacation
entitlement. The matter in issue before this Board of
Arbitration (the "Board") is whether bargaining unit employees
hired prior to the ratification date of the current collective
agreement (the "current Agreement") are only entitled to have
service in the bargaining unit counted in determining their
vacation entitlement (as contended by the College), or are also
entitled to have part-time service counted for purposes of that
determination (as contended by the Union).
The case was argued on the basis of the following agreed facts
(and the exhibits referred to therein):
Seneca College ("Seneca") did not include part-time service when
determining vacation entitlement under previous collective
agreements.
On March 31, 1997, Mr. Joe Clemente filed a grievance with
Seneca seeking additional vacation entitlement based on the
Georgian College decision. Hr. Clemente's grievance was settled
without prejudice prior to arbitration.
In January of 1997, the Ontario Council of Regents for the
Colleges of Applied Arts and Technology (which is the bargaining
agent for Seneca) and OPSEU commenced collective bargaining.
A copy of the current collective agreement is filed as Exhibit
1.
A copy of the executed Hemorandum of Settlement, dated September
1, 1997, is attached and filed as Exhibit 2. The Hemorandum of
Settlement was ratified on September 23, 1997.
In 1998, Seneca calculated vacation entitlement for those
employees who had already been in the bargaining unit and who
had previous part-time service with the College, without
including part-time service in the calculation (the "1998
Vacation Entitlement").
As a result of the 1998 Vacation Entitlement, 38 employees filed
grievances seeking a calculation of vacation entitlement
including part-time service. The first grievance was dated
March 25, 1998. Seneca and OPSEU agreed that the grievance was
filed as a group grievance on April 14, 1998 (the "Grievance").
A copy of each of the 38 individual grievances are attached and
filed, collectively, as Exhibit 3.
A list of all 38 grievors, including their length of service
both with part-time service included and without part-time
service included, is attached and filed as Exhibit 4.
None of the grievors included in the Grievance became full-time
bargaining unit employees subsequent to the amendments to the
Collective Agreement. Ail had become full-time bargaining unit
employees prior to the amendments.
The Grievance was denied at Step 2 and Step 3. OPSEU submitted
the grievance to Arbitration on October 15, 1998.
A copy of the Step 2 letter, dated Hay 21, 1998, is attached and
filed as Exhibit 5.
A copy of the Step 3 letter, dated July 30, 1998, is attached
and filed as Exhibit 6.
A copy of reference to Arbitration, dated October 15, 1998, is
attached and filed as Exhibit 7.
During the course of argument, reference was made to
the following provisions of the current Agreement:
6. WORK SCHEDULES
6.1.2 Retention of Existing Hours of Work
6.1.2.1 Less than Forty (40) Hours per Week
An employee hired prior to September 1, 1979, who as of that
date is scheduled to work a normal work week of less than forty
(40) hours per week, shall not be scheduled to work a normal
work week of forty (40) hours per week while he/she remains in
his/her current position, unless agreed to by the employee.
6.1.2.2 Forty (40) Hours per Week
An employee hired prior to September 1, 1979, who as of that
date is scheduled to work a normal work week of forty (40) hours
per week, shall not have his/her normal work week reduced from
forty (40) hours per week so long as he/she remains in one of
the following job families ....
11. VACATION
11.1 Entitlement
Effective June 30, 1991, employees on the active payroll of the
College who have completed the years of continuous service
specified, as of June 30th, shall be granted vacation with pay
as follows:
1 - 6 years: 15 working days
7 years: 17 working days
8 years: 18 working days
9 years: 20 working days
10 years: 20 working days
11 years: 21 working days
12 years: 22 working days
13 years: 23 working days
14 years: 24 working days
15 years: 25 working days
16 years: 26 working days
17 years: 26 working days
18 years: 26 working days
19 years: 27 working days
20 years: 27 working days
21 years: 28 working days
22 years: 28 working days
23 years: 29 working days
24 years: 29 working days
25 years or more: 30 working days
11.2 Calculation of Continuous Service
In determining the period of continuous service of employees on
the active payroll for the purpose of vacation entitlement:
- only an employee's service in the bargaining unit
shall apply, however an employee's previous
uninterrupted service with the College immediately
prior to and consecutive with its establishment as a
College of Applied Arts and Technology shall be
included;
11.6 Carry-Over
Recognizing the needs of the College and the desires of
employees, an employee may carry over up to two (2) weeks of
vacation to the immediately subsequent vacation year consistent
with efficient staffing requirements and subject to agreement on
scheduling of the carry-over week(s) in the following vacation
year at a time satisfactory to the College.
18. COMPLAINTS/GRIEVANCES
18.1.4 Grievance
"Grievance" means a complaint in writing arising from the
interpretation, application, administration or alleged
contravention of this Agreement.
18.7.5 Limitations
The Arbitration Board shall not be authorized to alter, modify
or amend any part of the terms of this Agreement nor to make any
decision inconsistent therewith nor to deal with any matter that
is not a proper matter for grievance under this Agreement.
The following provisions of the Memorandum of
Settlement (which, as noted in the agreed facts, is Exhibit 2 in
these proceedings) were also referred to during the course of
argument:
1. The Collective Agreement, expiring August 31, 1997,
shall be continued except as amended by this
Memorandum.
3. The Collective Agreement shall be amended by those
terms and conditions agreed to between the parties
as set out in Appendix 2 to this Hemorandum (12
pages}.
5. Nothing shall be retroactive prior to the date of
ratification.
In the previous collective agreement (the "previous
Agreement") which expired on August 31, 1997, the material
portion of Article 11.2 read as follows:
In determining the period of continuous service of employees on
the active payroll for the purpose of vacation entitlement:
- an employee's previous uninterrupted service with the
College immediately prior to and consecutive with its
establishment as a College of Applied Arts and
Technology shall be included;
One of the amendments included in Appendix 2 to the
Hemorandum of Settlement was the addition of the following words
to Article 11.2: "only an employee's service in the bargaining
unit shall apply, however". It is the Union's position that
those words apply only to employees hired into the bargaining
unit subsequent to ratification of the Hemorandum of Settlement.
Thus, the Union contends that in determining the vacation
entitlement of the 38 grievors for 1998, the College was
required to take into account not only their service in the
bargaining unit, but also their prior part-time service.
In support of that position, counsel for the Union
referred the Board to Georgian College of Applied Arts and
Technology and Ontario Public Service Employees Union (1997), 59
L.A.C. (4th) 129 (Schiff), which held that under the previous
Agreement, the count of "the years of continuous service" began
on the date an employee (who subsequently became a full-time
employee) was hired as a part-time employee. Although Union
counsel acknowledged that from a legal point of view the only
college bound by that award was Georgian College, she submitted
that the aforementioned amendment to Article 11.2 was negotiated
by the Council of Regents in response to that award, thereby
demonstrating an understanding that the rationale of award would
otherwise have been applicable to all of the colleges. Thus,
she submitted that we should conclude that bargaining unit
employees at Seneca College had a similar entitlement under the
previous Agreement, and further submitted that this entitlement
was a vested right which could only be taken away from them by
express language. In support of that contention, she relied
upon the above-quoted non-retroactivity clause in the Hemorandum
of Settlement, and referred the Board to the following cases: Re
Sola Basic Ltd. and Int'l Assoc. of Hachinists, Lodge 1168
(1976) , 11 L.A.C. (2d) 328 (Beck); Re University of Ottawa and
Assoc. of Professors (1979) , 22 L.A.C. (2d) 192 (Weatherill); Re
United Automobile Workers, Local 195, and B. & K. Hydraulics of
Canada Ltd. (1972), 23 L.A.C. 266 (Brandt); Re Lancia-Bravo
Foods and Amalgamated Heat Cutters & Butcher Workmen (1977), 14
L.A.C. (2d) 347 (Weatherill); Re United Electrical Workers,
Local 512, and Tung-Sol of Canada Ltd. (1964), 15 L.A.C. 161
(Reville); Re Sault Ste. Harie R.C.S.S.B. and O.E.C.T.A. (1985),
21 L.A.C. (3d) 107 (P.C. Picher); and Re Onesimus Comm. Resource
Centre and O.P.S.E.U. (1994), 39 L.A.C. (4th) 290 (Thorne).
It is the College's position that the grievance should
be dismissed because the grievors' vacation entitlement was duly
calculated in accordance with Articles 11.01 and 11.02 of the
current Agreement. Counsel for the College submitted that the
grievors did not in fact or in law enjoy a right under the
previous Agreement to have their part-time service taken into
consideration in determining their vacation entitlement. In
support of that contention, he noted the agreed fact that the
College "did not include part-time service when determining
vacation entitlement under previous collective agreements" He
also noted that the Georgian College case was not binding upon
George Brown College, and that although estoppel was rejected as
a basis for dismissing the grievance in that case, it was
subsequently accepted in Conestoga College and O.P.S.E.U.,
unreported award dated August 27, 1998 (Brent) .
Counsel for the College further submitted that, in any
event, this Board has no jurisdiction to determine what the
grievors' vacation entitlement rights were under the previous
Agreement as its jurisdiction is confined to the current
Agreement, under which the grievances were filed. In support of
that contention, he noted the reference in Articles 18.1.4 and
18.7.5 to "this Agreement", and also referred the Board to the
following cases: Re United Steelworkers and International Nickel
Co. of Canada Ltd. (1970), 22 L.A.C. 286 (Weatherill); Re
Goodyear Canada and United Rubber Workers (1980), 28 L.A.C. (2d)
196 (H.G. Picher); Re Romi (Division of Ault Foods Ltd. and
United Food & Commercial Workers, Local 175 (1986), 25 L.A.C.
(3d) 377 (Weatherill); Re F.B.H. Distillery Co. Ltd. and Brewery
Workers, Loc. 304 (1987) , 31 L.A.C. (3d) 122 (H.D. Brown); Re
Hack Canada Inc. and I.A.H., Lodge 2281 (1988), 2 L.A.C. (4th)
304 (Burkett); Re Northern College and O.P.S.E.U. (1992), 27
L.A.C. (4th) 98 (H.D. Brown); and Re St. Lawrence College and
O.P.S.E.U. (grievance of Lidia Price), unreported award dated
December 31, 1991 (Burkett) .
As a further alternative argument, counsel for the
College submitted that even if it were true that the grievors
had a right under the previous Agreement to have part-time
service included in determining their vacation entitlement, that
would make no difference whatsoever because nothing prevented
the parties from changing the grievors' vacation entitlement
from one year to the next through collective bargaining. In
support of that position, he referred the Board to Fanshawe
College and O.P.S.E.U. (grievances of Newell et al), unreported
award dated Harch 30, 1994 (HcLaren) . Thus, counsel for the
College argued that if the grievors did have that right under
the previous Agreement, it was changed through collective
bargaining without any "grandparenting". In this regard, he
submitted that when the parties wished to grandparent a right,
they did so through explicit language such as that contained in
Articles 6.1.2.1 and 6.1.2.2. In response to Union counsel's
retroactivity argument, College counsel submitted that Article
11.2 has not been applied retroactively, such as would have
occurred if the College had attempted to change the grievors'
vacation entitlement for 1997 or a previous year, but rather has
only been applied prospectively in determining their vacation
entitlement after September 23, 1997.
In her reply argument, Union counsel acknowledged that
the Board does not have jurisdiction to give the Union a
retroactive remedy, but submitted that the Board can consider
what happened under the previous Agreement in order to determine
whether revised language in the current Agreement is being
applied retroactively. She further submitted that the Board has
the jurisdiction to decide what ought to have been done under
the previous Agreement, not for the purpose of granting the
Union a retroactive remedy but rather for the purpose of
determining what must continue to be done in the future.
Union counsel argued that the Board should follow the
Georgian College award rather than the Conestoga College award,
because the latter was based upon promissory estoppel which has
no factual support in the instant case. Her response to College
counsel's submissions regarding the lack of a "grandparenting"
clause was that there was no need for such a clause, because
vacation entitlement is an economic benefit which can only be
taken away by express language. She also referred the Board to
Article 11.6 in support of the Union's case.
The Sola Basic case (supra) is authority for the
proposition that vacation pay is a fringe benefit which is
earned by an employee through service, and which is not to be
taken away or reduced except by express language. In that case,
employees who were on lay-off on the June 30th vacation
entitlement determination date, and who had one year or more of
service as of the date they were laid off, were held to be
entitled to unreduced vacation pay benefits because the
collective agreement provided that "[a]n employee with one year
or more service as of June 30th, shall receive two (2) weeks of
vacation, computed by multiplying his current straight time
hourly rate by eighty (80) or 4% of gross total whichever is
greater", and because it did not provide for reduction or
elimination of those vacation pay benefits through lay-off,
sickness, or any other involuntary absence. However, that case
is distinguishable from the instant case in which Article 11.2
of the parties' current Agreement expressly provides that "[i]n
determining the period of continuous service of employees on the
active payroll for the purpose of vacation entitlement only an
employee's service in the bargaining unit shall apply". In the
instant case, part-time service is not "service in the
bargaining unit", as "persons regularly employed for twenty-four
(24) hours per week or less" are expressly excluded from the
bargaining unit. Thus, Article 11.2 excludes part-time service
(and any other service outside the bargaining unit, except for
"an employee's previous uninterrupted service with the College
immediately prior to and consecutive with its establishment as a
College of Applied Arts and Technology") from the determination
of an employee's period of continuous service on the active
payroll for vacation entitlement purposes.
Assuming (without deciding) that under the previous
Agreement Seneca College employees who had part-time service
would have been able to successfully grieve the College's
exclusion of that service from the determination of their
continuous service on the active payroll for the purposes of
calculating vacation entitlement under the provisions of that
agreement, we respectfully agree with College counsel's
submission that any such entitlement to have that service
included for that purpose has been eliminated through the last
round of collective bargaining in which the negotiators agreed
to the addition to Article 11.2 of the words "only an employee's
service in the bargaining unit shall apply, however" In this
regard, we are not persuaded that the grievors had a right to
have such service taken into account in calculating their
vacation entitlement under the current Agreement. Any such
right which may have existed under the previous Agreement was
limited to the term of operation of that agreement, and would
only continue under a subsequent collective agreement if the
latter contained language expressly or implicitly indicating
that such service was to be taken into account in calculating
vacation entitlement. In this regard, we respectfully agree
with the reasoning contained in the following passage from
Fanshawe College and O.P.S.E.U. (grievances of Newell et al),
supra, in which arbitrator HcLaren wrote as follows (at page
19):
[The Grievors] did not grieve under the predecessor collective
agreement. The parties drafted revised language to deal with
the issue ... in the current collective agreement. The JEQS
committee motions under the predecessor agreement were merely
the actions of an emanation of the parties which they were free
te charge in collective bargaining and did net in fact so do.
In that bargaining precess resulting in the current agreement
the claims the Grievers might Nave had under the predecessor
agreement were altered by action of tNe parties. For tNis Beard
te determine tNat they Neld vested rights carrying ferward under
the collective agreement is to rewrite the collective agreement
contrary to the parties specific cellective bargaining. There
were no vested rigNts. The Grievers had rights under the
predecesser agreement wNicN tNey did net pursue. It is tee late
fer these vested rights to be pursued under tNe revised current
agreement.
Having duly censidered all of tNe cases cited by Union
ceunsel regarding retroactivity, we have concluded tNat the
College's application of the revised wording of Article 11.2 to
the grievers' 1998 vacatien entitlement (by calculating vacatien
entitlement fer tNose employees who had already been in the
bargaining unit and whe had previeus part-time service with the
College, without including part-time service in the calculation)
did not violate the Memorandum of Settlement's stipulation that
"[n]othing shall be retroactive prior to the date of
ratification", as it constituted only a prospective application
of that revision.
An example of what would constitute retroactivity in
the context of vacation entitlement is provided by arbitrator
of Ottawa case (supra) in which,
Weatherill in the University __
after noting that the time as of which vacation benefits were to
be determined under the applicable collective agreement was
January 1st of each year, he wrote in part as follows (at page
196):
As has been noted the present collective agreement became
effective on May 1, 1978. To make any calculation of vacation
benefits as of January 1, 1978, and to apply the rate of such
benefits contemplated by the present agreement would indeed be
to give the agreement a retroactive effect.
If a college purported to apply Article 11.2 of the
current Agreement to reduce the amount of vacation being carried
over by an employee from the previous Agreement under Article
11.6, that might well constitute a retroactive application of
the Article 11.2 revision. However, there is no suggestion that
anything of that nature occurred in the instant case, and we do
not find Article 11.6 to be of any assistance in deciding the
grievance.
If the revision to Article 11.2 had been intended to
apply only to employees hired on or after the September 23, 1997
ratification date of the current Agreement, the negotiators
could easily have included language to that effect, or
"grandparenting" language similar to that contained in Articles
6.1.2.1 and 6.1.2.2. In the absence of any such language, we
are not persuaded that the aforementioned amendment of Article
11.2 can legitimately be construed as applying only to employees
hired on or after the September 23, 1997.
For the foregoing reasons, we have concluded that the
College duly complied with the language of the current Agreement
in calculating the grievors' 1998 vacation entitlement without
including their part-time service in the calculation.
Accordingly, the group grievance and the
aforementioned individual grievances are hereby dismissed.
DATED at Burlington, Ontario this 22nd day of March, 1999.
Robert D. Howe
Chair
I dissent.
"Sherril Murray"
Union Nominee
I concur.
"Jacqueline Campbell"
College Nominee