HomeMy WebLinkAboutGreene 01-04-16 IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
BETWEEN
FANSHAWE COLLEGE OF APPLIED ARTS AND TECHNOLOGY
(the ,'College")
and
ONTARIO PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYEES UNION, LOCAL 109
(the "Union")
RE: GRIEVANCE OF TERESA GREENE
Board of Arbitration:
Michel G. Picher Chair
Ron A. Hubert College Nominee
John McManus Union Nominee
Appearing for the College:
Robert J. Atkinson Counsel
Sheila Wilson Personnel Consultant
Appearing for the Union:
Irit Kelman Counsel
Jean Fordyce Local President
Barb Ford Chief Steward
Berniece Laugh!in Steward
Teresa Greene Grievor
A hearing in this matter was heard in London on February 20. 2001.
AWARD
This grievance concerns an allegation of harassment and interference with
the grievor's membership or activity in the Union. The nature of the allegation is
briefly stated on the grievance form itself, filed on December 10, 1999 by
employee Teresa Greene:
I was called into my manager's office (Doreen Whitehead) and
harassed because she said that I allowed our Local Union
President - Jean Fordyce - to talk to contract workers during a
Christmas supper on off-work hours on the evening of Wednesday,
Dec. 8/99.
The extraordinary remedy requested in the grievance form is the firing of
supervisor Doreen Whitehead. During the course of the hearing counsel for the
Union stated that the Union no longer sought Ms. Whitehead's dismissal, but
rather a declaration that article 2.1 of the collective agreement was violated by
the College, and that Ms. Whitehead be directed to make an apology.
The evidence reveals the following facts. The grievor, Ms. Teresa
Greene, is employed as a Support Services Officer in the College's Financial Aid
Department. Ms. Doreen Whitehead was appointed Manager of Financial Aid, in
charge of the department, in August of 1999. The President of Union Local 109,
Ms. Jean Fordyce, also holds a permanent position as a Support Services Officer
within the department, although she was on full-time leave for Union business at
the time of the events giving rise to this dispute.
The evidence of Ms. Fordyce establishes that a degree of tension arose
between herself and Ms. Whitehead through the late fall of 1999. She relates
that she had received complaints from employees within the department, the
complement of which numbers approximately 12 employees, to the effect that the
College had retained some three or four "temp" employees employed by Drake
Personnel to work on a longer than usual basis. According to Ms. Fordyce's
evidence contractual temporary employees were sometimes brought in to relieve
when regular employees might be absent due to illness, but the long term
retaining of temps was unprecedented.
The evidence of Ms. Whitehead, which is not substantially challenged on
this point, is that when she took over the department she encountered a
substantial backlog of work coming into September of 1999, the period when
student loan forms would need to be processed in a timely fashion so that
students would receive their loan monies in time. She states that she had no
alternative but to hire temporary employees to deal with what she estimated to be
a six to eight week backlog of work. Ms. Fordyce states that she went to speak
with Ms. Whitehead to express her concern about the extended presence of
temporary employees in the department, asserting her position that if the work
needed to be done there should be additional permanent jobs posted to the
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bargaining unit payroll. Upon hearing Ms. Whitehead's explanation that part of
the problem was also the need for relief for employees who were absent due to
illness, she decided not to grieve the issue. She expressed puzzlement,
however, as to why the newly appointed supervisor did not call her back in to
work, on a temporary basis, to help out as apparently had been done in the past.
Ms. Fordyce was also given to understand that two new permanent bargaining
unit positions within the department were in the process of being established. In
fact the evidence confirms that they have now been put into place.
It does not appear disputed that the presence of four temporary
employees within the department over an extended period of time became the
source of some tension in the workplace. The evidence discloses that the issue
eventually found its way into discussions during the course of a Christmas dinner
party involving the employees of the department as well as Ms. Whitehead.
Every year the employees organize a dinner at a restaurant together to celebrate
the Christmas season. There appears to be some difference between the parties
as to whether the Christmas dinner was held on the eighth of December, as Ms.
Greene recalls, or the seventh which is the date Ms. Whitehead believes to be
correct. Nothing turns on that difference of recollection.
The dinner was held at an on-campus restaurant during the evening. It
was attended by most of the employees of the department, including Ms.
Fordyce. It appears that Ms. Fordyce and Ms. Greene were seated next to each
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other and that two of the temporary employees, referred to as Olivia and Linda,
were seated directly across from them. Ms. Whitehead was apparently located
some distance away, towards one end of the table. The evidence of Ms.
Whitehead, as well as that of Ms. Fordyce and Ms. Greene, confirms that during
the dinner Ms. Fordyce pursued a course of conversation with Olivia and Linda
which involved learning from the temporary employees precisely the nature and
extent of their duties. This apparently involved a series of questions, some of
which were answered by Ms. Greene when either Linda or Olivia did not make a
response. The evidence of Ms. Greene and Ms. Fordyce also indicates that at
one point during the conversation the temporary employees inquired of them how
they might go about becoming permanent employees within the bargaining unit.
Ms. Whitehead states that the following morning she was approached in
her office by a third temporary employee, Ms. Patty Bird. She testifies that Ms.
Bird expressed to her that the two other temporary employees who were
questioned by Ms. Fordyce told her that they had been uncomfortable during the
Christmas dinner, and felt that they were "being put on the spot" by Ms.
Fordyce's questions because of their employment as temporary employees.
Based on that conversation Ms. Whitehead spoke with both of the
temporary employees involved. She states that Olivia confirmed to her that she
felt uncomfortable in the face of Ms. Fordyce's questions and had tried not to
answer them. According to Ms. Whitehead, she further elaborated that when she
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declined to answer the grievor would answer for her. Ms. Whitehead relates that
she apologized to Olivia for any discomfort she may have felt in the
circumstances, and confirmed in her testimony her own feeling that she viewed it
as unfortunate that the temporary employee was put in a situation which was not
pleasant for her. She further related that she spoke to the second temporary
employee, Linda. According to Ms. Whitehead she expressed the same level of
discomfort because of the questions that Ms. Fordyce directed towards her.
As Ms. Greene was not at work on that day, Ms. Whitehead called her to
her office the following day, either the ninth or tenth of December 1999. While
there are some differences between the evidence of Ms. Greene and Ms.
Whitehead with respect to what transpired, they are largely matters of nuance
rather than substance. It is common ground that during their conversation Ms.
Whitehead suggested to Ms. Greene that she might have attempted to steer the
dinner table conversation between Ms. Fordyce and the two temporary
employees away from a discussiOn of the Union's concern about their jobs. The
evidence is clear that Ms. Greene was offended by that suggestion. By her
account she did not understand what the conversation between the Union local
president and the temporary employees had to do with her. According to Ms.
Greene's recollection she immediately accused Ms. Whitehead of harassing her
and left her office. She states that she reported the conversation to Ms. Barbara
Ford, her Union steward who referred her to Ms. Fordyce.
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Following consultation between Ms. Greene and Ms. Fordyce, that same
day Ms. Fordyce went to Ms. Whitehead's office and presented her with the
instant grievance. According to Ms. Whitehead Ms. Fordyce was extremely
agitated, screamed at her and said, among other things, that she should learn
the collective agreement and "should get professional help". Ms. Fordyce denies
that she said that Ms. Whitehead should get professional help. When asked by
the Board why the grievance sought the relatively unprecedented remedy of Ms.
Whitehead being fired from her employment, she explained that that was Ms.
Greene's wish, adding that she did not believe that that would happen.
The evidence of Ms. Fordyce makes little secret her own negative feelings
towards Ms. Whitehead. She relates that in her view Ms. Whitehead deliberately
avoided her when she came to visit the Financial Aid Office, had refused to
process her attendance sheet and sick leave claim until directed to do so by the
College administration and had created tension in her relations within the
department by her prolonged and apparently unprecedented use of temporary
employees.
In the Board's view the deterioration of the relationship between Ms.
Whitehead and Ms. Fordyce,-which is highly unfortunate, is an integral part of the
background of the grievance. As regrettable as the issue of personal
compatibility may be, this board of arbitration is required to determine the more
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narrow question of whether there has been a violation of article 2.1 of the
collective agreement. It provides as follows:
2.1 Interference
The Colleges and the Union agree that there will be no intimidation,
discrimination, interference, restraint or coercion exercised or
practised by either of them or their representatives or members
because of an employee's membership or non-membership in the
Union or because of his/her activity or lack of activity in the Union.
Counsel for the Union submits that the facts do disclose an unwarranted
interference with Union activity. She stresses that it is essential for the Union's
president to talk to people in the workplace about what is happening, in
furtherance of her ability to discharge her office. She emphasizes that article 2.1
must be seen as violated where the facts disclose an attempt on the part of
management to put pressure on employees for nothing more than discussing
Union business during off-hours. That, she submits, tends to have a chilling
effect on the ability of .employees to feel comfortable in the exercise of their
Union rights and the Union's own ability to communicate with employees.
Counsel stresses that in the circumstances Ms. Whitehead could in any
event taken up her concerns with Ms. Fordyce, rather than visiting them upon a
bargaining unit employee who was only indirectly involved. She submits that the
relationship between supervisor and employee would inherently suggest the
possibility of negative consequences for Ms. Greene for having failed to take
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action in a way that her supervisor believed she should. She submits that the
evidence confirms a communication from Ms. Whitehead to Ms. Greene, the
content of which must be viewed as having the effect, if not the purpose, of
undermining the ability of employees to discuss Union matters among
themselves.
Counsel for the College advances a substantially different view. He
stresses that the obligations contained within article 2.1 are extremely important,
and that a finding by a board of arbitration that the College or a member of its
management has knowingly attempted to interfere with Union activities is a
serious charge that should require compelling evidence to support rit. He
stresses that that is doubly so where, as in the instant case, on its face the
grievance initially demanded the firing of the supervisor against whom the
grievance was filed'.
Counsel for the College stresses the testimony of Ms. Whitehead, noting
her own evidence to the effect that the only reason she spoke with Ms. Greene
was out of a "humanistic concern" when she was given to understand by three
separate employees that the two employees questioned by Ms. Fordyce felt
extremely uncomfortable during the Christmas dinner because of it. Counsel
submits that the concerns of Ms. Whitehead for the general comfort of
employees at a Christmas social occasion does not suggest the kind of motive
which article 2.1 was intended to capture, much less justify what he characterizes
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as the "outrageously framed grievance" drafted and filed by Union local president
Jean Fordyce.
Counsel for the College also points to Ms. Whitehead's notes, made
shortly after her encounter with Ms. Greene. He stresses that among the things
which Ms. Whitehead recalls of the conversation was that when told by the
grievor that she was not involved in the conversation of Union affairs and that it
was Jean Fordyce who was speaking to the two temporary employees, Ms.
Whitehead responded to the grievor "...if she had not been involved I would talk
to Jean". Counsel submits that what transpired is clearly more a concern for
social propriety than an attempt to interfere with the Union rights or privileges of
Ms. Greene.
He also submits that the language of article 2.1 must be strictly applied to
the facts at hand. He maintains that when that is done the article, which he
characterizes as a reprisal provision, has plainly not been violated. Reviewing
the specific wording of article 2.1, he maintains that there is nothing in the
evidence to suggest any concern expressed by Ms. Whitehead relating to Ms.
Greene's membership in the Union, nor her involvement in any activity of the
Union. Those are the two matters which he submits are expressly protected by
the language of article 2.1, neither of which is offended on the facts disclosed.
Borrowing the language of the article, Counsel emphasizes that Ms. Whitehead
did not speak to Ms. Greene "because of" her membership or activity in the
Union, but rather out of a compassionate concern for the discomfort which she
was told two temporary employees were made to feel on what should have been
a pleasant social occasion.
We turn to consider the submissions of the parties, and the language of
article 2.1 of the collective agreement. At the outset, we feel compelled to
express our view that whatever Ms. Whitehead's intention, given the extremely
sensitive nature of Ms. Fordyce's concerns, and the already strained relations
between them, it was a matter of questionable judgment to raise with any
employee the quality of Ms. Fordyce's conduct on a social occasion, particularly
where it could arguably be said to have some relation to Union interests. Ms.
Whitehead knew, or reasonably should have known, that Ms. Fordyce would not
take kindly to a negative comment, even if it related to what may have been
perceived as an aggressive "in your face" conversation with temporary
employees who might have been made by Ms. Fordyce to feel uncomfortable at
a social occasion. The supervisor's authority obviously does not extend to being
the arbiter of social niceties at a Christmas party sponsored and organized by the
employees themselves, independently of the College. Even with the best of
motives, it should not have come as a surprise to Ms. Whitehead that an
employee might view her comments as patronizing, and more specifically that
Ms. Greene might well find them offensive.
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The real issue at hand, however, is whether, as Counsel for the College
submits, there was a violation of article 2.1 of the collective agreement. More
specifically, was Ms. Greene made the subject of intimidation, discrimination,
interference, restraint or coercion based on her membership in the Union or her
activity in the affairs of the Union? While the Board appreciates that Ms. Fordyce
views anything that she does as Union activity by reason of her office, on careful
scrutiny the facts do not of themselves disclose a clear incident that can be said
to involve Union activity on the part of Ms. Greene who, by her own account, was
more in the nature of an observer of the conversation between Ms. Fordyce and
the two temporary employees. In essence what transpired was an attempt on
the part of Ms. Whitehead to deliver a message to Ms. Fordyce, through Ms.
Greene, to the effect that she was insensitive in the way she pursued the
temporary employees with her persistent questions during a gathering which was
meant to be a pleasant social occasion. It is not the content of the conversation
that was Ms. Whitehead's concern, so much as the time and place Ms. Fordyce
chose to pursue it.
There is, moreover, nothing in the evidence which would support the
suggestion of anti-Union animus on the part of Ms. Whitehead. Her use of
temporary employees was -fully explained in her evidence, which was not
materially contradicted by the Union. By Ms. Fordyce's own admission, she did
not grieve the use of four temporary employees through the period of early
December as she appeared to accept that there was a staff shortage occasioned
in part by the absence of employees due to illness. The evidence further
discloses that, in fact, Ms. Whitehead ultimately succeeded in adding two
additional permanent bargaining unit positions to the department, an
improvement which apparently was in the works at the time of the facts giving
rise to this grievance.
Further to the issue of anti-Union sentiment on the part of the College, it is
notable that during the course of the grievance procedure Ms. Cathie Auger,
Director of Student and Staff Services, Ms. Whitehead's supervisor, wrote a letter
to the grievor, which stated in part:
If you feel this meeting was disrespectful of you or of your rights
under Article 2.1 of the Collective Agreement, both Doreen and I
apologize. We regret any concern you may have felt as a result of
this meeting.
Regrettably, that apology did not satisfy the grievor or her Union.
On a fair analysis of the facts disclosed, we are compelled to conclude
that there was no intention on the part of Ms. Whitehead to interfere with Ms.
Greene by reason of her membership in the Union or her involvement in any
Union activity. While the wisdom of her commenting to Ms. Greene as to the
advisability of discussing sensitive employment matters at a Christmas dinner is
questionable, we are satisfied that it was offered in the same spirit as the saying
that it is not wise to discuss politics or religion in such a setting. Her words were
plainly motivated by her concern for the discomfort which the two employees
involved told her they felt as a result of Ms. Fordyce's questioning of them. If the
supervisor had any concern with the conversation at the dinner table, it was not
with respect to its content, but rather with what she perceived as the lack of
human understanding and insensitivity of Ms. Fordyce in respect of the two
employees. It must be acknowledged, in our view, that Ms. Fordyce's office as
local Union president does not extend the protection of article 2.1 of the collective
agreement to all aspects of everything she does. If, for example, she had
attempted to use the Christmas dinner to circulate a union questionnaire or
newsletter at the dinner table, an objection raised by an employee, or by Ms.
Whitehead, protesting the introduction of business into a social occasion would
not, in our view, violate article 2.1 of the collective agreement. The facts of the
instant case are not dissimilar.
An allegation before a statutory tribunal that individuals, an employer or a
union have engaged in conduct as serious as intimidation or coercion to restrain
or chill the exercise of rights which are statutorily protected is a very serious
charge. This Board is not unmindful of the importance of a provision such as
article 2.1 of the collective agreement, or indeed of the chilling effect upon Union
activity which an overt or subtle abuse of supervisory authority can have. For the
reasons touched upon above, however, we are satisfied that Ms. Greene was not
subjected to any violation of her protections under article 2.1 of the collective
agreement by reason of the comments made to her by Ms. Whitehead
concerning the dinner table conversation at the Christmas party in December of
1999. There is therefore no basis upon which to declare a violation of the
collective agreement nor to direct an apology, assuming this Board should have
such a remedial jurisdiction. For these reasons the grievance must be
dismissed.
Dated at Toronto this 16th day of April 2001.
Michel G. Picher
Chair
I concur "Ron Hubert"
College Nominee
I dissent "John McManus"
Union Nominee