HomeMy WebLinkAboutManoll 02-03-30IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
BETWEEN:
ST. LAWRENCE COLLEGE
("the employer")
and
ONTARIO PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYEES UNION
("the union")
AND IN THE MATTER OF A CLASSIFICATION GRIEVANCE OF MS.
SARA MANOLL (OPSEU #O1B234)
ARBITRATOR: lan Springate
APPEARANCES
For the Employer: Verna Morrow, HR Consultant
Rick Dunn, Registrar and Director
of Student Services
For the Union: Julie Lott, Chief Steward, Local 418
Sara Manoll, Grievor
HEARING: In Brockville on February 22, 2002
DECISION
INTRODUCTION
On August 16, 2000 the grievor filed a grievance in which she
contended that she was improperly classified as a Library Technician B.
This classification is paid at the payband 9 level. In her grievance the
grievor asked to be reclassified to a Library Technician Atypical at payband
11. In these proceedings the union argued that she should be paid at the
payband 10 level.
The parties disagree on the ratings for three of the twelve job factors
under the relevant job classification system, namely: experience, motor skills
and work environment. Each of these factors is discussed separately below.
On an arbitration data sheet signed by the parties the union took issue
with the contents of a position description form ("PDF") prepared by the
employer to the extent that the contents related to the three factors in
dispute.
THE GRIEVOR'S POSITION
The grievor is the only library technician employed at the College's
Brockville campus. When the grievance was filed her supervisor was Ms.
Betty Boone, the then Director of Student Services. Her current supervisor
is Mr. Rick Dunn, College Registrar and Director of Student Services. Mr.
Dunn attended and gave evidence at the hearing. He indicated that in
addition to being College Registrar he is responsible for libraries, counseling
and athletics at the College's three campuses located in Kingston, Cornwall
and Brockville.
Mr. Dunn's office is located in Kingston. Mr. Dunn testified that on
average he is at the Brockville campus once every two weeks, although
recently it has been at least once a week. He said that when he visits the
Brockville campus he does not always see the grievor. Mr. Dunn noted that
about 55 employees work for him.
Mr. Dunn testified that the College has about 3,200 full-time students
in Kingston, 700 in Cornwall and 350 in Brockville. He said that one library
technician (the grievor) is based in Brockville, one is based in Cornwall and
four library technicians as well as a clerk are employed at Kingston. He said
that a professional librarian, who he described as a tri-campus librarian, is
also based in Kingston. Mr. Dunn indicated that in May 2001 he set a
standard whereby the librarian was to visit the Brockville campus for a day
every two weeks, inclusive of travel time. The grievor's evidence was that
over the past three years the librarian has visited the Brockville campus a
total of 21 times, generally for three to four hours at a time.
The PDF prepared by the employer indicates that for approximately
55% of the time the grievor assists patrons with information retrieval needs;
25% of her time is spent coordinating the acquisition, processing and
maintenance of information commons/library resources; and 15% of her
time is related to the circulation of library/information commons materials.
The grievor testified that one of her main tasks is to help students find
the information they require. She said that the bulk of this information is
found online. She noted in this regard that the Brockville campus has the
smallest of the College's library collections. The grievor said that she must
decide where to look for online information and this involves a consideration
of a student's level and the end use of the information so that she can
determine the depth of information required and whether she must access
pay-per-use databases.
The grievor testified that since 1998 she has been solely responsible
for library acquisitions at the Brockville campus. She said that she reviews
course objectives, determines where ;~the holes" are in the library collection,
looks at what is available online and then decides what to purchase. She
added that she is able to authorize a purchase of up to $400 without
obtaining an approval. The grievor indicated that she does the cataloguing
and subject indexing for new acquisitions.
The grievor's evidence indicated that her duties have become more
and more computer oriented as information is increasingly accessed online
rather than through books and magazines. She said that this is reflected in
the use of the term ;~information commons" to describe her work area. The
increased use of computers is also reflected in some of the duties and
responsibilities listed in the PDF, including:
instruction and assistance in the use of computerized
databases, both local and remote, e.g. Internet, Dialog, EB
SCO Host, CD-ROM, etc.
accesses and searches databases in order to compile
relevant curriculum-based bibliographies for staff and
students upon request.
Responsible for the day-to-day functioning, problem-
solving, and maintenance of Library/Information Commons
hardware and software.
The grievor testified that in 1998 the library collection at the
Brockville campus was downsized and a substantial number of volumes sold
off. She indicated that this related to the transition from a traditional library
to an information commons.
The grievor testified that because she instructs others in their use, she
must be at the "expert level" with respect to the use of numerous software
packages.
THE FACTOR OF EXPERIENCE
The job evaluation manual indicates that the factor of experience is
designed to measure the amount of practical experience in any related work
necessary to fulfill the requirements of a position.
The employer rated this factor at level 3, which is worth 32 points
under the job evaluation plan. The union claims that the correct rating is
level 4, which is worth 45 points. The relevant factor level definitions as
well as illustrative classifications contained in the job evaluation manual
read as follows:
3. More than one year and up to three years of practical
experience.
Caretaker B; Clerk General C; Library Technician B; Support
Services Officer A, B
4. More than three years and up to five years of practical
experience.
Clerk General D; Secretary B, C; Technician C; Technologist B
The PDF language proposed by the employer listed the required
experience level in the alternative, depending of whether or not an
incumbent has a library diploma or degree. The proposed wording was as
follows:
Two years experience in the reference division of a
computerized library.
Five years relevant experience in lieu of a post secondary
Library Sciences/Techniques diploma/degree.
In 1972 the grievor completed three years of a four-year
undergraduate library science degree in Pennsylvania. That same year the
Ontario Library Association recognized her education as being equivalent to
a library science diploma from an Ontario College. There is no Ontario
equivalency to an undergraduate library science degree. The parties agreed
on a level 5 rating for the factor of training/technical skills for the grievor's
position. This rating is appropriate for a job that requires skills normally
acquired through a two-year community college diploma or equivalent.
It is apparent from the job classification system that the factor of
experience is meant to reflect the minimum amount of practical experience
necessary to fulfill the requirements of a position. It is not meant to reflect
the ideal or optimal amount of experience a person in the position might
possess. It is also not to be confused with the actual experience of a
particular incumbent. The experience of an incumbent would be relevant if
the evidence indicated that this level of experience reflected the minimum
amount of experience required to fulfill the duties of the position or was the
minimal level demanded by the employer.
The grievor joined the employer in 1984. At the time she had 14
years of library experience, part of which was in a university library. Mr.
Dunn's evidence, however, indicated that this level of experience is not
something the employer has insisted on. He testified that he recently hired a
graduate of a two-year library technician program at Seneca College who
had one year's experience working in a high school. He indicated that this
person has been working at the Kingston campus without any difficulties.
He said that she spends some of her time working on the reference desk.
The grievor testified that a library technician at the Brockville campus
requires more than three years' experience. She said that in order to
maintain a useful library collection she must be very familiar with the needs
of staff and students and someone fresh out of library school could not meet
this requirement. She added that should the collection at the Brockville
campus fail to meet the educational needs of students then the students
would suffer.
The grievor testified that when addressing the information needs of a
client she conducts an interview of the individual to find out what he or she
really wants, what the material is to be used for and how much she should
give them. She said that she is successful in this process because of her
education and experience. She contended that someone with less than three
years experience could not carry out the process quickly enough or
accurately enough and would have to consult with others.
The grievor testified that because there is an on-site librarian in
Kingston, the library technicians at that location do not make book
selections for purchase or develop a magazine collection. She also said that
at the Kingston campus there is on going consultation between the library
technicians. She added that when she has called Kingston with a reference
question the staff at her level have never been able to assist her and the
matter has always been passed on to the librarian.
The grievor submitted that library technicians and librarians usually
have special areas of expertise whereas she needs to know about all of the
programs offered at Brockville. She said that she must understand the core
concepts of nursing, emigration law, police foundations, etc. so that she can
decide where to go for information. She added that if a person in Police
Foundations is looking for a specific Act she must know if it is a federal or a
provincial statute, and that is not something taught in library school but
rather comes from experience. She said that if a nursing student should ask
her about a particular repetitive strain injury she could direct the student to
the right part of the library. She also testified that if someone wants to know
how many VCRs were sold in Flin Flon she knows how to access the
relevant Statistics Canada data, which is not easy to do and not taught in a
reference course for library students.
The grievor testified that based on his or her schooling a library
technician would know how to search web sites, but it takes experience to
ascertain which web sites have authority and which are actually relevant to a
student's academic needs. She said that when she took a six-month leave of
absence the individual who replaced her as well as other staff sent her e-
mails asking for her help. She said that the person who replaced her was
actually a professional librarian with three years experience. The grievor
said that the type of questions she was asked included what to do when a
computer locks up on a particular database, what was the web site with her
bookmarks, and what type of search strategy should be followed.
The grievor testified that due to her experience she was able to search
for funding and then apply for and receive substantial funds from the Federal
Government's Community Access Program. She noted that only the
Brockville campus has received this funding.
The grievor testified that her experience has allowed her to conduct
needs assessments, including conducting surveys, gathering information,
communicating the results and making recommendations for change.
When giving his evidence Mr. Dunn contended that because of the
diversity of programs offered in Kingston, the library technicians at that
campus are also required to get into a variety of searches and a variety of
databases when responding to reference requests.
The grievor's extensive experience clearly enables her to perform her
duties at a very high level. A trained library technician with less than three
years practical experience would logically not be as helpful to students and
staff who are seeking reference assistance. As a result clients might not
access the best resource material possible. A library technician with less
than three years experience would also logically not do as good a job when
conducting a needs assessment or acquiring library materials to meet the
needs of staff and students. In addition, such an individual would not likely
be able to acquire special government funding for the library. I have no
difficulty in concluding that a library technician with less than three years
experience could not function at anywhere close to the same level as the
grievor.
The issue in this case, however, is not whether a less experienced
library technician could perform the job as well as the grievor. Rather, it is
whether a trained library technician with less than three years relevant
experience could perform the minimum requirements of the j ob as set by the
employer. The evidence establishes that such an individual would not do the
job as well as the grievor. It does not, however, establish that such an
individual could not do the job at all. Given these considerations I conclude
that the level 3 rating for experience assigned by the employer was not
inappropriate.
MOTOR SKILLS
This factor measures the fine motor movements necessary to fulfill the
requirements of a position. There are two aspects to this rating. One is
prevalence. That parties agree that the grievor's position is appropriately
rated at level 2 for prevalence, meaning that fine motor movements are
required for 10% to 30% of the time. The second aspect of the rating
concerns the type of motor skills involved. The employer argues for a level
C-2 rating worth 22 points while the union argues for a level D-2 rating
worth 34 points. The criteria for level C and D ratings are as follows:
C Complex fine motor movement, involving considerable
dexterity, coordination and precision is required. Speed is a
secondary consideration.
D Complex fine motor movement, involving significant
dexterity, coordination and precision, is required. Speed is a
major consideration.
The job classification manual gives as illustrative classifications for a
level C-2 rating a Clerk General D and Support Services Officer B. The
illustrative classifications for a D-2 rating are Secretary C and
Typist/Stenographer A.
The employer proposed the following PDF entry for this factor:
Computer-based information sources require a high degree of
manual dexterity and require regular keyboarding and computer
mouse use.
When troubleshooting the library equipment problems, care
must be taken to protect delicate internal components while
avoiding potential personal injury (cuts & burns)
Speed is an important consideration when searching "pay-as-
you-search" databases or when meeting clients' time
restrictions.
Task/Equipment % of Time
Computer based information sourcing
(keyboarding) 10-25 %
Troubleshooting library equipment 5%
Pay-as-you-search databases 5%
Meeting clients' time restrictions 25%
As noted above, the union did not accept the employer's PDF
language respecting the three factors in dispute. During the hearing,
however, the griever agreed that 5% of her time is spent on pay-as-you-
search databases and 25% is spent meeting clients' time restrictions. The
griever described pay-as-you-search databases as ones where the employer
is charged an annual fee as well as a fee per minute while connected.
The griever indicated that the entry about meeting clients' time
restrictions relates to students who are on a break from class and want
material immediately, with the result that she must be fast when
keyboarding. She said that if she takes too long a student's 15-minute break
might be over and she would have to arrange for someone else to take the
material to the student. The griever also commented that if she cannot meet
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students' time constraints then as far as they are concerned the information
does not exist in the library. Mr. Dunn responded to this comment by saying
that a student could come back later for the requested information.
The griever described her job as being computer based and said that
she probably spends six and a half hours a day on the computer. She
indicated that after a staffing change in 1998 reduced the number of library
staff at the Breckville campus from three to one she suffered from carpal
tunnel syndrome. She said that her claim for compensation benefits was
approved by the Workplace Safety and Insurance Board. The griever
contended that with the computer-based changes to her job the motor skills
and speed required for her position exceed those of a Secretary C or a
Typist- Stenographer.
When giving his evidence Mr. Dunn said that the library is a service
operation and one wants to provide service as quickly as possible. The
spekespersen for the employer subsequently asked Mr. Dunn if a library
technician is required to type 50-60 words per minute. He replied that this
would not be his first thought. He then agreed with the suggestion that when
doing searches it is more important that the griever be accurate than that she
type 50-60 words per minute. In response to these comments the griever
contended that she could not get all her work done if she keyboarded at less
than 60 words per minute.
In its proposed language for the experience portion of the PDF the
employer listed a number of skills and abilities required for the position, one
of which read as follows:
Advanced computer literacy including:
keyboarding (speed & accuracy required for especially for
pay-as-you-search databases).
As noted above, the language proposed by the employer for the motor
skills section of the PDF included the statement, %peed is an important
consideration when searching pay-as-you-search databases or when meeting
clients' time restrictions."
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In a written brief filed prior to the hearing the employer referred to a
need for speed on the part of the griever but also contended as follows that
accuracy is more important than speed:
Further, the College recognizes that a portion of this position
involves keyboarding and performing database searches and
that speed is important in meeting client time restrictions;
however, what is more important in carrying out the
responsibilities of this position is the accuracy in the
performance of fine (delicate, intricate or precise) motor
movements.
It is apparent from the grievor's evidence and the employer's own
statements that speed when keyboarding has become an important aspect of
the griever's position. A level D rating is appropriate when speed and
precision are both major considerations, not when speed becomes more
important than accuracy. Indeed, it seems highly unlikely that there would
be any position at the College where accuracy in keyboarding could be
sacrificed for speed.
It is apparent that not all of the grievor's time in front of a computer
involves actual keyboarding. As noted above, however, the parties have
agreed to a prevalence level of 2, meaning that the required level fine motor
movement occurs for 10% to 30% of the time. I am satisfied that for this
period of time speed is a major consideration, as is accuracy. Accordingly, I
find a level D-2 rating to be appropriate.
WORK ENVIRONMENT
The job evaluation manual states that, "This factor measures working
conditions in terms of the physical environment while doing the work." The
employer rated this factor at level 1 worth 10 points. The union argues for a
level 2 rating worth 32 points. The definitions and illustrative classifications
for these levels are as follows:
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1. Job duties are carried out with occasional exposure to
slightly disagreeable and/or hazardous elements.
Clerk General B, C, D; Secretary A, B, C
2. Job duties are carried out with occasional exposure to
moderately disagreeable and/or hazardous elements
OR
recurring exposure to slightly disagreeable and/or hazardous
elements
OR
there is a requirement for occasional travel (10% - 30%)
Support Services Officer C; Switchboard Operator; Technician A, B,
C; Technologist A, B, C
The union advanced a number of arguments in support of its claim for
a level 2 rating. One the griever addressed at some length related to verbally
and physically abusive students, including one who in 1994 threatened to
kill her and another who in 1998 spun her chair and pushed it against a wall.
This type of behavior cannot be ignored nor its impact underestimated. It is
an issue that the parties might want to consider in the context of any review
of the job evaluation system. As noted above, however, the job evaluation
manual states that the factor of work environment is meant to measure
working conditions in terms of the physical environment. I do not believe
that it would be appropriate for me to try to address issues relating to student
behavior in the context of a factor meant to address only the physical
environment.
The union in its submissions relied on the fact that the griever does
some traveling to the Kingston campus for training seminars. The griever
agreed with the employer's estimate that she spends about 4% of her total
work time traveling, although she did add that this changes from year to
year. In its written brief the union noted that the criteria for a level 1 rating
does not refer to any travel whereas level 2 refers to occasional travel. The
criteria for level 2 does, in fact, refer to occasional travel. It also defines
what is meant by this term, namely travel for 10% to 30% of the time. It is
apparent that this wording is not meant to capture infrequent travel of the
type engaged in by the griever.
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The union in its brief referred to the fact that the griever uses a ladder
and step stool to put books away and spends a great amount of time
standing. In her evidence the griever also referred to crawling under a
computer desk to ensure that things are plugged in. These are all matters
that are clearly meant to be addressed by the factor of physical effort, not
work environment.
The union brief also relied on the fact that dust gathers in the library.
The griever testified that the facility is cleaned once a week and dust gathers
on books and magazines. It is difficult to ascertain from the level definitions
whether dust gathering on library materials between weekly cleanings is to
be viewed as a disagreeable or hazardous element. Working with library
materials is, however, an essential element of a typical library technician's
job. The guide charts for both Library Technician A and Library Technician
B indicate that a level 1 rating is typically appropriate for this factor. This
suggests that under normal conditions dust in a library is not viewed as a
disagreeable or hazardous element.
In its proposed PDF language respecting the factor of work
environment the employer made the statement that, "Job duties are carried
out with occasional exposure to slightly disagreeable and/or hazardous
elements (5 hrs./week). The griever testified that this statement related to
her maintaining and putting her hands into "the guts" of a photocopier, fax,
printers, and microfiche reader as well as her performing tasks such as
pulling out paper jams. In its written brief the union submitted that 5 hours
per week equates to 14.3% of the griever's time and "using that percentage
of the job, puts the level as moderate or Level 2 according to the Work
Environment Factor."
The amount of time the grievor spends working on equipment
logically relates to whether her exposure to disagreeable and/or hazardous
elements is occasional or recurring. The terms "occasional", "recurring" and
"continuous" are not defined in the context of the factor of work
environment. They are, however, defined for the factor of physical demand.
Occasional is defined as "part" of a day, recurring as "most" of the day and
continuous as "all the time". On the premise that words should be given the
same meaning wherever used in the job evaluation manual, I conclude that
14.3% of the time equates with occasional and not recurring or continuous
exposure. Further, having regard to the fact that the illustrative
classifications for a level 1 rating include classifications that are typically
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involved in operating office equipment, I conclude that the exposure is
appropriately rated as slightly disagreeable.
Having regard to the above considerations, I confirm the level 1 rating
assigned by the employer.
CONCLUSION
The employer's rating of the grievor's position resulted in it receiving
606 points. A D-2 rating for the factor of motor skills raises this by 12
points to a total of 618. This is still within the payband 9 range of 571 to
630 points. Accordingly I confirm that the grievor is properly being paid at
the payband 9 level.
Dated this 30th day of March 2002.
Arbitrator