HomeMy WebLinkAboutUnion 03-04-22IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
BETWEEN: LOYALIST COLLEGE
AND ONTARIO PUBLIC SERVICE
EMPLOYEES UNION, LOCAL 145
AND IN THE MATTER OF A UNION GRIEVANCE
OPSEU FILE #02C227
BOARD OF ARBITRATION: MAUREEN K. SALTMAN, CHAIR
PETER M. HETZ, COLLEGE NOMINEE
RONALD J. KELLY, UNION NOMINEE
APPEARANCES
FOR THE COLLEGE: FRED G. HAMILTON, Q.C.
FOR THE UNION: GAVIN J. LEEB, COUNSEL
AWARD
The grievance in this case claims that the College failed to provide
written notification to the Local Union and OPSEU Head Office of the contracting
out of cleaning work in violation of Article 15.8 of the collective agreement, which
provides:
15. LAYOFF/RECALL PROCESS
15.8 Contracting Out- Union Notification
If the College decides to contract out work or services which are being
performed by employees at the commencement date of this
Agreement which would cause the layoff or involuntary displacement of
any employees covered by this Agreement, the College will notify the
Local Union and OPSEU Head Office four (4) weeks in advance of the
written notice being provided to the employees affected. The
processes in Article 15.3 shall be followed.
In addition, the following provisions merit consideration:
3. MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS
3.1 Union Acknowledgements
The Union acknowledges that it is the exclusive function of the College
to:
- maintain order, discipline and efficiency;
- hire, discharge, transfer, classify, assign, appoint, promote,
demote, layoff, recall and suspend or otherwise discipline
employees subject to the right to lodge a grievance as provided for
in this Agreement;
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- generally to manage the College and without restricting the
generality of the foregoing, the right to plan, direct and control
operations, facilities, programs, courses, systems and procedures,
direct its personnel, determine complement, organization, methods
and the number, location and classification of personnel required
from time to time, the number and location of campuses and
facilities, services to be performed, the scheduling of assignments
and work, the extension, limitation, curtailment or cessation of
operations and all other rights and responsibilities not specifically
modified elsewhere in this Agreement.
The Colleges agree that these functions will be exercised in a manner
consistent with the provisions of this Agreement.
17. JOB POSTINGS/PROMOTIONS
17.3 Temporary Assignments
17.3.1 Temporary Postings
VVhere the College has at least four (4) weeks' notice of a
temporary vacancy in the bargaining unit which is expected to be of
more than four (4) months' duration, the College shall post the
temporary vacancy so that bargaining unit employees can indicate
their desire to be selected for such vacancy.
Recognizing that the College reserves the right to select a person
in the bargaining unit or hire a temporary employee at its discretion,
where a bargaining unit employee is selected as a temporary
replacement the employee will have the right to return to his/her
regular position or its equivalent on the expiration of the temporary
assignment. The first resultant temporary vacancy shall also be
posted in accordance with this clause if it meets the criteria. It is
understood that none of the clauses of Article 17.1 apply to
temporary vacancies.
The work in question involved cleaning washrooms in the Kente
Building, an academic building on the College's Main Campus. Prior to August,
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2001, the cleaning work was performed on the day shift by Pauline Foster, who
was classified as a full-time Caretaker at Payband 2. The evidence indicates that
Ms. Foster selected this assignment on an annual basis and that, prior to this
assignment, Ms. Foster cleaned hallways and other surfaces on the day shift,
while the washroom duties were performed on the day shift by John McPeak.
Prior to Mr. McPeak, these duties were performed in succession by two female
Caretakers, Dorothy Watt and Linda Wood.
Some time in early to mid-2001, Ms. Foster elected to accept an
early retirement incentive package. Ms. Foster's retirement took effect on July
31, 2001. Following her retirement, the washrooms were cleaned by the
Supervisor of Facilities Services, Otto Noppert, and other available staff on the
night shift. Although the occupancy of the building was somewhat reduced over
the summer months, there were a number of air cadets using the building during
the day and the College received complaints regarding the condition and
servicing of the washrooms. In order to address these complaints, the College
considered a number of options, including having the work performed by the
existing staff on the night shift; hiring a part-time Caretaker to perform the work
on the night shift; or hiring a temporary full-time Caretaker on the night shift.
According to the Director of Facilities, Kirk Fleming, although authorization had
been given to hire a temporary full-time Caretaker on the night shift, authorization
had not been given to hire a permanent full-time employee to fill the position
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vacated by Ms. Foster. Mr. Fleming also testified that at that time no
consideration was given to contracting out the work in question.
Ultimately, the decision was made to hire a temporary full-time
Caretaker on the night shift, which gave the College a period of time (some four
months) in which to consider how the work might be performed on a more
permanent basis. Mr. Fleming testified that the College's preference in hiring a
temporary employee was to have the employee assigned to the night shift so that
he would come under the direct supervision of Mr. Noppert. As well, there were
fewer interruptions on the night shift, whereas there were frequent interruptions
on the day shift, when the washrooms were in use. As a result, some time prior
to August 10th, the College posted the position of Caretaker A (Temporary),
primarily on the night shift, from 10:30 p.m. to 7:00 a.m. The successful
applicant for the posting was Chris Rigby, who was hired as a full-time bargaining
unit employee for a specified period from August 27 to December 31, 2001.
Although Mr. Rigby was hired to work, for the most part, on the
night shift, by the end of the first week, it became apparent that the washrooms
could not be adequately cleaned and serviced by an employee assigned to the
night shift. In anticipation that problems would worsen when staff and students
returned to the College following the end of the Labour Day weekend, a decision
was made in late August to have this work performed on an early afternoon shift.
Accordingly, as of September 4th, Mr. Rigby, who was the most junior employee
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on the night shift, was assigned the work from 1:30 p.m. to 10:30 p.m.
Notification of the shift change was provided to the Local Union President, Gord
Wright, by memorandum dated September 12th.
Notwithstanding the shift change, complaints persisted regarding
the condition of the washrooms. Accordingly, in or around November 8th,
Messrs. Noppert and Fleming decided to have the washroom duties performed
on an ongoing basis on the day shift (from 9:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m.). Pursuant to
this decision, which was communicated to the Local Union President on
November 8th, Mr. Noppert canvassed the staff on the night shift to see if any
employee was interested in performing these duties on the day shift. According
to Mr. Fleming, there was no interest in changing shifts, except for two
employees who were willing to move to the day shift provided their night shift
premium was maintained. As this arrangement would have been contrary to the
collective agreement, Mr. Rigby, being the most junior on the night shift, was
reassigned to the day shift. Subsequently, on December 7th, Mr. Rigby was
advised that, due to financial constraints, approval had not been given to fill the
position vacated by Ms. Foster for either the current or subsequent budget year
and, therefore, that his term contract would end as scheduled effective
December 31, 2001. Accordingly, Mr. Rigby was released on December 7th,
although he was paid to December 31st
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Although subsequent to December 7th, the work in question was
performed by the existing staff on the night shift, approval had still not been given
to hire a permanent employee to fill the position vacated by Ms. Foster.
Accordingly, some time in December or January, the College considered its
options for having the work performed by the existing complement. Among the
options considered at that time were the following:
(1) assigning one employee (most probably, the employee occupying the
"float" position) on the night shift (from 10:30 p.m. to 7:00 a.m.) to
clean the washrooms, which would have increased the workload of
other employees on shift and deprived the shift of a "floater" to cover
absences;
(2) transferring an employee from the day shift to the night shift (which
was an option the College retained even though no employee had
expressed an interest in transferring to the day shift), which would also
have deprived the night shift of the float position;
(3) sharing the washroom duties among all of the employees on the night
shift, which would have increased the workload of all of the employees
on shift; or
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(4) assigning one of the existing staff on the day shift to cleaning and
servicing the washrooms, which would also have increased the
workload of these staff, as well as the cost of having the work
performed, as the day shift employees were at a higher payband than
the employees on the night shift. As well, other duties generally
performed on the day shift would have been neglected.
Apart from having the work done by the existing staff, consideration was given to
outsourcing, or contracting out, the work in question.
Although Mr. Fleming acknowledged that cleaning the washrooms
was essential work which had to be done; that the College preferred that the
work be done on the day shift; and that no approval had been given to increasing
the existing complement, Mr. Fleming disputed that the only option available to
the College at that time was to contract out the work. In fact, as previously
indicated, while the College was considering its options in December and
January, the work was performed by employees on the night shift.
Nevertheless, Mr. Fleming confirmed that in or around January 20
or January 21, 2002, the decision was made to contract out the work. According
to Mr. Fleming, the decision was made for financial reasons and in order to
maintain service at a reliable and productive level. Pursuant to this decision, on
January 23rd, Mr. Fleming sent an e-mail requesting that the contractor, Unicco
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Facilities Services, arrange for "staffing (female) to cover the cleaning and
servicing of all washrooms at the Kente building 0900 to 1800 hours Monday to
Friday" commencing Monday, January 28th, if possible. The e-mail stated that
the hourly rate would be in accordance with the existing contract, as Unicco
performed cleaning services in other areas. Mr. Fleming testified that he
specified female staffing in order to minimize disruption (presumably, a reference
to disruption in the performance of cleaning duties, which would occur if a male
staff member provided service, as women's washrooms generally required more
servicing than the men's washrooms). Although Mr. Fleming acknowledged that
in the three- to four-year period prior to the contracting out, no steps were taken
to prevent male employees from assuming the washroom assignment (as
preference for assignments was given on the basis of seniority, among other
factors), he took note of the fact that, for the most part, women had performed
this work.
Submissions of the Parties
The Union submitted, in essence, that the work of cleaning the
washrooms in the Kente Building was an essential service which had to be
performed; that, due to budgetary constraints, the College was unable to hire a
permanent employee to fill the position vacated by Ms. Foster; and that, having
canvassed a number of alternatives, as of December 7th, the only viable option
was to contract out the work. In fact, the Union submitted that, Mr. Fleming's
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evidence notwithstanding, the only conclusion to be reached is that the
contracting out decision was made prior to December 7th (and might well have
been made as early as August), although it was not announced until December.
The important point, according to the Union, is that the College effectively made
the decision to contract out the work in question while Mr. Rigby was still an
employee. In the alternative, if the decision was made in January, it is
reasonable to conclude that the College deferred making the decision until Mr.
Rigby was no longer an employee in order to avoid its obligations under Article
15.8. In the result, the Union submitted that (1) the decision to contract out the
work in question resulted in the layoff or involuntary displacement of a bargaining
unit employee, namely, Mr. Rigby, which triggered the requirement to notify the
Local Union and OPSEU Head Office in accordance with the provisions of Article
15.8 of the collective agreement; and (2) the College violated the collective
agreement in failing to provide such notice.
The College submitted, in effect, that subsequent to Ms. Foster's
retirement, an effort was made to reduce costs by having the washroom duties
done by the existing staff on the night shift and that, when complaints about the
condition of the washrooms reached a level that the College could not tolerate, it
examined various alternatives for having the work performed. The College
further submitted it had no obligation under the collective agreement to maintain
the regular complement following Ms. Foster's retirement. Accordingly, the
decision was made in August, 2001 to hire a temporary full-time employee,
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namely, Mr. Rigby, on a term contract ending December 31, 2001, which gave
the College the opportunity to consider how the work might be performed on a
more permanent basis. Following the termination of Mr. Rigby's contract, the
College again considered its options for having the work performed, and in or
around January 20 or January 21, 2002, made the decision to contract out the
work in question. The College further submitted that there is no basis upon
which to conclude that the decision to contract out was made prior to January;
that Mr. Fleming's evidence in this regard was entirely credible; but that, in any
event, the decision to contract out had no effect on the termination of Mr. Rigby's
contract, which came to an end, in accordance with the terms which had been
agreed to by Mr. Rigby, on December 31, 2001. Accordingly, it was submitted
that there was no layoff or involuntarily displacement of any bargaining unit
employee as a result of the decision to contract out the cleaning work in the
Kente Building and, therefore, no obligation to give notice under Article 15.8 of
the collective agreement.
The Union submitted, by way of reply, that, given the essential
nature of the work in question, it seems improbable that the College would have
waited until late January to address the manner in which this work would be
performed. In the alternative, the Union submitted that even if the College did
wait until January before deciding to contract out the work, it should not be
allowed to avoid the requirement for notice under Article 15.8. The Union further
submitted that Mr. Rigby was not a temporary employee under Appendix D, but
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rather a temporary employee on a term contract who was released during his
probationary period. Furthermore, his termination was not voluntary, as the
College suggested. Rather, he was involuntarily displaced within the meaning of
Article 15.8.
Decision
The issue is whether the College violated Article 15.8 of the
collective agreement in failing to provide written notification to the Local Union
and OPSEU Head Office of the contracting out of cleaning work in the Kente
Building on the College's Main Campus.
Article 15.8 provides that where the College decides to contract out
work or services being performed by employees at the commencement date of
the collective agreement, which would cause the layoff or involuntary
displacement of any employees covered by the agreement, the College will notify
the Local Union and OPSEU Head Office four weeks in advance of written notice
being provided to the employees affected, which triggers the involvement of the
Employment Stability Committee under Article 15.3. In this case, there was no
dispute that at the commencement date of the collective agreement (January 18,
2001), the work of cleaning the washrooms in the Kente Building was being
performed by a bargaining unit employee (Ms. Foster), or that the work was
ultimately contracted out. There was a dispute, however, as to whether the
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decision to contract out the work caused the layoff or involuntary displacement of
an employee covered by the collective agreement.
In this regard, the evidence indicates that although Ms. Foster
retired effective July 31, 2001, her position was not maintained. After an initial
attempt to have the work performed by existing staff on the night shift (including
Mr. Noppert), the decision was made to post a vacancy for a temporary
Caretaker A position for a specified period ending December 31, 2001. Although
the successful applicant, Mr. Rigby, was assigned to the night shift, in short order
it became apparent that this work could not adequately be performed on the night
shift and Mr. Rigby was reassigned from the night shift to an early afternoon shift
effective September 4th. However, the impracticality of that arrangement soon
became apparent as well, and Mr. Rigby was transferred for some period from
the afternoon shift to the day shift. Subsequently, on December 7th, Mr. Rigby
was advised that due to financial constraints, approval had not been given to fill
the position vacated by Ms. Foster and, therefore, that his term contract would
end as scheduled on December 31st.
Thereafter, Mr. Fleming testified, the College considered its options
for having the essential work of cleaning the washrooms in the Kente Building
performed. According to Mr. Fleming, the College revisited having the work done
on the night shift (either by dedicating one employee to the performance of these
duties or sharing the work among several employees). As well, consideration
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was given to having the work done on the day shift (either by transferring an
employee from the night shift, which is an option the College retained even
though no employee expressed an interest in being transferred, or by assigning
the work to an employee already working on the day shift) and to contracting out
the work. Although Mr. Fleming vehemently denied that contracting out was the
only viable option, it was the option ultimately chosen by the College. However,
the uncontradicted evidence was that the decision to contract out the work was
not made until January 20 or January 21, 2002. Nevertheless, the Union
maintained that, as there were no viable options for having the work done (as the
College had rejected having the work done by the existing staff on either the day
shift or the night shift), the decision to contract out must have been made by
December 7th at the latest. Although there is some appeal to the Union's
argument, particularly as Mr. Fleming conceded in cross-examination that the
College had decided in late August that it was not feasible to have the work
performed on the night shift and as there were substantial costs associated with
having the work done on the day shift, the argument loses force when it is
recognized that the cleaning work was performed by the existing staff on the
night shift between December 7, 2001, when Mr. Rigby was released, and
January 20 or January 21, 2002, when the decision was made to contract out the
work.
In any event, it is not necessary to determine when the decision
was made to contract out the work or even whether the decision was made while
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Mr. Rigby was still an employee, as the decision to contract out had no effect on
the termination of Mr. Rigby's contract, which came to an end by the effluxion of
time on December 31,~ 2001. Accordingly, we find that there was no layoff or
involuntarily displacement of Mr. Rigby (or any other bargaining unit employee)
as a result of the decision to contract out the work of cleaning the washrooms in
the Kente Building and, therefore, no obligation to provide written notification in
accordance with the requirements of Article 15.8 of the collective agreement. As
a result, there was no violation of the collective agreement and so the grievance
must be dismissed.
DATED AT TORONTO, this 22nd day of April, 2003.
Chair
"Peter M. Hetz'
College Nominee
See Dissent Attached
Union Nominee
Dissent: Ronald J Kelly, Union Nominee, April 15, 2003
For the reasons below, I cannot concur with the decision of the majority.
The award concludes:
In any event, it is not necessary to determine when the decision was made to contract out the
work or even whether the decision was made while Mr. Rigby was still an employee, as the
decision to contract out had no effect on the termination of Mr. Rigby's contract, which came to
an end by the effluxion of time on December 31, 2002. Accordingly, we find that there was no
layoff or involuntary displacement of Mr. Rigby (or any other bargaining unit employee) as a
result of the decision to contract out the work of cleaning the washrooms in the Kente Building
and, therefore, no obligation to provide written notification in accordance with the requirements
of Article 15. 8 of the Collective Agreement.
It is important to determine when the decision was made to contract out that work. That moment
in time would set in motion the process of notifying the Union and, in turn under Article 15.3, set
in motion the deliberations of the Employment Stability Committee (ESC) -- the committee that
both parties agree will assist in the process of minimizing the dislocation of employees. If the
decision was made at any time when the position was filled by an employee covered by the
Collective Agreement -- and Mr. Rigby certainly was an employee covered by the Collective
Agreement -- then the College had an obligation to notifiy the Local Union and OPSEU Head
Office.
Until December 31,2001, the position was filled by a member of the bargaining unit and
any decision to contract out the work would have required notification to the Local Union and
OPSEU Head Office that the College had decided to contract out some bargaining unit work. But
contracting out wasn't to be discussed before January 21, 2002 when there wasn't a bargaining
unit employee in the position - if the arbitration board accepts the evidence of Kirk Fleming,
director of facilities services at Loyalist.
In his appearance, Mr. Fleming said that contracting out had not been discussed by or
with him, and he wasn't aware that it had been discussed by anyone else, before January 21,
2002. He testified that on January 21 he discussed the college's need for Washroom cleaning with
a representative of Unicco Facilities Services. Unicco holds the contract to clean the student
residences at the College.
Dissent of Union Nominee Page 2
The decision to contract out the work of the bargaining unit emploYee could have been
discussed by College administrators on any number of occasions over an eight or nine month
period between April/May 2001 and January 21, 2002.
That the decision wasn't discussed in those eight months and that it was made speedily
and apparently with little if any management analysis was the subject of argument by counsels
for the College and the Union.
The award notes that "the Union maintained that, as there were no viable options for
having the work done (as the College had rejected having the work done by the existing staff on
either the day shift or the night shift) the decision to contract out must have been made by
December 7th at the latest."
Then the award adds: "Although there is some appeal to the Union's argument,
particularly as Mr. Fleming conceded in cross-examination that the College had decided in late
August that it was not feasible to have the work performed on the night shift and as there were
substantial costs associated with having the work done on the day shift, the arffument .loses force
when it is recognized that the cleanin~ work was.t~erformed by the existin~ staff on the night shift
between December 7, 2001, when Mr. Ri~bv was released, and Janttarv 20 .or.January 21, 2002
when the decision was made to contract out the work. "(Eml3hasis added)
How can the argument loses force? There were no students in the College from mid-
December until early January. Why else would they pay offa contract? If the College needed the
work to be done and they were paying Mr. Rigby to do the work, why wouldn't they keep him to
do the work? Because the washrooms probably weren't in use during the period of the Holidays.
'In his summation counsel for the Union expressed skepticism that contracting out hadn't
been discussed before January 21. Counsel for the College took umbrage that the Credibility of
his witness Kirk Fleming was questioned. He asked the board of arbitration to assess credibility
using the conditions set down by J. Beck in R. v. Covert. The first of those conditions reads: (1)
That the statements of the witness are not in themselves improbable or unreasonable.
Clearly the statements of Kirk Fleming are highly improbable and unreasonable. The
Board cannot accept Mr. Fleming's statements that contracting out had not been discussed in the
many, many months prior to January 21, 2002. Logically, it would be good management to
discuss all the options.
Dissent of Union Nominee Page 3
Contracting out was an option but Mr. Fleming insisted it wasn't discussed at any time in
that six month period when the College attempted to share the work of one employee among
many. In those months the College learned that the work could not be shared among the existing
employees. In July the College knew the cleaning could not be done satisfactorily by the
available day staff. In August the College discovered that the cleaning could not be done
satisfactorily by the staffon the midnight shill. By November 9, the College conceded that the
cleaning of the washrooms could only be done to everyone's satisfaction ifa person was
employed full-time each day from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.
On December 7, 2001 the College paid offthe employee performing the work and
although the College knew that January would bring hugely increased numbers of students into
the building, no one discussed contracting out as a way of keeping those washrooms clean. Was
that only bad management?
I believe that the Board should accept the test of credibility offered by counsel for the
College and, therefore, reject the assertion that the College had not discussed contracting out
before January 21, 2002. The College's implausible change of mind had to be explained by the
College. The issue of the credibility of their witness, if nothing else, placed an onus on the
College to prove that their conduct was in keeping with the Collective Agreement. Mr. Hamilton
took umbrage but he didn't call any witnesses to support Mr. Fleming's evidence that the
College had not discussed contracting out the performance of an essential service.
It is more reasonable to reject the College's claim concerning the date on which the
decision was made to contract out the work than it is to dismiss the Union's argument because
the cleaning work may have been performed by existing staffwhen the washrooms were not in
use.
Therefore, the College contravened the Collective Agreement.
CHAIR'S ADDENDUM
Notwithstanding Mr. Kelly's assertion that if the decision to contract
out was made at any time when the position was filled by an employee covered
by the collective agreement, the College had an obligation to notify the Local
Union and OPSEU Head Office, Article 15.8 requires notification only where the
contracting out would cause the layoff or involuntary displacement of any
employees covered by the collective agreement. In this case, there was no
causal connection between the decision to contract out the work in question and
the termination of Mr. Rigby's contract, which came to an end with the effiuxion of
time on December 31, 2001.
DATED AT TORONTO, this 22nd day of April, 2003.
Chair