HomeMy WebLinkAboutBush 96-01-19IN THE MATTER OF the grievance of David Bush
AND IN THE MATTER OF the arbitration of the grievance
BETWEEN;
Humber College of Applied Arts and Technology
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Ontario Public Service Employees' Union
PLACE AND DATES OF HEARING: Toronto, Ontario, April 26, September 29,
December 11, 18 and 20, 1995
BOARD OF ARBITRATION:
Hugh John Cook
Barry Stephens
Stanley Schiff, chairman
APPEARANCES FOR THE EMPLOYER:
Nancy Hood, director, human resources
J. Henry
D. Davenport
W. J. Hayter, counsel
APPEARANCES FOR THE UNION:
Irena DiRito, local president
David Bush
Gary Adams, counsel
AWARD & REASONS
The grievor is a parking officer at Humber College. On October 28th, 1994 he was
suspended without pay for five working days. At the hearing the parties focused on six
incidents earlier in October as the alleged justification. The union asks that we set aside or
modify the suspension.
At the hearing the grievor's testimony often contradicted testimony from witnesses the
College called. This means that, when the versions of the events we heard do not coincide,
our determination of what happened hinges on an assessment of relative credibility. On that
we must prefer the witnesses for the College. They all testified in a straightforward manner,
sometimes supported by near-contemporaneous memoranda, and were hardly bruised in cross-
examination. Moreover, Mohammed Mia, whose story the grievor wholly denied, had no
interest in this proceeding nor any other motive to falsify or distort. In contrast, the grievor
often gave unresponsive answers and answers that were transparently self-serving. He asked
for repetition of what seemed straightforward questions. He gave self-contradictory answers
on cross-examination and was contradicted on some important points by evidence of his
previous inconsistent statements and conduct. The result is that, by and large, the outline of
the events we accept and set out here is what we draw from the testimony of the College's
witnesses.
The grievor started the job in mid-June 1994. As one of three full-time parking
officers, his duties include manning kiosks near the entrances to parking lots, patrolling the
campus to find illegally-parked cars and collecting money from meters. He may also be
called upon to testify in court to support prosecutions for illegal parking. Because of the
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nature of the job, it is done without any on-the-spot supervision.
When the grievor first started, Donna Davenport, his direct supervisor, outlined to him
what the job was about and emphasized that, as the first person students and other patrons see
on campus, he must supply good customer service. To ensure that he would understand the
various parking regulations and settled practices, Davenport gave him for study volumes of
memoranda setting them out. For training in the day-to-day duties, she assigned him in
rotation to the other two officers as a "buddy" to follow, observe and question during the first
two weeks. His solo duties did not begin until July.
During the summer, there were Several occasions when Davenport was obliged to
emphasize to the grievor the need to follow the directions the memo books and ongoing
memoranda set out.
In mid-July, despite a previous memorandum defining several free parking spaces in
the day care area, the grievor ticketed cars parking there. When Davenport told him that the
matter was covered in the memorandum book, he challenged the procedure: in his view free
parking should not have been granted to the particular persons. Davenport told him to follow
the procedure in place. A month later, despite Davenport's memorandum giving instructions
about parking for a large group coming onto the campus, the grievor gave them instructions
inconsistent with what the memorandum said. When Davenport directed the grievor back to
the memorandum, he questioned the instructions there and added his own thoughts about what
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should have been done. Davenport repeated that he should obey what she had set out
regardless of his contrary opinions.
At least after these two exchanges, the grievor should have been in no doubt that
Davenport expected him to follow whatever rules and procedures the memoranda directed.
We come to the six incidents in issue here.
On the morning of October 3rd or 4th, Mr. Mia, a part-time teacher, found that the lot~
where he usually parked was full. Attempting to find alternative parking space to avoid being
late for class, Mia came to the kiosk of the green lot where the grievor was on duty. Instead
of helping Mia immediately, the grievor waved other cars on while he lectured him about
what the grievor considered the inappropriateness of part-time teachers taking over full-timers'
jobs. Even Mia's announcement that he was going to be late apparently did not stop the
lecture. Finally the grievor allowed Mia to park in another lot. The grievor denies that this
event occurred but, as we have said, Mia has no reason to lie or exaggerate. We also believe
Mia's corroborating testimony that he reported the incident to the program coordinator later
that day.
The grievor was boUnd to serve Mia by helping him find a parking space immediately.
The grievor had no business lecturing Mia about the College's alleged hiring practices, and
certainly nothing justifies delaying Mia while he did so. The grievor's failure to provide the
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customer service his job requires and his threatening to make a teacher late for class warrant
some discipline.
We move to the next incident.
In September, Davenport had issued a memorandum to the parking officers about
sPecial parking arrangements for continuing education students. The memorandum included
statements about the students' attendance at the main kiosk to obtain passes for free parking.
As the grievor admitted before us, he received a copy of the memorandum and understood its
contents. Nevertheless, on October 4th, when students whom the grievor knew were enrolled
in continuing education came to the green kiosk the grievor was manning, he did not
immediately send them to the nearby main lciosk to get the passes. Instead, as he told us, he
put to them a series of options from which they might choose, including parking for a $4 fee
in the main lot. The result was that the students paid to park and, because they had to find a
place to obtain change, were late for class. Angry at what had happened to them, they
complained to Deborah McBaine, who was in charge of organizing their courses. When
McBaine telephoned the grievor at the green kiosk, he offered no explanation except his
disagreement with the procedures set out in the September memorandum and the decision to
let continuing education students park free. In the course of the conversation, he also
questioned Davenport's competence in arranging for the parking and, as he said in testimony,
her competence in managing the parking department.
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The grievor was bound to follow the directions in the September memorandum.
Whatever he thought of Davenport's scheme, he was forbidden to act deliberately, as he did,
to scuttle it in his small way. That, as we see it, is insubordination. The directions in the
memorandum were direct orders to the parking officers, including the grievor, which the
grievor knew and understood at the time the students came to him. His conduct in the face of
the directions was effectively a refusal tO .obey them. The inherent defiance of Davenport's
authority was compounded and explained by what he said to McBaine. But, even if what
happened should not be characterized as an employee's refusal to obey his superior's order,
we still see the whole as the grievor's conduct rejecting and showing contempt for
Davenport's authority. That is the essence of insubordination. Whether insubordination as
arbitrators have often defined the concept or something not dissimilar, what the grievor did
deserved discipline.
The third incident:
Some time during the first week of October, the grievor sold parking passes from the
main kiosk in violation of a rule forbidding such conduct: passes may only be sold from
another location and those issued from the main kiosk go only to guests and a certain
category of students free of charge. Ron White, the safety and parking coordinator, learned
what the grievor had done on October 6th when the grievor admitted in a conversation that he
had recently sold passes to some students. The grievor told us that he knew his conduct
violated the rule but, for the first time at the hearing, he attempted to justify what he had
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done by telling of his scheme to get change to avoid traffic Congestion on nearby roads by
satisfying patrons who needed $1 coins for paid parking. He testified that the money float at
the kiosk Was unduly low at the time and that no ordinary source of change was then
available. As a stop gap measure before White arrived with change, he decided, despite the
prohibition, to sell enough passes to satisfy the patrons' immediate demands. In the result, he
said, he sold nine passes at $4 each and ended up by giving the $36 to White when White
arrived later.
We have considerable doubt that the sale of passes happened that way. Apart from all
else, we have trouble understanding how a scheme of selling passes was suppOsed to produce
the necessary pool of $1 coins. In addition, White denied ever getting money from the
grievor to cover the sale of any passes and we find White a more credible witness than the
grievor. But, even if we were to accept some version of the grievor's story, we know that the
sale of passes from the main kiosk was forbidden. We also know' that White had instructed
the grievor on some similar occasions to apologize to customers for running out of change
and to direct them to other sources for the necessary coins. Neither White nor Davenport
ever authorized the grievor to respond to this situation by selling passes to get change to
satisfy customers.
If we accept only White's testimony, we find simply that the grievor sold passes in
known violation of the prohibition. If we add the grievor's story of what happened, we see in
addition another instance of his acting according to his personal judgment about how to
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handle a parking problem rather than following directions honouring the parking regulations.
Either way, discipline is justified.
The union argues that the grievor's conduct was the result of a judgment call in his
exercise of discretion to solve a traffic and parking problem as best he could in the difficult
circumstances. That judgment call, says the union, we should not second-guess. We disagree.
An employee cannot be free to exercise discretion in the known presence of a contrary rule or
practice the employer has set out. While the grievor's job description does, as the union
points out, require him to exercise discretion, the context makes clear that .he must do so
within the boundaries of the parking rules and procedures.
The fourth of the incidents:
On October 6th, while White was at the main kiosk with the grievor, one or more
students approached, seeking change for $5 bills so that he (or they) could deposit $4 in $1
coins in parking meters. (White testified, supported by his'memorandum outlining the event,
that there was only one student; the grievor says that there were two.) According to White,
the grievor asked, "Do you want three loonies or four?" The person (or persons) said four,
got change and departed without objection. White thought the question so unusual that he
asked the grievor about it. The grievor replied, said White, that if patrons say four, he gives
four loonies unless the person asks for the fifth: "How do you think the short fall [in the
float] is made up?" The union argues that White must have misheard what the grievor asked
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the patrons. According to the grievor's testimony, the question was, "Do you want three
loonies or five?" Although many patrons answered "four", the grievor said, the question-was
designed, to help protect the supply of $1 coins by allowing him to give a $2 bill as part of
the change to someone who wanted only three loonies. He agreed that, when White
questioned him, he did say that keeping the extra loonie when someone answered four would
help make up the shortfall but, he insisted, he was not serious.
In light of our assessment of the grievor's credibility, we might well conclude that
White's version here is what happened. If so, we would find another instance of the grievor's
going his own way. It might also lead to a decision that he was defrauding patrons. But, in
light of our conclusions based on the other five incidents, we need not choose between White
and the grievor. For the purpose of this grievance, we can leave unresolved what actually
happened.
The fifth incident:
On October 18th, because the grievor had to fill in for another parking officer who
was temporarily absent, he missed his fifteen-minute afternoon break. At about 2:40 p.m.--
twenty minutes before his shift was to end--he came to the main kiosk, discussed his security
offence reports with White and, then, while White was discussing their reports with other
officers, announced that he was leaving immediately to make up the time of the missed break.
Within ten or fifteen seconds White finished with the other officers, turned to respond to the
grievor, but found that he was already half-way up the walkway to the bus stop.
The grievor testified that it was after the other officers had left that he said, "If you
have no objection, I will leave early...". According to the grievor, since White made no
response, he assumed that he had permission to go. We do not believe the grievor: his
credibility here depends strongly on his assertion that he submitted no security offence reports
that day and that he had no discussion with White about such reports before he spoke. In
fact, security checks for forged or stolen parking passes had been conducted earlier that day,
and the grievor and the other officers submitted a total of eleven reports as a result. In
addition, because a new coding system had recently been introduced, White deliberately came
out early to the kiosk to discuss their reports with each of the officers.
f The grievor knew the governing rule that, except for a break lost because of an
emergency, breaks not taken cannot be made up. It may be, as the grievor said, that on
occasion White had given approval to a parking officer to leave early when he had not taken
a break for some reason other than an emergency. Even if so, White's permission was needed
and, as we see it, was not obtained. Here again, whether the ordinary rule applied or an
exception based on White's occasional grant of permission, the grievor chose to do what
suited him. This is another example of his knowing disregard of the authority of the rules
and practices governing his job.
The last of the incidents:
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Some time in September a $19 shortage was discovered in the change float at the main
kiosk. To make up the difference the grievor says that he put in $19 of his own money. He
claims no responsibility for the shortage; he says he put in the money solely as a gesture of
good will by a new man trying to get along. At a meeting with Davenport on Friday,
October 14th, she discussed the various incidents earlier in the month including the selling of
passes allegedly to makeup the shortage in the float. Angry at what he thought was an
accusation of theft, the grievor told White that he wanted $19 back from the float. White told
him that he would not authorize removal of the money but would pass on the request to
Davenport. For her part, Davenport told White to inform the grievor that he should not take
the money until she had reached a decision about the matter in the next few days: she wanted
to talk to human resources about the matter and had to go out of town to a conference.
During the next two days, the grievor kept asking White for the money and White repeated
that Davenport would let the grievor know of her decision shortly. On Wednesday, October
14th, White told the grievor that Davenport would be back on campus the next day and would
then tell him what to do. Meanwhile, White said, "Do not take the money" or "I'm advising
you not to take the money". Convinced, as the grievor testified, that White was stalling him,
late that afternoon he took $19 from the float. His justification, he told us, was that a fellow
parking officer, ostensibly in charge of the float, told him he could have the money if he
signed for it on the float balance sheet. He signed and the money came out.
As the grievor admitted, the money was not his to take; what he wanted, he said, was
reimbursement. To get that from the float, as he said he knew, he needed the College's
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permission, in this instance, Davenport's permission. But, since he was sure he was owed the
money, he decided not to wait the extra day White had indicated was needed for Davenport's
decision. He did what he wanted to do despite knowing Davenport's order not to take money
until she said so. It had occurred to him that he might grieve instead of taking the money
but, he told us, he did not want to spoil his relationShip with the other parking officers by
mixing them into a grievance. That was a mistake: he was bound to obey what Davenport
had said and, if she later refused to let him have the money, he might have grieved to get
compensation.
The grievor's conduct here was insubordination. More than that, we could well see it
in these circumstances as theft.
In all, even applying a high standard of persuasion appropriate to the allegations, we
find .five incidents demonstrating a pattern of the grievor's conduct over the three weeks
demonstrating his willingness, despite clear knowledge of what contrary conduct was expected
of him, to act according to his personal assessment of what ought to happen. As we have
said, several of the instances amount to insubordination or the equivalent. Even taking into
account the grievor's previous clean record, we cannot think that the five-day suspension
imposed was wholly disproportionate to the total misconduct added up.
In other circumstances, we might have been concerned that the College did not impose
a series of penalties increasing in severity as each successive incident occurred. But here, the
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incidents happened in rapid succession. Beyond that, the grievor was never misled about
whether the College regarded his conduct as unacceptable. Respecting most of the incidents,
he admits that he was in breach of rules or procedures that he understood; for the incident
involving Mia, we cannot think he believed he could properly treat any customer that way or
that the College would condone it. When he was first hired, the public service aspect of his
job was sixessed to him and, as early as mid-July, Davenport emphasized to him the need to
obey the existing rules whatever his opinion of the!r wisdom might be. From the beginning,
he knew what the College wanted of him. He nevertheless chose to go his own way.
This grievance is dismissed.
DATED at Toronto this/t~day of January 1996.
Hugh John Cook
Barry Stephens