HomeMy WebLinkAboutLucier 89-06-13 IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
BETWEEN:
ST. CLAIR COLLEGE
(the "College")
- and -
ONTARIO PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYEES UNION
(the "Union")
GRIEVANCE RE SHIRLEY LuCIER -
BOARD OF ARBITRATION.- Pamela C. Picher - Chair
Robert Gallivan - College Nominee
:Ion McManus - Union Nominee
APPEARING FOR THE
COLLEGE: 3anice Baker - Counsel
APPEARING FOR THE
UNION: Laura Trachuk - Counsel
A hearing in this matter was held in V/indsor, Ontario on April 20, 1989.
AWARD
Through this arbitration the Union argues on behalf of the grievor~ Ms. Shirley
Lucier, that the College acted in breach of article 15.~.1 (Layoff Procedure]Bumping)of
the collective agreement when it permitted Ms. 3ean Thomas to bump into the grievor's
position of accounts payable clerk in the Financial Services Department. The bumping
in dispute occurred during the summer of 1988 when approximately thirty employees
were laid off.
The relevant portion of article 15.#.I provides as follows:
1 If.~. 1 Layoff Procedure]Bumping
l~.t~.l.l Sequence of Layoffs
When a College decides that circumstances
require a reduction of personnel in any position
within a .classification as defined herein, the
following provisions shall apply:
No Vacant Position
- where there is no such vacant position ...
the employee may displace one ...
determined according to the following
sequence:
- the most junior employee occupying a
position within those classifications of
equal maximum rate to that of the
employee's own classification, that he/she
is fully qualified to perform without
training, and providing he/she has greater
seniority ...
1~.~.1.2 Order of Layoff
Where the term "fully qualified to perform the
work without training" is used in this Article,
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it is understood that the CoHere shall provide
the employee selected with a reasonable period
of familiarization, where necessary.
[emphasis added ]
The Union maintains that Ms. Thomas was not qualified to bump into the
grievor's position because, 'in its submission, she required training, as opposed to a
familiarization period, to become capable of performing the duties of the job.
A. FACTS:
The griever assumed the position of accounts payable clerk in the spring of
1987. The job includes the following tasks:
a. Check invoices against purchase orders to:
i. ensure that they matchl
ii. ensure that appropriate sales tax exemptions have been made and, if
not, rectify the error~
iii. ensure that appropriate vendor discounts have been taken and, if not,
correct the error.
b. Perform the cheque runs. This involves initialing cheques up to $1,000 to
verify that the cheques are made out correctly, i.e. in accordance with the
amount and party set out on the invoice. There are approximately 200-h00
cheques a week processed in this manner.
c. On a daily basis, ensure that a balance exists between the invoices and
the computer listing of the invoices.
d. Issue airline tickets, verifying that necessary approval has been given and
that it is properly recorded.
e. Check grants or bursary cheques against a list to ensure the correctness
of information and amounts; send copies of the list to specified locations
for the performance of other tasks respecting the cheques.
f. At month end, verify that sales taxes match computer reports.
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g. Send form letters respecting leans and verify that payment has not
actually been received when the letter issues.
h. Reconcile petty cash.
i. Keep attendance reports.
The grievor remained in the accounts payable section for three weeks after Ms.
Thomas formally assumed her job. Ms. Lucier had been asked by her supervisor, Ms.
3udy Harris, to remain in her position for a few weeks to train Ms. Thomas. At the
end of that period, Ms. Harris requested that the amount of $1,100.00 for the training
of Ms. Thomas be attributed to the funds available for the "downsizing" that had taken
place with the lay-offs that prompted the bumping in issue. That memo provides as
follows:
TO: Anne Bennett
FROM: 3udith Harris
DATE: 1988 08 12
RE: DOWNSIZING COSTS
I have been instructed by Personnel that Financial Services can
access funds in the corporate account allocated for
"downsizing" and that our request should be processed through
your office.
Our costs are directly attributed to the training of those
persons displacing staff as a result of the collective agreement
and are as follows:
Two weeks salary for S. Lucier for training of Jean
Thomas:
Salary & Fringes $1,100.00
Credit t,003-030-131
Two weeks salary for L. Boyce for training of
Shirley Lucier:
Salary & Fringes $850.00
Credit 4003-020-131
TOTAL $1,950.00
"Judith K. Harris"
Assistant Director
Financial Services
Ms. Thomas had not seen a job description for the position she was bumping into
until she actually assumed the job of accounts payable clerk. She therefore did not
know what responsibilities she would be given. During the first week of the overlap
between Ms. I~ucier and Ms. Thomas, Ms. I. ucier was on vacation. Accordingly, she gave
her no instruction upon her arrivall instead Ms. Silvia Crozier, a general accounting
clerk, provided the necessary guidance.
Ms. Crozier explained the day-to-day tasks for which Ms. Thomas would be
responsible and then took her through them. She showed her how to balance the
accounts payable by ensuring that the log balanced with the computer reports. Ms.
Crozier commented that once she showed Ms. Thomas where to record specific items
there wasn't much else. She stated that she knew Ms. Thomas could do the work when,
on what she recalled as being the first day on the job, Ms. Thomas performed the
accounts payable daily audit. On the Thursday, Ms. Thomas did this task on her own.
Ms. Crozier also showed Ms. Thomas how to do the weekly balance. In addition, she
showed her the location of relevant forms, books and documents) she advised her where
she could obtain relevant figures and other source information~ she pointed out where to
direct particular work for further processing by other clerks and identified various
relevant contact people. She also explained the identi(ication students would need to
obtain their grants.
Ms. Lucier returned on the Tuesday of Ms. Thomas's second week on the job.
Her actual overlap with Ms. Thomas was only approximately 7 days because she went off
sick towards the end of the third week. Ms. Lucier testified that during that time
Ms. Thomas sat and observed her do the job and did not perform any duties on her
own. She commented that Ms. Thomas did not appear to know how to do the job and
that she was required to explain it all step-by-step. More specifically, she stated that
she explained the check runs, the duties respecting grants, how to issue airline tickets,
and the process for verifying and reconciling sales taxes.
~l/hen Ms. Lucier was asked on cross-examination what fundamental principles of
bookkeeping or account she taught Ms. Thomas, she replied that she instructed Ms.
Thomas on the people she would deal with at the College and the types of vendors
who did business with the College. Ms. Lucier maintained that by the time she left
three weeks after Ms. Thomas bumped into the position, Ms. Thomas was not fully
trained. She stated that she didn't know how to perform every job duty accurately,
according to the job description, and needed repeated practice. Ms. Lucier conceded
that she did not detect any errors in Ms. Thomas's work during their period of
overlap. In summary, Ms. Lucier said that she just felt the job was unique and required
training.
Contradicting Ms. [.ucier's evidence, Ms. Thomas stated that during her first
week of overlap with Ms. Lucier she did the work of the position alone approximately
50 percent of the time. Ms. Thomas stated that most of her interaction with ~ bucier
involved asking her where things were kept (such as sales tax records and airline
tickets), determining who supplied certain information she would require to perform her
job (such as the sales tax information), and further familiarizing herself with the
various duties set out in the job description. Ms. Thomas testified that by her third
week on the job or second week of overlap with Ms. J~ucier, she was performing the job
on her own and that there was minimal interaction between herself and Ms. J~ucier.
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On the Wednesday of the last week, Ms. Lucier went home sick and remained off on
the Thursday. On the Friday, she was back but Ms. Thomas testified, without
contradiction, that she and Ms. Lucier spent no time together.
Ms. Thomas stated that there was nothing in the job that she didn't understand
and very little she hadn't in fact done before in her previous jobs. She stated that
there was nothing unusual about the accounts payable system at the College. Ms.
Thomas acknowledged that she was not very productive when she first arrived on the
job. She explained, though, that she was still upset about the bumping and required a
bit of time to calm down. Ms. Thomas testified that overlapping with Ms. Lucier and
having Ms. Lucier outline the job for her was uncomfortable for both of them because
each was upset by the experience of being bumped from jobs they each liked and had
been performing with competence.
Between 1953 and 1981, Ms. Thomas worked for a number of different companies
and acquired substantial experience and training in business accounting, bookkeeping and
office administration. She has had responsibility for keeping corporate books up to trial
balance, i.e. the functions up to those requiring the certification of a chartered
accountant; she has been responsible for accounts payable, i.e. making sure that what is
paid matches what has been ordered and received and that only required taxes are paid;
she has matched packing slips with invoices and completed the appropriate
documentation; she has worked in accounts receivable, i.e. issuing invoices to customers
for goods supplied, charging tax to customers and submitting collected taxes to the
government at month end; she has done costing for products, and she has been
responsible for completing and/or ensuring the completeness of documentation required
for the export of goods to the United States.
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[n 1981, Ms. Thomas began working for the industrial Resource Corporation
0RC), a trades training centre which, by [983, became part of the College. Ms.
Thomas was the financia! clerk for the IRC. Her duties involved the handling of all
financial records for the Centre including accounts payable, accounts receivable, student
records and financial reports. She produced the trial balance for the auditors. All
financial transactions and reports had to be in accordance with the College's accounting
policies and procedures because the funding for the IRC was controlled by and flowed
through St. 'Clair College. Ms. Thomas was the liaison between the IRC and the
College's Accounting Department.
In 1983, the IRC was taken over by the College and all of the financial
functions theretofore performed by Ms. Thomas were transferred to the College's own
Department of Financial Services. Ms. Thomas then became the secretary to the
General Manager and her initial function was to set up the office systems in accordance
with the College's policies and procedures. Her ongoing responsibilities included issuing
requisitions for purchasing, checking deliveries against invoices, establishing and
maintaining budget control records, monitoring accounts payable for budget allocation
and distribution, verifying transactions on monthly budget status reports issued to all
managers by the College's Financial Services Department, keeping the general ledger,
issuing gas tax refunds, scheduling vacations, controlling petty cash, keeping employee
attendance, collecting tuition funds and other student payments and recording and
submitting them to the College. Finally, she functioned as the official liaison between
the IRC and the Financial Services Department at the Main Campus for accounts
payable, accounts receivable, student records, tuition, purchasing, personnel payroll
records and the receiving department.
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Ms. Thomas testified that she felt devastated when she was told that she was
being bumped from her position at the IRC. She was then advised that she was
qualified to bump into Ms. Lucier's job of accounts payable clerk. Ms. Thomas testified
that before she moved over to her new position she had a conversation with the
person who would become her supervisor and found her to be quite hostile. She told
Ms. Thomas at that point that she didn't feel she was qualified. When Ms. Thomas
arrived, on the job, she was advised for the first time that Ms. Lucier was going to stay
for a while to train her. When Ms. Thomas stated that she would prefer not to have
any period of overlap with Ms. Lucier because she thought it would be uncomfortable
for both of them, her supervisor asserted that no one could go into a job like accounts
payable clerk without being trained. There is no evidence to establish that when the
supervisor made this statement she had any knowledge whatever of Ms. Thomas's work
exper.ience and background.
" ~ '.
B. DECISION:
In Re Kelsey Hayes Canada Ltd. and UA~/, I.o~e__i 2t~0 (I972), 1 L.A.C. (2d) 5#
(P.C. Weiler), the arbitrator highlighted some elements of the distinction between
training and a familiarization period. At p.58~ he said:
... If arbitrators held that immediate expertise in a new job
was needed to satisfy the requirement of "ability" then
seniority provisions in cases of promotions would be of little
real value. Hence, recent cases have distinguished between-
ability in the sense of existing skills and competence and a
familiarization period ~hich any employee must have to learn
the details and environment in his new job .... The record in
this case leaves me in real doubt about whether Montroy
simply needed a short familiarization period in the production
clerk job or whether she needed time to develop significant
new abilities which had not been required of her in the pay
roll department.
r. emphasis added ]
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In Re United Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers and Pape-Hersey 'Tubes Ltd., 3
L.A.C. 1121 (Gross)~ the arbitrator at p.1127 referred to the line between familiarization
and training:
In conclusion, it may not be amiss to point out that, even
where the Company is required to give an employee a trial
under Section 38, such a trial is for the purpose of enabling
the employee to demonstrate "that his ability is satisfactory".
The Gompany is under no obligation to train the employee to.
do the job .... A line has to be drawn somewhere between
the case where an employee possesses the basic qualifications
for the job and merely has to acquire within a relatively short
space of time the knowledge and proficiency necessary to
enable him to apply those qualifications to the particular job,
perhaps through a few demonstrations by another employee or
some similar rneans~ and the case oi an employee who has to
be schooled in the periommar~e of his tasks over a rather
lengthy period.
[emphasis added]
Similarly, in Re Gabriel oi Canada Ltd. and The International Association ot Maddnists,
Local 129J~ (1978), 20 L.A.C. (2d) 168 (Kates), the board of arbitration comment~ on the
distinction between training and familiarization. At p. 177, the board stated the
following:
The employer's obligation to provide a candidate for promotio~
(or transfer) with a training period ought to be distinguished
from its obligation to provide him with the benefit of "a
familiarization" period. In order to be entitled to a
familiarization period the most senior candidate must still
exhibit "the immediate and present" skill and ability to perform
the work in question. The purpose of the familiarization
period is simply to enable the candidate to adjust to the
changes in his work environment that normally should be
anticipated as a result of the dislocations occasioned by a new
job. A familiarization period is not intended to be treated as
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"a training period" enabling the employee to spend a period of
time in order to be taught the intricacies of the job. The
benefit of the familiarization period is an implicit condition
.~i..~::..~ :~: :.,. derived from the language of the seniority provisions of the
collective agreement and is directed towards the candidate who
...~ : .~..~.:::. ..... exhibits the ability and skill to perform the job at the time
that the application for the position is made: see Re RCA
Victor Co. Ltd. and Int'l Union of Electrical, Radio & Machine
Workers, Local 5t;2 (1972), 22 L.A.C. 329 (Simmons).
emphasis added
In Reynolds Aluminum and Molder~ and Allied Workers Union, Local 28 (1980), 26
L.A.C. (2d) 266:(Shime), the arbitrator explained the rationale behind a requirement for
familiarization only, as opposed to training, in circumstances of layoff. At pp.268-269,
he said:
It is apparent that the company is not required to provide
employees with a training period in a lay-off situation. Not
only may that be considered as a general proposition in the
absence of a training requirement in the relevant clause but,
also, it is specific to this collective agreement which expressly
permits training in promotion situations while omitting any
,. i. ::~-~.?:~i mention of training in the event of a lay-off .... Thus, on its
face the collective agreement imposes no obligation on the
......:...company to train the grievor.
· ...... The one intriguing argument made by the union is that the
language in art. I 1.06 [lay-off and recall] does not require the
employee to know the job, but it only requires the employee to
have the potential to do the necessary work ....
While at first blush there appeared to be some merit in the
union's argument, upon reflection it is my view that its
argument cannot succeed. First, a lay-off situation must be
considered as different from a promotion situation. I agree
with that line of decisions which states that if an employee
seeking a promotion had to be immediately qualified then it is
likely that very few employees would succeed in getting a
promotion. Promotion clauses must be read in a practical ,ray
and it is generally sufficient, of course depending on the
language, that the employee have a potential for doing the H
However, a lay-off is not like a promotion. In cases of
promotion there are, generally, only a few employees who seek
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a promotion. After the first promotion there may be a chain-..,~:,; .;,. ,.;,
like effect in which one employee is promoted and then others
are promoted to fill the vacancy left by the promoted employee .,i~ .~.:,,~. :~.. :. :~,,:.. .i,
and so on; 'but the situation' is limited.
· ,. ~... ,,, ,% ? J..)..:
A lay-off ~s~y results in a checker board'situation in~ Wh'ich
a number of employees are laid off where the others exert ~?,.,-:~. ~,.~.,
their 'seniority rights to move into different iobs resulting in a
jumping around of various employees in the plant to a number.: ......
of. jobs. If all these employees had to be given instruction in
how to perform, it is quite likely that the operation would be~,..
s~verely impaired~ and it is precisely in this type of situation,
which is generally caused by downturn in ecgn~mic events,, t...hat~.,,
-'the employer .does not wish to bear the expense of traininga
number of employees. That is not to'say that there: are ~nol:: '~
lay-offs which involve very few employees and might not
require such an expense, but bearing in mind the circumstanc~?.,,.¢~r~,~5,~.:. 5..~.:~5~.~'
of a lay-off and economics involved, the language of a
collective agreement should be quite dear in requlring.,,~;~5:~....~:~r;~.-~
instruction in cases of lay-off.
[emphasis added]`. :'~:'~
(See also Re Canadian Trailmobile Ltd. and UA~, Local 397 (1975), 10 I~&.,G..(~d).-,9..~r~:'
The evidence readily establishes that Ms. Thomas was "fully qualifi:.ed.:~t~.,p~. ~¢r~e.~-~ ·
without training" the iob of accounts payable clerk. The guidance and-inslm~tio~ ~.~.
provided 'to Ms. Thomas was in the nature of familiarization; it was not tra.,ini_ng,,.. ,Using",,-: .'::-
th~. language of Re Kelsey Hayes C, anad~: supra, she was given instru¢~tio~_~ ~i.a.~;t..h.e
"details: and ~environment [of the] new job" and not provided with "signi!icanI-;:new
abilities";.. tqo~,, picking up the words of Re Gabriel of Canada Ltd., was she !,taught:
intricacies' of the job". Those she already knew. Ms. Thomas was fully, f. amil~r wi~h
the basic accounting and business principles required to perform the iob. She had long
been involved in accounts payable and required no teaching. .:. ..~, -, ~ .:
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Prior 'co her'' fiYst day on the job, Ms. Thomas had not even seen a job
description for t.he'~[~i~i'.ti6n of accoun'ts$?a)!able:c!.er.k.-' Accord.i~gl)~, Ms. Crozier
explained the t~asks she would be expected to perform. She went through them step-by-
step, not to teaCh ;-h~r':how to dO' the 'w°rk~ b(~%';t6 advise her what work she was
expected to .per~0rfh. :"In addition, she told 'her hoTM and where she could obtain the
necessary source ma~'~rial:s~ She was informed wh~it books and documents were in use,
who the various ~on:t~iEt :people w'~,'' and t°. Whom material should be sent for further
processing.' This FSC.~not;'trammg. She~'~iiCl .not' instruct Ms. Thomas on any' basic
accounting pri. nciPl~--~aShe Showed ;h~"~the"~&echanics of the job and supplied her with
a road map-so .that d~:h~ could more" quic~[y~learn her way around the accounts payable
section of.the 'Financial Services Department.
~ht~..7~6cier 'og~rlapped with Ms. Thomas, she gave Ms. Thomas even less
guidance and instruction than Ms. Crozier had because by that time Ms. Thomas had
become more ta.miliar with the duties of the job. The Board is satisfied that ~ ~ier
imparte~o~ig:h~BE.an~:knowledge to ~. Lucier and provided her wi~h no new skills.
In her ~~S:e'tjo~s/ MS. Thomas had performed almost all of the duties of the
accountS"'gg~a:~Ig~.~l~rk. Anything she hadn't done before, such as the. processing
student ". grafft rt~ues, was only a minor variation in nature fr6m tasks she had'.':
previously doM~e.:. ~earning such aspects ot the job did n'ot require training, rather only
brier de'~6nS~ion: Ms. Thom~ brought to the tasks of the accounts ~ayable ci'~
position:ail' th~*~eSsary skills, knowledge and qualifications. ';:'
For the reasons set out above, the Board readily rinds that the College did not
breach the terms of the collective agreement when it placed Ms. Thomas in the ~iti~
of accounts payable clerk. ~ithin the meaning of article 15.4.1 of the collective
agreement, Ms.,Thomas was i'fuH~qtiaHfied to.P~rform '
wit hou t;?.t r ~m~,n~..,,.,~ :~:pos~.[on. o~.,
accounts ~yable derk.
"':~ Aecord~ly, 'f~:¢grie~an.ce~.:i~:;hereby d.ismi~S~d;.
.... DA,TE.b at T0ronro':.~thiS ~13th day.of, 3une,' ,1989~
'.
..~ ?~m"et~a .c,.. ~ ieh~~:~'~:. .~-
I CONCUR "Robert
EmplOyer NomiBe:e'::.:~.
I..GONCUR' "Jon McManus"
Union Nominee.:'.'