HomeMy WebLinkAbout1989-0405.Greco-Tarantino.89-12-21~. '., '~. : ONTARIO EMPLOYES DE LA COURONNE
' CROWN EMPLOYEES DE L'ONTARIO
: : GRIEVANCE C,OMMISSION DE
SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS
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405/89
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under "
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD .....
Between=
OPSEU (Greco-Tarantino)
Grievor
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Community & Social Services)
Employer
Before: 3
J.W. Samuels Vice-Chairperson
J. McManus Member
D. Clark Member
For the Grievor: H. Law
Grievance Officer
Ontario Public Service
'Employees Union
For the Emmloyer: C. Slater Senior Counsel
Human Resources Secretariat
Management Board of cabinet
HearinG: October 5, 1989
DECISION 2 I
This is another case of the non-renewal of a limited-term contract
between a Ministry and an employee who was improperly appointed to the
unclassified service, as in Beresford, 1428/86, and Milley, 1972/87, and the
many cases like them.
The griever was employed from November i980 to September
1983, and then from November 1983 to November I987, pursuant to a
series of short term contracts. Each contract was for no more than six
months. The longest was for six months and the shortest was for
approximately two weeks. The decision in Beresford was released one
week after she left the Ministry's employment. At her exit interview, she
was advised bY an official of the MiniStry that she could not grieve non-
renewal of her contract. In December 1987, she went to the Employment
Standards Branch, claiming a violation of the Employment Standards Act.
This actionlwould ultimately result in an award of payment in~li~eu of _n.o_tice .....
of termination and an award of severance pay.
In March 1989, an official of the Union contacted her conceming the
possibility of filing a grievance for dismissal, in light of the Beresford
decision. This led to the grievance before us.
l We heard the evidence and argument in this case only one weel~ft-~'
this same Vice-Chairman heard the argument concerning the "question of
remedy" in Beresford and Milley. In the award concerning Beres.ford and
MiIley, the panel concluded:
It is critical at the outset to make it clear
that we must take as our point of departure the
earlier awards. Our decision concerning remedy
is based on the status of the grievers as declared
in the earlier awards.
The earlier awards said simply that the
grievers were' improperly appointed to the
unclassified service. Therefore, they were not
unclassified employees. Mr. Mitchnick very
carefully worded his conclusions, and his point
3
was picked up by the Divisional Court. As the
Court said, the Board "virtually stopped at that
point".
Counsel for the Union now argues that the
grievors must be classified employees, because
there are only two types of public servants
contemplated in the' Public Service Act---classified
and unclassified.
In our view, this cannot be correct. As
counsel for the Ministry argued, just as the
grievors were not properly appointed to the
unclassified service, it is clear that they were not "
properly appointed to the classified service.
Section 6 of the Public Service Act
provides:
.. 6.~(1) When a vacancy exists in the c!~_~sified se~ice, the ,~.,,~rarms o~ ~
~deputy minister of the ministry in which the vacancy exists ~
shall aominate in writing from the Ii.st of elisibles of the Com- ~,:e
mission a person to fill the vacancy.
(2) The Comm~ion shall appoint the per~on nominated ~'
under subsection (1) m a position on the probationary staff of ~,-ot,~_'_~_,_,y - '
· the classified service for not more than one ~ar at a time. ~m
And Articles 4.1 to 4.3 of the collective
agreement provide for posting of vacancies and a
competition among applicants:
4.1 When a vacancy occurs in the Classified Service for
a bargaining unit position or a new classified posi-
tion is created in the bargaining unit, it shafl be
advertised for at least ten (10) working days priOr to
the established closing date when advertised within
a minisfry~ or it shall be advertised for at least fifteen
(1,5) working days prior to the established closing
date when advertised service-wide. All applications
wilt be acknowledged. Where practicable, notice of
vacancies shall be posted on bulletin boards.
4.2 The notice of vacancy shall state, where applicable,
t~e nature and title of position, salad, clualificat/ons
required, the hours-of-work schedule as set out in
'Article 7 [Hours of Work), and the area in which the
position exists.
4.3 In filling a vacancy, the Employer shall give primary
consideration tO qualifications and ability to per-
form the required duties. Where qualifications and
ability are relatively eclual, length of continuous ser-
vice shall be a consideration.
These are the requirements for a proper
appointment to the classified service and these
4
requirements were not met in the grievors' cases.
So, just as they were not properly appointed to the
unclassified service, they were not properly
appointed to the classified service. Appointment
to either service must be done according to the
requirements established by the legislation and the
collective agreement.
Where does t_his leave us? We are dealing
with the grievances of two people who were
employees of the Ministry, but who were not
properly appointed to either of the types of
service contemplated in the legislation. Pursuant
to section 19 of the Crown Employees Collective
Bargaining Act, we must determine the
"interpretation, application, administration" of the
collective agreement with respect to these
employees. And, as~the Ontario Divisional Court
has said in Ontario Public Service Employees
Union and Carol Berry et al v. The Crown in
Right of Ontario (Ministry of Community and
Social Services) (1986), 15 Ontario Appeal Cases
15, we must "decide the matter", and provide a
remedy if there is need for one--speaking of this
Board, the Court said "Its jurisdiction is
unrestricted. Its mandate is remedial" (at page
20),
..... Thus, the next issue for us is whether the ~
grievors suffered any loss, whether their "rights"
were violated, whether there was any breach of
the employer's obligations towards them.
There is no doubt that the grievors signed
limited-term contracts. Beresford came to the
Ministry as a telephone consul operator on a six-
month contract in May 1985, which was renewed
for 1i months, and then her contract was not
renewed. Milley was employed from November
10, 1986 to September 30, 1987, pursuant to four
successive limited-term contracts, and then was
given no further .employment. Therefore, on first
glance, it would appear that there was no violation
of their rights. Both grievors were employed for
the full periods they were promised in their
contracts. They were not promised any further
employment. They were never engaged on a basis
which gave them job security. Thus, why should
· they be entitled to any remedy?
In our view, the answer lies in the structure
of the collective agreement. The collective
agreement covers both classified and unclassified
employees. It did not contemplate employees who
were improperly appointed, and therefore does
not provide for them expressly. In the
agreement, classified employees are provided with
a wide range of rights'; whereas unclassified
employees have only the limited fights provided
in Article 3. ThiS bargain must have been
reached on the understanding that certain
kinds of positions would be filled with
classified employees and other kinds of
positions would.~be filled with unclassified
employees. In other words, the parties provided
only limited fights for unclassified employees
provided that only certain kinds of employees
would be appointed tO the unclassified service.
This understanding would have been based on
Section 6 of Regulation 881 to the Public Service
Act, which was repeated in the earlier award in
Beresfor& with the emphasis shown here:
6.(1) The unclassified service consists
of employees who are employed
~-~der individual contract8 in
which the ts=ms of employment
~et out and is divided
(ai Group I, consisting of employees
who are employed,
(i) on a project of a
non-recurring kind,
(ii) in a professional or other
special
(iii)'on a temporary work
assignment-arranged by the
commission in accordance
wit.h its program for
providing temporary help,
(iv) for fewer than fourteen
hours per week or fewer
than nine full days in four
.consecutive weeks or on an
irregular or on-call basis,
(v) during their regular
school, college or'.
university vacation period
or under a co-operative
educational training
program;
.(b) Group 2, consisting of employees
who are employed on a project of
a recurring kind,
(i) for_~ewer than 'twelve
consecutive months and~for
fewer than,
(A) 36-1/4 hours per week
where the position, if
filled bya civil
servant,.would be
classified as a
position requiring
36-1/4 hours of work
per week,
(B) 40 hours per week where
the position, if filled
.by a civil servant,
would be classified as
a position requiring 40
hours of work per week,
(ii) for fewer than eight
consecutive weeks per year
where the contract of the
employee provides that the
employee is to work either
36-1/4 hours per week or 40
hours per week.;
(c) Group 3 consisting of employees
appointed on a seasonal basis for
a period of at least eight
consecutive weeks but less than
twelve consecutive months to an
'~nnually recurrin'g position where
the contract provides that the
employee is to,work either 36-1/4
hours pe= week or 40 hou=s per
week.
Thus, the parties would have negotiated the
relative fights of unclassified and classified staff
in light of the fact that the unclassified staff would
consist of employees who were working on
_. -limited-term jobs (Group 1), or for less than
regular hours (Group 2), or on a seasonal basis
(Group 3). Employees in the unclassified service
would have fewer fights because they had "lesser"
positions.
During their period of employment, the
grievors were working the same tlours, doing the
same work, as members of the classified staff.
The positions they were filling were not the type
which were contemplated as unclassified when the
.... parties to the collective-agreement struck their. ............
bargain, giving very limited fights to unclassified
staff. Thus, there is some force in the Union's
argument that the grievors should have been
appointed to the classified service, and that, if the
grievors are simply left where they are, we will
...... be determining'their'rights as if they were ............... ;--
members of the unclassified service.
In our view, there must be a middle ground
which is implicit in the collective agreement. We
are quick to acknowledge .that we are moving on '
to thin ice here. But what else can we do when
we are dealing with employees who are neither
fish nor fowl? The grievors were emploYed by
the Ministry. They were covered by the
collective agreement. But they were neither
classified nor unclassified employees, so their
fights are not set out expressly in the agreement.
Therefore, their rights must be inferred from the
provisions of the collective agreement.
The parties provided for limited fights for
unclassified employees because it was
contemplated that unclassified employees would
be in positions which are in fact "lesser" than
those of classified employees.
If an employee is not properly in the
unclassified service, then it can be inferred from
the structure of the collective agreement that this
employee ought to have a greater range of rights
than an unclassified employee.
However, in our view, we do not have the
authority to turn the grievors into classified
employees. "Appointment" is within the exclusive
domain of the employer, pursuant to section 18(1)
6f the Crown Employees Collective Bargaining
Act. And, in any event, it is clear, as we have
said, that the grievors were not properly
appointed as classified employees, and may never
have achieved such an appointment if the positions
they fried had been posted. If the positions had
been posted, the grievors might have applied but
might have_r lost iri the competition for the
posifi6ns.
-. - In our view, given that the grievors should
not have been "appointed"_ to the unclassified
service, they should not have been engaged on
simple limited-term contracts, and therefore they
should be compensated for the abrupt termination
of their employment. A good reference for the
· waY in which they should have .been dealt with is-
found in the Employment Standards Act. Section
40 of the Act provides for notice of termination
or a payment in lieu of notice, and section 40a
provides for severance pay in certain
circumstances where an employee has worked for
an employer for five or more years.
We order that the grievors should be
considered to have been covered by sections 40
and 40a of the Employment, Standards Act, and
they should be paid any amounts to which they are
entitled upon the application of these provisions to
their situations. The mounts so ordered shall be
the whole of their compensation. No interest is
payable on these sums. If the grievors have
already received monies pursuant to this Act, then
no further monies are due to them. If the
grievors did receive monies by way of payments
in lieu of notice of termination or severance pay,
then these monies must be subtracted from any
mounts which are found to be due to the grievors
as a result of our order.
Now, in Ms. Greco's case, she applied to the Employment Standards
Branch for payment in lieu of notice of termination and for severance pay,
and was aWarded.both. Thus, she has already received what we would have
ordered, given the reasoning in Beresford and Milley. Therefore we
award no further remedy for Ms. Greco.
This really concludes our disposition of this case. But we must
mention two preliminary objections raised by the 'Ministry at our hearing,__.
and an argument made by the Union in response to the second objection.
l~irsfly, it was argued that this Board could not award reinstatement
to Ms. Greco because, having taken Payment in lieu of notice and severanfe
pay, she had followed a course of actionL which led to flae termination of
any employment relationship with the Ministry, and this course of action is
inconsistent with an on-going reIationship which could, give rise to a right
of reinstatement. Because we are not contemplating ·reinstatement
anyways, it is unnecessary for us to deal with this objection.
Secondly, it was argued that Ms. Greco was not a "public servant", as
this term is def;med in section l(g) of the Public Service Act, bechuse she
was never properly appointed to either the classified or unclassified
service. Section l(g) reads:
"public ~ervant" mea~ a. per,on appointed under
~ A~ to the ~ o~ ~e Cm~ by the Lieuten-
~t ~vemoi ~ ~. by ~e ~ion or by
a ~er, =d "~b~c ~" ~ a ~nd~g
~nlng;
10
And then it is argued that, if she wasn't a "public servant" under this
Act, she was not a member of the bargaining unit and i~ not covered by the
collective agreement, because Article 1.1 of the collective agreement
provides:
In accordance with The Crown Employees Collec-
tive Bargaining Act, the Ontario Public Service
Emoloyees Union is recognized as the exclusive
collective bargaining agent for all public servants
other than persons who are not emOtoyees within
the meaning of clause f of subsection 1 of Section 1
- of The Crown Ernl~oyees CoJ~ective Bargaining Act.
The term "public servant" under the Crown Employees Collective
Bargaini~g Act has the same meaning as in the Public Service Act (see
section l(1)(m) of 'CECBA), and the Union is the bargaining agent only for
"public servants". If the grievor is not a member of the bargaining unit,
this Board has no jurisdiction over her grievance.--'
In our view, while there is considerable attraction in the logic of this
argument, the result suggested cannot be. The grievor was clearly engaged
to work "under the Public Service Act" Ail of her contracts of hire say
this. These contracts refer to .her as a ,public servant" ..... Everyone .....
considered her to be a "public servant". Pursuant to her last contract of
employment, she .paid Union dues. As a result of the initial Beresford
decision, we now say that she was not properly appointed to the
unclassified service. And nor was she properly appointed to the classified
service. But she was always considered to have been appointed
under the Public Service Act and to have been a public servant.
It would simply not make sense to say now that she was not a public
servant, and thereby rob her of her Union representation and her right to
grieve. Though neither a member of the classified service nor of the
unclassified service, in our view the grievor was "appointed under" the
11
Public Service Act, and was a "public servant". Therefore, we deny this
second preliminary objection.
Finally, we must deal with one of the Union's arguments in reply to
the second preliminary objection.
It was argued that, if the grievor is not properly appointed to the
unclassified service, she must be a classified employee. It was suggested
_.. that our case is similar to the situation in The Corporation of the City of
Windsor and Canadian Union of Public Employees, Local 543 (Grievances
of Haefling, Perpich, SearIes and Woolcock), an unreported decision by
McLaren, dated December 6, 1985. In that case, the issue was whether the
grievors were temporary employees or not. The~ collective agreement
defined the term "temporary employee" in much the same way as section 6
of Regulation 881 of the Public Service Act. The Board decided that the
employees Were not "temporary employees". The i~sue then became --
whether they were "regular employees", entitled to all the rights of such
employees. The Board said (at page 22):
It is argued-by--couse~'on behalf of the Corporation3 ' - '
that this Board nas no jurisdiction to make an employee permanen.t,
or as the Collective Agreement provides in Artiole 4.~3 a regular
elap£oy~e. This Board agrees that the Board has no jurisdiction to
make an employee permanent who is temporary. However, the Board
does nave jurisdiction to .interpret the Collective Agreement and
determine whether the employer in its actions and conduct has
applied the ColLective A~reemeat and satisfied this Board that an
employee is a "temporary employee' and not a "regular employee'.
Tni~ Boare has found that the actions of the employe~ and its
conduct are a violation of the Collective~ Agreement. The only
result of which can se that by its own conduct, and not Dy action
of this Board, it has made these employees into 'regular
elagloye~s' as provided for in A£~icle 4.*o3.
In like fashion, it is argued that the Ministry has made Ms. Greco a
classified employe, e.
But there is a serious problem with this argument. The McLaren
Board were dealing with the interpretation of a collective agreement. As
they said in the middle of the passage just quoted--"the Board does' have
jurisdiction to interpret the Collective Agreement". In effect, the' Board
concluded that, as a matter of. interpretation of the collective
agreement, the employees were "regular employees".
On the other hand, we are dealing with a legislative scheme-for the
appointment of employees. In order to be appointed to the classified
service, an employee must be properly appointed pursuant to section 6 of
the Public Service Act. We cannot override this provision. Ms. Greco was
~n_o_t_ s_o.appointed. Therefore, she is not a classified employee.
· In sum, we conclude that the grievor is entitled to a remedy, but, as a
result of her applications to the Employment Standards Branch, she has
already received all that would be due to her.
Done at London, Ontario, this ~s~., day of December , 1989.
"I dissent" (Dissent attached)
J. McManus, Member
DISSENT
405/89 OPSEU (GRECO) MCSS
I have read the reasons of the majority in this matter and I agree
entirely that the grievor was a "public-servant".
However, I must strongly and emphatically dissent from the
majority's determination of the issue of remedy in this case of
unjust dismissal.
It is fundamental that the grievor's remedy in this matter must
flow from the grievors' rights as determined under the collective
agreement and the legislative scheme'of the public service.
The panels chaired by Mr. Mitchnick in Beresford and Milley
determined that the grievor~ had been improperly appointed to the
unclassified staff of the public service. The issue that had been
submitted to these panels in each case was unjust dismissal. In
each matter the Board engaged in a determination of whether the
grievor was properly appointed to the unclassified staff, as
opposed to the classified civil service, in order to determine
whether the Board has jurisdiction under Section 18(2) ofthe'Crown
Employees Collective Bargaining Act to adjudicate unjust dismissal.
That the 'above was inescapably the ratio in Beresford is
illustrated at p. 16 of that'award:
Accordingly, we must find on the evidence that we do have
that the position to which the grievor was appointed was
...... not one which falls within anyof the_various situations
encompass by the three Groups set out in the Regulations,
and as contemplated by Section 8 of the Public Service
Act, We find, therefore, that the purported appointment
of the grievor to be "unclassified" as opposed to the
"classified" service was improper.
In the matter before this panel, it is clear that the grievor was
improperly appointed to the unclassified staff. She devoted seven
years of her life and career to an employer that was simply
unwilling to exercise its powers of appointment under the Public
Service Act properly. This had very real and substantive
consequences for the grievor's compensation and job security which
is painfully obvious from the nature of this grievance alleging
unjust dismissal.
Following the ratio in Beresford it is clear that the grievor
cannot be categorized as an unclassified employee. Therefore her
rights can only be determined as those belonging to a classified
civil servant. Indeed it is indisputable that her job bears all
the hallmarks of a permenant, classified Civil Servant with the
- 2 -
exception of a proper 'appointment under the Public Service Act.
Accordingly, this panel must follow the reasoning .in Beresford
which, is, that the Ministry may not hide behind its improper
appointment of the grievor to the unclassified staff in order to
oust the jurisdiction of this Board under, Section 18(2) of CECBA,
and secondly, that the grievor's rights must be determined as if
she were a classified civil servant. Having followed Beresford,
this panel would then be in the position to exercise its broad and
"untrammelled" jurisdiction under Section 19(1) of the Act to
effect a proper remedy to this grievance.
Unfortunately, the majority in this matter is not prepared to do
so. It describes the grievor's employment status as "neither fish
nor fowl". But clearly this is not the case. It is the employer
which has unlawfully and 'artificially created this dilemma. As
Vice-Chairperson Samuels indicated in his remedial award in
Beresford, the collective agreement simply does not contemplate an
improperly appointed unclassified employee. In light of this, I
find it simply bewildering to find the majority in this matter
allowing the employer's improper apDointment to remain undisturbed
on the grounds that "there must be a middle ground which is
implicit in the collective agreement". The majority is purporting
to create a third category of public servant and this it cannot do.
I would suggest that the appropriate award in this matter is not
complicated. The Ministry violated the collective agreement. This
panel has accepted that fact. However it refuses to go further and
implement the appropriate remedy. The proper remedy is
reinstatement as a classified civil servant. The Divisional Court
in Berry has clearly empowered the Board under Section 19(1) of the
Act to require the employer to rectify its violation of a Section
18(2) right by exercising its own management powers under Section
18(1) of the Act. Indeed the court so ordered this remedy in a
similar "Fish or .Fowl" case involving improper classifications.
Accordingly, it is wholly appropriate that this panel direct the
Ministry to "appoint" the grievor to the classified civil service
as part of reinstatement with full compensation and continuous
service. Parenthetically, it seems to me that this panel need not
concern itself with Section 18(1) of the Act as the appointment of
the grievor to the classified civil service is technically a
"reappointment" which is enumerated under Section 7 rather than
Section 18(1) of the Crown Employees Collective Bargaining Act.
Unfortunately, the majority has declined to follow this path.
Instead, it has limited the grievor's remedial relief to her
entitlement to severance pay under the Employment Standard~ Act.
Of course, she is entitled to this relief independent of a
grievance or the assistance of the Grievance Settlement Board
- 3 -
As the Divisional Court pronounced in Berry, where there is a right'
there must be a remedy. The majority has failed utterly to
exercise its remedial jurisdiction as contemplated by the
collective agreement, the Act, and the Divisional Court's ruling
in Berry.
/john McManus, Member