HomeMy WebLinkAbout1989-1888.Janssen et al.92-09-14 ONTARIO. EMPLOYES DE LA COURONNE
CROWN EMPLOYEES DE L~ONTAR~O
GRIEVANCE C.OMMISSION DE
SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS
;$0, RUE OUN~A$ OUEST. ~UREAU 2100, TORONTO (ONTARIO].
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401/92 (MCS)
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE'BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEME~T'BOARD
BETWEEN
OPSEU (Jansson et al)
Grievor ..~
- and
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Community & social Sevices)
(Ministry of Correctional Services)
Employer
BEFORE: M. Gorsky Vice-Chairperson
J. Carruthers Member
D. Daugharty Member
FOR THE M.'Bevan
GRIEVOR Grievance officer
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
FOR THE C. Peterson
EMPLOYER Counsel
Winkler, Filion & Wakely
Barristers & Solicitors
HEARING March 23, 1992
DECISION
The Grievor, Alan Jansson, was at all material times employed
as a Probation Officer with the Ministry of Community and Social
Services in Hearst, Ontarior and was at all material times
classified as a Probation Officer II.
The Grievor, Raymond Auger, was at all material times a
Probation Officer employed by the Ministry of Correctional Services
at Walkerton, Ontario, and was at all material times classified as
a Probation Officer II.
The grievance of Mr. Jansson states:
I grieve that I was improperly classified as a Probation
Officer II in the period between November 1983 and July
28, 1987. The Brandt S/one award [sic] has resulted in
an extremely unjust award settlement within this
classification group.
The settlement desired states:
I wish to receive full retroactivity and interest from
the period November 1983 to July 28, 1987 pursuant to the
Brandt Slone [sicl award ....
Mr. Auger's statement of grievance is as follows:
A recent decision of Grievance Settlement Board (Angus et
al.) allowed the classification grievance of 100 grievors
and allowed "all grievors shall enjoy the rate of pay
established by the Saltman award retroactive to November
13, 1983, which is' 20 days 'before the earliest of the
grievances".
The settlement desired in the gr. ievance of Mr. Auger is as
2
follows:
The Grievance Settlement Board ruled that the upgrading
of this classification should have existed, on November
13, 1983. I was a Probation Officer II on November !3,
1983 and would like my salary to reflect the increase
from that date on.
The grievance of Mr. Jansson is dated February 2, 1990 ~and
that of Mr. Auger is dated January 30, 1990.
When this matter first came before this panel of the Board on
June 18, 1991, we we#e informed that there were approximately 308
individual grievances involving grievors employed ~ither by the
Ministry of Co~ununity and Social Services or the Ministry of
Correctional Services. The parties filed with us a statement of
agreed facts representing a chronology leading up to the filing of
the approximately 308 grievances, which is as follows:
CHRONOLOGY
December 1983 - 100 Probation Officer II's with the
Ministry of Correctional Services'
filed grievances claiming they were
improperly classified.
August 1984 -
October 21, 1985 ~ Hearing before the Grievance
Settlement Board (Brandt Panel)
concerning 6 grievances of the 100
grievances filed in December, 1983.
October 1986 - Brandt Award issued. The Panel held
that the 6 grievors were improperly
classified and issued a remedy
requesting the employer to classify
the employees properly.
July 1987 - A new P.O. II Class Standard is
created.
3
July 29, 1987 - Civil Service Commission approves
the revised Class Standard for nhe
probation officer series.
January 1988 - Union agrees to revised Class
Standard.
March 18, 1988 - The employer issued the agreed to
Class Standard for the P.O. series.
All P.O~. II's are reclassified in
accordance with the new revised
Class Standard for P.O. II's.
February 28, 1989 - Saltman Award is' issued. The
Sattman Panel issues an Interest
Arbitration Award concerning the
wage rate of the new Class Standard
for the P.O. series. The Saltman
Panel decides that the increase was
effective July 29, 1987 when the
Civil Service Commission approved
the new Class Standard.
February 28, 1989 - Sattman Award - on p. 14 the Saltman
Panel notes that the Union requested
additional ret.roactivity for those
employees whose grievances were
consolidated under Angus case
(Brandt Award).
June 8, 1989 - Employer issues cheques to employees
classified as P.O. II's back to July
29, 1987 in accordance with the
Saltman Award.
November 29, 1989 - Sloan [sic] Award issued. The Sloan
[sic] Panel decides that all 100
grievors, who filed their grievances
in December, 1983, ought to receive
the rate of pay established by the
Saltman Award retroactive to
November 13, 1983, which is 20 days
before the earliest of the 100
grievances originally filed in
December of 1983.
February 2, 1990 - Mr. Jansson files a grievance which
states:
"I grieve that I was improperly
classified as a Probationary {sic]
Officer II in the period between
November, 1983 and July, 28, 1987."
At the hearing of June 18, 1991, we were faced with a
preliminary issue rela. ting to whether the grievances of Messrs.
Jansson and Auger were to be treated as representative ones, with
the decision rendered with respect to Mr. Jansson to be binding on
ail grievors employed by the Ministry of Community and Social
Services, and the decision with respect to Mr. Auger to be binding
on all grievors employed by ~he Ministry of ,Correctional Services.
It was the position of the Employer that the grievances were to be
heard as representative ones, based on an alleged agreement between
the representatives of the parties. In our decision dated
September 20, 1991, we ruled that while we could not treat the
grievances of Messrs. Jansson and Auger as ~representative ones,
theirs would be the first ones to be heard on a resumption of the
~'hearing and th'at, as ail of the approximately 308 ~rievances were-~
said to relate to the same incidents and claimed the same relief,
the findings, with respect to evidence that was common to the
Jansson and Auger cases and those of other grievors would be
binding in the case of the other grievors. That is, if it was
subsequently determined that the significant evidence in either of
the Jansson or A%{ger cases was the same in the case of any of the
other grievors, then the decision in the Jansson or Auger cases
would be binding on such grievors. The Board, once it had ruled on
matters of evidence, did not intend to re-hear the same evidence,
nor, having ruled on such evidence, did it intend to review its
5
legal conclusions previously arrived at.
When the board re-convened on March 23, 1992, it heard
evidence and argument with respect to the Jansson and Auger cases,
and it now renders its decision which is, subject to the above
statements, limited to the individual gr~levances of Messrs. Jansson
and Auger.
Most of the above chronology Of agreed facts which, somewhat
cryptically, states the important history that affects our
determination is set out in the Slon~e award at pp.2-4:
Between August 29, 1984 and October 21, 1985, a panel of
this Board chaired by Gregory Brandt, with union nominee
Susan Kaufman and management nominee Donald Middteton,
heard some 13 days of evidence. On the 10th day of
October 1986, the Board issued a very lengthy award
consisting of 91 pages written by the Chairperson, a
short dissent written by Mr. Middleton, and a short
partial dissent written by Ms. Kaufman. To summarize
what went on before that panel and what it decided, we
can do no better than quote from its award:
at p.2:
"This award deals with 6 classification
grievances. They are 6 among a group of 100
classification grievances all of which involve
grievors who are currently classified as Probation
Officer 2 {PO2) and who seek classification as
Probation Officer 3 (PO3). Prior to the
commencement of hearings the parties came to an
agreement whereby_the Union would proceed with the
6 grievances the awards in which would form the
basis upon which the parties would attempt to
negotiate a settlement of the remaining grievances.
In the event that settlement could not be achieved
the Board would remain seized of jurisdiction to
hear and disppse of the outstanding grievances."
"The parties also purported to reach some
agreement as to the application of the evidence ted
in respect of these grievances to any further
proceedings that may be necessary before this Board
in relation to the other grievances. Counsel for
the Union informed the Board on the first day of
hearing that the parties were in' agreement that
'all of the evidence for the first 6 grievances
would continue to apply to the next cases but that
the order of the Board would be final only with
respect to the' 6 grievances put :~efore the Board'
Counsel for the Employer did not directly 5ake
issue with that s%atement. He stated that al1 are
individual grievances and that the parties were
looking for individual decisions."
at p.85:
"Thus, we have arrived at the situatioh where
we .find:
1. That the PO2 standard is inappropriate to
describe the actual job duties of ail the
9rievors at the time of the 9rievances~ and
2. that those duties do not bring the grievors
either on a standards o~' a usage approach
within the PO3 classification; and
3. that this is not an appropriate case for
using the 'best fit' approach in such a wa}, as
to bring the grlevors within the PO3
classification.
As the Divisional Court has stated in Berry
and Canning (supra) we are not permitted to dismiss
the grievances and simply 'confirm' the grievors in
their existing classification. A breach of the
Collective Agreement has been established to our
satisfactioq, and the grievors, are entitled to a
remedy. They are entitled either to be placed in
--' some other existing and appropriate classification
or to be re-classified in a newly created
classification.
We were not informed as to any other existing
" classification · that might be appropriate.
Consequently, we have no basis for placing the
grievors in a classification other than the one
claimed. Nor do we read Berry or Cannin~ as
stating that the Board itself could create the
classification into whigh the grievors should be
placed. Indeed, that would appear to fly directly
in the face of Section 18(1) of {the Crown
Employees Collect%ye BarQaining Act~ under which we
derive our jurisdiction.
7
Consequently, what we are left with is an
order directing the Employer to classify the
Grievors properly having regard to their duties.
We so order."
at p,91:
"In summary, all of the grievances are allowed
and it is hereby declared that the Employer
classify the grievors properly."
Further elaborating on the history, the Slone award states, at
pp.4-6:
Following the Brandt award, the Employer undertook a
complete revision of the class standards for the series,
and came up with a new classification that applied not
only to the grievors but also to all Probation Officers
in the Ministry. Because the parties could not agree on
the appropriate level of compensation for the new
classification, the issue was referred to arbitration
before an interest board chaired by Maureen Saltman. In
February 1989, the award was released with dissents from
both the union nominee Larry Robins and the employer
nominee Ian Cowan. To illustrate the situation before
that board we can do no better than to quote from that
awa rd:
at p.2:
"In December 1983, some 100 grievances were
filed by Probation Officers claiming that they were
improperly classified as PO 2's and requesting
reclassification as PO 3's. The grievances came
before a panel of the Grievance Settlement Board
chaired by Vice-Chairman Gregory Brandt. At the
outset of the hearings., it was agreed that the
Union would proceed with six of the grievances;
that the Board would issue an award on the six
grievances; and that the parties would attempt to
negotiate a settlement with respect to the other 94
grievances based on the Board's award. In the
event that a settlement could not be reached, the
Board retained jurisdiction to deal with the
outstanding grievances. On October 19, 1986, the
Board issued its award on the six grievances: see
Angus et al., G.S.B. 203/84. The Board concluded
(1) that the PO 2 class standard did not adequately
reflect the nature of the work performed by the
grievors; and (2) that the work was also not
covered under the PO 3 standard."
at p.4-5
"By way of remedy, the Board directed the
Employer to classify the employees propert, y having
regard to their duties...
"In August 1987, the Employer created a new
class standard for the PO class series. ~he
revised standard was approved by the Civil Service
Commission on July 29, 1987 and agreed to by ~he
Union in or around 3anuary 1988...
"Notwithstanding agreement on the content of
the class standard, the parties could not agree on
a salary range for the revised standard.
Accordingly, they referred their salary dispute for
determination under Article 5.8 of the Collective
Agreement, which reads as follows:
5.8 When a new classification is to be created or
an existing classification is to be revised,
at the request of either party the parties
shall meet within thirty {30) days to
negotiate the salary range for the new or
~evise~ classification, provided theft should
no agreemen~ be reached between the parties,
then the Employer will. set the salary range
for the new or revised classification subject.
to the right of the parties to have the rate
determined by arbitration.
at p.14:
"Taking into ~ccount all the factors set out
herein, an increase of 6% in the salary ranges for
both PO 1 and PO 2 levels is, therefore, awarded.
By agreement of the parties, this increase will be
effective from,July 29, 1987, which is the date of
the submission, ~s well as ,~.~ approval, of the
revised class standard to tKe civil Service
Commission. Although the Union requested
additional r&troactivity for those employees whose
grievances were consolidated under the.Angus case,
in our view this matter is properly- within the
jurisdiction of the Grievance Settlement Board to
which those grievances were referred. However, in
light of the length of time that has passed since
the filing of those grievances, we would urge the
parties to attempt to settle .the issue of
.retroactivity between themselves. Should they be
unable to do so, however, the matter would have to
be determined by the Grievance Settlement Board."
9
Following the advice of Ms. Saltman~ the Union has
brought on for hearing the 100 original 9rievances. When
this panel learned of the h£snory of the matter, we asked
the parties whether it might not be more appropriate for
Mr. Brandt to hear the matter,, either with new nominees
or as a single arbitrator. It was clearly impossible to
empanel the entire previous board owing to the death of
Mr. Midd[eton and Ms. Kaufman's departure from the Board.
The parties both agreed that they had no objection to
this panel hearing the matter, and that we could regard
ourselves in the same position as if we had issued the
Brandt award.
The issue in the cases before us relates to whether the
Grievors are entitled to be paid at the'Probation Officer II level
retroactive to November 13, 1983 as were the grievors in the Slone
award.
In dealing with the ~ssue as to whether or not all 100
grievors before the Slone panel should receive additional
retroactive payment with interest on the amounts owihg, and if so,
to what date, the Board there stated at. pp.10-12:
The argument for retroactivity is simple. The grievors
established that they were wrongfully classified, and had
there been a suitable classification in which to place
them, there would have been n° reason %o depart from the
usual practice of making the reclassification retroactive
to 20 days before the filing of the grievance. Why, it
is argued, should the-grievors be penalized because there
was no appropriate classification? It is ~he Employer's
responsibility to create classifications, and it should
not profit from its failure to create a proper
classification. Where the Board issues an order to
reclassify, this ought not to be a second-class remedy.
That would fly in the face of the Divisional Court's
judgment in Be~. (unreported, March 13, 1986) wherein
the broad remedial jurisdiction of this Board was
remarked upon.
Counsel for the Employer offered no real argument as to
why the grievors should not have their complete remedies.
He alerted us to the fact that this would cost the
10
Employer a lot of money., hut t~at is surely not a valid
consideration. The Employer has had the benefit of the
work that the grievors did while wrongly classified and
thus underpaid. Ali we would be doing is make the
Employer pay a fair wage for the work it received.
The equities overwhelmingly favour the grievors. We do
not find it necessary to recite the mahy authorities th;%t
have established the principles of retroactivmty and
interest. Those cases all support the grievors. None of
them support the Employer ....
Accordingly, we allow all of the lO0 grievances to the
extent that they are before us, and declare
grievors shall enjoy the ra~e of pay established by the
Saltman award retroactive to November 13, 1983, which is
20 days before the earliest of the grievances.
There was at the outset of the bearing before us on March 23,
1992, an objection, continued by counsel for the Employer from the
earlier hearing of June 18, 1991, t'hat the 'grievances were
~narbit~able, allegedly having been ~led out of time, It was
submitted that with the creation of the new PO ti class standard in
July of 1987 re-classifying all PO II's in the province from March~
1'8'/ 1988, retroactive to July 29, 1987, the matter was moot as the
g~ievances before us were not filed until January and February of
1990.
At the time-the grievances were filed, they were governed by
the provisions of the Crown Emplo_q~.~_~_~ Collective Bar~inin~ Act
R.S.O., 1980 cap 108 (as amended) ('the "Act'"). Section 18(2)(a) of
the Act s~ates:
In addition to any other rights of grievance unde~ a
.collective agreement, an employee claiming,
that his' posLtion has been improper'iv
classified; ...
may process such matEeu in accordance with the grievance
procedure provided in the collective ~greement, and
failing final deuermination ~nder such procedure, the
matter may be processed in accordance with the procedure
for final determination applicable under section 19.
In Re Attorney Genera. 1 for Ontario and KQellsg_~qi al. (t980),
30 O.R. (2d) 662 (Div. Ct.), the Court considered whether the
Board's interpretation of its statute was patently unreasonable.
Reference was made to what are now sections 18 and 19 of the 1980
Act, which read as follows:
18.-(1) Every collective agreement shall be deemed to
provide that it is the exclusive functioa of the employer
to manage, which function, withou~ limiting the
generality of the foregoing, includes the right to
determine,
{a) employment, appointment, complement,
organization, assignment, discipline,
dismissal, suspension, work methods and
procedures, kinds and locations of equipme~t
and classificatiou of positions; and
(b) merit system, training and development,-
appraisal and superannuation, the governing
principles of which are subject to review by
the employer with the bargaining agent,
and such matters will not be the subject of collective
bargaining nor come within the jurisdiction of a board,
(2) In addition to any other rights of grievance under
a collective agreement, an employee claiming,
(a) that his position has been improperly
classified;
(b) that he has been appraised contrary to the
governing principles and standards; or
(c) that he has been disciplined or dismissed or
suspended from his employment without just
cause,
may process such matter in accordance with the grievance
procedure provided in the collective agreement, and
12
failing final determination under such procedure, the
matter may be processed in accordance wzuh the procedure
for final determination a~plicable under section 19.
R.S.O. 1980, c. 108,
19.-(1) Every collective agreement shall be deemed to
provide that in the event the parties are unable to
effect a settlement of any differences between them
arising from the interpretation, application,
administration or alleged contravention of the agreement,
including any question as to whether a matter is
arbitrable, such matter may be referred for arbitration
to the Grievance Settlement Board and the Board after
giving full opportunity to the parties to present their
evidence and to make their submissions, shall decide the
matte~r and its decision is final and binding upon the
parties and the employees covered by the agreement.
(2) The Grievance Settlement Board has the same
powers as a board of arbitration under subsections 11
(11) and (12).
(3) Where the Grievance SetSlement Board
determines that a disciplinary penalty or dismissal of an
employee is excessive, it may substitute such onher
penalty for the discipline or dismissal as it considers
just and reasonable in all the circumstances.
(6) Where a party oz' an employee has failed to
comply with any of the terms of'the decision of the
Grievance Settlement Board, any party or employee
affected by the decision may, after the expiration of
fourteen days from the date of the release of the
decision or the date provided in the deci'sion for
compliance, whichever is later, file in the office of the
Registrar of the Supreme Court a copy of the decision,
exclusive of the reasons therefor, whereupon the decision
shall be entered in the same way as a judgment or orde~
of that court and is enforceable as such. R~.S.O. 1980,
c.108, s.19(6).
In the Keeling case, the Court considered (at p.665): "... The
argument [allowed by the Board]... that [sections 18 and 19] of the
Statute guaranteed a ~right to grieve with respect to a dismissal
that could not be ~derogated from by anything in a collective
13
agreement. The result would be that a failure to observe the time-
limits in the agreement would not prevent the grievance from being
launched before the Board or inhibit the Board in making a final
determination of it."
The Court, at p.667, came to the conclusion that it could not
"say that the Board's interpretation was patently unreasonable,"
and it dismissed the application.
The arguments in the KeelinG case'are equall~y compelling in
the case before us which deal with the same sections, although with
the specific subject of classification .grievances.
Does it make any difference that the Grievors, in the cases
before us, filed their grievances following their reclassification
by their respective employers, claiming~that they should have b~eh
reclassified at an earlier date, and requesting retroactivity from
that earlier date? The position of counsel for the Employers was
that there was, in the circumstances, nothing left to grieve after
the reclassification in 1987.
In Re Ontario Public Service ~m~loyeeg U[lion and the Crown ih
Right of Ontario et al. (1983), 44 O.R. (2d) 51 (Div. Ct.), the
grievor complained that "for some period of time'he was improperly
classified." The background, as set out at p.2 of the award of the
Grievance Settlement Board, is set out at p.52 of the O__PSEU case:
Problems with the classification of approximately 75
employees became apparent as early as 1974 in the
Ministry. By October, 1980, at least 12 grievances had
been filed. About that time all of these were settled
and pay was made retroactive to differing dates. Ali
employees concerned, i..e., 75 or so, were reclassified as
of October 1, 1980. After some of these received the
notice of reclassificstion and found out the date of the
retroactive salary .increase (July 1-, 1980), some eight
nine including the gri. evor filed further grievances.
The grievance as filed (see p.2 of the OPSEU case) : "... was
to the effect that the grievor had been classified improperly as a
Rehabilitation Officer II since July 1, 1978," and the settlement
required was "reclassification to [the] Social Worker II posit, ion
effective July 1, 1978 and payment of retroactive monies ~o that
time." The Board,~ at p.3, stated: "Thus the problem of
c'lassification was known to the ministry from .the time the grievor
was hired and the classification was finally resolved in October,
1980.
The Board concluded that under the Act and article five of the
relevant collective agreement, it had no jurisdiction with respect
to matters o~ retroactivity and refused to hear the grievance on
the merits.
At pp.52-3~of the OPSEU case, the Court noted that:
The board acknowledges that it has made retroactive
awards in the past in some cases, but distinguishes them
by reference to th& fact that in the present case, the
classification was changed before the grievance was filed
and the issue was, therefore moot,
15
The Court did not agree arid stated that: "The un~latera]
settlement does not bring the issue ~o a close and the issue as to
the date on which the classification should have occurred is very
much outstanding." The Court went on to say, at p.53:
In our view, the issue of the "time when" can be just as
much a classification grievance as a simple claim for
reclassification. To the extent that the board felt that
the point was moot, we are of the opinion that ~hev ~{ere
wrong. We have no doubt that s.18(2) of the Statute
applies notwithstanding the e×iste'dce of the collective
agreement. The statutory section is not limited in its
application to probationers or others who do not have the
full protection of the agreement.
In accordance with the reasons of Osler J. in the OPSEU case,
we find that we have a jurisdiction to deal with the "time when"
issue which has been~held to be a classification grievance.
Counsel for the Employer also took the position that if we
concluded that this was a classification grievance, we should
decline to hear it on the merits because such a hearing would
require us to hear evidence with respect to such matters as the
duties and responsibilities of the Grievors during the period 1983
to July, 1987. We were asked to find a presumption that, in these
circumstances, the Employers would be prejudiced in presenting
their cases because of the difficulty In obtaining witnesses who
could with reasonable accuracy recall events occurring so long ago,
as well as in locating other evidence necessary to present their
cases ·
The position taken on behalf of the Grievors was based on an
16
assumption that there was nothing to differentiate the facts is the
Grievors' cases from those applicable to the hundred grievors dealt
with in the Slone case. The position taken on behalf of the
Grievors was that stated in many cases, such as Re C.G.E. (1950),
2 L.~C. 5B7 (Laskin), that equal work will attract equal pay.
Reference was made to Re Falconbridge Nickel Mines {1969), 20
L.A.C. 45 (Weiler), at p.50, where it is stated that:
One of the main purposes of a wage ~classification system,
particularly if supplemented by a specific temporary
assignmentprovision as here, is to create uniformity and
equality in payments of the same kind of work. It
simply unfair for tW6" employees who are doing the same
kind of work, perhaps even working together, to be paid
substantially different rates where no differences in
skill are exhibited.
Reference was also made to Re Ontario Hyd~'o and Canadian Union
of Public'Employees Local !000 (1983), 11 L.A..C. (3d) 404 (Shime),
at p.410:
Generally, in circumstances such as this, additio~a~i
compensation, if any, for the work performed should be
determined in accordance with any job classification
system under the collective agreement. In the eveat
job classification system exists or is inadequate to the
task, the concepts of a ~uantum merui~ claim should be
utilized and adapted to the collective bargaining system
in order to determine the amount of compensation to be
paid.
While the statements relied on are generally accepted, we are
dealing here with cases involving a claim for retroactivity and we
must determine the issue in the light of jurisprudence relating to
that subject.
The Union relied on .OPSEU (Hillman), 2007/89 (KaPlan). In
17
that case, a grievance was filed on February 9, 1990 by a Senior
Construction Technician with the Ministry of Transportat:.>n who
grieved that he was improperly classified and sought
reclassification, "to a more appropriate ctassificationr
retroactive to the date of first filing of grievances on this
matter of improper classification." There, at p.2 : "... the only
matter in dispute was the extent of the retroactivity of griever's
reclassification, the employer having agreed that [the griever] was
in fact improperly classified."
In the Hitlman case, the griever had worked as a Senior
Construction Technician since 1980. in the Ministry of
Transportation's Northern Region. In January of .[990 he learned
from another employee that a decision of the Board, referred to as
the Truchon decision (93/88), had been issued. In Truchog, some 35
Senior Construction Technicians in the Ministry's Northern Region
sought reclassification. The Board found the Truc_ ~hoo grievers to
be improperly classified and granted a Derry order requiring the
employer to ~roperl~ classify them. There is some similar[ty
between the facts of the Truchon case and o~ the cases before us.
The Grievers, in the case before us, when they found out about ghe
Slone award in the Angu~ case, and its ruling with respect to
retroactivity, filed their grievances.
In the case before us counsel for the Union made the same
· ' submission as was made'in the Hillman case at p.4-5:
In his first submission, union counsel took the position
that the twenty-day rule should not apply.~', to
classification cases in 5hat this twenty-day rule owes
its genesis to the time limit provision.in the collecuive
agreement. Simply put, this rule holds that since an
employee has twenty days in which to file a grievance,
retroactivity should be limited to those twenty days. In
contrast to this situation, the right to .grieve
classifications was a statutory one, and so counsel
argued that the twenty-day rule was inapplicable,
Counsel noted '~.hat the~-e was no time limitation on the
filing of certain grieva0ces including classification
grievances (Re Attorney-Ge~%eral for Ontario and KeelinG
e~ (1980) 30 O.R. {2d) 662), and he argued that there
should likewise be no time limitation .on the
retroacti.vity of classification grievances. Counsel
observed that the Board had the jurisdictional ~-ight to
award retroactivity (Re OPSEU and t~D_~r__own in righ~ of
Ontari~ (1983) 44 O.R. {2d) 51), and he invited the Board
not just to awardl, the grieuor in this case the desired
retroactivity but to declare that the twenty-day rule
does not apply to retroactivity in classification cases.
Counsel submitted that the only limitation on
retroactivity in classification ca. ses should be delay,
waiver or prejudice. In Woods 224'/79 (Swinton), the
Board adopted the ruling in Keeling and said:
This does not mean that an individual has
unlimited right to seek arbitration of a dismissal
or disciplinary action at any time, even years
after the event. He may be me% by evidence showing
that he had accepted management's action and
therefore, there has been a final determination
under the grievance procedure "acceptable to the
employee" .... The onus is on the employer to show
that there has been such an acceptance of the
decision by the employee
Alternatively, a grievor who proceeds under s.
(187(2)(c)] of the Act may still be met with an
argument that the arbitrator should declare the
matter inarbitrable because of undue delay. This
is not an argument going to the jurisdiction of the
arbitrator, as were the earlier arguments. Rather
this is a decision on the merits of the case,
taking into account evidence of prejudlce to the
employer's case caused by delay (at 4-5).
Since there was no statutory requirement for the
application in classification cases of the twenty-day
19
rule, and since there was no waiver, prejudice or delay
in this case, the 9rievor having ahted immediately upon
learning of the Truchon decision, the employer having
been aware that the classification of Senior Construction
Technicians was in dispute, and the ability of the
employer to present its case not being hampered in any
way, union counsel submitted that the grievor should
receive the same retroactivity as did the grievors in
Tluchon.
The Board's decision in Hillman' did not deal with this
submission. In Hillman, in reviewing the arguments made, the Board
noted, at p.3, that: "Counsel for the union began its submission by
acknowledging that the usual procedure in classification cases is
to limit retroactivity to twenty days prior to the filing of the
grievance. In counsel's view, however,! this was a case in which
the usual practice should not be followed."
In addition to the first submission that the twenty-day rule
should not apply to classification cases, counsel for the union in
Hiilman argued, at pp.6-9, that even if the twenty-day rule was
found to be applicable:
... there was jurisprudence supporting a departure from
this rule where the facts and circumstances required it.
In general, those classification cases that have departed
from the twenty-da'y rule require 9rievors to have
communicated dissatisfaction with their classifications
to their employer prior to the filing of a grievance.
Some cases have required a representation from the
employer that it agreed with the pre-grievance complaint,
or that the pre-grievance complaint would be addressed.
Many of these cases departed from the twenty-day rule in
order not to discourage parties from, or penalize them
for, attempting to resolve their disputes before
resorting to formal grievance procedure.
In Sabo 777/86 (Dissanayake), a case which reviews a
number of the authorities on point, the Board considered
the jurisprudence relating to departure from the twenty-.
2(]
day rule in classification cases. That case is different
from the instant one, in that in Sab~o the grievor had
discussions with the employer about,her dissatisfaction
with her classification, while in the instant case there
were no such discussions between the 9rievor and the
empioyer. The Board in ~_b_Q held that in order to depart
from the twenty-day rule:
There must be evidence that the 'Employer was made
aware expressly or tacitly, that the employee is
contemplating the filing of a grievance if the
outcome of ~nforma] procedures is not satisfactory
(.at 27).
Counsel argued that the employer in the instant case was
effectively put on notice by the filing of the Truchon
gr-ievances that Senior Construction Technicians in the
northern region considered themselves to be improperly
classified. While the grievor in this case did not
personally bring his complaint to the attention of
management, the Complaint itself was formally brought, to
the employer's attention by ~he filing of the various
Trucho~ grievances. This was not., therefore, a case
where the employer could say that' ~t was caught unaware
of the complaint, and that to extend retroactivit~ to the
grievor would be to create an unfairness to the employer.
In union counsel's view, it should not be necessary for
every grievor in a particular classification to file
grievances in order to resolve an improper:~
classification. The classification of Senio~
Construction Technician's was held by this Board to be an
improper One, and that ruling should apply, counsel
submitted, to e~ery grievor in the classification. The
employer has acknowledged this principle in part by
undertaking to reclassify the grievor in the same way as
the Truchon grievors. Arguably, it should also take the
next step and compensate the grievor in the same way.
In support of this proposition counsel drew the Board's
attention to the Baldwin & Lyng 0539/84 (Mitchnik)~
decision. This case also concerned retroactivity. In
Baldwin the grievor was ready to grieve on a particular
date but did not do so after being advised that a
classification review was underway. When the B__aldwin
grievor learned that this review would not address his
particular complaint he filed a grievance. The Board in
Baldwin determined that retroactivity should date from
the time the grievor first determined to file a
grievance. In support of this finding 'the Board said:
Where"management has been made fully aware of the
21
complaint, and is actively ia ~he 9uocess off
reviewing it, the parties would be little served by
the Board adopting a position which would force the
employees concerned to "fformalize", and potent±ally
polarize, the situation' by grzeving before
management has had the opportunity to render its
decision (at 16-17).
Union counsel also drew the Board's attention to Ma.
Soiberg's addendum in the Baldwin decision:
It has been my experience that any claim for
retroactivity invariably involves a recitation of
Article 27,2.1 which speaks to the time frame
within which ar, employee may file a grievance.
This is the clause upon which Boards have
traditionally relied to limit the term of any
retroactive payment. The Board has used this
benchmark in the belief that to do otherwise would
be to penalize an employer, improperly for' breach of
an agreement of which it was unaware. And, in
general, thaz's probably a fair enough balancing of
the interests at stake.
But, with respect, that kind of reasoning fails in
the case of a classification grievance. Let's not
forget what a classification grievance is all
about. Quite simply, it arises when a group of
.employees asserts that the content of their work
has been incorrectly evaluated and that the value
of their work has been incorrectly compensated. In
a case of this sort, there wilt never be any
penalty to the employer; quite the contrary, the
prejudice had been borne entirely be the employees,
All that's happened to the employer is that for a
specified period of time, it has had the benefit of
employees at a cut-rate cost.
In my view, that's why classification grievances
have to be viewed differently by the Board. The
moment a group of employees come forward with a
claim that they have been improperly classified
(whether formally frame~ or otherwise), is the
moment at which an employer has been put on notice.
And should the grievance succeed, then the
balancing of interests surely makes a compelling
argument for retroactivity back to the initial
complaint.
Union counsel argued that this:decision, and the cases on
which it relies, as well as Ms. Solberg's addendum, was
applicable to the present case. The matter in dispute
'22'
was brought to attention of the employer by the filing of
the Truchon grievances. Counsel argued that at the very
least, this was comparable to the grievor bringing up his
complaint in a discussion with his supervisor. The
employer had formal notice of the complaint, and this
Board adjudicated on it Not to award the grievor The
same re~roactivity as in T~.uchon would be To crea~e a
situation where the grievor in this case will be paid
differently than the grievors in Truchon, when ail of
these Senior Construction ~chnicians were performing
exactly the same work, side by side at exactly the same
time. This, counsel submitted, would be grossly unfair.
In allowing the grievance in ~i]"~ma__n, the Board stated, at
pp.11-12:
In our view this grievance must succeed. In Smith 237/8t
(Roberts), the Board said: "The usual rule is that,
barring the existence of circumstances that would make it
inequitable for the Ministry to rely upon it,
retroactivity will be limited to the period of time
within which it was permissible 'for the grievor to file
his grievance" (at 6). We are of the view that there are
circumstances in this case which would make 'it
inequitable to limit retroactivity. ~o twenty days ....
We reach this result based on our fi'nding that this is -
one case where it would be equitable to extend the period
of retroactivity beyond the twenty-day period generally
awarded in classification cases. "~ ~'~
At p.12, the Board stated:
We find support for this result based in the line of
cases which have held that where the employer has been
put on notice of the complaint prior 'to an actual
.... grievance being filed, the period of retroactivity may be
extended where ci'rcumstances warrant. In this case, the
employer was put on notice by the filing of the Truchon
grievances.
Counsel for the Union in the case be£ot'e' u~ argu(~d tlc,it '[lie
Employers were put on notice by. the filing of the hundred
grievances in the Angus et al. case.
23
The Board in the Hi]lman case concluded at pp.12-15:
Moreover, in this case, all ~>f the employees eventuai].y
subject to reclassificatioq work for the same Ministry.
In addition, the Truchon grievors, and the grievor in the
instant case, work in the same District. It can hardly be
said that the Ministry was taken unaware by the instant
grievance. It knew that the classifications of Senior
Construction Technicians in the northern region had been
brought into issue, and it ]<new that should those
classifications be found wanting that every Senior
Construction Technician would have to be reclassified.
It would defy logic, commonsense and fairness to deny the
grievance in this case for to do so would mean tha~ some
Senior Construction Technicians would receive
reclassification, and presumably better compensation, for
their work, while their fellow employees, performing
exactly the same duties a~ exactly the same time would
not receive reclassification and compensation for the
period in question.
In the OPSEU case, clted above, the Divisional Cour~ held
that "the issue of 5he 'time when' can be jusE as much a
classification grievance as a simple claim for
reclassification" (at 53) . That is the issue in this
case. The grievor had both a collective agreement and a
statutory right to bring this grieva'nce to the Board. In
adjudicating this grievance, we have the jurisdiction to
determine, as the Divisional Cour~ put it, the "time
when." In our view, this is an appropriate case to
extend the period of retroactivity.
We are also of the view that the Agnew case relied upon
by the employer can be distinguished from the i[~stant
case. The basis for the distinction is %hat the Board in
Agnew ruled that the grievance was out of time. The
grievance was denied on that basis. In the instant case,
unlike the situation in A_~, there is no question of
timeliness. The grievor has a statutory right,
unhindered by time limits, tO file his grievance. As
Professor Swinton noted in the Woods case, failure to
expeditiously fiie a grievance where a st'atutory right
exists may go to the merits of that grievance taking in~o
account prejudice to the employer caused by delay. There
was neither delay nor ~z~ejudice in the instant case.
Indeed, if this grievance were to be dismissed it is the
grievor who would be seriously prejudiced in that result
as the employer would then receive, as Ms. Solberg noted
in her addendum in .Baldwin, "the benefit of employees at
a cut-rate cost." It is also worth pointing out that in
fashioning this remedy the grievo~' is not receiving
retroactivity to the date of hire in a particular
classification later determined to be incorrect. To our
knowledge, no panel of [his Boa~'d has made such an award,
and neither do we. All we are doin~ in ~his award is
e×tending the range of cases where the Boa~'d has ruled
that the circumstances would make it £nequitable for the
employer to rely on the twenty-day rule.
As the Board observed ir, OPSE'U and Ministr_v of the
Attorney-General 71/76, "boards of arbitration have
consistently limited an employee's right to claim damages
for the breach of an agreement I'o the period of t.ime
within which it was permissibte..to file this grievance."
We do not take issue'with this. We recognize, however,
as did the Board in Baldwin, that the twenty-day period
is not a "hard and fast rule" {at 8}. Uery simply~ ~he
twenty-day rule is not, in our view, a rule which applies
in this case.
Exceptions have been recognized to this twenUy-day rule.
The instant case is another such exception. The grievor
will not receive "fnfinite retroactivity" by this award.
All that he will t-ecetve is the retroactivitv awarded in
the Truchon case. The employer will [n no way be
prejudiced.by this result.
There are some significant differences between the cases
before us and the Hillman case. Only Mr. Auger works for the same
Ministry as the Grievors in the ARGus case. In the Hillman case?
the grievor worked in the same district as ~he Truchon g~'ievors. In
fact he was said to have worked beside them aL all amatertal times.
In the cases before us we cannot tell whether Mr. Auger worked in
- the same district as any of the hundred grievors in the Angus case
or worked beside them. Mr. Jansson, in any event, being in another
ministry would not be in the same district as any other of the
Angus grievors. It may be that the Employers knew that should the
classifications in the Angn__s case be found wanting that every PO II
would have to be reclassified. We are not in a position to make
sueh an assumption, and there was no evidence that enabled us to
25,
reach that conclusion.
In Hillman the inequity that was addressed by the Board was
based on a conclusion that a denial of the 9rievance would result
i~ "some Senior Construction Technicians' reclassification, and
presumably [receiving] better compensation, for their work, while
their fellow employees performing exactly the same duties at
exactly the same time would not receive reclassification in
compensation for the period in question." Counsel for the
Employers in the cases before us rejected, in the strongest terms,
any suggestion that the G~ievors, during the relevant period for
which retroactivity was claimed, performed exactly the same duties
at exactly ~he same time as the grievors in the An_g_q_g~ case. There
was' no evidence adduced that would enable us to reach this
conclusion and the evidence referred ~o in the An_D_g_u~ case awards
does not enable us to draw this conclusion. ~
It may be, as the Union suggests, that the Employer is seeking
to obtain "the benefit of employees at a cut-rate cost," (See the
quotation from the addendum of Ms. Soiberg tn ~[dwin, referred to
in RillmaD at p.14.] If we were to hold that this was the case, we
would be basing our conclusions solely on the fact that all of the
grievors in An_c~us and the Grievors in the case before us were PO
Ii's during the relevant-period. In the An___gus case there was
evidence that the grievors had been wrongly classified at the date
· of the filing of their grievances. ~here: "The employer has had
26
the benefit of the work that the grievors did while wrongly
classified and thus underpaid. All we would be do'lng is make the
employer pay a fair wage for the ~ork it received." (Slon~ award
at p.ll.) In the case before us, the Employers did not acknowledge
-- that this was the case, nor was any evidence adduced to establish
that this was the case.
When the Q~ case, above referred to, was referred back to
the Board for determination on the merits (OPSEU (Stephen C. Smith)
and Ministry of Cqn~UD~ty and Soc].a] Services, 257/81 (Roberts),
the Board, at pp. 5-7, referred to the argument of the union with
respect to the limitation of retroactivity.to twenty days before
the date of filing of a grievance, which was al~o made in the case
before us:
· At the hearing, the Union submitted that in
classification cases, the usual arbitral rule regardin'g
retroactive payment for continuing b~eaDhes, which in the
case of this Collective Agreement would limit
retroact~vity to 20 days before the date of filing of the
grievance, does not apply. Several cases were cited in
support of this proposition; however, upon review, they
did not seem to be capable of supporting any such wide
rule. In fact, they seemed to be confined to their own
peculiar circumstances. For example, in Re Schmidt &
Ministry Df Environment, G.S.B. 5/76 (Beatty), the
grievor was prevented from grieving until the relevant ,
class series was introduced and made retroactive by the
Ministry. In Re Parise and Ministry of the At%orney-
General, ..G.S,B. 238/83 {Roberts), the Board merely
corrected an error that the Ministry had made in
..selecting an appropriate retroactive date for a new
classification. Neither of these cases involved the
Board in rejecting on some general basis the usual rule
regarding retroactive'payment for continuing breaches of
a collective agreement.
The usual rule is that, barring' the existence of
circumstance--wh~ch..-would make it i'nequitable for the
27
M:nistry to ~'elv upon ~.t. 1.'etroactivity will be limited
to the period o[ time within which it was permissible for
~:h¢. grievor to file his g~'ievance. In the case of thJ_~
Collective Agreement, that period is 20 days prior to the
day upon which the grievance actually was filed. See
OPSEU and the Mlnls~_ry ~f the Attorney-General,
71/76, in which the Board stated:
"while it is, in our vfew, clear that the employer
fai]e~ to comply wLth the provisions of Article
10.3 throughout ._h~ ~eriod from January 28, 1976
until July t2, 1976, we do not believe that these
employees who ~nitiated their complaint only on May
25, 1976, may properly claim relief throughout that
period. To the contrary, and to hold otherwise,
would be to improperly penalize the employer for
the breach of an agreement of which it was not
aware. Thus, where as here, the breach of the
agreement is in the nature of a continuing one,
boards of arbitrati, on have consistently limited an
employee's r~ght to claim damages for the breach of
the agreement to the period of time within which it
was permissible to file his grievance. Re: Union
Gas Co. of Canada [,t~ (1972), 2 L.A.C. (2d) 45
(Weatheritl). Re: Automatic Screw Machine Prod~]cts
Ltd. (].972), 23 L.A.C. 396'(Johnson). ~D: Nation, j_
Auto Radiativ~ Manufacturing Co. (1967), 18 L.A.C.
326 (Pa.lmer)"
There was nothing in the present case to indicate that
classification cases were possessed of such peculiar
characteristics as to render inapplicable this general
rule.
In spite of this, it was suggested in the submissions of
the Union that for whatever reason, the Board refused to
apply the rule in R~ Hooper and Ministry of Government
Services, G.S.B. 47/77 (Swan)~ and opted i'nstead for
retroactivity to the date upon which the grievor made
known to management his "complaint" regardless of whether
it was in the form or a grievance. Upon review, however,
it does not appear that the'case in question is at ali
inconsistent with what already has.been said. In that
case, the circumstances were such as to make it
inequitable for the Ministry to rely upon the rule.
There, the Ministry took unilateral action in response to
the grievor's complaint which might have resulted in the
reclassification that he sought. It was only when the
Ministry made known that it would refuse his request that
the grievor realized he woul'd have to use the grievance
procedure. Because of this, the responsibility for the
delay was that of the Ministry and, as such, could not
28'
equitably be laid to the grievor.
In the Smit_hh ease, the ~rievor was reclassifie~ to [he level
of Rehabilitation Officer II on July t, 1978. He wa~..performing
the same work as persons classified in the SocLai Worker .rr
classification but was paid tess, apparently on the basis that
there was a requirement for a higher educational leHDl for persons
i6 the Social Worker I1 classification. Prior to July 1, 1978, two
Rehabilitation Officer II's who were employed in' a different
facility in another city initiated grievances raising the same
complaint. It appears that the union made some effort to advise
the 75 Rehabilitation Officer II's who .were employed by the
m}nistry at that time that they ought to file similar grievances in
order to protect their rights. There was no evidence t'o indicate
that the grievor became aware of the efforts of the union.
Ultimately a total of 12 Rehabilitation Officer II's filed sim~i?r
grievances.
The 12 grievances never went to arbitration and were settled
in the first part of October 1980, with the 12 grievors being
shifted into the.'classification of Social Worker II effective
twenty d~ys prior to the date upon which each individual grievance
was filed. There was also agreement that the remaining
Rehabilitation Officer II's would be shifted into the
classification of Social Worker II, but, in their case,
retroactivity was limited to a three month period, the effective
date being July 1, 1980. The grievor regarded the retroactivitv
29
granted to him as being unfair and concluded, on the basis
certain s~atements made to him by his supervisor, ~ha~ whatever
ruling 'came down it would be provided across the system, and
these statements applied to retroactivi~y as well. ff this were
done the grievor would receive retroactivity to at least J~]ly 1,
i978, the date upon which he became a 'Rehabilitation Officer I!,
and by which date his supervisor had notice of his dissatisfaction
with the disparity in wage rates for ~he same work. On November
21, 1980 he filed his grievance.
There is some similarity between the facts in the cases before
us and those in the Smith case. In examining the facts to see
whether an equity existed against the Ministry, the Board
concluded, at p.8, that:
... lilt does not appear that the representations which
were made to the grievor by [his supervisor] were of such
a character as to raise any equity against the Ministry.
These remarks were not clear and unequivocal; they seem
to have been of a broad, general ~ature. Acco~-ding to
the grievor's own t. emtimony, the s~ecific question of
retroactivity never was addressed. For alt that the
evidence tends to indicate, the remarks might solely have
amounted to a representation that if a shift to the
classification o~ Social Worker II were to occur as a
result of the grievances, that shift would be applied
across the board. This is, in fact, what happened.
Moreover, it seems evident from [the supervisor's[
testimony that her remarks were made in the context of
casual conversation and were not intended to induce the
grievor to act in reliance upon them.
In the case of Boner et al. 1563/85, 1571/85 (Kates), the
parties also agreed that prima fac~e the twenty-day rule would
normally apply ~n calcdlating compensation payable to the grievors
arising out of their successful claim for reclassification. In
that case the union wished to depart from the rule and have
retroactivity allowed to the effective date upon which certain
other grievances presented by employees in the same classification
'in another region of the province were settled. 'It was argued the%
the ministry had been made aware of the discrepancy or shortcoming
.in the status of the classificaSion for pay purposes in the other
region and that it: "should have taken like and appropriate
measures to correct the same discrepancy with respect to [employees
in the same.classification] at its other regions. Accordingly, it
was submitted that the Ministry had unnecessarily delayed, to the
grievors' prejudice, the inevitable correction in their
classification for pay purposes to the '-[classification they
sought]." (At p.tl)
The Board found no equity in the 9rievors that would permit it
to award compensation' retroactively to the' date sought by the "
grievors. '
In Robbs et al. and Allen et al. 462/86 (Kennedy), the Board
dealt with a number of grievors who claimed reclassification and
asserted retroactivity entitlement 'to various dates on the basis
that they were entitled to payment under exceptions to the twenty-
day rule. The Board stated at pp.14-16:
... However, on the fundamental issue,.even if w~ were to
accept the Union evidence in its entirety, we cannot find
on that evidence that it would be reasonable for the
Grievors to conclude that they had received any
31
representation or warranty that there would be a
reclassification or tha~ it would be retroactive. In
BoyLe the Board stated at p. 16 the following:
Thus, we do not believe it appropriate to apply the
20-day rule where informal efforts have been made
to achieve a settlement of a dispute short of
recourse to arbitration. Those efforts should be
encouraged and, in the event that they are not
successful in achieving settlement and it becomes
necessary to grieve, such relief as might be
awarded by the Grievance Settlement Board should be
retroactive to the point where steps were first
taken to settle the grievance informally.
The discussions relied upon by the Union in this case
were in substance in the course of normal office
conversation and were in no sense in the context of the
settlement of any sort of dispute. No grievance of any
sort was in contemplation at the time of such
discussions.
We would agree with the characterization of our
jurisdiction by counsel for the Employer as being one of
interpreting and applying the collective agreement and
that the only way we can elect not to enforce the bargain
reached by the parties would be in circumstances
amounting to estoppel as against the Em~,toyer. The
collective agreement, as frequently interpreted by this
Board~ imposes mandatory time limits, and for the Union
to succeed in achieving an earlier date of retroactivity
this Board must be persuaded not to apply the time limits
provided in the collective agreement. To do that, we
must find that for some reason the Employer is estopped
from relying on its strict rights as set out in the
collective agreement. We do not accept the Union
argument that some lesser standard is sufficient to
- warrant retroactivit¥ to an earlier da%e, and on thi~
point would make reference to.the prior decision of this
Board in Smith 237/82 (Roberts) at p.7.
The relevant authorities have been reviewed by this Board
in .Lowman 13/82, (Saltman) wherein, after granting
retroactivity beyond the normal 20-day period, the Board
commented as follows:
This is not to suggest that an employee who
complains to a supervisor and even receives a
sympathetic response can iignore the time limits for
filing a grievance under'!Khe collective agreement.
The case at hand is. an unusual one in which
management became actively involved in the
Grievor's claim and, by their efforts, kept the.
claim alive over a long period of time. It is only
in these unique circumstances that the Board has
recognized an exception to the usual arbitral rule
limiting the period of retroactive payment of
compensation to the time for filing a grievance
under the collective agreement.
It is clear from the evidence before us that Management
were in no sense actively involved in the Grievors'
claim, whatever were the perceptions of the Grievors. It
is also clear that whatever were the representations
purportedly relied upon by the Grievors, the last of
these took place in the summer of 1984, and no effort was
made by any 'Grievor subsequent to 'that time to make"
further enquiries of Management or to determine the
progress of the matter. If principles of equity are to
become determinative, then it would appear that the
doctrine of Laches would be an appropriate answer to the
Grievors' claims to retroactivity. This is really a case
wherein there has been no active pursuit by either side
but rather a simple acquiescence in the status quo.
In the result, therefore, we would conclude that there is
no basis to depart from the usual position of this Board
with respect to the appropriate period of retroactivity.
The 20-day rule should be appl~ied, and there is,
therefore, no entitlement to retroactivity that would
gi~e to the Grievors any claim during the period prior to
the effective date of the Office Administration Group Job
Evaluation Plan.
In the cases before us, Mr. Auger testified that be first
became aware of the 100 grievances that were filed in the ~.~us
case when he first~ saw the Slone award in January of 1990. He
stated that although he became aware of the results of the $altman
award when he was reclassified and received retroactivity for the
period provided in that award, he was not aware of why the class
standard had been revised. That is, that it followed upon the
~randt award. It was only when he realJzed what had happened to
the 100 grievors dealt with in the $1one award that he saw what he
regarded as the unfairness in the situation and filed his
33
grievance.
Mr. Auger acknowledged that he could have filed a grievance in
1983 if he had been aware that there was an issue concerr~zng the
propriety of his classification. Hfs position was that it was
simply a matter of fairness to treat him in the same way as the 100
grievors in the Slone case who he regarded to be performing the
same work as he did during the period in dispute.
There was no evidence of Mr. Auger ever having brought his
grievance to the attention of management prior to his having filed
it on January 30 of 1990, nor of any indication from management to
him that he should hold off filing a' grievance until the matter
with respect to the 100 grievors who filed their grievances ~n 1983
was settled.
The facts relating to Mr. Jansson are somewhat different. He
first learned of the filing of the grievances in the Angus case in
late October or early November of 1.986 through a communication
emanating from the Probations Officers.' Association in the northern
Ontario catchment area. He stated th"at he did not grieve at that
time because of statements made by a 'representative of management
at a staff meeting held on November 22, 1986r in Timmins Ontario.
Bruce Mii'ler, the then Provincial Director, was said to have
informed those present that they were improperly classified and
would be receiving some type of compensation.
34
As in the case of Mr. Auger, Mr. Jansson stated that he first
realized that he would be not obtaining the same retroactivity as
the grievors in the Angus case after the release of the Slone
award. He stated that in late January of 1990 a colleague assigned
to the North Bay office informed him of the Slone award and he then
filed his grievance on February 2, 1990.
In cross-examination Mr. Jansson stated that ~o the best of
his recollection none of the employees at the meeting held on
November 22, 1986 said anything. He also acknowledged that there
was no indication from Mr. Miller that the employees were being
asked to-delay filing grievances.
Mr. Jansson also added that it was apparent that Mr. Miller
was not entirely conversant with the matter and this appeared to be
in some way related to the fact that the ~ grievances involved
another ministry, Mr. Jansson was frank in acknowledging that the
conclusions he arrived at were based on his view that the situation
of the grievors in the An ug_u~ case were no different from those
affecting him and that fairness dictated that they be treated in
the same way. He was very forthcoming in his evidence and
acknowledged that there was no indication to the employees from Mr.
Miller that they would be receiving any retroactive compensation.
He also stated that there was no attempt on his part to put the
Ministry on notice that he had been improperly classified until
such time as he filed his grievance.
35
On the facts of the cases before us we do not have such
evidence as has been acted upon where there was an equity in favour
of a grievor to depart from the twenty-day rule. That ts, we have
neither the kind of evidence as was relied upon in the Hillma~
case: (1) relating to the duties and responsibilities carried out
by the grievors as being identical to those being ca~-ried out by
the grievors whose cases they were relying upon. (2) That the
Grievors in the cases before us were working, as was the grievor in
the Hillman case, side by side with the 'grievors whose cases he was
relying upon. (3) That the employers were put on notice in the
manner as was referred to in the Hi]lma_~ case. Nor do we have the
kind of intervention by an employer as would now raise an estoppel
permitting us to de,art from the twenty-day rule.
It is not difficult to see how employees, who regard
themselves as having performed exactly the same kind of work as the
other employees who were successful in obtaining retroactivity to
an earlfer period, would regard the result as being manifestly
unfair. However, on the facts before us, and, given the position
taken by the Employer, we are unable to find an equity in favour of
the Grievors that would permit a departure from the twenty-day
rule. Accordingly, the two grievances before us must be dismissed.
During the course of the hearing, as above noted, counsel for
the Employers, among his several arguments, asked us to decliae to
hear the grievances because of a suggested presumption tha~ the
36
detav in filing the grievances would prejudice the Employers in
presenting evidence in support of thei~ positions. No evidence was
called on behalf of the Employers to establish actual prejudice. In
the light of the basis for our decision, it is unnecessary for us
to rule on the correctness of the Employers' submission .wzth
respect to the presemption of prejudice.
Counsel for the Employers also askad us not to follow the
HiIlman case, arguing that it was manifestly incorrect, and
therefore not subject to the rule in Blake, As we found the facts
in the ~illman case to be distinguishable from those in the cases
before us, it was unnecessary to decide this issue.
Dated at Toronto th'is 14th day of September, 1992.
M. Gorsky, Vice-Chairperson
: "I Dissent" (dissent attached)
" J, Carruthers, Member
.... D. DaUgharty ,$~Membe r
I must strongly disagree with the majority in thim award.
On page 35 of the award, the Board gives three reasons for denying
the grievances. I will address them in order.
(t) no evidence" .... relating to the duties and responsibilities
carried out by the grievers as being identical to those being
carried out by the grievers whose cases they were relying
The grievers stated at all material times they were classified as
Probation Officers II (page 1 of the award). The 100 original
grievers were classified at the Probation Officer II level. (page
2 - chronology of events) The classifications are the same.
The employer offered no evidence showing~difference between the
Probation Officer II classification. In my opinion, for their
argument to succeed, evidence should have been offered showing a
difference.
Further, in July 1987, as a result Of the 100 grievances, ~
Probation Officer II'$ were given a new Class Standard, not just
the 100 grievers. Clearly, not all Probation Officer II's were
paraded before Brandt panel, yet the whole classification was
changed. It is not open to the Employer to now muggest different
Probation Officers might have been doing different work when the
Employer created a new Class Standard for all of them.
similarly, a_~ Probation Officer II's were re-classified on March
18, 198~. Again, how can the Employer say it may have been
different work while reclassifying everyone to the same status?
on February 28 1989, the Saltman award issues an interest
arbitration increasing the salary of ~ Probation Officers II's
back to July 29 1987. It would seem that the ~mployer takes no
issue with all Probation Officer II's ~oing the same wor~ back a~
far as July 29 1987, but then no further. T~e employer's argument
is not consistent with t_he pas= history of this classification.
"that =he grievers in the cases before us were working, as wa~
t~e grievor~ in the KillmA~ case, side by side with the
grievers whose cases he was relying upon."
In my opinion, the fact that Hi!lman worked beside another grlevor
was not the determining factor in =haC case. The H~ma~ award on
"In this case, the emDIoyer was put on notice by the filing of
the Tr~c~on grievances. Moreover, in this case all of =he
employees eventually subject =o reclassification work for the
same Minie=ry. In addition, the Truch°-~ grievors, and the
grievor i~ t~s instant case, work in t~e same District. It
can hardly.be said ~he Ministry was taken unaware by the
instant grievance."
It seems %o me the fact that Hiliman may have worked with an
original grlevor was addition, 1 information to the fact that the
employer was puc on notice, not the ~ecisinc factor.
The Minist=ies do not function on an office by office basis. Once
one employee i~ reclassified, thenali employee~ are reclassified.
This is supported by the Hillman decision (page 2 & 3) and the
instant case as previously mentioned. If, as the majority in thi~
case indicate, ~i!lman stands for the proposition that one of =he
grlevors had :o work ~ide-by-side (which I say it doesn't) then a
logical e~tension of that sward should ~e that employees doing the
same Job whereve~ they may be should receive the same pay increase.
To limit the pay Sncrease 'to someone working beside an original
grievor would seem to say an employee working across the street
would not fit in exactly so =herefore, he would not receive the pay
raise. That cannot be wha: the ~illman decision intended.
(3) "That the employees were put on notice' in the manner as was
referred to in the ~lma~ case."
In the M.~ll~an case there were 35 original grievore. If as in
~il~an, it was said the employee was put on notice by that filing,
how can the employee in the instant case (a% least =he Ministry of
Corrections) not be put on notice by the filing of 100 grievances?
As in Hill~an, page 1t
"it can hardly be said that ~he Ministry was taken unaware by
the instant grievance. It knew that the classification of
senior Construction Technicians in the northern region had
been brough= into i~sue and i= knew that should these
classifications be foun~ wal=ing, that e%ery Senior
Construction Technician would have to be reclassified. It
would defy logic, common sense and fairness to deny the
q=ievance in this case..."
That holds tru~ in this cass as well. In the case of Mr. Auger,
the Ministry of Correctional Services knew there were 100 grievors
comD!aining about their classification. It also knew that it the
100 were improperly classified, then ~ Probation Officer II's
would have to be reclassified. It is very clear to me that the
test of putting the employes on no=ice in =his case was met.
In %he cass of Mr. Jansen for =he Ministl'y of Community and Social
Services, I would say the ~ilman logic can be extended to include
anothmr Ministry. The grimvor was at all times classified as a
Probation Officer II, the very same classification that the 100
grievors were. He was reclas~tfis~ with them and paid
retroa¢:ivity ~ack to July 1987. The 100 original grievors merely
got more back pay.
The Employer cannot now say hs was doing different work w~thou=
providing evidence or.the difference. It is simply unfair for the
employer to have people working the same job but receiving less
pay. ~
In summary, I find that the grisvors did do the same work as the
original lo0 grievors, given they were the same classification and
qiven that =he employer offered no evidence to the =ontrary.
I also feel that this cass falls squarely with Hli~man and given
the ~k9 decision, this pwnel should follow ~ill~an and find for
the grievors. '