HomeMy WebLinkAbout1989-1876.Broadbent.90-09-24~ ONDAR(O EMPZ. O¥~$ DE ~ COURONNE
-.~ CROWN EMPLOYEES DE L'ONTARiO
GRIEVANCE C OMMISSION DE
SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS
'180 OUNOA$ STREET WEST, SUITE ~,100, TORONTO, ONTARIO, MSG ;Z8 TELEPHONE/T~:L~PHONE: (4 ?6) 326- 1388
780, RUE DUNDAS~OUEST, BUREAU 2'100, TORONTO (ONTARIO), MSG '1Z8 FACSIMILE/TEL£COPtE : (4~6) 326-7396
1876/89
IN THE MATTER OF ~N ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
OPSEU (Broadbent)
Grievor
- &nd -
The'Crown in Right of Ontario (Ministry of Transportation)
Employer
- and -
W. Kaplan Vice-Chairperson
M. Lyons Member
D. Andersen Member.
FOR. THE K. Whitaker
GRIEVOR Counsel
Ryder, Whitaker, Wright &
Chapman
Barristers & Solicitors
FOR TNE M. Failes
EMPLOYER Counsel
Winkler, Filion & Wakely
Barristers & Solicitors
HEARING June 18, 1990
August 3, 1990
2
DECISION
In this case the union alleges that the grievor, Richard
Broadbent, was unfairly appraised and unjustly dismissed. Four
separate grievances, each dated December 14, 1989, were brought
before the Board. Three of these grievances relate to appraisals
the grievor received, the fourth to his dismissal. The grievor
sought an order directing that the appraisals be removed from his
record as well as an order reinstating~him to his employment.
The employer raised a preliminary objection as to the timeliness
of two of the three appraisal griewances. While all four
grievances were dated December 14, 1989, the appraisals in
question are dated July 14, 1989, September 18, 1989, and
November 16, 1989. In these circumstances, counsel for the
employer argued that the Board should dismiss the first two
appraisal grievances for being out of time. In the alternative,
counsel argued that the Board should consider whether the
doctrine of laches precluded the grievor from grieving the first
two appraisals.
Counsel for the employer also argued that the grievor was not
dismissed from employment but was released pursuant to section 22
(5) of The Public Service Act. This section permits the release
of an employee during the first year of his or her employment for
failure to meet the requirements 6f the position. The employer
argued that Mr. Broadbent had not been discharged,~ but was
3
instead released from employment. In these circumstances, it was
the employer's view that the Board was without jurisdiction to
hear a grievance relating to that release. However, counsel
conceded that where it could be established that the release of a
probationary employee had nothing to do with his or her
suitability for the position in question and was in fact a
disguised disharge the Board had jurisdiction to consider a
grievance under section 18(2) of The Crown Employees Collective
BarGaining Act. As noted by Arbitrator Swan:
While the test has been differently expressed from case
to case, we think that in essence the question before
us is whether the Employer reasonably and in good faith
exercised the authority in Section 22(5) of the Public
Service Act to release the employee on probation, and
did not seek merely to cloak a disciplinary discharge
behind the release procedure. In essence, this is a
question of fact, and therefore depends upon all of the
circumstances of the case. (Clarke 443/82)
Section 18(2) of The Crown Employees Collective Bargaining. Act
also gives the Board jurisdiction to hear appraisal grievances
notwithstanding failure to comply with .time limits in the
collective agreement. Accordingly, the Board reserved its ruling
on the arbitrabilit¥ of the disharge grievance and the timeliness
of two of the appraisal grievance and proceded to hear evidencel
Mr. Broadbent began his employment with the Ministry on February
20, 1989 after having successfully competed for the position of
Mechanic Apprentice at the Ministry's shop in Huntsville. Prior
4
to joining the Ministry he worked at Canadian Tire, after having
graduated from Huntsville High. Normally, it takes four years to
acquire a mechanic's license, and this provincially regulated
program combines work with study. Practical training was to take
place at the Ministry's shop in Huntsville; the academic
component was with the Ministry of Skills Development.
Practical training came first, and Mr. Broadbent was assigned to
assist the seven mechanics at the Huntsville shop. If all went
well, he was scheduled to take the first of his academic courses
in January 1990. All did not go well, and Mr. Broadbent's
employment was terminated on December 8, 1989 by a letter dated
November 21, 1989.
The Union Case
In brief, it was the union's position that Mro Broadbent
performed as well as could be expected of an apprentice mechanic
in the first year of the four-year training program. Mr.
Whitaker also argued that the appraisals that he received were
not only factually incorrect, but were performed contrary to the
governing princiDles and standards. Moreover, it was Mr.
Whitaker's submission that Mr. Broadbent was dismissed for
reasons unrelated to the requirements of the Apprentice
Mechanic's position. In the result, his discharge could not and
should not be sustained.
5
The Evidence
Mr. Broadbent was the only apprentice at the Huntsville shop.
The duties of the Mechanic Apprentice are set out in a Position
Specification. The purpose of'the position is:
To work with and assist Journeymen Mechanics engaged in
repairing and maintaining equipment in a District
repair garage. Perform duties and receives training in
Branch "A" of the Motor Vehicle Repair Trade. To
attend trade school classes arranged by the Ministry of
Colleges and Universities.
The Position Specification summarily describes the duties and
responsibilities of the Mechanic Apprentice. They are:
70%
1. Under direct supervision assist Journeymen
Mechanics in the diagnosis, adjustment, repair or
complete overhaul of all drive line components, (i.e.
engines,~ transmission, differentials, rear axles),
brake systems, steering assemblies and electrical
systems.
- servicing all equipment.
- repairing hydraulic components.
15%
'2. Under the direction of the Ministry of Colleges
and Universities, attends compulsory training classes
at a provincial trades College.
15%
3. Performs other related duties such as:
- cleaning workshop tools and equipment
after use.
- operating a variety of vehicles and other
equipment as required for testing purposes.
- cleaning work area daily.
- recording details of inspection and repair
work on garage work orders as required.
- other related duties as assigned.
Mr. Broadbent testified that, with one or two minor variations,
this Position Specification accurately described his duties and
responsibilities.
According to Mr. Broadbent, when he began work at the Huntsville
shop no one told him what he had to do to meet the performance.
objectives of his position. Moreover, it was his evidence that
when he first began work he spent a considerable part of the time
on the road working alone servicing ministry vehicles. By the
late spring/early summer he was spending most of the time working
in the shop, and his primary assignment was assisting a
Journeyman Mechanic named Tom Perry.
It was the grievor's contention that most, if not all, of the
problems that he encountered were the result of a personality
conflict with Mr. Perry. Mr. Broadbent found Mr. Perry difficult
to comunicate with and generally difficult to be around.
Notwithstanding a real effort on the grievor's part to get along
with Mr. Perry he was unable to develop a satisfactory
relationship with him.
According to Mr. Broadbent, Mr. Perry was not very helpful when
he asked a question. Indeed, Mr. Broadbent testified that Mr.
Perry would deliberately mislead him. When the grievor
questioned him about this he was told to "mind his own business."
7
Mr. Broadbent testified that his working relationships with other
mechanics were cordial, and that he generally thought things were
going well. Mr. Perry did not testify.
Unfortunately, the employer did not think that things were going
well, and this was reflected in the first appraisal that Mr.
Broadbent received in Ju~y 1989. It appears that Mr. Broadbent ~
was advised several days in advance about the appraisal by Mr.
James Moss, and it took place in Mr. George Markle's 'office. Mr.
Moss, the shop foreman, was Mr. Broadbent's immediate supervisor,
and Mr. MarkIe was the Equipment Supervisor.
Mr. Broadbent first testified that when the meeting took place
the employer presented a completed appraisal form. The
appraisal, dated July 14, 1989, clearly states that improvements
were necessary in the grievor's work habits. Reference is made
to Mr. Broadbent requiring extra time for simple tasks resulting
in supervising mechanics becoming impatient. The appraisal form
advises Mr. Broadbent that he had to show considerable
improvement in the next month if his sponsorship in the
Apprentice program was to be continued. Moreover, the appraisal
refers to an "attached sheet" indicating areas where improvements
were required. (There was some contradictory evidence as to when
exactly Mr. Broadbent received this "attached sheet." We are of
the view, however, that this issue is not of any great
significance to the determination of this case.)
According to Mr. Broadbent, neither Mr. Moss nor Mr. Markle
elaborated on the concerns expressed in the appraisal. They did
not, for instance, go over specific assignments that Mr.
Broadbent had performed in order to illustrate to him how he was
taking extra time to perform simple tasks. They did not, in
another example, specifically advise Mr. Broadbent how to improve
his performance. They just told him to improve, and to speed up
his work.
Mr. Broadbent testified that he told Mr. Moss and Mr. Markle that
he did not think he was being fairly evaluated, and that he
believed that the problem stemmed from his relationship with Mr.
Perry. Nevertheless, he signed the appraisal form and did not
avail himself of the opportunity to make any comments. He also
testified that he did not think it was appropriate to challenge
the appraisals because he was an employee and they were the boss.
Mr. Broadbent was given the "attached sheet," which in fact was a
letter with a list attached, referred to in the appraisal. This
letter and list elaborate on some of the employer's concerns.
The letter states that the employer was concerned that Mr.
Broadbent did not appear to be grasping mechanicial techniques,
resulting in low productivity and requiring excessive
supervision. The letter continued:
9
You however indicated that you feel comfortable, in the
position of Apprentice Mechanic and wish to continue
working toward acquiring your trade certificate.I In an
attempt to assist you in your efforts we pro~ose to
give you training and practice on specific tasks, see
list attached, and assess the results at the end of
approximately one month.. ~
· The attached list sets out a number of tasks that M~. Broadbent
was expected to perform prior to the next appraisal. Mr.
Broadbent testified, however, t h I ·
hat e could already p~rform these
tasks at the time he was given the list. The one other
requirement on the list was that he obtain a classl D driver's
license, which he did obtain prior to the next appraisal. Mr.
Broadbent also testified that he told the employer that he did
not have difficulty retaining mechanical techniques ~nd that the
supervision he required was not excessive. Moreover, it was his
evidence that notwithstanding the representation in the "attached
sheet"'that he would be given assistance, no such assistance was
offered.
The second appraisal took place on S~ptember 18, 1989.I Again, it
was performed by Mr. Moss and Mr. Markle ' Mr. Broad~ent thought
that he had been doing well since the first appraisa!l, although
he continued to have difficulties in his relationship with Mr.
Perry. [
Mr. ~Broadbent's view of the situation was not, however, shared by
the employer. This appraisal indicates a lack of improvement in
grasping mechanical techniques and difficulty in'following verbal
10
and written orders. The appraisal notes that while Mr. Broadbent
worked at a steady pace, it was a slow one, even taking his
inexperience, into account. It observes that he was having a hard
time getting along with his fellow employees, causing him to
wander from the work area at times. Mr. Broadbent testified that
he only wandered off two or three times, and that was in order to
avoid an incident when Mr. Perry was being abusive to him. The
appraisal concluded by giving Mr. Broadbent a further six weeks
of training. It stated that failure to show adequate improvement
could result in the Ministry discontinuing his sponsorship in the
Apprenticeship Program.
Again, Mr. Broadbent signed the form'without making any comments.
Indeed, he testified that he signed it before discussing it.
This time, Mr. Broadbent asked about the box on the form where
employees could comment, and was advised that he could write
whatever he wished but "that it didn't mean much." Accordingly,
he left it blank. What discussion there was of the form was
limited to generalities.
Nothing much changed, according to Mr. Broadbent, following this
appraisal. He did not receive any additional training. He did,
however, get the impression that things were going well, and this
was because in OCtober he went to see Mr. Moss and asked him how
things were going. Mr. Moss said that there "were no big
problems." Mr. Broadbent wanted to be sure because he was
11
intending to buy a new ·truck. He was obviously concerned about
job security. Mr. Broadbent testified that Mro Moss told him
that buying a new truck was a good idea.
In these circumstances, Mr. Broadbent was very upset when he
received his third and final appraisal on November 16, 1989..
While acknowledging that Mr. Broadbent was willing to accept
tasks and to do the best he could, this appraisal reiterated the
concerns previously expressed (as well as a new one about
lateness) and recommended his dismissal. Mr. Broadbent was
terminated effective December 8, I989 by a letter dated November
21, 1989. The following week he filed the four ~rievances
brought before the Board.
.Lee Teske, a Journeyman Mechanic and· Shop Steward in the
Huntsville shop also testified on behalf of the grievor. He
testified that Mr. ·Broadbent worked with him approximately one
third of the time between his date of hire and his discharge.
Mr. Teske testified generally about some of the difficulties the
grievor experienced with Mr. Perry, and also testified about his
own experiences with him. Mr. Teske had no complaints about the
quality of Mr. Broadbent's work, although when .asked by the
Assistant Foreman about Mr. Broadbent's work in the late fall of
1989 he said that he did not think "his work was too bad." Mr.
Teske did not know ~t the time that this information was being
collected for the purpose of the appraisal.
Mr. Teske testified that Mr. Broadbent did not require excessive
supervision, but noted that he asked a lot of questions. He did
not find Mr. Broadbent forgetful; rather he found that Mr.
Broadbent would double-check things in order to avoid making
mistakes. Sometimes this annoyed him, but most of'the time it
did not. As Mr. Teske explained, it is by asking questions that
an apprentice learns. When asked by Mr. Whitaker whether or not
it was true that supervising mechanics were becoming, impatient
with Mr. Broadbent, he said that he would not agree with that
statement, but nor would he disagree with it.
Mr. Teske was of the view that Mr. Broadbent was achieving the
rate of progress to be expected by a first-year apprentice.
Moreover, he testified that in the fall, prior to Mr. Broadbent's
dismissal, he asked Mr. Moss how Mr. Broadbent was doing. The
reason he asked was that he knew that Mr. Broadbent was planning
to buy a new truck, and there were rumours that he was going to
be let go. According to Mr. Teske, Mr. Moss told him that Mr.
Broadbent was "okay," and as a result Mr. Broadbent went ahead
and Durchased the new truck.
The Employer's Case
When Mr. Broadbent was cross-examined by Mr. Failes, a slightly
different picture emerged. Very simply, the portrayal of a
unilateral appraisal process was altered. For instance, the
griever had testified that that there was no discussion prior to
being presented with the completed first appraisal. In fact,
there was a discussion and.the employer's concerns were brought
~to his attention.
Mr. Broadbent also admitted that the employer's concerns about
his performance' were brought to his attention in informal
conversations on other occasions with Mr. Markle, and with Mr.
Steve Detta who began. Working as the Assistant Shop Foreman in
August. Moreover, . it turns' out that with few exceptions Mr.
Broadbent spent most of the period.prior to his first appraisal
working in the shop, not as he testified, alone'out on the road.
There were other inconsistencies in his testimony as well, but
the Board is of the view that they were the result of
forgetfulness, not of any deliberate intention to mislead.
indeed, that the employer had made some effort to assist Mr.
Broadbent in his position was made apparent by the evidence of
Mr. Detta, a 'bargaining unit employee who appeared under
subpoena. Mr. Detta began work in the Huntsville shop on August
8, 1989. He has been with the Ministry for fourteen years,
twelve of which as a Journeyman Mechanic. He has been directly
involved in the training of four Apprentice Mechanics, as well as
co-op students and others. '
Days after Mr. Detta began work in the. Huntsville shop, he'was
14
called upon to assume, on an acting basis, the Foreman's
position, and in that position he received numerous complaints
from various mechanics about the quality of Mr. Broadbent's work.
Mr. Detta also had many personal experiences with Mr. Broadbent.
Generally, he found that Mr. Broadbent satisfactorily performed
single simple instructions, but the same could not be said when
he was asked to do more than one thing at a time. In that case,
Mr. Detta would have to write the instructions so that Mr.
Broadbent would not forget.
For example, Mr. Detta would be required to write a list when he
wanted Mr. Broadbent to change the clearance light on a truck,
then check the fluids and fire extinguisher. If he did not do
so, Mr. Broadbent would forget. In another example that Mr.
Detta described to the Board, Mr. Broadbent would appear in the
morning and ask Mr. Detta for an assignment. Upon investigation,
'Mr. Detta would find that Mr. Broadbent had not completed his
work from the day before - indeed, that work would be sitting
unfinished on Mr. Broadbent's work bench. When he would ask Mr.
Broadbent why he had not finished the previous day's work, he
would not provide any excuse. In .the result, Mr. Broadbent
required constant supervision.
Mr. Detta attempted to assist Mr. Broadbent with his memory
problem, and they had numerous discussions about it, as often as
several times a week. Nevertheless, there was little
15
improvement. In Mr. Detta's view, remembering a short list of
simple instructions was .to be expected of an ApprentiCe Mechanic.
The problem, however, was more than a memory one. Even when Mr.
Detta wrote down simple instructions, Mr. Broadbent would still
have to come back for further 'instructions. And, as Mr. Detta
explained, being a mechanic is more than just doing what is on
the work order. Mechanics must have a feel for the job, they
must be able to fix a part, but at the same time be generally
aware and troubleshoot, i.e~, identify and repair other problems.
'rMr. Broadbent did not, in Mr. Detta's view, have that feel for
the job.
More seriously, Mr. Detta described an incident in some detail
that reflected on the grievor's mechanical aptitude. The
incident involved the cleaning and reconstruction of a steering
box. Mr. Detta testified that he asked Mr. Broadbent to do it
because it was the most simple steering box on the market and it
was an appropriate exercise to assess Mr. Broadbent's Suitability
for this kind of work.
Unfortunately, Mr. Broadbent was not able to perform 'the job
satisfactorily. In Mr. Detta's view it was a basic job that an
Apprentice Mechanic should have been able to perform within three
or four months. At the time of the incident Mr. Broadbent had
been on the job more than six months.
The Board heard other evidence that reflected on the grievor's
ability to follow and understand instructions as well as his
potential for mechanical work. Mr. Detta testified that while it
was correct that Mr. Broadbent had worked a lot with Mr. Perry,
by August that was no longer the case, and any problems that he
might have had were not the result of interpersonal difficulties
with a mechanic.
Mr. Detta testified about his efforts to give Mr. Broadbent
simpler jobs to build confidence. This was not successful.
There were other problems, including the growing frustration of
the other mechanics with Mr. Broadbent. While Mr. Detta agreed
that mechanics may not like having an apprentice around because
it slows them down, he testified that they all understand their
obligations to train apprentices, and that it was only because of
his problems catching on and doing the work that the mechanics in
HUntsville became frustrated with Mr. Broadbent.
In Mr. Detta's view Mr. Broadbent just did not have what it took
to become a mechanic. In Mr. Detta's experience, Mr. Broadbent's
development as an Apprentice Mechanic was well below that of
other Apprentice Mechanics at a similar point in their
apprenticeship. Mr. Detta testified that he participated in the
appraisal process in that he had a number of discussions with Mr.
Broadbent about his work, and he also gave information to Mr.
17
Moss and Mr. Markle about Mr. Broadbent.
Mr. Moss, a mechanic since 1972 and Foreman at the Huntsville
Shop since 1985, gave evidence. In brief, he testified about the
information-gathering process that led to the preparation of the
appraisals, and he gave the Board a number of other examples of
problems with Mr. Broadbent's work. There is no point in
describing them in any detail in these reasons for decision.
Suffice it to say that the problems identified by Mr. Moss were
identical in character to those testified to by Mr. Detta.
With regard to the problems with Mr. Perry,. Mr. Moss testified
that after 'the grievor complained about Mr. Perry he had a word
with him and asked him to be patient with. Mr. Broadbent~ In Mr.
Moss's view, the problems with Mr. Perry were in large part the
result of Mr. Broadbent's inability to catch on and do the work,
although he conceded that Mr. Perry could be difficult to work
with. The fact, however, that other mechanics also became
frustrated with Mr. Broadbent indicated to Mr. Moss that the
~problem transcended a personality conflict.
As was the case with Mr. Detta, Mr. Moss had a number of informal
'consultations with Mr..Broadbent and attempted to assist him in
his work. These attempts, the informal discussions and the three
appraisals failed to result in the kind of progress Mr. Moss
expected from an Apprentice Mechanic, and he recommended to Mr.
18
Markle that Mr. Broadbent be released. For what it is worth, Mr.
Moss testified that Mr. Broadbent's lateness during the last
appraisal period had nothing to do with this recommendation. The
recommendation for release was based on his inability to follow
and understand instructions and his inability to grasp mechanical
techniques. Mr. Moss denied telling either Mr. Broadbent or Mr.
Teske that Mr. Broadbent was doing "okay" when approached about
Mr. Broadbent'$ intention of buying a truck. In fact, his
evidence was that he told Mr. Broadbent that "it did not look
good."
George Markle also testified on behalf of the employer. He is
the Equipment Supervisor at the Huntsville Shop. He has been in
that position for five years. Prior to that he was the Foreman
and prior to that he was the Assistant Foreman. He has been a
mechanic for 27 years. He testified that he told the grievor
what was expected of him the very first day he arrived on the
job. He also gave evidence about the appraisal process.
In early April Mr. Moss came to him and reported his concerns
about Mr. Broadbent. .Mr. Markle investigated, and in his
discussions with various mechanics found those concerns to be
widespread. He spoke to Mr. Broadbent informally prior to the
first appraisal in July and, as Mr. Broadbent testified, at the
$
first appraisal. He told him that he did not think that he was
paying sufficient attention or grasping the requirements for the
19
position.
The same message was repeated over the course of the summer, and
at the September appraisal meeting. Mr. Markle continued to
monitor the situation, and the problems did not go aWay. While
Mr. Broadbent could perform basic tasks in an acceptable fashion,
he did not demonstrate the ability to learn and develop as a
mechanic. Mr. Markle had other informal discussions with Mr.
Broadbent over the course of the fall, and he discussed his
progress with mechanics on the shop floor. In the end he
concluded that Mr. Broadbent did not have what it took and he
formed the intention to terminate his employment. He recommended
this course of. action to the District Engineer and his
recommendation was accepted.·
Argument
Mr. Whitaker argued that there was no rational relationship
between the observations made about the grievor's work
performance .and the conclusion that he was not meeting the
requirements of the position necessary to authorize a release
under the Public Service Act. In counsel's view, to justify a
release reference must be made to the position specification. If
the grievor could meet the requirements of that specification,
then a release could not be justified.
Very simply, Mr. Whitaker argued that the position specification,
20
reproduced above, set out the requirements of the position.
Counsel took the position that this specification indicated that
Apprentice Mechanics were to work 70 percent of the time under
the direct supervision of journeymen mechanics, and the problems
that Mr. Broadbent experienced were the result of his being
required to work on his own. Mr. Whitaker argued that the
employer's expressed concerns with Mr. Broadbent's performance
were not germane to his suitability for the position because the
position specification required him to work under the direct
supervision of mechanics. In that Mr. Broadbent was assessed
based on tasks given to him to perform on his own, Mro Whitaker
argued that the release should be set aside.
In Mr. Whitaker's view, the type of supervision that this
position specification contemplates is the apprentice working in
tandem on a common project with the mechanic. This was to be
contrasted with what happened to Mr. Broadbent, when for instance
he was given a job and told to go to his work bench and do it.
Mr. Whitaker also argued that the three apraisals should also be
set aside in that they were not performed in accordance with the
Ministry's policy and the governing principles.
The Performance Appraisal Policy of the Ministry defines the
performance appraisal process as follows:
21
' Performance appraisal is a three-step process whereby a
manager and an employee:
- define the performance that is expected of
the employee durin~ the next review period;
- discuss the performance on an ongoing basis
during the review period; and.
- evaluate job performance at the end of the
review period.
Moreover, the Policy provides that:
The Ontario Government is committed to a policy of
effective management of its employees. In support of
this commitment, managers are responsible for guiding
the performance of 9mployees under their supervision.
Performance appraisal is an essential element of this
management process and it is therefore the policy of~
the Ontario Government that the performance of every
employee is appraised regularly.
Employees are responsible for their own performance and
are entitled to know on a regular basis:
- the performance expected of them;
- how they are performing; and
- the resources available to them to attain
'' the expected performance.
Under this Policy probationary employees are to be appraised
within the first six months of service according to certain
guidelines. The employer is to:
1. Define performance expectations that are:
- set by manager and employee at the
beginning of each review period;
- re-examined during the review period and
revised where appropriate;
- specific to each job;
- consistent with the position description;
- results oriented;
- measureable.
2. Discuss actual performance with the employee on a
22
day-to-day basis throughout the review period.
3. Base the evaluation at the end of the review
period on the employee's work performance and
accomplishments.
4o Discuss the performance evaluation at the end of
the review period with the employee and where the
appraisal is written, provide the employee with a copy.
5. Include in the performance evaluation at the end
of the review period a summary rating of the employee's
performance so that the employee has a clear
understanding of whether overall performance has
exceeded, met or not met the expectations of the job.
6. Indicate, where performance expectations have not
been met, what is required to meet these expectations
and whether improvement has .been demonstrated during
the review period.
7. Include in the appraisal of managers, their
operation of the performance appraisal program.
Mr. Whitaker argued that the evidence before the Board supported
his position that not only were the appraisals factually flawed,
but they were also performed contrary to the governing
principles. In his submission, the appraisals were not used to
set out management's concerns in a constructive and informative
fashion, but to document management concerns in case disciplinary
action was later required. The generalized criticisms and
absence of any positive comments in the last two appraisals
provided, in counsel's view, evidence of this. Mr. Whitaker
argued that the latter two appraisals should have set out in a
specific fashion the concrete steps that the grievor had to take
in order to improve his performance. Mr. Whitaker also submitted
that the promised assistance was never provided.
Mr. Peterson argued~ that Mr. Broadbent failed to meet the
requirements for the position. The position specification did
not say that the Apprentice Mechanic was required to be able to
follow and understand instructions, but this requirement must be
read in. The position specification did not say that the
Apprentice Mechanic was required to demonstrate a mechanical
aptitude, but this requirement must be read in. 'These
requirements were, counsel argued, so basic to the position in
question that they did not need to be written down.
Counsel for the employer agreed that the position specification
did say that Apprentice Mechanics were to work under the
supervision of journeymen mechanics, but argued this did not mean
that the apprentice should never be given assignments 'to perform
on his or her own. It was obviously contemplated that
apprentices would do some work on their own, albeit under the
direct supervision of a journeyman mechanic. Moreover, the
position specification could be read so as to require direct
supervision for part, but not all, of the responsibilities of the
Apprentice Mechanic. There was, in counsel's view, nothing wrong
and everything' right with the employer trying to bring Mr.
Broadbent along by assigning him simple tasks and evaluating his
performance with respect to them.
Counsel argued not only was there no evidence of Dad faith on
24
behalf of the employer, there was, in fact, considerable evidence
of good faith. Mr. Broadbent was not, for example, assigned
tasks beyond the scope of an apprentice at his stage of
development. He received counselling and supervision. The
emplgyer worked with him to solve his problems. The employer
brought Mr. Broadbent's problems to his attention informally and
formally, and did so in a manner consistent with the Ministry
policy.
Decision
We find that Mr. Broadbent was given notice of the appraisals and
he had the Opportunity to participate in the appraisal process.
While he may not have been given specific notice of the
performance objectives of his position the day he was hired, he
was certainly aware of them in general terms. Moreover, the
first two appraisals clearly defined the performance that was
expected of him if he was to remain in the Mechanic Apprentice
Position, as well as the deficiencies in his performance as
perceived by the employer. These expectations were reasonable
and consistent with the requirements of that position. The
appraisal process itself was fairly conducted.
While it is correct to say that mechanical aptitude and'ability
to retain and implement instructions are not listed on the
Position Specification, we agree that these characteristics are
indispensable to success in the apprenticeship'program. We also
take a broad view of the term "under direct supervision assist
Journeymen Mechanics." In our view, this contemplates exactly
the kinds of assignments given to Mr. Broadbent. It is
inconceivable that it was intended that APprentice Mechanics
always work directly and immediately under the supervisio~ of a
Journeyman Mechanic. For the apprenticeship program to work,
apprentices must obtain experience working on their own on
progressively more difficult and complex tasks assigned by
mechanics. In performing these tasks they learn and they also
assist the supervising mechanic.
Moreover, it is our view that while the apprentice program is
designed to turn apprentices into journeymen, it also provides
the employer with an opportunity to evaluate potentiaI mechanics.
Where a person is clearly not suited for the apprenticeship
program the employer is entitled to release that person from
employment.
There is simply no doubt that by the~time of the first appraisal
Mr. Broadbent was'aware of what he was supposed to be doing and
what his shortcomings were. We find that the employer made a
reasonable effort to assist Mr. Broadbent in his efforts to
become a mechanic. The fact is that the job did not work out, and
the main reason for this~was Mr. Broadbent's inability to follow
instructions and to grasp mechanical principles. We do not find
that his difficulties with Mr. Perry were responsible for the
26
problems that the employer identified and brought to Mr.
Broadbent's attention. Nor do we find, and we note the
conflicting evidence on this point, that any detrimental reliance
somehow affecting the release decision was created by the
cDnversations that took place concerning Mr. Broadbent's
intention to buy a new truck.
There were two main problems with Mr. Broadbent's performance,
and these two problems were identified in the appraisals. They
were also the subject of informal discussions between the grievor
and representatives of the employer. While the promised training
did not take place in a formal fashion, the evidence is that the
employer made a real effort to bring Mr. Broadbent along by
assigning him simple tasks in order to build his confidence and
gauge his ability. As counsel for the employer pointed out, it
is very difficult to provide a precise list of objectives when
the problem is an inability to follow and understand
instructions, and a lack of mechanical aptitude with respect to
implementing them.
In this case, supervision was increased and an effort made to
assist the grievor. That the effort was unsuccessful is no
reflection on Mr. Broadbent. He was a willing worker, and tried
hard. The job was not for him. As this became increasingly
apparent, it was brought to his attention, and when improvements
were not forthcoming he was properly released. This release is
27
not a colourable sham, but a bona fide case of a good faith
employer determining that a probationary employee had failed to
meet the requirements of his position. There was a rational
relationship between the observations made by management and the
conclusion to release. It is hard to see what other conclusion
could have been reached.
In the result, all four grievances are dismissed.
Dated at Ottawa this 24,th day of September 1990.
William Kaplan
Vice-Chair
"'h ,,' ~. ,;... / //.,.:
/M. Lyons ,/ --
,.,,' Me~er
D. Ander~n
Member