HomeMy WebLinkAbout1989-1803.Miller.91-06-24~'~ ONT.4RtO EMPL O YES DE LA COURONNE
CROWN EMPLOYEES OE L'ONTARIO
GRIEVANCE C,OMMISSION DE
SEiTLEMENT REGLEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS
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1803/89
IN THE MATTER OF AN ~%RBITRATION
Under '
THE CROWN F~MPLOYEE8 COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ~CT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BO]tieD.
BETWEEN
OPSEU (Miller)
Grievor
The Crown in Right of Ontario
'(Ministry of Correctional'Services)
Employer
BEFORE: E.- Ratushny Vice-Chairperson
W. Rannachan Member
A. Stapleton Member
FOR THE D. Wright.
GRIEVOR Counsel
Ryder, Whitaker, Wright & Chapman
Barrister & Solicitors
'FOR THE J. Benedict
EMPLOYER Manager, Staff Relations and Compensation
Ministry of Correctional Services
HEARIN~ May 28, 1991
DECISION
The Grievor alleges that the Employer made excessive
deductions from his pay-cheques as withheld income tax. The
allegation relates to pay which is verified by statements of
earnings and deductions dated October 12, October 26, November 9,
November 23 and December 7 (three separate cheques and pay stubs
on December 7). All of these dates were in 1989.
The Grievor's position is that the Employer is strictly
bound to pay to each employee, every cent to which that employee
is entitled by virtue of the collective agreement and relevant wage
schedule. This obligation is subject only to any deductions which
the Employer is bound to make by virtue of the collective agreement
or by virtue of any .legal obligation imposed outside of the
collective agreement.
The Employer is in general agreement with this proposition
but argues that the standard by which the Employer is to be judged
is one of "reasonableness". The Grievor disagrees and says that
the standard is one of "correctness". In other words, the
Grievor's position is that because the Employer has made incorrect
deductions, the Grievor is entitled to. relief. In this respect,
we are in agreement with the Grievor. If the Employer makes
deductions erroneously, is made aware of the error and does not
rectify it, the Grievor is entitled to.redress in this forum.
Nevertheless, in the context of income tax deductions from
pay, the standard of "correctness" is not infallibility. The
Employer need not be in the position of calculating the income tax
deductions so precisely that, on any given day of the year, the
Employer would be in the position of filing a return without ever
being entitled to any refund from Revenue Canada. Rather the
standard of correctness in this context is for the Employer
scrupulously to comply with the requirements of the collective
agreement and the Income Tax Act.
The Grievor's October 12 pay stub indicates a gross payment
of $779.58 with a deduction for income tax of $318.22 which
represents a deduction of 40.8% of gross pay. The Grievor
testified that he obtained a copy of the Revenue Canada guidelines
for deductions by employers and calculated that the correct
deduction would have been $138.10 or 17.7% of his gross income.
The result was an overpayment of $180.12 which deprived the Grievor
of the benefit of this money until a refund was finally received
from Revenue Canada approximately one year or mo~re later. The
Grievor claimed financial loss in not being able to apply this
money, which rightfully was his, to down-paying his mortgage and
loans or in being deprived of purchasing power.
The Grievor had been employed at the Toronto East Detention
Centre since March 15, 1982. He is~currently the President of~
OPSEU Local 582 and has held other positions in the Union. He has
received some formal education and practical experience in
accounting and his calculation of the proper deductions for the pay
~cheques in question was not challenged. He presented similar
testimony indicating excessive income tax deductions for subsequent
pay cheques in October, November and December.
The Grievor testified that when he received the pay stub
dated October 12, he sent a memorandum to the office Manager, Mr.
.D. Peck, dated October 13, in which he said:
My gross pay, ~or the period September 01 - 16/89
was $779.58. Income Taxes deducted were $318.22.
I was taxed at 40.8 per cent. That is definitely
not my tax rate. Please review and take
appropriate actions to prevent a reoccurrence.
Thanking you in anticipation. Derek A. Miller.
- 3 -
The Grievor did not receive a written or oral response from the
Employer.
After receiving his pay stub dated October 26, the Grievor
calculated that there had been another over-deduction in the sum
of $205.62. His next memorandum, on November 3, was addressed to
Mr. Peck's superior, Mr. P. Mulhern, who was the Acting Deputy
Superintendent:
On October 26/89 I received a cheque. The Income
Tax Rate was 40.8 per cent. I encountered this
problem before and outlined it in a memo to Mr.
Peck. A copy is attached. Please review and take
appropriate actions. Thanking you in anticipation.
Respectfully submitted. Derek A. Miller.
Mr. Mulhern responded with a memorandum dated November 7, which
advised the Grievor that the matter had been referred to Mr. Peck.
Mr. Peck, in turn, asked the Grievor to complete a Revenue Canada
"1989 Personal Tax Credit Return". This was done and returned by
the Grievor on November 11. Nothing further was heard from the
Employer. This grievance was filed on November 16. The problem
continued.
The only witness for the Employer was Ms. Elaine Fear-
Thompson, who is the Office Manager at the Toronto East Detention
centre. She introduced a copy of the computer print-out which
demonstrated the steps which were taken in the income tax
calculation for the Grievor's supplementary pay. These
calculations are done by the Ministry of Government Services,
province-wide, for over 90,000 government employees including both
management and bargaining Unit employees. The system employed is
based on formulae which are provided to the Ministry each year by
Revenue Canada. The system is such that sudden, significant
changes in the amount of supplementary pay earned may result in
abberations in'the percentage of pay withheld from certain cheques.
The euidence which was presented to the Board was
unsatisfactory in many respects. The Grievor did not present
evidence as to the actual amount of the excess of deductions for
the year in question (1989). He could only say. that he received
a refund from Revenue Canada in the Fall of 1990.' He received a
further refund for the 1989 taxation year in March of 1991 in
excess of $600, which included interest. However, since he claimed
1989 income from sources other than the Ministry of Correctional
Services, he could not indicate the actual amount of the alleged
excessive deductions for that year by the Ministry.
The only actual figures before us with respect to the
alleged excessive deductions were adduced on cross-examination of
the Grievor. He stated that his corrected T-4 slip for 1989
indicates income from the Employer of $28,916.25 and income tax
deductions of $7,578.39. On the basis of 'these figures, the
Grievor calculated the over-all rate of tax deducted to be 26.2%.
He then gave his estimate that this "would be 3 to 4% higher than
the Revenue Canada requirements at the'end of the year". If the
alleged excessive deduction is calculated on this basis (at 3.5%),
the amount would be $1,012.07.
Ordinarily, the Grievor's failure to provide specific
evidence as to the amount of the excessive deduction which he' is
alleging would be fatal. The rather casual estimate which was
provided is not strong evidence. However, it was not disputed by
the Employer. Nor did the Employer adduce any evidence as to the
correctness of the amount Which was deducted for the entire year.
Therefore, the only evidence which is before us on this issue, is
that approximately $1,000. was withheld from the~Grievor in excess
of what was required for income tax purposes.
The response of the Employer is simply that the
requirements of the Income Tax Act and Revenue Canada were met.
Counsel for the Grievor attempted to demonstrate from the computer
print-out that the formulae operated unfairly. It would require
a more detailed analysis of these formulae and their application
to specific situations to demonstrate that proposition.
However, we are of the view that more is required of the
Employer than merely to point to the Revenue Canada formulae. When
an employee brings a specific problem of this nature to the
attention of an employer, there is an obligation on the employer
to address it by determining whether an erroneous calculation is,
in fact, being made. The Employer did not do so. On the contrary,
the evidence indicates that the Employer reacted to the problem in
a rather cavalier manner.
In these circumstances, the grievance is allowed. The
Employer is required to calculate the actual excessive deductions
which were made in relation to the Griev0r in 1989 and to
compensate him by way of interest on the excess. Interest paid by
Revenue Canada on these over-payments will be off-set. We will
remain seized in the event of any difficulty in implementing this
award.
DATED at Ottawa, this 24th day of Ju.% 1991.
E. RATUSHNY .Q~.C~ , Vic~.-Chairperson
W. ~A~, M~r-*
~TON, Me~er