HomeMy WebLinkAboutUnion 06-07-03
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IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION Iy <,
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THE ROYAL OTTAWA HEALTH CARE GROUP '. J'I);. /
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("the Employer")
AND
THE ONTARIO PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYEES UNION, LOCAL 479
("the Umon")
ARBITRATOR. Michel G Pic her
APPEARING FOR THE EMPLOYER.
Russell Zmn Counsel
Catherme Thomas DIrector-Human Resources
APPEARING FOR THE UNION
Susan Ballantyne Counsel
Marlene Rivier President, Local 479
Hearings m this matter were held m Ottawa on May 28, June 16 and September 22,2003,
and January 27, Apn122, September 9, December 6 and December 10,2004
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AWARD
The grievance whIch IS the subject OfthIS arbItratIon alleges that the
Employer failed to apply the provIsions of the Human Resources Labour Adjustment
Plan for Ottawa-Carleton to a group of employees of the Royal Ottawa HOSpItal who
receIved notIces of layoff on October 16, 2002. The Umon maintams that the layoff
notIces were a dIrect result of the dIrections of the Health Services Restructurmg
CommIssIon (HSRC) whIch oversaw the re-organIzmg of health services wIthm the
Provmce of Ontano On that basIs It mamtams that the employees m receIpt of the layoff
notIce were entItled to the enhanced early retirement and voluntary resIgnatIon proVISIons
found wIthin ArtIcle 11 of the Human Resources Labour Adjustment Plan, mcluding an
allowance of three weeks' salary for each year of employment, a benefit winch exceeds
the two weeks' salary protection for each year of employment found withm the collectIve
agreement. The HospItal mamtams that the layoff notIces were not prompted by any
amalgamatIons or program transfers contemplated wIthin the Human Resources Labour
Adjustment Plan, that they were in fact prompted by budgetary constramts and that the
plan has no applicatIon m the partIcular cIrcumstances givmg nse to the grIevance
Certam facts pertment to the grIevance do not appear to be m dIspute. On or
about October 16, 2002 some 70 layoff notices were Issued to employees ofthe Royal
Ottawa HospItal. Subsequently, as reflected in communiques Issued by the Employer on
February 26 and March 6,2003, approxnnately 2/3 of those layoff notices were m fact
rescmded. It appears that some 44 layoffs were effectIvely cancelled by the first
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communicatIOn and a further 12 layoffs were rescmded m the communicatIOn of March
6,2003
Like vIrtually all hospItals m OntarIo, the Employer was the subject of drrectIOns
wIth respect to amendmg and restructurmg ItS programs Issued by the Health Services
Restructurmg CommIssion. The final drrectIves of the CommiSSIOn Issued to the Board
of Directors of the Royal Ottawa Health Care Group were handed down on August 13,
1997 Among other thmgs, the Employer was drrected to assume governance and
management of the Brockville PsychiatrIc HospItal pendmg its eventual closure, an event
whIch has not yet occurred. It was also drrected to transfer 117 longer term mental health
beds and 15 forensIc beds from the Brockville PsychIatrIc HospItal to the Royal Ottawa
Health Care Group, an event WhICh had also not yet occurred at the tIme of thIS hearmg.
AddItionally, the Hospital was drrected to prepare a plan to operate as the "RegIOnal
Referral Center for longer term mental health and proVIde acute and longer term mental
health and forensic services." The Employer was also dIrected to convert 16 pediatrIc
psychIatry beds to community based out patIent servIces in conjunctIon WIth the
Children's HospItal of Eastern Ontario In addItIon, the Employer was drrected to
transfer governance of the RehabilitatIOn Centre to the Ottawa HospitaL
Paragraph 10 of the drrectives mandated the Employer, m conjunction WIth all
Ottawa-Carleton Hospitals, the Ministry of Health and the Brockville Psychiatric
HospItal to develop a human resource plan " that wIll address the impact of the Health
ServIces Restructuring CommIssIOns' drrectIOns on the HospItal employees."
There was also a further directIve from the CommIssion m July of 1998 agam
confIrmmg, m part, the oblIgation of the Employer to develop and begm the
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ImplementatIOn of a plan to serve as the regIOnal referral center for longer term mental
health and to provIde acute and longer term mental health and forensIc servIces. Other
documents tabled In eVIdence, for example a report of the Commission m August of
1997, gIve more elaboration as to the intentIOns of the CommissIOn. Promment among
those IS the Intention to ShIft the Royal Ottawa Health Care Group away from provIdmg
acute mental health services, towards providmg only chromc mental health servIces and
forensic servIces. That report recommends that only the crisis unit of the Royal Ottawa
Health Care Group preserve its nine bed unit for short term acute treatment. That general
ShIft IS also reflected in the following dIrection of the HSRC contamed m the document
of August, 1997
The Royal Ottawa Health Care Group to be the Regional Referral Center
for Long-Term Mental Health Care and assume governance of all long-
term mental health (in patient and out patient) servIces In Ottawa (except
those located at HopItal Montfort)
CHEO to assume responsibilIty for pediatric mental health servIces
including an addItional 13 pediatrIc beds for a complement of 25 beds.
The ShIft m emphasis at the Royal Ottawa HospItal is also reflected m a document
entitled "FunctIOnal Program" Issued by the HospItal m December of 1999 The
mtroductIon to that report speaks to the reconfigured Royal Ottawa HospItal as "a
specialized mental health facility" Further along it states "In accordance with the HSRC
report, the ROH will proVIde specialty longer term mental health beds and ForensIc
servIces, as well as retam 8 crIsis beds," The report also notes that acute mental health
treatment and acute mental health beds are to be provided, m accordance WIth the HSRC
recommendatIOns, by the Ottawa HospItal, the Queensway Carleton Hospital and
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I'HopItal Montfort, in addition to the 8 cnSIS beds at the ROH. The same report speaks to
what It calls. "longer term (TertIary ISpecIalty) mental health treatment" It states that
the resIdence populatIOn of the region " will receIve their specIalty longer term mental
health treatment in Ottawa-Carleton, provIded by I'HopItal Montfort and the Royal
Ottawa Hospital." A further paragraph elaborates the meaning of specialty care It reads
as follows.
"Specialty Care" (referred to prevIOusly as Tertiary Care) mvolves the
proviSIOn of diagnostic and therapeutic health care through highly
specialIzed programs that require skIlled professionals. ThIS level of care
is usually associated with technIques or procedures that need to be
centralIzed wIthin a regional or sub-regIOnal area by reason of limIted
volume, lImIted skills or extraordmary cost of servIces. ThIS care always
reqUIred referral from mtensIve level sources. In mental health, speCialty
care is proVIded to persons wIth serious, complex, and/or rare mental
disorders who, by reason of specialIzed staff or facilIty needs, cannot be
managed by the resources avaIlable at the frontlme or intenSIve levels of
care. SpeCialty mental health care mcludes special mtensive acute care
assessment and short term treatment programs and both short term
(episodIC) and long term rehabilitative care for severe chrOnIC cases. It
excludes long term care that does not requIre dally access to speCial
clmIcal resources that are available only withm the specialty care
programs. It mcludes outpatient, outreach and consultative servIces.
SpeCIalty care programs are almost always affilIated with UnIversity health
SCIences centres
The new trends of care delIvery m a specialIzed, longer-term psychiatrIc
hospItal use a treatment approach that mcludes a range of speCIalIzed
mterventions to achieve a change in severe dysfunctional behavIOurs.
These cntIcal interventions are Implemented wIthm a psychosocIal
rehabilitation milieu.
Also tabled m eVIdence IS an emaIl whIch quotes a notice addressed to all
phYSICIans who refer patients to the Royal Ottawa HospItal. That communIcation, dated
February 19,2000 states, in part:
In accordance WIth the dIrective of the Health ServIces Restructurmg
CommIssion, The Royal Ottawa HospItal (ROH) has begun ItS conversIOn
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as the RegIOn's major provIder of acute and general psychIatnc servIces to
that of a specialIzed, tertiary mental health care facility
The record mdIcates that, contemporaneous with the restructuring drrectIves, was
the Employer's own perceptIOn of Itself as an mstitutIOn mdependently evolvmg mto a
"center of excellence" A report prepared on August 20, 2001 IS entItled "Becommg a
Center of Excellence" It speaks to the new agenda whereby the ROH would" strIve to
be a centre of excellence m tertiary and specialIzed clmIcal treatment, research and
education by ensurmg the promotIOn of a "best practIce" envrronment. in research m
the causes, treatments and preventIOn of mental Illness [sparked by] activities m our
InstItute For Mental Health Research and m partnershIp with academic mstItutIons m the
private sector" The Employer's 200212003 HospItal Busmess Planning Brief likewIse
speaks to the shift m emphasIs whereby the HospItal strives to become a center of
excellence, notmg m part that m accordance wIth the HSRC report, the ROH IS to provIde
specIalty longer term mental health and forensIc services, while retainmg 8 cnSIS beds
and ongomg responsibilIty for the AddIctIons Program. A further document entItled
"The Redevelopment ofthe Royal Ottawa Hospital", updated September 15th, 2003
contams, m part, the followmg statement:
The ROH, once an acute care hospital IS now a specIalIzed tertiary
mental health care facility
Among the employees who receIved notices of layoff on October 16, 2002 there
were psychometrIsts, recreatIOnal therapIsts, psychologIcal associates, socIal workers,
addictions counselors and occupatIOnal therapIsts. The fundamental posItion argued by
counsel for the Umon IS that the layoffs which are the subject OfthIS grIevance were m
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fact occasIOned by the ShIft in the Employer's mandate from the HSRC to become a
speciahzed or tertIary mental health care facility She submIts that the staffmg decIsions
which led to the layoff notices of October 16, 2002 were a direct result of those
adjustments, and that under the terms of the Human Resources Labour Adjustment Plan,
the employees adversely affected are entitled to the enhanced severance protectIons m
that Plan. She argues that the HSRC directions towards specializatIOn resulted m
significant staffing decIsIons bemg made m five areas m the HospItal. First she addresses
the Substance Abuse and Concurrent DIsorders Program, noting that the evidence
estabhshes that the Hospital changed Its admIssIon cntena m the area of addIctions
treatment Whereas previously a person who was an "ordmary" alcohohc wIth no other
comphcatmg mental conditIOn would be aillmtted, after the implementatIOn of the HSRC
recommendation the Hospital adjusted ItS addICtions program to treat only persons who
suffer substance abuse and also have other concurrent dIsorders.
The eVIdence of Ms. Ehzabeth Hall, an addIctIOns counselor at the HospItal's
Meadow Creek faCIlity since 1990, speaks to the change m the addIctions program. With
the advent ofthe more specIahzed role of the Employer, she explams that the facihty has
now shIfted its emphasIs to treatmg only those who have suffered from substance abuse
along WIth a concurrent disorder, for example a phYSIcal problem which mIght mterfere
with their recovery or a DSM Axis I major mental illness, or possibly a DSM Axis II
personahty disorder She relates that the patients now seen are more typically m later
stages and m a more severe condItion than would have been treated m the past
Accordmg to her eVIdence the typIcal chent from the 1990 era would no longer be
admitted to the Meadow Creek facihty, and would simply be referred to a private
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counselor or to an orgamsm such as AlcoholIcs Anonymous. According to her eVIdence,
in 1996 and 1997 the complement of employees at Meadow Creek mcluded one social
worker, six addictions counselors on days and evenmgs WIth one additional addictions
counselor on mghts. There were, m addItion, 0.8 full time equivalent casual addIctIOn
counselors working weekends as well as one regIstered nurse on days and one full tune
recreologIst. Followmg the HSRC restructuring directives of 1997 and 1998, the facilIty
was adjusted to one socIal worker and six addiction counselors on days. The mght
addictions counselor IS now replaced by a registered practIcal nurse who IS from another
bargammg umt. A position of one semor addictions counselor has been removed and, m
addition to the regIstered nurse workmg on days, an RPN works mghts mstead of an
addictions counselor
Ms. Hall's testunony also discloses that the Assessment StabIlIzatIOn Umt at the
ROH campus, also referred as the "detox unit", was adjusted. She relates that two full-
time addIctions counselors received layoff notices and were compelled to exerCIse theIr
seniOrIty to bump mto other positions. After the removal of two addIctions counselors m
the ASU, a regIstered nurse was hIred, m her VIew, to deal WIth the greater complexIty of
clIents bemg handled.
Counsel for the Umon points to the partIcular circumstances of addIctions
counselor Ken Sparling. In October 2002 he received a notice of layoff from his position
in the ASU He was then offered a severance package which mcluded two weeks' pay
for every year of servIce, a total of twenty-two weeks. Accordmg to Mr Sparlmg's
evidence he declmed It, although he would have accepted a severance package Ifhe had
been gIven the enhanced benefit of three weeks for every year of servIce m addItion to a
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fifteen hundred dollar payment, which would have been his entitlement under the Human
Resources Labour Adjustment Plan.
Mr Sparlmg confirms the eVIdence of Ms. Hall to the effect that the patient load
has become more complex, presumably m hIS case referrmg to the ASU He relates that
over time, and m partIcular around the year 2002, the patient mix began to mclude some
persons wIth senous concurrent dIsorders, a development which Mr Sparlmg described
as addmg stress to the Job
Counsel for the Union submits that the evidence confirms that the directive of the
HSRC, mandatmg greater sophIstication m the Employer services, resultmg m the change
m admIsSIons cntena to mclude concurrent dIsorders in the substance abuse program,
caused the layoff of 2 addIctions counselors and the hrring of an RN Counsel maintams
that in that circumstance one employee, Mr Ken Sparlmg was ill fact adversely affected
and was offered the mcorrect retrrement package. Although he retrred later, counsel
submIts that he should be entitled to the enhanced value of the separatIOn provisions of
the Human Resources Labour Adjustment Plan.
The second aspect of layoffs whIch contributed to the grIevance IS the adjustment
to the AnxIety Program. In that program a psychologICal aSSOCIate received notIce of
layoff. The incumbent ill that posItion, Local Union preSIdent Marlene Rlvier, was in
fact replaced by a psychologist. That is to say a person with a master's degree was
replaced by one wIth a doctoral degree Counsel for the UnIOn submIts that that decision
was made ill furtherance ofthe speCIalIzation mandate handed down by the HSRC As It
happens Ms. RivIer was able to displace another employee, MaggIe Letterman. Ms.
Letterman elected early retrrement m accordance wIth the terms of a letter of
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understandmg made on March 17,2003 No further claIm IS therefore made on her
behalf or on behalf of Ms. RIvIer It furthers appears, m accordance wIth Ms. RIvIer's
testnnony, that two regIstered nurses m the AnxIety Program also receIved layoff notices,
albeIt in another bargammg umt. Ms. RIvier also stated her belIef that the department
added to ItS manpower qualIficatIOn by the hiring of an addItIonal psychologist as well as
an RN WIth a master's degree in psychology
The third area exammed by counsel for the Umon IS the Mood Disorders
Program. As noted in the evidence of Ms. RivIer, as with the Anxiety Disorders
Program, and to some extent the Substance Abuse and Concurrent DIsorders Program,
the pattern of manpower adjustment reflects the layoff of staff at the lower end and their
replacement wIth more highly educated and more hIghly qualIfied persons. The eVIdence
establIshes that in the Mood Disorders Program one psychometrist was laid off. As she
was at her maximum of 52 weeks as severance entitlement, her only clann IS for the
fifteen hundred dollar lump sump payment. Counsel pomts, however, to the fact that m
the Mood Disorders Program the ratio of master's qualified persons, such as
psychometrIsts, to doctorate qualified persons, such as psychologIsts, shifted from 1 0 to
25 before the changes to the functIonal plan projection of 44 to 5.55 It also appears that
a recreatIonal therapIst was gIven layoff notIce m the Mood DIsorders Program. Havmg
been placed elsewhere, that employee has not been considered as adversely affected.
The fourth area addressed IS a five storey bmldmg dedicated to general psychIatry
servIces, referred to as "WhItney", where It appears that two notIces of layoff were gIven,
one on WhItney 5 and the other on WhItney 4 In the end, the elImmatIOn of a smgle
position of semor occupatIonal therapIst resulted m a layoff. The mcumbent m that
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posItion, Godwin IfedIa, took early retirement. The Umon claIms that had the Plan
apphed, that employee would have receIved fourteen more weeks of severance in
addItion to the fifteen hundred dollar benefit.
In the fifth and fmal area of concern, counsel for the Umon submits that three
persons were adversely affected by the adjustments m the PedIatncs Program. Social
worker Gale Cosgrove, speech and language therapIst Margery Button and psychometnst
Ann-Mane BourgeOIS all receIved notices of layoff and all three left the servIce of the
employer Counsel for the Umon stresses that the notices of layoff m pediatrics were the
consequence of the HSRC dIrective to transfer the under 16 program to the Children's
HospItal of Eastern Ontario Under the Plan, Ms. Cosgrove would have been entitled to a
further fifteen hundred dollar payment, whIle Ms. Button and Ms. BourgeOIS would
receIve sIxteen weeks and eIghteen weeks, respectively, in addition to the fifteen hundred
dollar payment. It does not, however, appear dIsputed that all three ofthose mdIvIduals
receIved notice that theIr layoffs have been rescmded. The notice of October 16, 2002,
advIsed them that they would be laId off effective March 16, 2003 In fact on February
27,2003 they were notified that their layoffwas rescmded. As noted above, however, all
three chose nevertheless to leave the employment of the Hospital.
The Employer adduced eVIdence which It submits sustams ItS case It maintams
that the layoff notices of October 16, 2002, were in no way prompted by any
amalgamation or transfer of servIces such as to attract the hIgher benefits of the Human
Resources Labour Adjustment Plan. It argues that the layoff notices were occasIOned by
senous budgetary constramts whIch compelled the Employer to make corresponding
manpower adjustments at the time. Accordmg to its counsel, it IS only when addItional
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fundmg was forthcommg from the Province that the Employer was able to rescmd a
substantial number of the layoff notices. The facts, accordmg to the Employer, do not
trigger the apphcatIOn of the Human Resources Labour Adjustment Plan.
The HospItal's eVIdence was gIven prmcIpally through RIta Notarandrea, the
Chief Operating Officer at the Carlmg A venue Campus of the Royal Ottawa HospItal.
She was directly involved m the deCISIons respecting the layoff notices issued in October
of 2002.
Ms. Notarandrea states that before 1996 the Royal Ottawa Hospital functIOned as
an acute care specialty hospItal m the area of mental health. The average length of stay
for a patIent was 14 days. As an acute care specialty hospItal, ROH was able to prOVIde
speCialty programs by reason of its own body of treatmg experts, WIth diagnostic
expertIse in mood disorders, schizophrenia and forensics. She explams that the Hospital
contmues to mamtam all of those functions. The Employer's WItness states, however,
that WIth the advent of changes the RehabihtatIon Centre, preVIously in the ROH, was
transferred to the Ottawa Hospital, thereby removmg the Employer's involvement in
longer term emergency servIces. She notes that addItionally the Employer asswned the
management of the Brockville PSYChiatrIC Hospital. Ms. Notarandrea explams that the
move of the emergency servIces came after the HRSC directives, but was not done m
consequence of those directives. Rather, she explains, it was a matter a oflocal
management deciSIOn saId to have ongmated with psychiatrIsts in the teachmg faculty at
the UmversIty of Ottawa.
She also relates that an arrangement was pursued whereby the ChIldren's HospItal
of Eastern OntarIO would, as of 1997, handle all children under the age of 16 while the
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Royal Ottawa HospItal would deal wIth cases of patients over 15 That adjustment
involved the transfer of eIght chIld care beds to CHEO, leavmg eight child care beds wIth
the Employer In fact the actual transfer of beds occurred m September of2003 It does
not appear dIsputed that staff was transferred with the work at that time, and the Human
Resources Labour Adjustment Plan was duly applIed, as was the case wIth the transfer of
the Rehab Centre According to Ms. Notorandrea, the ROH has not yet received the
longer term beds WhICh are planned for, beds whIch currently are still located in the
Brockville PsychiatrIc Hospital.
To explam the ShIft in mental health care servIces mandated by the Provmce of
OntarIO the Employer's witness refers the ArbItrator to a provincial government
document entitled "Making it Happen" It appears that that document IS based on a
general trend towards moving away from m-patIent beds to community based servIces. It
describes three levels of care pnmary care, generally being at the level of a family
phYSICIan, mtenslve or acute care, at the level of a psychIatrIc department of a general
hospItal and, finally, speCIalIZed long term care whIch refers to the care to be obtained
from a speCIalized or tertiary psychIatrIc hospItaL She acknowledges that the move of
the ROH towards becoming a speCIalIzed psychIatrIc mstitution IS conSIstent WIth the
mandate gIven to the Employer by the HSRC She stresses, however, that "We are not
there yet"
Ms. Notorandrea explains that concurrently WIth the HospItal's new mandate,
but entIrely mdependent of It, the deCISIon was made to convert the Employer's facilIty
into a "Center of Excellence" ThIS was conSIstent WIth the HospItal's already eXlstmg
relationship with the Umverslty of Ottawa as a teachmg hospItal and was manifested
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princIpally by a deliberate strategy to enhance the level of expertise and the qualificatIOns
of staff for the ROH to become a noted leader m specialty care in mental health and long
term psychiatrIc care
Ms. Notorandrea distingUIshes between the transfer of beds from the Royal
Ottawa HospItal to the Children's Hospital of Eastern OntarIo and the planned transfer of
beds from Brockville Psychiatric Hospital to the ROH. She notes that when the actual
bed transfer occurred WIth respect to CHEO in September of2003, the Human Resources
Labour Adjustment Plan was duly applied. In contrast, she notes, the ROH has not yet
receIved the projected transfer of long term beds from the Brockville PsychIatric
HOSpItal, and correspondently there has not yet been any reason to apply the Human
Resources Labour Adjustment Plan in that regard. In her VIew the HSRC directives are
based on bed numbers and the movement of beds from one mstItution to another, while
the plans ofthe ROH for enhancing the qualIty of ItS own servIces go beyond mere bed
numbers.
She stresses that the move towards bemg a "centre for excellence" is somethmg
beyond the mandate of the HSRC, which deals WIth the amalgamation and consolIdatIOn
of bed locatIons m the varIOUS hospitals affected. She further emphasizes that the
deCISIons concerning the layoffs m 2002 were predIcated on what was then an
accumulated deficit of some 9 million dollars, a significant constraint which compelled
senous deCISIons WIth respect to staffing. She also notes that when addItIonal funding
dId come, mItially m the amount of some 3 mIllion dollars, the layoffs were rescmded for
WhItney 4, a General Psychology ward. Although some 2/3 of the layoff notIces were
revoked, the remainmg layoff notIces affectmg the Psycho-sOCIal RehabilitatIon Program
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on WhItney 5 and the Mood, Anxiety and Substance Abuse and Concurrent DIsorder
programs remamed in place Subsequently, on March 6, 2003, the layoff notIces for
WhItney 5, covermg some nine full-tIme and three part-tIme staffwere revoked. As a
result, ultimately, the layoffs remaining scheduled for March 16, 2003 affected SIX full-
time and two part-time staff.
Counsel for the Umon argues that the Union's positIOn should succeed based on
the application ArtIcle 301 of the Human Resources Labour Adjustment Plan for
Ottawa-Carleton. It reads as follows.
Where the Health ServIces Restructuring CommiSSIOn has not specIfically
ordered a transfer of program and/or servIce, but the result IS the same,
e.g. movement of Traumatic Bram Injury from Sisters of Chanty HOSpItal
to the Rehab Centre, and movement of pSYChiatrIC beds from Royal
Ottawa Health Care Group to other SItes, that movement wIll be
conSIdered as a program transfer
In essence, counsel for the Umon submIts that when the HSRC directed the Royal
Ottawa HospItal to ShIft ItS mandate to become a specialIzed or tertiary mental health
facility, any consequences of that change became a "result" withm the meaning of article
3 01 of the Plan. In other words, counsel submIts, Ifthe HSRC has dIrected the Employer
to change ItS mandate, and that change has had negatIve effects on employees through
consequent staffmg changes, the deCISIon is one whIch falls WIthin the scope and
protectIOn of the Human Resources Labour Adjustment Plan. In that circumstance,
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employees affected by the change are entitled to the enhanced severance protection found
within the Plan.
Accordmg to counsel the dIrectives of the HSRC rmpacted five areas of
the Hospital's operations. Firstly, the Substance Abuse and Concurrent DIsorder
Program saw layoff notIces Issued to two addIctions counselors and the hIrmg of an RN
because of greater complexIty in patIent needs. That, she argues, is a direct result of the
enhanced mandate of the ROH as a specialty or tertIary care mstitutlOn. In that context
she notes that Mr Sparling should therefore be entitled to the benefits ofthe Plan.
Secondly she notes that wIthm the Anxiety Program a psychologIcal aSSOCIate
receIved a notice of layoff to be replaced by a psychologist, a more highly qualified
indIVIdual. Counsel submIts that because that decisIon was m furtherance of the greater
speCIalIzation mandated by the HSRC, the mdivIdual ultimately displaced, Ms. MaggIe
Letterman, should have the benefit of the Plan. ThIrdly, m Mood DIsorder, where one
psychometnst was laId off, and fourthly in WhItney-General Psychiatry, where an
occupational therapist took early retirement, the Plan should also have applied. As her
fifth example, Counsel pomts to the PedIatncs where three mdIviduals, a SOCIal worker, a
speech therapist and a psychometnst all left theIr employment after they received notIces
of layoff. Counsel submIts that those notices were a consequence of the HSRC directive
to move the under 16 program to CHEO Counsel acknowledges that in respect of the
one person laId off from WhItney 4 and the others laid off from PedIatncs, the notices of
layoff were all rescinded. She nevertheless submIts that as all of the employees m fact
left, they should be entItled to the benefit of the Plan.
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With respect to the Addictions Program, counsel emphasizes the eVIdence of Ms.
ElIZabeth Hall, to the effect that at one tIme "ordmary" alcoholIcs with no further
complIcatmg illnesses or condItIOns were treated m the addIctions program. Now such
patIents are referred to community agenCIes or organisms such as AlcoholIcs Anonymous
for their care. She submIts that her eVIdence establIshes that m fact Jobs were changed
and reduced by reason of the directIves of the HSRC to offer only the higher and more
specialized program of services for patients wIth problems of addIction and substance
abuse She submits that there has, m effect, been a transfer of services from the HospItal
to the communIty and pnvate physICIanS by the implementatIOn of the dIrectIves of the
HSRC, a circumstance which she submIts falls squarely wlthm the scope artIcle 3 01 of
the Human Resources Labour Adjustment Plan. She pomts the Arbitrator to the evidence
which expressly referrers to changmg the staff mix in a plan document issued by the
Employer on June 25, 2002 In her submIssIOn the addItIon of an RN pOSItIon at Meadow
Creek can only be explamed by the HSRC mandate to move to a greater speCIalIzatIOn.
The same, she submits, IS apparent from the upgradmg of pOSItions in the AnxIety
Program and the Mood Program. She likeWIse submIts that the move away from general
psychIatry towards becoming a tertIary care hospItal would be conSIstent with the
elImmation of the pOSItion on WhItney 4
Counsel for the Union maintams that the layoffs were not, as the Employer
suggests, prompted only by budgetary constramts. Moreover, she argues, even If the
ArbItrator should fmd that budgetary and manpower cuts had to be made, the chOIce of
pOSItIons whIch were elIminated was matenally driven by the ShIftS m the Hospital's
18
servIce mandate, thereby brmgmg the process wIthm article 3 01 of the Human Resources
Labour Adjustment Plan for Ottawa-Carleton.
Counsel for the Employer argues a dIstmctly different VIew He stresses that the
HSRC directives were Issued m 1997 and 1998, some four years before the layoff
notices. He maintams that the hIghlIght ofthose directives mvolved the ROH talong over
the management of Brockville Psychiatric Hospital, and the eventual closure of
Brockville and the transfer of beds from Brockville PSYChiatrIC HospItal to the ROH. He
stresses that nothmg has happened WIth respect to that proposed initiative. He notes that
no beds were transferred into or out of the Royal Ottawa HospItal up to March of 2003,
the effective date of the layoffs.
Counsel next addresses the dIrective of the HSRC mandatmg that the Royal
Ottawa HospItal serve as a regIOnal referral centre for longer term mental care and also to
prOVIde acute and long term servIces based on a total of 160 beds. That count breaks
down as follows 8 acute care CrISIS beds, 109 longer term beds (to be transferred from
BrockvIlle Psychiatric HospItal) and 15 forenSICS beds, also to be transferred from the
Brockville PsychIatrIC HospItal. That total of 132 beds would, when added to the 28
forenSIC beds at the ROH, ultimately reach a total of 160 Counsel stresses that none of
the beds to be transferred from the Brockville PSYChiatrIC Hospital have yet materialized.
Counsel submits that the directives of the HSRC do not speak to the Addictions and
Concurrent DIsorders Program (24 beds) or four youth beds WhICh, when added to the
160 beds, ultrmately account for the projected total of 188
What the dIrectives do, accordmg to counsel, IS speak to the transfer of the
RehabilItation Center, something done in February of2002. He notes that paragraph 10
19
of the directives reqUITes the Royal Ottawa HospItal and other participatmg hospItals and
UnIons to develop the Human Resource Labour Adjustment Plan for Ottawa-Carleton. In
that context, he submits, it would reqUITe clear and uneqUlvocallanguage to establIsh that
the Plan could be said to address any decision or mItIative, including its consequences,
taken outSIde the scope of the directIves of the HSRC
Counsel submits that there IS no evidence that there has been any change in the
nature of the beds currently existmg at the Royal Ottawa Hospital Health Care Group,
and that none of ItS beds has yet become a longer term bed as directed by the
CommissIOn. He stresses the language of ArtIcle 101, under the heading "purposes" of
the Plan whIch expressly states that its objective IS to " address the Impact of the
restructuring on the Hospitals and union-related employees." Counsel mamtains that the
concept of "transfer" of beds or servIces or employees IS at the heart of what the Plan IS
about and that the eVIdence must dIsclose the partIcipatIOn of at least two hospItals to
demonstrate there has been either an amalgamation or a program transfer WIthin the
meanmg of the Plan.
In his submIsSIon, the notion of a deemed transfer or movement contemplated
under ArtIcle 3 01 must, nevertheless, mvolve some movement of a program or service
from one hospital to another He submits that nowhere can It be seen that the movement
of a program or service from one hospItal to another has occasioned the layoffs which are
the subject of thIS grIevance Nor, he argues, can the notion of a movement withm the
same hospItal trIgger the protections of the Plan. He emphasizes that the evidence does
not dIsclose the movement of any work, servIces or employees on the one hand, or of any
hospItal beds on the other hand. He further argues that even If it can be saId that there
20
has been a dIrective from the HSRC mandatmg a greater specialty, the means by whIch
the Royal Ottawa HospItal might move towards that kInd of specIalized work is not
somethmg which falls wIthin the Human Resources Labour Adjustment Plan.
Counsel argues that the language of the Plan Itself amply supports the HospItal's
posItIOn. He pomts, for example, to ArtIcle 4 01 of the Plan WhICh speaks to "the
receIving or resultant hospital" AddItionally he underscores ArtIcle 4 06 (a) WhICh
speaks of" any movement of employees or work" Like wise he notes sub paragraph C
WhICh speaks of" the resulting program" and the rIghts of "each employee wIthm the
transferrmg servIces or program"
Counsel for the HospItal mamtams that nothing in the Plan purports to deal wIth
what he describes as any general layoff scenarIO He also notes that the provIsIons of
Article 10 0 (g) of the Plan specIfically prohibit an Arbitrator from addmg to, modIfying
or deletmg any part of the Plan or the applIcable collective agreements. Counsel for the
Hospital stresses that, as the Umon would have It, the dIrective of the HSRC to make the
Royal Ottawa Health Care Group into a specialty hospital would bring any changes
related to that mandate under the Human Resources Labour Adjustment Plan, a positIOn
strenuously dIsputed by the Hospital. He notes that there IS a dIstmction between
specIalIzed or longer term care and specialty programs. The latter flow not from the
mandate of the Commission towards specialized care, but from the HospItal's own
deCISIon to move in the dIrection of becommg a centre of excellence
Counsel emphasizes the evidence WhICh he says confirms that the proxnnate
cause of the layoff notices WhICh Issued m October of2002 was the cumulative defiCIt
faced by the Employer at that time He notes the data tabled in eVIdence WhICh mdIcate
21
that the ROH Health Care Group faced a total projected deficIt of some 9 037 million
dollars. It is m that context that the 70 layoff notIces were Issued m October of 2002, and
not by reason of any directIve of the HSRC or the implementatIon of any amalgamatIOn
or transfer of services. Although that monetary shortfall was largely made up, albeIt not
completely, by subsequent fundmg, the fact remams that SIX full-time and two part-tune
employees were nevertheless laId offby reason of what the Hospital then VIewed as its
critIcal budgetary exigenCIes.
With respect to the claun ofMr Sparling, counsel reiterates that nothing in the
HSRC dIrectIves mandated any change m the HospItal's AddictIon Program. He
mamtams that if a counselor was laid off from the Meadow Creek facilIty and an RN was
hired, that was merely consIstent with the mcreased clinical needs of the patients who are
seen there. He submIts that the employment of a psychologIst rather than a psychometrist
m the Mood Program was an adjustment towards greater effiCIency Finally, counsel
asks that If the 70 layoff notIces Issued m 2002 were all the consequence of the HSRC
directIves, why were the great bulk of them rescmded when a subsequent correctIOn m
fundmg was forthcoming? He argues that It seems ObVIOUS that the dIrectives of the
ComrrnSSIOn and the consequences of them cannot be rescinded. The fact that events
unfolded as they did is entIrely consistent with the HospItal's pOSItIon that nothmg in
these layoff notices was prompted by the HSRC directives. On that baSIS he maintains
that the grievance should be dIsmissed.
I turn to consider the competing pOSItIOns of the parties. WhIle the eVIdence is
extenSIve and relatIvely complex, the Issue becomes relatively narrow, to the extent that
it boils down to the applicatIon of ArtIcle 3 01 of the Human Resources Labour
22
Adjustment Plan for Ottawa-Carleton. Were the layoffs which are the subject of these
grIevances negative consequences of the drrectIves of the Health Services Restructuring
CommIssIon, issued m 1997 and 1998, or were they, as the HospItal mamtams, entrrely
related to the budgetary constraints and upgrading the qualIty of staff in furtherance of
the Employer becommg a center of excellence in specialIZed mental health care?
It IS not dIsputed that there were no amalgamatIons or program transfers
whIch drrectly or mdrrectly gave nse to the layoffs whIch are the subject ofthis dIspute.
The Issue, it IS agreed, is whether what has occurred IS a "result" whIch IS the same as a
transfer of a program or service, even though none has been ordered by the Health
ServIces Restructunng CommISSIon. In the ArbItrator's VIew, the language of ArtIcle
3 01 of the Plan cannot be mterpreted in a way abstracted from other provIsions of the
Plan, and most particularly ArtIcle 1, which describes ItS purpose
At the outset, and with the greatest respect, I am compelled to comment that
Article 3 01 of the Plan IS less than a model of clear syntax and fortunate drafting. At
frrst blush a reader might be compelled to agree WIth the approach of counsel for the
HospItal to the effect that the emphasis wIthm ArtIcle 3 01 is upon "movement" as
constItuting a deemed program transfer The difficulty, however, IS that all reference to
the movement of servIces or beds is found only wIthm an example followmg the
designation "e g." Therefore it becomes less than clear whether the language that
appears there is less than exhaustIve, and that other examples not involvmg movement
might also operate. Certamly, the pOSItIon of the HospItal would be stronger ifthe
authors had used the designation "I.e " (that IS) rather then "e.g." (for example) It is for
that reason that the ArbItrator deems it important to draw more broadly on the language
23
of the Plan, and m partIcular to examine closely the language of Article 1 concemmg Its
purpose In that regard I consIder the language of ArtIcle 1 02 to be sIgnIficant. It bears
repeating.
The partIes are determmed to mmImlZe the adverse Impact of
restructurmg on employees by developmg a plan that deals WIth human
resources issues common to all Hospitals.
Srmilarly, artIcle 1 01 speaks to "the Impact of the restructurmg on the HospItals
and Umon-related employees" In my VIew these proVIsIons mdIcate that It IS not
necessanly the movement or the transfer of work, servIces or beds whIch is at the heart of
the matter Rather, It IS the overarching concept of "restructuring" which triggers the
protectIve provisions of the Plan. By any lOgIC, restructurmg does not of itself
necessarily mean that there must be movement between two mstItutIOns. For example,
the elimmatIon of a program wIthm a hospital and its replacement by nothing, whether m
that hospItal or any other hospItal, would constItute a form of restructurmg. If the words
of the Plan are to be read in a relatIvely liberal and remedial way, consIstent WIth the
overall mtentIon of the document, It IS dIfficult for an arbItrator to come to the conclUSIOn
that only the movement of servIces, programs or beds resulting in negatIve rmpacts on
employees will give rise to the protections of the Plan.
That IS not to say, obVIOusly, that every adjustment WIthin a hospital, or transfer
of servIces wIthm and among ItS own departments, would constitute restructurmg so as to
invoke the protectIOns of the Plan. On the contrary, for the protectIOns of the Plan to
apply the Umon must estabhsh that there has been some form of change or restructurmg
24
whIch flows clearly and dIrectly from the dIrectives of the Health Services Restructuring
COlmmssIOn, and secondly that those changes have an adverse effect on the employee
who would avail hllTIself or herself of the enhanced severance provisions of the Plan.
When the second of these requIrements IS consIdered, namely that there must be
some adverse Impact, the ArbItrator has considerable difficulty wIth the position of the
Umon as regards the layoff notices whIch were m fact rescmded before the date they
were to be Implemented. Accepting, for the sake of analysIs, that the notices whIch
Issued to one occupational therapIst on WhItney 4, and to three employees in PedIatrics
on October 16,2002, to take effect on March 16,2003, fell under the Plan and were all
rescmded effective February 25 to 27, 2003, on what basIs can it be said that the persons
who receIved those notices of layoff were adversely affected in any way? The fact that
they may have opted to leave theIr employment and not to accept to return when It
became clear, well m advance of March 16,2003, that they were not bemg laId off does
not change the essence of what occurred. What occurred IS that they did not lose theIr
Jobs, and were not adversely affected by the layoff notices, even If It could be concluded
that those layoff notIces would fall under the protective provisIOns of the Human
Resources Labour Adjustment Plan. As regards those mdIvIduals, therefore, the
grievance clearly cannot succeed.
DIfferent considerations come to bear, however, with respect to the employees
who receIved layoff notices who were workmg in the Substance Abuse and Concurrent
Disorders Program, the AnxIety Program and m the Mood DIsorders Program. In dealmg
with the CIrcumstances of those mdividuals, for practical purposes three employees, great
care must be taken wIth what transpIred. Firstly, gIVen the contemporaneous hIring
25
whIch occurred, It IS not clear that theIr layoffs were forced by a declSlon to realIZe
savmgs m wages.
In the case of the Substance Abuse and Concurrence DIsorders Program an
addIctions counselor, Mr Ken Sparlmg, was removed from employment notwithstanding
that an RN was hIred to brmg greater expertise to bear m the clmIcal needs of the
program, gIven the greater complexIty of the patients being treated. I am satisfied on the
basis of the eVIdence before me that what occurred was in response to the gradual ShIft of
focus in patient care within the Substance Abuse and Concurrent Disorders Program,
away from what mIght have been the more srmple garden varIety treatment of substance
abuse patIents m the mId 1990' s to what has emerged as the more specIalIzed care and
treatment now being provIded. Presently, the program addresses the needs only of
persons suffering addictIOns or substance abuse problems who also have other
complIcatmg medIcal or pSYChiatrIC condItIons. That, m my VIew, IS clearly m dIrect
response to the mandate gIven to the Royal Ottawa HospItal Health Care Group to be a
longer term chronic care or tertiary care specialized instItutIOn.
While the Arbitrator does not doubt the smcerity of the Employer's own mtemal
declSlons and mItIatlVes to move towards becommg a center of excellence, in part by
upgradmg staff, I fmd it dIfficult, If not impossible, to separate that miSSIOn from the
obviously higher mission of specialized and tertIary care given to the Hospital through
the mandate of the Health ServIces Restructurmg CommIssion. In my VIew the two
elements, provIdmg more specialIzed servIce and upgrading the qualIficatIon of staff, are
virtually inseparable parts of restructurmg, vIewed on an overall program baSIS. I am
therefore compelled to accept the pOSItIOn of the Umon as regards the layoff notIce whIch
26
issued to Mr Sparling m respect of the restructurmg which took place wIthin the overall
system. His layoff flows directly from the mandate of specIahzatIOn whereby hospItal
services are provIded wIthin Ottawa-Carleton to persons with problems of substance
abuse, and in partIcular substance abuse compounded by other complicatmg phYSIcal or
psychiatric condItions. The fact IS that patients who would prevIously have been seen in
the Substance Abuse Department of the Royal Ottawa HospItal have been effectively
downloaded onto other commumty servIces and family doctors or clmIcs. The resulting
upgrade of the level and sophistication of care within the program of the Employer must,
ill the end, be seen as a flowillg from the restructurillg mandate given to It by the
CommISSIon. ThIS constitutes a "result IS the same" SItuation, as contemplated by artIcle
3 01 of the Plan.
After considerable reflectIOn, I come to the same conclusIOn as regards the layoff
and replacement of employees ill the Anxiety Program and the Mood DIsorders Program.
In the fIrst, a psychologIcal aSSOCIate was laId off and replaced by a psychologIst, whIch
resulted ill the displacement of the incumbent, Marlene RlVier, and the ultimate layoff of
another employee, MaggIe Letterman. SimIlarly, ill Mood DIsorders, a psychometnst
was laId off to be replaced by a psychologist. In both CIrcumstances the result was an
upgrading of the Hospital's manpower qualifIcations WhICh, m my VIew, flowed dIrectly
from the mandate given to the HospItal by the Health ServIces Restructunng
CommIssIon. These changes are a proximate consequence of its dIrective to the ROH
Health Care Group that It become the purveyor of more speciahzed longer term care, ill
the role of a tertIary mental health institution. These are, in my VIew, mstances of
"restructuring" WIthin the contemplatIOn of ArtIcle 1 02 of the Human Resources Labour
27
Adjustment Plan and they do amount to similar impact events of negatIve consequence as
enviSIoned under ArtIcle 301 of the Plan. With the greatest respect, and appreclatmg
that the pOSItIOn of the HospItal has been put forward m the best of good faith, the
internal decision of the Employer to become a center of excellence does not change the
essence of what has transprred WIth respect to these layoffs. I am satIsfied, on the
balance of probabilItIes, that these layoffs and manpower adjustments are fundamentally
and primarily m furtherance of the restructurmg directIves Issued to the Hospital by the
Health ServIces Restructuring Commission.
In the result, the grIevance must be allowed, in part. As noted above, those parts
of the grIevance relatmg to the layoffs whIch were rescmded are dIsmIssed. Those parts
of the grIevance respectmg the layoff notice issued to Mr Ken Sparlmg in the Substance
Abuse and Concurrent DIsorders Program, as well as to Maggie Letterman as a result of
the dIsplacement of Marlene RIvIer in the AnxIety Program and Ms. Asha Bhatnaggar of
the Mood DIsorders Program all come wIthm the proVISIOns of the Human Resources
Labour Adjustment Plan, with the resultmg entItlement of the affected employees to the
enhanced severance of benefits which It prOVIdes.
As agreed at the hearing, the Arbitrator makes no speCIfic directions with respect
to amounts of wages and benefits to be paid, and retams JUrIsdICtion in the event that the
parties should be unable to agree with respect to those issues.
Dated at Ottawa thIS 7th day of March, 2006
/ .~,~
Michel G Picher, ArbItrator