HomeMy WebLinkAbout1990-0226.Lake.91-07-24
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, . ';;';'1 ONTARIO EMPLOYES DE LA COURONNE
: CROWN EMPLOYEêS DEL 'ONTARIO
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- ~ - ":' GRIEVANCE CpMMISSION DE
1111 SETTL.EMENT REGlEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS
180 DUNDAS STREIT WEST, SUITE 2100, TORONTO, ONTARIO. MSQ IZS TELEPHONf;ITÉLEPHON£: (416) 325-1388
180, RUe DUNDAS OUEST, BUREAU 2100, TORONTO (ONTARIO). MSG IZ8 FACSIMfLf;tTÉUÉCOPlf; : (416) 326- r396
226/90
IN THE HATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
TliB GRIEVANCB SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
OPSEU (Lake)
Grievor
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Health)
Employer
BEFORE: w. Kaplan Vice-Chairperson
I. Thomson Member
A. Stapleton Member
FOR THE R. Healey
. GRIEVOR Counsel
Gowling, Strathy & Henderson
Barristers & Solicitors
FOR THE S. McDermott
EMPLOYER Counsel
HickS, Morley, Hamilton, stewart & storie
Barristers & Solicitors
FOR THE John Simpson
INCUMBENT Barrister & Solicitor
HEARING NovelJÙ:)er 29, 1990
June 24, 1991
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were generally .equal in skill and ability, the Board should find
that the employer properly took into account employment equity
considerations in awarding the position to the incumbent. Mr.
stirling is disabled as a result of a brain injury suffered as a
child affecting his small motor skills. His disability precludes
him from using knives in the work place. It was the employer's
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submission that even if the Board found that the grievor and the
incumbent were relatively equal, notwithstanding the grievor1s
I greater seniority, the employer was under the obligation and had
the right to award and accommodate the position to Mr. stirling.
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With respect to the difference in seniority between the two
applicants, the grievor began his employment in the part-time
classified service as a Porter at the Hospital on October 9, 19ß6.
Mr. Stirling began his employment in the part-time classified
service as a Porter at the Hospital on October 16, 1986. There is,
accordingly, only one week's difference in seniority between the
grievor and the incumbent. In the employer's view, seniority was
a consideration, but it was not the only one. Other
considerations, such as employment equity, could be taken into
account.
The incumbent, Mark Stirling, was represented by his father on the
first day of hearing, and by counsel on the second day of hearing.
The incumbent submitted that he was qualified for the job in
question, that he won the selection process and that that result
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should not be set aside.
The Evidence
The grievor is a Porter and this position is classified as a
Helper, Food Services. The grievor continues to occupy this
position.
On January 17, 1990 a full-time Porter's position was posted:
The Ministry of Health, Brockville Psychiatric Hospital
is seeking an individual with demonstrated institutional
experience in food preparation and food service to assist
in the preparation and distribution of meals for patients
and staff, and to maintain the cleanliness of assigned
areas.
The successful candidate will have prior related
experience in an institutional setting, communication
skills to work in accordance with both oral and written
instructions, the ability to operate food preparation and
dish and pot cleansing equipment, and the demonstrated
ability to maintain an acceptable level of attendance.
In addition to the physical ability to perform .the duties
of the position, the successful candidate will have the
demonstrated ability to relate in a tactful and sensitive
manner with patients and staff.
The grievor applied for the position. The only other applicant was
the incumbent, and both men were interviewed by a selection
committee. It is convenient to set out the duties and related
tasks indicated on the position specification:
l. Assists in the preparation of food. by performing
tasks such as:
30% -cleaning and preparing vegetables;
-preparing pans;
-portioning foods into pans for cooking or
distribution.
2. Distributes meals to patients by performing tasks
such as:
JO% -loading food into hot food wagons;
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-delivering food and diet wagons to wards;
-delivering milk to all areas.
3. Maintains cleanliness and sanitation in food service
areas by:
35% -cleaning floors, shelves, refrigerators,
kitchen equipment, food wagons, washing pots,
pans and utensils;
-picking up wet and dry garbage;
-washing dishes using dish·machine.
4. Performs other related duties as assigned such as:
5% -directing patients in vegetable preparation.
At the time of applying for the full-time Porter's position, the
grievor had been occupying the job on an acting basis.
There are eleven full-time Porters at the Hospital and three
classified part-time Porters, and five unclassified part-time
Porters. One of the full-time porters is permanently assigned to
sanitation duties. Historically, the other full-time Porters have
performed seven different Porter assignments on a rotating basis.
They are:
1. Vegetable Room
2. Milk and Bread Wagon
3. Bake Shop
4. Oishwashing
5. Food Wagon
6. Pot Room
7. Float
Prior to the incu~ent being awarded one of the full-time Porter
positions, these seven posts were rotated on a nine-month cycle
with one month spent at each post, with the exception of Food Wagon
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and Float, where each Parter spent two months. Some of the posts
are hotter and dirtier and therefore less desirable than others.
This rotation system has been in place for several years.
The posting of the porter position in the instant case came about
as a result of a retirement. As already noted, there were only two
applicants; the grievor and the incumbent, Mr. Stirling. After
Mr. stirling won the competition, the employer reconfigured the
rotation by assigning Mr. stirling the permanent post of Food
Wagon, where it is not necessary for him to use knives.
Mr. Lake gave evidence on his own behalf. He described at some
length the use of knives at the Hospital, focusing on their
requirements on three of the postings occupied by Porters: the
Vegetable Room, the Milk and Bread Wagon and the Float. He told
the Board that knives are used every day, and that these knives are
very sharp. Knives are used for cutting bread ~n the Milk and
Bread Wagon, and work in the Bake Shop involves cutting cheese and
prepared meats. Knives are also used in the Vegetable Room for
peeling potatoes and cutting carrots. As the Float requires
movement between the other posts, knives must be used. Porters are
also called upon to deb one turkeys approximately twice per week,
and the use of a knife is obviously required' ·to do this work.
Moreover, the Porters are required to use various equipment for
shredding food items such as cheese and onions, and they have
certain responsibilities with respect to the salad bar that require
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use of knives. Electric slicers are used, and this also requires
fine motor skills.
Mr. Lake testified that he has worked with Mr. Stirling and on one
occasion he saw Mr. stirling cut himself with a knife. Mr. Lake
also testified._~~at he has recei ved good job appraisals, and in
fact these appraisals were subsequently introduced into evidence.
These appraisals are uniform in their praise of Mr. Lake and two
of them recommend· the grievor for advancement to a full-time
Porter's position.
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Mr. Lake testified that he feels he can do the job of a full-time
Porter, and believes that his experience as a part-time Porter and
as an acting full-time Porter has given him the knowledge that he
needs.
In cross-examination, Mr. Lake was asked about hi> preparation for
the interview, and he indicated that he did some reading beforehand
about procedures in the dietary department. He told the Board that
he has applied for a full-time Porter's position on three occasions
in the past and was interviewed each time. Counsel for the
employer asked Mr. Lake if the questions he was asked for this job
competition were different than those asked on previous
competitions, but he could not recall. Mr. Lake agreed, however,
that there were no surprising questions asked at the interview.
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Mr. Kevin Hudson also gave evidence on behalf of the union. He is
a Porter at the Hospital and has been employed since 1983. He
became full-time in ~988 . Mr. Hudson testified that the use of
knives is required on the Food Wagon at night in preparing
vegetables. Knives used to be required for slicing cheese,
although this is apparently no longer the case as processed cheese
is now served. Mr. Hudson testified that Porters may be required.
to assist in turkey de-boning, and when this is required they must
use a knife to do this job. Mr. Hudson told the Board that knives
are required, one way or another, every day.
Mr. Hudson testified to witnessing the incumbent cut himself with
a knife. This occurred when Mr. HUdson was demonstrating potato
peeling to the incumbent. On that occasion, Mr. stirling cut
himself three times and received minor injuries. Following this
accident, Mr. Stirling was assigned other duties so that he would
no~ cut himself again. In.this regard, Mr. Hudson testified that
knives were not essential because there were a variety of people
available who could do cutting work. Mr. Hudson told the Board
that he has worked with the grievor and the grievor is a good
worker who gets along with his fellow employees.
The first witness for the employer was Linda Eckert, who is the
Regional Personnel Administrator for the Ministry of Health's Human
Resources Branch in Brockville. Ms. Eckert has held this positión
for four years.
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Ms. Eckert testified that in March 1990 she was approached by the
members·of the selection panel in charge of running the competition
for the Porter's position. The selection panel advised Ms. Eckert
that Mr. ßtirling had won the competition. Indeed, Mr. stirling
had received 131.7 points and Mr. Lake had received 120.6 points.
In the result, Mr. stirling's score was 10.6% higher than the
grievor's score.
The concern was, however, expressed that Mr. Stirling, because of
his disability, could not do all of the duties required of the
position. As already noted, he cannot use knives. Ms. Eckert
discussed with the panel the requirements of Article 4.3 of the
Collective Agreement. Ms. Eckert advised the panel that the
jurisprudence of the Grievance Settlement Board was unsettled as
to what was meant by the term "relatively equal" but informed them
that the Ministry generally took the position in job competitions
that a ten percent differential was significant. She also brought
to their attention the employer's employment equity program and
discussed generally the accommodation requirements under the Human
Rights Code.
Ms. Eckert testified about employment equity at the Hospital. A
province-wide self-identification survey has been conducted,. and
Ms. Eckert told the Board that disabled individuals are under-
represented in the Hospital workforce. The equity program seeks
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to correct denial of employment opportunities to individuals with
handicaps. Ms. Eckert also discussed the matter of accommodation,
and advised the selection panel to look at the job description in
order to determine what was physically required of the Porter1s
position and whether an accommodation to the position could be made
so that Mr. Stirling could do the job. The panel determined that
an accommodation could be made, and along with the fact that Mr.
Stirling had scored higher on the competition and was clearly able
to do the job, the panel decided to make an accommodation by
assigning Mr. Stirling permanently to one of the Porter positions
where the use of knives was not required.
In cross-examination, Ms. Eckert told the Board that while she was
not a member of the selection panel, she was familiar with the job
because she had classified it. She agreed that the job involves
the use of manual skills, and that an interview was not a perfect
method to assess manual skills. She pointed out, however, that the
selection panel did not rely entirely on the interview. Employment
records were also reviewed, and at least one of the members of the
selection panel, Mr. Ed Laroque, is chef at the Hospital and was
personally familiar with the work of Mr. Stirling and Mr. Lake.
With respect to the differential in scores, Ms. Eckert repeated her
evidence that she considered a 10% differential significant.
Lesser differentials might, in her view, also be significant. It
would, she testified, depend on the facts of each case, and one
important fact to be kept in mind was the employer's equity
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program. Ms. Eckert also repeated her evidence-in-chief that it
was the panel who· determined that accommodation was possible, and
given that the selection process had determined that he was the
most qualified, the panel decided to of~~r Mr. stirling the job.
Ms. Rickey Grushcow was the employer's second and final witness.
Ms. Grushcow is the Manager of strategic Planning and Employment
Equity for the Ministry of Health. Ms. Grushcow has been in this
position for tl1ree years. The position involves developing
employment equity policy and objectives. Introduced into evidence
was a policy statement with respect to employment equity at the
Mini.stry of Health. The statement> indicates that the Ministry has
identified a "clear under-representation of persons with
disabilities in its workforce. 11 The stated objective is "to
increase the number of persons with disabilities recruited,
retained, and promoted within the Ministry of Health. II Also
introduced into evidence were the results of a survey conducted by
the Ministry in June 1989 with respect to the number of persons
with disabilities at the Hospital.
Thi~ survey indicates that 7.4% of Ontario's population consists
of persons with disabilities. Overall in the Hospital, 6.1% of the
workforce consists of persons with disabilities. In the bargaining
unit, 5.4% of the workforce consists of persons with disabilities.
These figures indicate that the workforce of the Hospital is not
reflective of the population generally. And in this regard, Ms.
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Grushcow testified that the 7.4% figure is generally considered an
under-representation of the percentage of people with disabilities
in the province. Ms. Grushcow was not cross-examined.
Mr. stirling gave evidence on· his own behalf. He testified about
the cause of his disability, meningitis, and he confirmed that his
disability precluded him from using knives because he would cut
toward himself rather than away from himself. Mr. stirling
reviewed the job specification. It is not necessary to rehearse
his evidence in detail. Suffice it to say that he told the Board
that the only job he could not do was vegetable preparation. Some
of the jobs noted on the position specification he did not do, such
as milk delivery, but this was because he had not been trained to
do this job, or asked to do it. Mr. Stirling testified that since
winning the competition he has been assigned permanently to the
Food Wagon and has performed his duties without incident.
In cross-examination, Mr. stirling was asked by union counsel to
describe. the Porter's rotation prior to the instant competition.
Mr. Stirling testified that Porters were required to use knives to
prepare vegetables, in the Bake Shop and on the .Float. Mr.
stirling reiterated his evidence that knives were not required on
the Food Wagon. Mr. Stirling was asked whether, in addition to his
problems using knives, he had other problems such as spilling soups
and purees and he responded that all the Porters spilled things
from time to time.
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Mr. Stirling also testified that the Food Wagon post was considered
least desirable among the Porters because it started early and
finished late~
Following Mr. stirling's evidence, Mr. Lake was recalled, and he
testified that the Food Wagon post was not the least desirable of
the different rotations. The Pot Room, for example can be hot with
poor air circulation.
The evidence having concluded, the matter proceeded to argument~
Union Argument
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Union counsel began his submissions by noting that the Union
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endorses employment equity, but that in the instant case the
employer had, with the best of intentions, made an error in
awarding the position to Mr. stirling. counsel made four
submissions: First, that the employment equity program has been
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misapplied and misconstrued. Second, that the incumbent lacks·the
qualifications and ability to perform the required duties of the
position. Third, in the alternative, that the incumbent and the
grievor are relatively equal in qualifications and ability and so
the grievor's greater seniority should be given effect. And
fourth, that the competition was flawed.
, Turning first to the submission that the employment equity program
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has been misapplied and misconstrued, counsel noted that this
program does not have the force of law. Counsel argued that a ~uty
to accommodate only applies where an individual can be said to be
qualified, and counsel referred to an extract from the Manual of
Administration setting out the definition of "qualified person",
and argued that when this definition was applied to the incumbent
it was clear that he was not qualified for the Porter's position.
That position requires the use of knives, and the grievor could not
use knives. Accommodation, in counsel's view, is not a mandate to
create new positions. Ra ther , it involves' an obligation to
accommodate to an existing position. In counsel's view, the
evidence established that a new position without some of the duties
stated in the position specification had been created and this.went
beyond any accommodation obligations.
Turning to his second submission, counsel argued that the incumbent
lacked the qualifications and ability to do the job in question.
Referring to Article 4.3 of the Collective Agreement, counsel
argued that the employer's primary obligation is to give
consideration to qualifications and ability to perform a position.
Just because Mr. stirling was better able to answer questions at
the interview, and in that way receive a higher score, was not, in
counsel's submission, a satisfactory method of determining
qualifications and ability. The use of knives was, in this regard,
part and parcel of the Porter's job, and since Mr. stirling could
not use them, he did not have the qualifications and ability
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required for the position.
Counsel argued that the Porter's position requires a rotation, and
if a person cannot do all of the jobs on the rotation then he or
she is not qualified for the position. Mr. stirling cannot do all
of the jobs on the rotation, and it therefore follows that he is
not qualified. In contrast, it was the uncontradicted evidence
that the grievor was qualified to do all of the jobs and perform
all of the rotations. Indeed, the grievor did the job on an acting
basis for some months. Had primary consideration been given to
qualifications and ability then, counsel submitted, the selection
panel would have come to the inescapable conclusion that Mr.
stirling did not have the qualifications and ability and that the
. grievor was better qualified and able.
Union counsel's third submission was that the grievor and the
incumbent were relatively equal in qualifications and ability.
Counsel made two submissions in this regard: first, that the
evidence indicated, given Mr. stirling's handicap, that at the very
least the grievor and the incumbent were relatively equal in skill
and ability. The second submission was that a careful analysis of
the scores indicated that there was not that much difference
between the two.
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In this regard, counsel referred the Board to the decision in Nixon
2418/87- (Fisher) . In this case, the Board was call ed upon to
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determine whether or not the grievor was relatively equal in skill
and ability to the incumbent. The Board found:
. . . that the appropriate method of comparison is to
compare the relative scores of the parties between
themselves and not to compare it to an overall standard.
The question as to whether the percentage difterential
should be based on a percentage of a lower score or a
higher score, however, is not being decided by the Board
at this time (at 3).
counsel argued that the Board in the instant case should follow
suit, and also took the position that the attendance part of the
score should be deleted in this consideration because attendance
was not relevant to qualifications and ability. Counsel submitted
that if the above-noted method were employed and attendance was
removed there would only be an 8% difference between the two
scores. If attendance was included and the above-noted method
employed, union counsel calculated that there would only be an 8
or 9% difference between the two scores, and that this indicated
that the grievor and the incumbent were relatively equal.
Counsel drew the Boardts attention to Bullen 113/82 (Samuels) ,
where the Board found relati ve-'equal i tybetween two candidates.
The Board in that case- then turned its attention to an
interpretation of Article 4.3 of the Collective Agreement and the
matter of seniority. The Board in Bullen observed:
While seniority may not govern necessarily in all cases
where qualifications and ability are relatively equal,
seniority will govern unless some overriding
consideration suggests some other decision. And this
accords with the clear basic intention of the parties.
The filling of a vacancy should be done ~n a merit basis.
Where merit is equal, seniority can govern.
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In Crossley 1481/88 (Fisher), the Board asked whether seniority was
the governing factor once it was determined that the'candidates are
relatively equal. The Board reviewed relevant cases and came to ,...
the conclusion that "there can be factors other than seniority
considered once relative equality has been determined, however,
those other considerations would have to be 'overriding' ones in
order to defeat the applïcation of seniority rights (at 4). II
The Board in Crossley then went on to consider whether employment
equity was a proper overriding consideration. As in the instant
case, the parties did not dispute that employment equity was a goal
shared by both the employer and the union. The union, however,
took the position that employment equity cannot and should not be
achieved by affecting seniority rights under Article 4.3. Various
reasons for and against this position are set out in the award (at
4ff) . The Board found:
The issue is not whether or not employment equity is a
valid labour relations objective as the parties agree
that 'it is. The issue is rather whether or not
employment equity can be advanced through the process of
allowing it to be considered as a consideration which
override-so seniority. Clearly, if the inclusion of
employment equity considerations at the second stage of
the Article 4(3) process would not advance the overall
objectives of employment equity, then it is not a proper
factor to consider. If it could be proven, through
empirical evidence, that the inclusion of employment
equity as a second stage consideration advanced the
objectives of employment equity, then this Board would
be prepared to permit employment equity to be considered
as a relevant factor at the second stage of the Article
4(3) process.
However, even if this Board were to find that employment
equity was a valid consideration at the second stage of
the Article 4(3) process, the employer would still have
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to show, on a case by case basis, that given the
particular facts of the case, the factor of employment
equity should override seniority. .In assessing this
balance, the Board would have to consider a number of
factors, some which may be, ,
1. the quantum of seniority difference
between the candidates:
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The onus of proving that the consideration of employment
equity at the second stage of Article 4(3) process would
in fact enhance the goals of employment equity is clearly
upon the employer for they are seeking to add a new
factor to the hiring equation that has never existed
before. Furthermore, as . the Union has established a
prima facie case of relative equality and greater
seniority, it is for the employer to justifY the
existence of an additional factor to be considered~
The employer led no real evidence on this issue, rather
it simply argued the matter as a statement of faith.. . The
employer has therefore failed to satisfy the necessary
onus and thus it was improper for the employer in this
case to consider employment equity once there was a
finding that the qualifications and ability of the
candidates were relatively equal.
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In the absence of any other consideration other than
seniority, the grievor is clearly entitled to the
position (at 6-7).
Counsel argued that in the instant case the reasoning of the Board
in Crossley should be applied. The. evidence established, in
counsel's submission, that the candidates were relatively equal.
The grievor had greater seniority and the employer had not adduced
sufficient evidence to demonstrate that employment equity was an
overriding consideration. Empirical evidence would be required to
establish this, and there was no such evidence, counsel suggested,
. in the instant case.
In his final submission, union counsel argued that the competition
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was flawed because of the manner in which the selection panel
approached Ms. Eckert. In counsel'_s view, it was the
responsibility of the panel to make the decision, and the evidence
indicated, counsel submitted, that in approaching Ms. Eckert the
panel improperly fettered its discretion. Counsel argued that the
grievor should be awarded the position with full retroactivity or,
in the alternative, that the Board direct that the-competition be
re-run.
Employer Arqument
Counsel for the employer argued that the proper result was reached
in this case and that there was no basis on the evidence or in the
Board's jurisprudence to interfere with that result., The evidence,
counsel submitted, indicates that the incumbent can do the job and
it was within' the jurisdiction of the employer, pursuant to section
18 of the Crown Employees Collective Bargainìng Act, to arrange the
position in such a way so as to accommodate _the incumbent's
disability. The Porter rotation system was not fixed by law or by
the Collective Agreement, and the employer could adjust it, which
is what took place in the instant case. In counsel's view, the use
of a knife was not a core duty of the position, and this is
illustrated by the fact that the employer was able to offer Mr.
Stirling a Porter's position that did not require the use of a
knife. Counsel also submitted that the assignment of Mr. stirling
to the Food Wagon post did not indicate that the employer was of
the view that this was the only job that Mr. stirling could
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perform. In fact, counsel pointed out that the evidence
established that Mr. stirling had performed other Porter jobs as
well. Moreover, neither the job specification nor the posting
required the use of knives.
With respect to the evidence about the use of scores, counsel
pointed out that even if the union's calculations were given effect
they still demonstrated a significant difference between the
grievor and the incumbent. Indeed, doing some calculations of her
own, employer counsel noted an error in the initial calculation
which reduced the incumbent's score. If this error was corrected,
the difference between the incumbent and the grievor would be
greater. Counsel also argued that attendance was a perfectly
proper matter to take into account, and the competition was not won
or lost on the Þasis of the questions that were posed. Personnel
records were consulted, and at least one member of the panel was
personally familiar with both candidates' work.
With respect to the evidence about employment equity, counsel
argued that the evidence met the test set out in Crossley. This
was not a case where there was simply an expression of opinion
about employment equity. Rather, the employer called evidence
about the numbers of disabled persons working at the Hospital, and
this evidence indicated that the Hospital was not yet meeting the
employer's stated objectives. In this respect, counsel drew the
Board's attention to Article A of the Collective Agreement.:
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A.1 There shall be no discrimination practised by
reason of race, ancestry, place of origin,
colour, ethnic origin, citizenship, creed, sex,
marital status, family status, or handicap, as
defined in section 9(1) of the ontario Human
Rights Code (OHRC) .
A.2 It is recognized that in accordance :with
section 13 of the OHRC, . the Employer's
employment equity program shall not be
considered a contravention of this article.
Counsel argued that in assigning Mr. Stirling to the Food Wagon on
a permanent basis the e~pJoyer had not, as the union suggested,
created a new position. All that it had done was accommodate a
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position to Mr. stirling after he won a competition in which the
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selection panel determined that he was the most qualified of the
applicants. Counsel reviewed a number of provisions of the Ontario
Human Rights Code, and also referred the Board to a number of
authorities on point. In counsel's view, the employer has a legal
obligation to accommodate a qualified individual up to the point
of hardship. The accommodation in the instant case was nowhere
near that point. In fact, it was easily achieved, -for Mr. stirling
could perform the essential duties of the Porter position.
Counsel distinguished the Crossley decision re.lied upon by the
Union and noted that this decision expressly contemplates that
employment equity may be an overriding consideration where
qualifications and ability are considered equal. In Crossley,
moreover, there was no evidence about the equity program. In the
instant case, two witnesses testified with respect to it, and the
results of a survey indicating that the Hospital had not achieved
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the employer's employment equity objectives had been introduced .
into evidence. Empirical evidence had, counsel submitted, been
brought before the Board. Counsel argued that if the Board found
relative equality, then employment equity should override seniority I
in the instant case because there was only one week's difference
between the two applicants.
Counsel argued that there was no evidence of any flaw in the
competition, and submitted that there was nothing wrong with the
panel, having scored Mr. stirling highest but having concerns about
his disability, consulting a Human Resources professional with
respect to its legal and employment equity obligations. It was the
uncontradicted evidence of Ms. Eckert that the panel made its own
decision to award the position to Mr. Stirling, and this decision
was made after its prior determination that Mr. stirling was the
most qualified. Mr. Stirling had, counsel noted, received the
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higher score. \
In counsel's view, the union had not met its onus in this case to
demonstrate a violation of the Collective Agreement. A selection
panel determined that one of two applicants was most qualified.
That applicant had a disability. The selection panel, after
consulting with Human Resources, reviewed the position and
determined that it could offer the position to the applicant by
changing the rotation. To do so would advance the employer's
employment equity program. And in the result, Mr. Stirling got the
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job. This, counsel., submitted, did not violate the Collective
Agreement.
Incumbent's Arqument
Mr. Simpson made some submissions on behalf· of Mr. stirling. In
counsel's submission, Mr. stirling was found by the selection panel
to be the most qualified, and he was awarded the job on that basis.
It was not necessary, therefore, to consider seniority or other
considerations. If the Board found relative equality, then Mr.
Simpson adopted the employer's arguments with respect to the
consideration of the equity program and the assignment to Mr.
Stirling of a job where the use of knives was not required.
Union Reply --
In reply, union counsel submitted that the employer does not have
..
the right to tailor a job to a person, and that nothing in the
Crown Employees Collective Bargaining Act gave _ it that right.
Counsel reiterated the union's view that the use of knives is a
core duty of the Porter position, and by creating a position where
knives were not required, the~mployer was in fact creating a new
job. In counsel's submission, accommodation does not involve
placing unqualified persons in positions, and the ontario Human
Rights Code provisions are intended to ensure that qualified
persons are not precluded from employment because of physical
.to:
challenges. In the instant case, Mr. stirling was not qualified
for the job because the job requires the use of knifes~
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Decision
Having carefully considered the evidence, authorities and arguments
of the parties, we have come to the conclusion that this grievance
must be dismissed. In general, it is the jurisprudence of this
Board that a party contesting the outcome of a job competition
bears the burden of proving there were flaws in the competition
and that these flaws went to the result. In the instant case, we
are satisfied that the competition was properly run, that Mr.
stirling was properly identified as the superior applicant and that
after this result was reached, the employer properly considered
what accommodations were necessary to award him a porter position.
The employer then made those accommodations and awarded him the
posted position.
In our view, very simply, the selection panel determined that two
candidates were not equal in qualifications and ability, and the
grieyance can be disposed on this basis alone. .Even if we were
persuaded, which we are not, that there was only an 8 or 9%
difference between the two candidates, as opposed to a 10%+
difference, we would have found on the evidence before us that the
qualifications and ability of both candidates are not relatively
equal. Our conclusion in this regard is buttressed by the fact
that notwithstanding his disability, Mr. stirling still scored
significantly higher in the competition than did the grievor.
Moreover, the grievor had the advantage, during the job
competition, of actually having occupied the contested position on
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25
an acting basis.
The grievor is undoubtedly qualified for the position, but that is
not the issue before us. On the evidence, Mr. stirling scored
higher than the grievor, so much more so that it is not necessary
to consider the grievor's marginally greater seniority or any other
considerations in dismissing the grievance.
There is no evidence before the Board of any flaws 'in the running
of the competition. The grievor testified, for example, that he
.
was not surprised by any of the questions. Union counßel made some
arguments with respect to the relevance of attendance in scoring
the applicants, but we are of the view that the employer is
entitled to consider attendance in its assessments of the
qualifications and ability of the applicants to perform the
required duties. We note, in this regard, that the jqb posting
indicates that the successful candidate will have the "demonstrated
ability to maintain an acceptable level of attendance." Moreover,
the weight given to attendance is not disproportionate to the
weight given to ·the more directly relevant qualifications.
A few additional observations are in order. Had we found that the
grievor and the incuxnbent were relatively equal, we would still
have dismissed the grievance. In the absence of any other
considerations seniority should govern. That is not the instant
case, for the grievor's . disability raises an additional
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26
consideration which the employer was entitled to take into account.
Both the union and the employer are committed to employment equity.
Recently a provision reflecting this commitment was negotiated in
the Collective Agreement. The jurisprudence of this Board, as set
out in Cross¡ev. is that employment equity considerations may be
taken into account. Crossley stands for the proposition that where
these considerations are overriding they may be given effect.
It is not sufficient, as Crossley notes, to simply mouth an
I
affirmation of these considerations. In the instant case, the
I
Board heard and received empirical evidênge, which was unchallenged
.- I
by the union, demonstrating that the percentage of employees'with j
,
disabilities at this Hospital is below the stated objective of the
employer. This empirical evidence meets the standard set out in ¡
Crossley. It is also worthwhile to point out that in Crossley the
Board determined that the quantum of seniority of the applicants
was one of a number of issues to be considered in determining
whether the employment equity objectives should be given precedence'
over seniority. In the instant case, there· is only one week IS
difference in seniority between the two applicants. This is not, I
I
therefore, a case of a long-serving employee losing a"competition ,
to a junior employee as a result of the implementation of
employment equity.
A few final points. We reject without exception the union's
submission that Mr. stirling is not qualified for the Porter's
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27
position. It is true enough that at one time this position rotated
among a number of stations. That does not' mean that this rotation
is fixed for all time. In the instant case, Mr. stirling won the
competition. Despite his disability he scored higher in the
competition. Those scoring him knew that he could not use knives.
He still got the higher overall score. The selection panel then
inquired, as we find it was entitled to do, about the employer1s
employment equity program and obligations. Having learned that an ~
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obligation exists in law, not to mention the existènce of a formal
employment equity policy within this Ministry, the panel considered
how the job might be adjusted to take into account Mr. Stirling1s
disability. No new job was created. Insteaq, what the employer
did was carve out one position from the rotation where knives were
not required. This Porter's position was awarded to Mr. Stirling :
and he is obviously qualified to perform it. Any suggestions to
the contrary are without foundation in the evidence before us.
In the result, the grievance is dismissed.
Dated at ottawa thís.("+~ay of 'J -'I í 7 1991-
i
! i I
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,Vfilliam Kaplan
~Vice-Chairperson
/ ", . ~
--ç'>~--z--r:-<,~~~-<--" '
1. Thómson
Member
/
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/ 1 /
/. / (- . -, ":"~Ý' _.: ~..: l.--.
X. (" Stapleton /
Member
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