HomeMy WebLinkAbout1990-1834.Cassell&Laugher.91-09-09- [ i'~' ' , " , '. ONTARIO EMPLOYES DELA COURONNE
; CROWN EMPL 0 YEES DE 1. 'ONTA RIO
GRIEVANCE: C,OMMISSlON DE
SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS '
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1834/90
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
OPSEU (Cassell/Laugher)
Grievor
- an~ -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Transportation)
Employer
BEFORE: W. Low Vice-Chairperson
S. Urbain Member
F. Collict Member
FOR THE K. Whitaker
GRIEVOR Counsel
(Cassel) Ryder, Whitaker, Wright & Chapman
Barristers & Solicitors
FOR THE L. Trachuk
GRIEVOR Counsel
(Laugher) Cornish Roland
Barristers.& Solicitors
FOR THE J. Gallagher
EMPLOYER Staff Relations Advisor
Human Resources Branch
Ministry of Transportation
HEARIN~ February 22, 1991
May 10, 1991
June 21, 1991
DECISION
Arthur Cassell and Edwin Laugher have both grieved the
results of a competition, ER89/48, for the position of Enforcement
Officer - Highway Carrier at Ottawa West. These grievances have an
interesting background. The competition was originally posted in
the summer of 1989. It was for a bilingual position. At that
time, the two Grievors, Mr. Cassell and Mr. Laugher, were denied
interviews as neither was bilingual. They grieved in September of
1989. The incumbent, Mr. Brian Moore, was placed in the position
in December of 1989. Mr. Cassell and Mr. Laugher's original
grievances were settled and a consent order was made by Arbitrator
Wilson of this Board on December 18, 1990, pursuant to which there
was to be held a new competition for the. position. The position was
not to be designated as bilingual for purposes of the competition
and the eligible applicants.were to be Mr. Cassell, Mr. Laugher and
the incumbent, Mr. Moore. In August of 1990 the competition was
re-run, and Mr. Moore was again placed in the position. The
Ministry's reasoning was that the candidates were relatively equal
as to qualifications and ability, and that therefore seniority
decided the issue. Mr. Moore's seniority date is September 14,
1970, Mr. Laugher's is June 5, 1972, and Mr. Cassell's August 15,
1974.
Many of the facts are not in dispute. Mr. Laugher and
Mr. Cassell have been Highway Carrier Enforcement Officers. since
August 1978 and April 1976 respectively. Mr. Moore was a Driver
License Examiner and had no experience as Highway Carrier
2
Enforcement Officer prior to being placed in the position for which
the competition was posted. The jobinvolves enforcing a number of
statutes relating to highway carriers. Mr. Cassell and Mr. Laugher
had worked mainly out of a weigh scale but had spent some time
working covering an area out of a Ministry car, and it appears to
be'agreed that working'in an area is somewhat more difficult than
.working at a weigh scale as reference resources are not as readily
at hand in a car. The posted job was an area job.
It is the contention of the Grievors thateach of them is
demonstrably superior in qualifications and abilities to the
incumbent, Mr. Moore. It is the contention of Mr. Cassell that he
is demonstrably superior in qualifications and abilities to Mr.
Laugher and~ought therefore to~b~..granted the position over Mr.
Laugher notwithstanding Mr. Laugher's greater seniority, and it is
Mr. Laugher's contention that he is relatively equal in
qualifications and ability to Mr. Cassell but, as he is senior to
Mr. Cassell in the service, that he ought therefore to be granted
the position. It is the contention of both Grievors that the
competition itself was seriously flawed. We are urged by the
Grievors to so find and to place one of the Grievors in the
position or alternatively to order the competition be re-run once
again.
We heard the evidence of Mr. Cassell and Mr. Laugher.
Mr. Moore, though given notice of this proceeding, elected not to
3
appear. It is common ground that the job posted would have been a
lateral move for either Mr. Laugher or Mr. Cassell, but that Mr.
Moore was coming out of a different area of the Ministry entirely
and had no experience at all as a Highway Carrier Enforcement
Officer.
Mr. Cassell started to work for the Ministry of Transport
in April of 1986, after having spent approximately two years with
the Ministry of Health. He was a Highway Carrier Enforcement
Officer I from 1976 to 1977 at which time he was made an
Enforcement Officer II, and in 1980 he was made an Enforcement
Officer III. He has been stationed at the Castleman scales and
reports to Gary Corcoran, the Area Enforcement Supervisor, who was
a member of the Selection Panel.
The position specification for the job posted was part of
Exhibit 3 in this proceeding, and it was the uncontradicted
evidence of Mr. Cassell that he performs all of the duties listed
in the job description, which is essentially enforcing legislation
relating 'to vehicle weights and dimensions, economic regulatory
legislation, safety legislation, taking part in prosecutions for
the Crown, and carrying out a public education function. Mr.
Cassell is a Provincial Offences Officer and has had considerable
experience over the course of the approximately 14 years leading up
to the competition in question enforcing legislation, giving
evidence in court, and indeed training new enforcement officers.
In April of 1980, Mr. Cassell became the supervisor of
the Castleman station, and has trained three highway carrier
inspectors and has re-trained one. He was the person who trained
Mr. Laugher and, significantly, it was Mr. Cassell who trained Mr.
Moore for the four months between December of 1989 and March of
1990 after Mr. Moore received the appointment to the job posted
under the competition with which we are.dealing.
In 1983, Mr. Cassell qualified as a Driver Examiner. ~.He
has also had staff inspector training, which is preparation for
management. As well, Mr. Cassell has acted as a District Carrier
Inspector from the ~period July 3, 1984, to September 1, 1984, and
for a period of time was the co-ordinator for a public vehicles
enforcement team for the Eastern Region, being Trenton, Lanark,
~!g~nquin Park and areas east of that, during-which time he carried
out an educational function with operators. In June of 1989 Mr.
Cassell was Acting Area Superwisor for Ottawa West. He has filled
in for Mr. Corcoran, his immediate supervisor, during Mr.
Corcoran's absences. The foregoing facts relating to Mr. Cassell's
experience and qualifications were uncontradicted by any oral
evidence called by the Ministry and were supported by the
documentary evidence filed in this proceeding.
Mr. Laugher has been an Enforcement Officer since 1978
and has been an Enforcement officer III at the Castleman scales
5
since 1981.. From 1972 to 1978 Mr. Laugher was a Driver Examiner°
Like Mr. Cassell, Mr. Laugher also performs all of the duties set
out under the job description in the competition posting. Mr.
Laugher has, like Mr. Cassell, considerable experience over the
years acting as an Enforcement Officer both at a weigh scale and on
the road, and has also assisted in prosecutions.
Mr. Laugher scored 97.5% in the C.V.S.A. test, the test
upon which Mr. Cassell scored 93.5% and upon which Mr. Moore failed~
on the first attempt with a score of 67.5%, but upon which he
achieved a score of 98% on November 17, 1989, on a second attempt
at the test (after the date of the competition which is now being
grieved). We received in evidence letters of a commendatory nature
relating to Mr. Laugher's performance as a Highway Carrier
Enforcement Officer, and it is clear from the uncontradicted
evidence and the documentary material in support that Mr. Laugher
was also a very highly qualified candidate for the job posted.
Mr.. Dennis Guibord was called on behalf of the employer.
Mr. Guibord was one of the Selection Panel of three. Mr. Guibord
has no direct knowledge of the job apart from spending
approximately one hour with Mr. Cassell and Mr. Laugher at the
weigh scale. Mr. Guibord testified that the Selection Panel
considered the results of the interview, the experience and ability
of each of the candidates, the corporate files and the supervisory
references. He testified first that the Panel gave equal weight to
6
all of the above parts of the process, but also testified that the
Panel did not define which parts would have greater or lesser
weight. He then testified that the Panel did not want to be bound
by one issue carrying the weight of the selection process as one
candidate might do very well on the interview, and that sometimes
checks brought out matters that did not come out at the interview.
Based on the evidence of Mr. Guibord in its totality, we find it
impossible to conclude what weight was given to the various matters
considered in assessing the candidates for this position. We also
find it impossible to be confident that the weight for each part of
the assessment was allocated in the same fashion for each
candidate.
Of considerable concern is the fact ~hat Mr. Corcoran,
who had a considerable knowledge of the work of Mr. Cassell and Mr.
Laugher, indicated to. the Selection Panel that there were letters
of.commendation relating to Mr. Cassell which were not in the
corporate file for reasons unknown. Mr. Guibord knew of the
existence of such letters, but did not see the letters and the
Panel apparently made no effort to track them down. His comment
was that if there were letters favourable to a candidate in
relation to performance of his job, then it was up to the candidate
to see to it that such letters found their way into the file. We
find this a startling proposition. The corporate file is the
property of the employer and the employer, not the employee,
controls its contents. We find even more startling the fact that
7
the Selection Panel were favourably impressed by some material in ·
Mr. Moore's personnel file, and while knowing of the existence of
favourable material in relation to Mr. Cassell, did not complete
their investigation by attempting at least to locate that material
and to take the contents into consideration. In our view, this
alone flaws the competition, but only to the extent that it did so
in favour of Mr. Moore and to the detriment of Mr. Cassell.
The Grieuors have also challenged the merits of the
interview in assessing the qualifications and abilities of the
candidates. It was Mr. Guibord's evidence that the questions on
the interview were intended to assess the candidates' communication
skills, interpersonal skills, problem analysis skills, decision-
making capabilities and general knowledge. Equal weight was given
to each question, and the candidates were scored on a scale of five
ranging poor, fair, good, very gobd and excellent. The scoring for
each candidate 'on each question was done consensually and each
candidate's score was tallied in the end to compare the number of
questions whose answers were rated above good, those rated good or
better, and those rated very good or better. On the interview, Mr.
Cassell was the leader as he had nine answers scored above good,
whereas Mr. Laugher had six and Mr. Moore had seVen; Mr. Cassell
had eleven answers rated good or better, whereas Mr. Laugher had
ten, and Mr. Moore had ten; and Mr. Cassell had seven answers rated
very good or better, whereas Mr. Laugher had five and Mr. Moore had
six. As there were only 12 questions on the interview, and
8
assuming that each was rated equally, we are inclined to find that
the differentials as set out above are significant.
Objection is taken to the fact that scoring on the
interview was by consensus. We see. no flaw in principle in
consensus scoring in the absence of evidence that the method was
not employed in good faith and that it was used to manipulate the
result. As pointed out in the lengthy discussion of the subject in
Palatino/Rogers/Patterson 1968/89, 1970/89, 1972/89, consensus
scoring per se is not indicative of a procedural flaw in the
competition process unless exercised unfairly. 'In the instant
case, no evidence was led to indicate that the method of scoring
was used in bad faith or unfairly and we do not find that the
competition was bad on that ground.
The Union also challenges the utility of the questions on
the interview in assessing the relative ski~ls and abilities to
perform the job in question. It is the argument of the Grievors
that some of the questions are.either not pertinent or are of such
general nature that they cannot usefully assess the relative ~kill~
of the candidates against those skills required for the position.
We agree with this' proposition. For example, question 2 is:
"The Ministry includes a number of 'groups' in its
employment equity policy. Name these groups please."
In our view, this q~.estion might be useful in assessing a candidate
applying for a position in human resources, but is not particularly
pertinent to the skills and knowledge required to enforce highway
9
carrier legislation. Question 4 is:
"During the course of your employment, you are required
to work closely with an individual whose ethnic,
religious and cultural background and beliefs are
dramatically different than yours. How would you handle
the situation?"
And Question 5 is:
"Given the social climate of this country today, why do
you think we would ask the previous question?"
In our view, these questions may be useful in measuring the general
level of knowledge and perhaps the desirability of an employee at
large, but are not germane to the specific requirements of the job
posted. We would make the same observation with respect to
question 7, which asks the candidate to indicate what he will do to
alleuiate or control the amount of stress inflicted on him by his
job. In our view, questions 2, 4, 5 and 7 in the interview portion
of the selection process ought not to be accorded the same weight
as the other questions in the interview. In the result, however,
all three candidates scored equally in questions 4, § and 7, but
Mr. Moore was given an excellent rating for question 2, whereas Mr.
Laugher was given only a "good" rating, and Mr. Cassell a "very
good" rating for question 2. To the extent then that these
questions were not useful in weighing the relative skills of the
candidates, the result tended to favour Mr. Moore over the
Grievors, and we are of the view that his final score should be
accordingly discounted in assessing the actual qualifications for
the position.
The most salient fact, however, pointing to the
10
conclusion that the wrong candidate was appointed, is Mr. Guibord's
concession that a person who could step into the job and startLto
perform it without further training is better qualified than
someone requiring overseeing. Both Mr. Cassell and Mr. Laugher
could step in and immediately perform the job, while Mr. Moore
needed overseeing. Mr. Guibord was asked on cross-examination:
"what is the best experience for the position?", and only after
considerable avoidance ultimately answered that having done the
various aspects of the job satisfactorily was the best experience.
We note two other factors: firstly, Mr. Guilbord's
comment with respect to the Selection Panel's assessment of the
candidates on the interview that "we were aware that Mr. Moore had
less experience and that might have affected his answers"; and
secondly, that the supervisory checks were obtained only from Mr.
Corcoran in the case of Mr. Cassell and Mr..Laugher, whereas two
checks were obtained on Mr. Moore, one from a Mr. E.G. Lerocque,
his supervisor, and the other from Ken Henderson, a peer of Mr.
Moore. The Panel did not obtain checks from peers of Mr. Cassell
and Mr. Laugher, nor did it obtain an evaluation of Mr. Moore from
Mr. Corcoran. Regardless of the merits or demerits of seeking
reference.checks from peers, we regard the lack of an even handed
treatment of all candidates in the selection process to be
indicative that the process was flawed. Furthermore, the
supervisory checks in this case were susceptible to inconsistency
in result. They called for ratings in a number of areas from
11
"poor" to "excellent" from the assessors. Obviously, what one
assessor might consider to be a good performance rated at 4 might
be considered either better or worse and therefore rated a 3 or a
5 by a different assessor. In order to make this type of rating
perfectly fair, the ratings ought to come from one assessor only,
and this was not the case. As a practical matter, it will
frequently be impossible to carry out this type ~of supervisor's
rating in a perfectly fair manner as candidates may be supervised
by different persons. In such cases, the selection panel ought to
receive supervisors' references as the relatively subjective
assessments they are rather than attributing to them the capacity
to quantify a candidate's past performance with any degree of
reliability.
As to the performance of Mr. Moore on the interview, the
Panel's note on Mr. Moore was: "Appeared somewhat more nervous but
was still composed - rambled - got disorganized in answer and hence
had to 'repeat many questions - but eventually got most answers -
probably since less experienced - wider range in quality of answers
but good answers considering experience in present job
specifically". The comment on Mr. Laugher was: "Appeared calm -
thought out his answer - showed organized thinking - no notes
whatsoever - listens - some repeating - some rambling". The
comment with respect to Mr. Cassell was: "Appeared calm - answers
concise - very brief - organized thinking process - listened well
to question - little or no repeating - pause before answer - more
12
consistent in ratings - interviewed much quicker (25 plus or minus
minutes versus 65 plus or minus)".
On the .basis of the recorded comments, it is our view
that the Selection Panel was making allowances for Mr. Moore in
assessing his performance overall, and in our view this is not a
legitimate exercise of the mandate of the Selection Panel, which is
to choose the best candidate on the basis of their respective
qualifications at the time of the competition, and not on the basis
of their qualifications as they might eventually become.
On the basis of the evidence we heard relating to the
relative qualifications, experience and abilities of the three
candidates, we are of the view that both Grievors were clearly
superior in qualifications to the incumbent, Mr. Moore, and to that
extent both grievances should be' allowed. We find also that the
competition was flawed but not to the extent that it did not
· evaluate the relative merits of the candidates at all. The
competition was flawed only to the extent that it was administered
in such a manner as to favour Mr. Moore, and it is unjustifiable
that the employer should have awarded the position to Mr. Moore in
light of the interview score and the employer's admission that the
best experience for the job was prior satisfactory performance and
that the superior candidate is the one who can step in and
immediately start to perform. Mr. Moore was not relatively equal
to Mr. Laugher or to Mr. Cassell in either of these respects.
13
Counsel have addressed argument to the issue that the
Consent Order made by Vice Chairman Wilson did not expressly
stipulate that the experience acquired by Mr. Moore between his
Being placed in the position and the date of the second competition
was to be disregarded for purposes of the second competition. This
Board's assessment of the conduct of the competition can only be on
the basis of what the Selection Panel considered, which appears on
the evidence to have comprehended the on-the-job experience gained
by Mr. Moore. In the circumstances, taking into account Mr.
Moore's tenure of the position prior to the re-run of the
competition also requires us to consider his failure on the
C.V.S.A. test which also took place during that time span. Were we
notionally to wipe clean Mr. Moore's slate of experience, his
interview results would have to be completely re-evaluated. This
is not a practicable venture for this Panel to embark upon, and in
the circumstances it is unnecessary for us to do so for purposes of
deciding the matter.
In reaching our conclusion, we have considered the
interview results as we find~them, and while the C.V.S.A. score is
a factor which cannot be ignored, we do not consider it to be more
than a factor among many pointing to the overall superior
qualifications of the Grievors, even taking into account Mr.
Moore's experience as gained in the interval between original
placement and the re-run competition.
14
As to the competition as between Mr. Laugher and Mr.
cassell, there is no evidence that the competition was unfairly
administered as between the two of them except insofar as there was
known to b~ missing material from Mr. Cassell's personnel file
which was commendatory in nature and which may have assisted Mr.
Cassell. The Grievors have also indicated to the Panel that it is
their preference that we make the determination either that they
are relatively equal, in which case Mr. Laugher, being the more
senior in the service, would be entitled to the position, or
alternatively that Mr. Cassell is demonstrably superior in
qualifications and abilities, in which case we are entitled to
award him the position. There is no dispute that we have the
jurisdiction so to do.
Based on the evidence which we have heard and the
documents filed as exhibits, we are of the view that Mr. Cassell's
qualifications, ability and experience are demonstrably superior,
and for that reason we find that he ought to be awarded the
position. Mr.. Cassell's score on the interview portion of the
competition was in our view significantly higher than that of Mr.
Laugher, and the totality of his experience, including his acting
experience as supervisor as well as his experience training new
officers indicates that he has not only been successful and
commendable as a Enforcement Officer III but has been considered
and treated by the employer as of management calibre. While Mr.
Laugher is also an excellently qualified candidate, and while we
are mindful of the test in applying the seniority provisions of the
Collective Agreement that there must be a clear and demonstrable
superiority on the part of one candidate over the other, we do find
in the circumstances that onus has been met by Mr. Cassell, and an
award will go accordingly that Mr. Cassell be placed in the
position retroactively to September 1990.
DATED this 9th day of September , 1991.
STAR URBAIN