HomeMy WebLinkAbout1991-1594.Huffnegel.94-08-05~..- .~. ONTARtO EMPLOYES DE LA COURONr~,-
CROWN EMP~. 0 YEE$ DE £'ON TA RiO
GRIEYANCE C,OMMISSlON DE
SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS
180 OUNDAS STREET WEST, SUtTE 2100, TOF~ONTO, ONTARIO. M5G 1Z8 TELEPHONE/TELEPHONE: (4;6) 326-~388
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1594/91,2990/91
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEE8 COLLECTIVE
Before
THE GRIEVkNCE SETTLEMENT BO]%RD
BETWEEN
· - OLBEU (Huffnegel)
~rievor
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Liquor Control Board of. Ontario)
Employer
BEFORE: W. Kaplan Vice-Chairperson
E. Seymour Member
M. O'Toole Member
FOR THE M. McFadden
GRIEVOR Counsel
Koskie & Minsky
Barristers & Solicitors
FOR THE R. Dramaj
E~PLOYER Counsel
Hicks Morley Hamilton Stewart & St°rie
Barristers & Solicitors
HEARING November 30, 1992
February 26, 1993
March 23, 1993
July 9, 1993
January 28, 1994
June 7, 1994
Introduction ~
By a grievance dated July 23, 1991, Jeff Huffnegel, formerly an employee of
the Liquor Control Board of Ontario (hereafter "the employer"), grieves' that
he was'suspended from employment without just cause. By a grievance
dated March 18, 1992, Mr. Huffnegel grieves that he was dismissed without
just cause. Both cases proceeded to a hearing in Toronto. Unfortunately,
for a variety of a reasons including illness and inclement weather
conditions, a number Of scheduled hearing dates had to be adjourned leading
to some delay in the final determination of this matter.
In brief, this is a case of alleged theft of product from a retail store. At
the outset of the hearing, the union took the position that the grievor was
innocent of.any wrongdoing and should therefore be reinstated to his
employment with' full back-pay, seniority and benefits. The employer took
the position that the evidence would establish that the grievor had
committed one or more acts of theft and that it, therefore, had just'cause
to both suspend and, following an investigation, terminate him. Both
parties were agreed that this case did' not involve any mitigating
circumstances given the position of the .union and the grievor with respect
to the alleged theft. It should also be noted that at the outset of these
proceedings the employer raised a preliminary objection.. It argued that the
discharge grievance was out of time, it having been filed long after the
mandatory time limits set out in the Collective Agreement had expired.' It
was agreed that this timeliness objection would be argued at the
conclusion of the proceedings. The merits of this case were, accordingly,
fully explored. Given our finding on the merits,, the grievance is effectively
disposed of and there is, therefore, no need to either consider the evidence
with respect to the timeliness objection, or to make any rul)ngs or findings
in connection with it.
The Employer's Case
Evidence of Detective Michael Hand
Detective Hand testified. Detective Hand is employed with the York
Regional Police, and has been a member of that force since 1989. His police
career be~qan in 1974. On Friday, July 12, 1991, Detective Hand was
working the afternoon shift when he was contacted by.Mr. Michael Maciuk, a
Special Investigator employed by the LCBO. Mr. Maciuk advised Mr. Hand
about some thefts alleged to have taken place at a LCSO retail outlet
located at 219 Main Street in Markham. The following evening, Detective
Hand put the store under surveillance' beginning at 5:44 p,m. Detective Hand
was accompanied by his partner, Constable Southwell, and Mr, Ma'ciuk, The
three men positioned themselves in various locations outside of the store.
The store closed on schedule at 6:00 p.m. At approximately 6:15 p.m,, three
employees left the store. At 6:22, Mr. I~rian Armstrong, the Assistant
Manager, left the store carrying a flat of beer. Detective Hand identified ~ the
case of beer which he had initialed. The grievor exited the store
immediately after Mr. Armstrong. Detective Hand testified that the grievor
had the keys for the door and began locking the ,door. Meanwhile, Detective
Hand began approaching Mr. Armstrong and the 9rievor along with Constable
Southwell and Mr. Maciuk..Detecti~/e Hand and Constable Southwell
identified themselves as police officers, and Mr. Maciuk identified Mr.
Armstrong and the grievor by name. Detective Hand then said: "Brian is
.that your beer?" Mr. Armstrong replied that it was. Detective Hand then
asked if Mr, Armstrong had a receipt, and.Mr. Armstrong replied that he did
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not. Mr. Armstrong was asked if he had paid for the beer, and he replied
that he had not and that he would put it back. At that point, the grievor
took the store keys out of his.pocket and said: "We'll just .put it back."
Detective Hand then said: "No, just hang on to it." Both Mr. Armstrong and
the grievor were advised that they were under arrest. They were cautioned
and taken to the police station.
At the police station, Mr. Armstrong and the grievor were separated. Later
that evening Mr. Armstrong made a complete confession, both with respect
to this theft as well as to other thefts at the Store. He denied, knowing of
anyone else who was involved in taking product from the store. He also
asked for some paper to-write a letter of apology. Mr. Armstrong later
plead guilty and was convicted of theft under $1000.00. For his part, the
grievor also signed a statement. He denied any knowledge of Mr. Armstrong's
theft, and further denied ever having taken any product from the employer.
His statement indicates that he did not ask Mr. Armstrong', at any time, if
he had paid for the fiat of beer, or if he had a receipt for it. The statement
further indicates that the grievor was aware of a store policy with'respect
to sales of product to employees, but was not aware whether it applied to
Assistant Managers such as Mr. Armstrong.
The grievor was also charged with theft under $1000.00. This charge
alleges three separate acts of theft: the one that had allegedly just
occurred, and two other thefts, one in June 1 991 and one in March 1991.
Detective Hand testified that these charges were based on information
supplied to him by Mr. Maciuk and other LCBO employees. The grievor signed
a form promising to appear in court and was then released. On August 12,
1992, the criminal charges against the grievor were dropped on' the basis of
)
( 5 ('
"unreasonable delay" pursuant to the ruling of the Supreme Court of Canada
in R. v. Askov.
Cross-Examination of Detective Hand
In cross-examination, Detective Hand testified that the grievor exited the
store virtually simultaneously with i~r. Armstrong. He refuted the
suggestion that the grievor exited "moments" after Mr. Armstrong,
testifying that they left the store virtually at the same time. At best, they
were separated by a matter of seconds. While Detective Hand asked Mr.
Armstrong if the beer he was carrying belonged to him, he did not ask the
grievor any questions about the ownership of the beer. DetectiVe Hand could
not recall the grievor going to check the back door after he was intercepted
at the front door; nor could he recall the grievor;.walking towards his own
car as if to go home, rather than walking with .the police towards the police
car. Detective Hand had no recollection of having grabbed the grievor's arm
as he moved towards his own car saying at that time "you are under arrest."
Indeed, he had a specific recollection of actually arresting the grievor at
the main exit after the grievor and Mr. Armstrong left the store. It should
be noted that Detective Hand prepared notes of the surveillance and his role
in it during the surveillance and immediately thereafter. These notes were
introduced into evidence and were remarkably consistent with his viva voce
testimony.
Detective Hand could not recall the grievor acting surprised when he was
'placed under arrest. He agreed that Mr. Armstrong's police statement did
not implicate the grievor, or anyone else in acts of theft. In Detective
Hand's opinion, the grievor's statement, at the time of his arrest, namely
"'we'll just put it back" indicated that he was participant in the tlieft. He
I
agreed that he did not challenge the grievor with these remarks, when the
grievor, in his .police statement, denied any involvement in the theft.
Detective Hand testified that he assumed that the grievor was the. Store
tvlanager because he was the person locking the front door. He later found
out that the grievor was not the Store Manager;, that Mr. Armstrong was
acting in that capacity. While Detective Hand was prepared to agree, given
this reporting relationship, that the grievor might not have demanded that
Mr. Armstrong' produce a receipt for the flat of beer, he was of the view
that it would have been reasonablel for the grievor to have asked Mr.
Armstrong if he had paid for the'product. Detective Hand testified that he
would question a superior officer in a case of this kind depending, of
COurse, on what the superior officer was carrying out. With respect to the
alle.gations of theft in June and March 199z; Detective Hand agreed that he
did not, on July 13, 1991, specifically question the grievor with respect to
them..Two additional Statements had been provided to him in support of
these other allegations. One of the statements had been taken by Mr. Maciuk
and Constable Southwell. The other statement was taken by Mr. Maciuk.
Evidence of Salim Murii
Mr. Murji testified. He is a casual employed at the Markham store. He
testified that he was told on. his first day of work that if he wanted to buy
any product, he had to go to the Store Manager or Assistant Manager. That
person Would purchase the product for the employee, take the receipt and
attach it to the bag containing the product. The employee's name would be
written on the bag, and the employee would pick up the bag at the
Conclusion of his or her shift. Mr. I~urji was advised that there were no
exceptions to this procedure.
(- 7 {.'
Mr.' Murji knew the grievor, and testified that they would sometimes go out
for drinks after work. Mr. Murji'testified that he had witnessed the grievor
and Mr. Armstrong steal product. On July' lZ, 1991, he provided Mr. Maciuk
with a written statement. This statement alleges that Mr. Murji had seen
Mr. Armstrong steal product at least five' times since January 1991. The ;
statement also' alleges that he saw the grievor steal a bottle of Silk Tassel
in March 1991. Then, on June 28, 1991, Mr. Murji.saw the grievor remove a
26 ounce bottle of Wiser's Deluxe from the store without paying for it. The.
statement reads: "The store was closed and the cashier's balanced and were
picking up our keys from the store lunch room when he said, '1 was supposed
to get'a bottle of Rye, oh well,-'l will pay for it another time.'" Mr. Murji
testified that he then saw the grievor put the bottle in.a LCBO bag and
remove it from the store. The grievor was Acting Store Manager on this
occasion.
With respect to Mr. Armstrong, Mr. Murji testified that he saw him take
product on numerous occasions, Generally, this would occur after all of the
cashiers had rung off, and so there was no way that Mr. Armstrong could pay
for the product. Mr: Murji did not report Mr. Armstrong's thefts, because Mr.
Armstrong was the Acting 'Manager and Mr. Murji was simply a casual
employee. He testified that he was worried that the employer would not
believe him and that Mr. Armstrong would, in turn, give him a hard time. Mr.
Murji did not report the grievor's, thefts for similar masons. He thought
that as a casual employee he would not be believed.
Mr. t4udi was asked to provide further details about the grievor's alleged
thefts. With respect to the incident in March, Mr. Mudi testified that it
occurred on a night shift after all of the cashiers had rung off. The two of
them were about to leave and they were passing by the section of the store
where rye was stocked. The grievor said that he was supposed to get a
bottle of rye but forgot, and so he took one adding that he would pay for it
later. It was a bottle of Silk Tassel rye which the grievor took to the Cash
and placed in an LCSO bag. The two men then set the alarm, left the store
and locked the doors. Mr. Murji testified that'the grievor did not leave any
money for the rye. Mr. Murji thought that if he said anything about the
incident he might lose his job.
The second theft occurred on June 28, 1991. Mr. ~lurji was absolutely
· certain about that date because some ten .days earlier the Store Manager,
Mr. Jatinder Tandon, had begun spotting Shortages. The grievor'again took
product, and Mr. Murji testified that he did so in the same way as he had the
previous March, The only difference was that this time he took a bottle of
Wiser's Deluxe. Another difference was that this time there was a second
Witness, another employee named Marlo Caggianiello.
Mr. Murji told the Board that a new computer system was put into the store
'around the middle of June.. This new system could accurately identify
inventory shortages. Apparently the Store Manager advised employees that
there were shortages in American beers, and he approached all staff asking
for information. Mr. Murji was approached. At first Mr. Murji did not want
to say anything. Then Mr. Tand°n told him that he better report what he
knew, and so Mr. Murji reported that he had witnessed the grievor and Mr.
Armstrong taking product.
Mr. Murji was scheduled to work on July 13, 1991. He arrived at work at
9:00 a;m. The grievor and Mr, Armstrong were also on duty, as was Marlo
Caggianiello and another employee named Mike Slaughter. Messrs.
Caggianiello and Slaughter are also casuals. Mr. Murji was assigned to the
cash, and he testified that he did not sell either the grievor or
Armstrong any product. Towards the end of the shift, Mr. Murji was in the
office balancing his cash. The new computer system took a little longer
than usual to close the store. Most of the time, all of the employees .leave
together. On this occasion, Mr. Armstrong advised Mr, Murji that he could
leave first. He went to get his car keys and then returned to the office. Mr.
Armstrong again advised Mr. Murji that he could leave, and the other two
'casuals were also.roid to go home. As the three men left the store, they
were approached by the .police and Mr. Maciuk. They were asked who else
was in the store, and they identified the grievor and Mr. Armstrong. All
three men were then asked if either the grievor or Mr. Armstrong had
purchased any product that day, and all three replied that they had not. The
three men were then told to leave.
Cross-Examination of Mr. Murji
In cross-examination, Mr, Murji testified that as a married man, job
Security was extremely important to him. He regularly worked thirty to
forty hours per week. He also testified that .he was friendly with the
grievor, and they would sometimes go out after work together for drinks.
'Mr. Murji does not drink liquor, and so would generally order a coke. He
never saw the grievor drink rye.
Mr. Murji told the Board that he never said anything about the incident in
March because he was worried about his job statds. Even though he was
aware that what the grievor did was contrary to policy, he did not feel he
Could say anything because the grievor was, at the time, his manager. He
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had never seen any other-employee previously take product, and he did not
know how the grievor would respond if he raised the Policy breach with him.
It-was not possible that Mr.. Mudi was confusing the grievor with' another
employee.
On June 28, 1991, Mr. Murji was still on friendly terms' with the grievor,.
and he was still concerned about the grievor taking product because with'
the new computer system it would be' easy to pinpoint missing inventory, It
was pointed out to Mr. Murji that the new computer system would resolve
any credibility issues by providing corroboration for any allegation of theft.
Mr. Mudi agreed that this was true,, but observed that on this .occasion the
grievor said that he would pay on Monday, and he would not have any way of
determining whether this occurred. Mr. Mudi was alarmed by the second
incident, and he believed that the grievor was' placing his job at risk.~
Mr. Murji did not want to report on either the grievor or Mr. Armstrong; he
was friendly with both men. However, he felt somewhat threatened by Mr.
Tandon and decided that he had no choice but to report what he knew.
Although he did not want to be accused of being involved, he knew, because
of the new computer system, that there would be proof of the thefts. In all
of these circumstances, he felt that he. had no .choice but to accede.to Mr.
Tandon's request and to make a full report.
Mr. Murji agreed that there was nothing unusual about ~fr. Armstrong
advising him and the other casual employees that they could leave the store
at the end of their shift.. Store policy only .requires two employees to be
present to close a store, It was common practice for any other employees
present to be told that they Could go home, although in many cases everyone
(:'~' 1 1 m( '
stayed behind and left at the same time.
Re-examination of Rr. Mudi -
In re-examinatiOn, Mr, Murji testified that he was concerned about his own
employment status when he was interviewed by the Store Manager.
However, he was not so concerned about it that he would lie about the
grievor.
Evidence of Marlo Caggianiello
Mr. Caggianiello testified. At the time of the events in question, he had
worked for the LCBO as a casual employee for appr°Ximately one year. As
soon as he began work he was made aware of the store poliCy with respect
to the purchase of product by employees. The process described by Mr.
Caggianiello was virtually the same as earlier testified to by Mr. Murji.
Caggianiello testified that he had a good working relationship with the
grievor.
According to Mr~ Caggianiello, he had seen Mr. Armstrong take product from
the store without paying for it on at least ten occasions. On June 28, 1991,
he was working with the grievor and Mr. Murji. The grievor was in charge of
the store. At the end.of the shift, after the cash was done, the grievor
stated that he was going to a party. He asked Mr. Murji what bottle of rye he
should bring. Mr. Caggianiello was not sure what Mr. Murji then said. The
grievor then went to the back of the store and took a bottle of'Wiser's
Deluxe off the shelf. He left the store without paying for it. At this time,
Mr. Caggianiello, as already pointed out, had worked at the store for only
one year, and he did not feel that he could report this theft as it would be
the grievor's word against his. A short time later, Mr. Caggianiello was
asked about shortages by Mr. Tandon, and he then reported the incident.
Mr.. Caggianiello was asked some questions about the events on Saturday
July 13, 1991. His account of these events closely mirrored that earlier
provided, to the Board by Mr. 'Murji. He testified that neither the grievor nor
Mr. Armstrong purchased any product that day. While it was true enough that'
only two staff are required to stay and close the store,,.Mr. Caggianiello
testified that because it was a Saturday, and because everyone was anxious
to leave, the usual practice was for everyone to wait until all the store
closing tasks had been cOmpleted and for everyone to leave at the same
time. At about 6:IS.p.m., Mr. Caggianiello went to the office. The computer
will still running. He testified that the grievor and Mr. Armstrong told him
to leave. He made sure that this was okay, and upon being assured that it
was, he and the two other employees left. The three men were approached
by the police out'side the store, and after answering a few questions, Mr.
Caggianiello went home. According to Mr. Caggianiello~. the grievor and
Armstrong had a close personal relationship.
Cross~Examination of Mr. Caggianiello
Mr. Caggianiello was asked a number of questions in cross-examination. He
agreed that in June and July 1991 he had a number of cash irregularities,
and that on July 13, 1991 'the grievor had him close his cash a little earlier
than usual so that he would have enough time to balance out.
With respect to his evidence about the various thefts, Mr. Caggianiello was
shown a Copy of a written statement he provided to the police on July 12;
? 991. He agreed that this statement did not describe the June 28, 1991
incident in as much detail as he had described it to the Board.. instead of
referring to the grievor asking Mr. Murji what type of rye he' should take to
a. party, all that the statement says is that "he mentioned something about
'Rye." Mr. Caggianiello.insisted, however, that the account he gave before
the Board was both complete and accurate. Mr. Caggianiello was aware on
June 28, 1991 that the grievor had breached policy, but he was afraid that
he would not be believed. Moreover, he did not think that it was up to him
to say anything about the incident. Mr. Caggianiello agreed that after the
new computer system was installed, his account would be corroborated by
the computer. Mr. Caggianiello still felt that it would be his word against
that of the grievor, and so he did not report the incident.
It was also pointed out'to Mr.,Caggianiello that his word would be
corroborated by Mr. Murji, who also witnessed the June 28, 1991 theft. Mr.
Caggianiello testified that they were both casual employees, and so did not
feel as if they were in a position to do anything about the matter. One
evening, prior to June 28, 1991, Mr. IVturji drove .Mr. Caggianiello home and
the two men discussed what would happen if they were working at the store
and Mr. Armstrong was caught stealing. Both men were concerned about
that prospect and about somehow becoming involved.
Sometime before July; 13, 1991, Mr. Tandon approached Mr. Caggianieilo and
observed that it would be quite difficult for a member of the public to steal
a case of beer. Mr. Caggianiello could tell that Mr. Tandon knew something,
and so he told him what he knew. Mr. Caggianie!lo did not agree that he
implicated the grievor in order to protect, himself. He pointed out that he.
did not benefit from the incident. He is still a casual employee. Mr.
Caggianiello never felt personally at risk because he is not a thief, although
he was concerned that the grievor might say something to the Store
Manager about him and affect him and his hours in that way. Mr. Caggianiello
was not concerned that his problems balancing his cash would lead to his
termination. He was aware of the gdevor's friendship with Mr. Armstrong ·
because he had heard the' two men discussing it. With respect to store
closing, Mr. Caggianiello reiterated his evidence that it was common
practice for everyone to stay at the end of a shift and leave together.
Evidence of Jatinder Tandon
Mr. Tandon testified. He is the Store Manager, and at the time that he gave
evidence in these proceedings, had occupied that position for approximately
seven years. He has been employed by the LCBO for approximately 19 years.
He described the process to be followed by employees wishing to purchase
product, and his description of 'that process did not differ in any material
respect from that p~ovided by Mr. Murji and Mr. Caggianiello. According to
Mr. Tandon, any employee, whether a manger or not, must buy product
through.another employee. The grievor was aware of the LCBO's policy with
respect to the purchase of product by employees, and a copy of the policy
was introduced into evidence. When the grievor was first employed he was
shown 'a copy of the policy, and signed a statement indicating that he fully
understood it,
'Mr. Tandon testified generally about reporting relationships at the Markham
store. He is the Store Manager. Mr. Armstrong was his Assistant Manager,
and the store would ·also be managed by a Clerk 4 and the grievor. All of
these individuals took turns managing the store. Mr. Tandon and the grievor
had a good working relationship prior to his termination.
In June 1991, a new computer system was installed at the store· Prior to
its installation a full inventory was conducted. The new computer system
kept a running count of product sold and inventory remaining,, including the
number of bottles of specific brands. Soon after the system was installed,,
Mr. Tandon went on holiday leaving Mr. Armstrong, a Clerk 4, Mr· Bill
Kingsley, and the grievor in charge· He returned from vacation the second
week of July 1991.
upon his return, Mr. Tandon toOk an inventory of American beer and
determined that seven to eight cases were unaccounted for. He also
determined that the store was short several bottles of rye.. Mr. Tandon was
particularly puzzled by the missing beer, as it would be difficult for a
member of, the public to walk out of the store concealing, a whole case· Mr.
Tandon began an investigation. He spoke with Mr. Murji, Mr. Caggianiello and
with the grievor, among others. Mr. Murji Confessed to witnessing thefts by
Mr. Armstrong and the grievor. Mr. Tandon asked him why he had not
reported these thefts, and Mr. Murji told him that he did'not say anything
because Mr. Armstrong and the grievor were in' charge, that it woUld be
their word against his, and that he was simply a casual employee.
· Mr. Tandon also spoke with Mr. Caggianiello who confessed to witnessing Hr.
Armstrong taking beer as well as seeing the grievor stealing rye on June
28, 1 991. When 'Mr. Tandon asked the grievor if he 'knew anything about
.missing product he denied any knowledge whatsoever. Finally, Mr. Tandon
spoke to Mr. Kingsley Wh'o reported seeing Mr. Armstrong take product on
one occasion, saying as he did that he would pay for it later. After
conducting this investigation, Mr. Tandon contacted his district manager
who in turn coi~tacted LCBO security. Eventually Mr; Tandon met with Mr.
Maciuk on July 12, 1 991. Statements were taken later that day from Mr.
'MudJ and Mr. Caggianiello, Mr. Tandon testified that Mr. Armstrong and the
grievor were good friends who often went- out together. Mr. Tandon
understood that the grievor would periodically stay overnight at Mr.
Armstrong's home. Mr. Tandon knew this because one night the alarm went
off at the store and Mr. Armstrong arrived with the grievor in tow.
Cross-Examination'of Mr. Tandon
Mr. Tandon was asked a number of questions in cross-exammatton. He
testified that when he met with the grievor to discuss shortages, the
grievor did not offer any information whatsoever about the matter. The
grievor also denied knowing of anyone taking productl When Mr. Tandon ·
spoke to Mr. Kingsley, Mr. Kingsley had already discussed product shortage
with Mr. Mudi. Mr. Kingsley was aware at that'time that Mr. Murji had seen
Mr. Armstrong stealing product.
Mr. Tandon was asked about the night the alarm went off at the store. He
was absolutely certain that the grievor and Mr. Armstrong arrived together
in response to it. With respect to the cash balancing difficulties
encountered by Mr. Caggianiello, Mr. Tandon testified that the amounts
involved were not great. While it was a problem, it was not a big problem,
and it was one that could be cured by Mr. Caggianiello paying more
attention.
Evidence of Michael Maciuk
Mr. Maciuk testified. He is an investigator for the LCBO. At the.time of the
hearing he had held that position for approximately five years, and had been
employed by the LCBO for approxir~ately 14 years. He is responsible, among
other things, for responding to allegations about employee theft. On July
1;~, 1991, he received a call from the Acting District Manager requesting a
meeting to discuss problems at the Markham store. A meeting took place
later that day, and that evening .Mr. Maciuk interviewed Mr. Murji, Mr.
Caggianiello and Mr. Kingsley. He asked each of these witnesses open-ended
questions. At the conclusion of the process, he asked all of them to read
their statements and to make any changes they wished. The statements
were then signed and witnessed.' For obvious reason, Mr. Maciuk did not
interview either the grievor or Mr. Armstrong.
After conducting these interviews, Mr~ Maciuk contacted the police. He met
with Detective Hand the next day, and a surveillance was planned for that
e~ening as both the grievor and Mr. Armstrong were scheduled to work. Mr.
Maciuk described the surveillance, and his evidence about how it was
conducted did not differ in any material way from the account earlier
provided by Detective Hand. Mr. Maciuk testified that upon leaving the store,
Mr. Murji, Mr. Caggianiello and Mr. Slaughter all reported that neither the
grievor nor Mr. Armstrong had purchased any product that day. He testified
that Mr. Armstrong then exited the store carrying a flat of beer under his
arm, and the grievor followed immediately thereafter. Mr. Maciuk and the
two police officers approached the grievor and Mr. Armstrong. Mr.
Armstrong was asked if he had paid for his beer, and he replied that he had
not. At that point, the grievor turned around and put the store key into the
door and said "we'll just put it back." Detective Hand said no and advised
both men that they were under arrest. The two men were cautioned. The
grievor did not deny any involvement in the theft. ~
At this point the grievor and Mr. Armstrong were told to accompany the
police to the police car. The beer was put in the trunk and the grievor 'and
Mr. Armstrong were put in the back seat. The two men were taken to the
police station at which time Mr. Maciuk advised both'of them that they were
suspended from employment. He took custody of their store keys. Mr. Maciuk
then advised the Acting District Manager and his Director of' the. evening's
events.
Cross-Examination of Mr. Maciuk
Mr. Maciuk was asked a number of questions about his conduct of the
investigation. He agreed that prior to July 12, 1991 he had no reason to
suspend the grievor. All that he had were the statements of some
witnesses. Mr. Maciuk was aware that the LCBO had installed a computer
system at the Markham store that allowed the store to maintain a running
inventory count.
Mr. Maciuk was asked about his interviewing technique, and he told the
Board that he asked open-ended questions. He also tested the answers ~o
those questions by comparing those answers to computer inventory reports
indicatin§ a loss of product. A copy of one,such report was introduced into
evidence. This report states at the top: "Warning: Store is Open - Counts
May Not Be Accurate." Mr. Maciuk testified that these computer reports
indicated a number of flats of beer were missing.. Beer is very difficult to
shoplift, and he formed the view, based on this fact, that the reports of Mr.
Armstrong stealing beer were probably accurate. The computer report also
indicates a missing bottle of Wiser's Deluxe. Mr. Maciuk agreed that it was
possible that a customer could be holding a bottle during the count, and if
that was so, the particular bottle would not show up either .on the computer
or on the shelf.
Mr. Maciuk was asked how much time passed between the grievor locking
the door on July 1 3, 1991, and Mr. Maciuk and the police approaching him. He
testified that no more than seven or eight seconds passed, and that the
grievor and Mr. Armstrong were walking together when he and the two
police officers approached. Mr.~ Maciuk was absolutely certain that the
grievor said "we'll just put it back," and added that as he did so he turned
towards the store door in an attempt to unlOck it. Mr. Maciuk rejected the
suggestion that the grievor was simply turning back to double-check that
the door was locked.
Evidence of Tony Marcella
Mr. Marcella testified.' At the time of the hearing he was the District
Manager and had been employed by the LCSO for twenty-eight years. He was
away on vacation when the grievor and Mr. Armstrong were arrested, and did
· not return to the office until August 23, 1991. At that time he was made
aware'of the events described in this award, and he conducted his owen
investigation which included interviews with Mr. Armstrong, the grievor,
Mr. Tandon, Mr. Murji, Mr. 'Caggianiello and Mr. Kingsley. Mr. Marcella then
prepared a report. The statements recorded in this report are completely
'consistent with the statements'earlier provided to Mr. Maciuk and the
police, as well as the evidence tendered in this proceeding. Mr. Armstrong
advised Mr. Marcella that the grievor was not involved in the theft, and that
he was no better friends with the grievor than with anyone else' in the
store. The grievor told Mr. Marcella that he was not involved, that he, had
never taken any product from the store and, furthermore, that he was not
aware that Mr. Armstrong was doing so on July 13, 1991. He also told Mr.
zo C.'
Marcella that he and Mr. Armstrong' were fairly good friends. The grievor
was represented by a union official during his interview with Mr. l~arcella.
On August 26, 1991, Mr. Marc'ella submitted a report to Mr. David Marshall,
the Regional Director. This report ended with a number of conclusions:
Re: Jeff Hufnagel
Since Jeff Hufnagel offered no defence regarding,the
removal of product on June 28, 1991, and since it was
witnessed by two employees, ~ can only conclude that the
product was .stolen.
With regard to the theft of product in March 1991
witnessed by Salim Mudi, I am not prepared to make any
evaluation of this issue owing to the vague details (i.e.
date, no other witnesses, etc.)
With regard to the events of July 13, 1991, it is my
determination that Jeff was involved in the theft of the
case of beer. My reason~ are as follows: his comment
that "we'll return the product" seems to be the response
of one who knew that the product was stolen; his
comment that "he did not realize that Brian had taken a
case of beer" seems implausible; the fact that he did not
initially protest to the police; the fact that he was
previously observed takin9 product on June 28, 1991.
I am not inclined to give much weight to Brian
Armstrong's claim that Jeff was not involved as Brian-
lied on a number of issues and both Brian and Jeff were
good friends.. Brian's claim would have had greater
credibility if he had mentioned it initially to the
arresting officers rather than as an after-thought.
...
RECOMMENDATIONS
It is my recommendation that both Brian Armstrong and
Jeff Hufnagel have their employment terminated with the
LCBO as the result of their theft of product.
Both employees were less than credible in their.
statements and neither of them apologized for their
actions.
There is .nothing in their actions that makes me think
this would not happen again and I do not think that I
could ever trust them again.
The LCBO policy of dismissing employees for theft is
consistently applied and I cannot think Of any reason for
it not to be applied in this case.
It should also be noted that this report refers to a statement made by Mr.
Armstrong. with respect to him and another employee having taken product
from the store one day .and paying for it the next day. l~r. Armstrong
asserted that Mr. Tandon was aware of this. This. statement was refuted by
both Mr. Tandon and the other employee said to have been involved.
Cross-Exami'nation of Mr. Marcella
In cross-examination, Mr. Marcella agreed that the grievor denied any
involvement whatsoever in any theft. A July 27_,'1 991 letter to Mr. Marcella
from the grievor was introduced into evidence. It notes that the grievor was'
not in possession of any product when arrested by the police. It further
notes that the grievor has a clean employment record and values his job. It
concludes by stating that the grievor has "caught people stealing from our
store on previo~Js occasions, and as a result,"-find it ludicrous to be 'accused
of said thefts, as I have never stolen anything from my employer." Mr.
Marcella agreed that u~til the grievor was terminated he I~ad a satisfactory
job record. He emphasized, however, that the grievor's record was not taken
into. account in making his 'termination recommendation.
Mr. Marcella testified that it was his view that the grievor was involved in
the incident on July 13, 1991, and this view was strengthened by the fact
that other employees had witnessed the grievor stealing on other occasions.
Mr. Marcella also mentioned .that when he questioned the grievor about the
June 28, 199"1 theft, the grievor refused to provide any information with
respect to it. He said that he was refusing to do so on the instructions of
his lawyer. M'r. Marcella then told the grievor that if he.did not answer
questions with respect to this incident "we may have to assume the worst,"
at which time the grievor advised him that if he had any questions to call
his. lawyer~ Mr. Marcella further indicated that in conducting his
investigation, and in preparing his report,~ he reviewed the various
-statements that were provided by the grievor and others to the police.'
Mr. Marcella agreed that the grievor denied any involvement in any act of.
theft to the police. He also agreed that Mr. Armstrong advised the police
that the grievor was not involved, However, Mr. Marcella did not find Mr.
Armstrong credible, and'did not believe that statement, along with .a
number of other statements which Mr. Armstrong made.- Mr. Marcella might
have believed Mr. Armstrong had he advised the police, when they first
approached him, that the grievor was not involved. Mr. Marcella agreed that
if the grievor was'indeed innocent, then he would have nothing to apologize
for.
The Union's Case
Evidence of Jeffrey Huffnegel
The grievor testified. At the time of his arrest, he was twenty-nine years
old and had worked for the employer since 1985 when he was first hired as
a casual employee. He joined the permanent ranks in 1989, eventually, being
promoted to the position of Clerk 3. He testified that he liked his job, and
that there Were no complaints ab°ut his work. He also testified that he
was aware of store policy with respect to the purchase of product by
employees. He told the Board that he was aware of at least one occasion
when Mr. Tandon allowed Mr. Armstrong 'to take a case of beer home and pay
for it the next day. The grievor later found the money in a special envelope
in the store safe. The grievor was of the view that this kind of
arrangement was permissible between managers.
The griev0r enjoys a beer, but he does not drink liquor.' Some time ago he
had a girlfriend who preferred Silk Tassel rye. The grievor would buy her
bottles from time to time, and he could recall one occasion in March 1 991
... When she called him at work and asked him to pick up a bottle for her. 'The
~ grievor could recall giving the money for this purchase to Mr. Armstrong.
He recalled that the sale was properly rung in by Mr.' Murji, that the receipt
was stapled to the bag and that his name was written on it. According to
the grievor, he was friendly with Mr. Murji; the two of them would eat lunch
together twice a~week, they had attended the wedding of another employee
together, and on that occasion he had seen Mr. Murji drink alcohol. The
grievor categorically denied stealing a bottle of Silk Tassel rye in March, or
"~ stealing anything at any other time. He repudiated the evidence of Mr. Murji
about the March incident in every respect.
With respect to the incident alleged to have occurred on June 28, 1991, the
grievor testified that he did not drink Wiser's Deluxe and that he did not
steal a bottle of it. He repudiated the evidence o'f both Mr. Murji and Mr.
Caggianiello in this respect. The grievor described his routine on July 13,
1991. He testified that it was a normal day. Mr. Caggianiello was taken off
cash first because he was having difficulties in balancing his cash. The
store was closed at the end of the day, and when:it was, the new computer
system took longer than usual to complete the store closing functions.
Given these delays, there was. no reason for the other employees to hang
around and so they were told that they could leave. Th'e grievor then set the
alarm in the office. The grievor did not notice Mr. Armstrong carrying any
beer. After the alarm is set, everyone must be out of the store within 45
seConds; Mr. Armstrong then exited the store and the grievor followed.
As he left the store, the grievor immediately turned around to lock the door..
In doing so he noticed that a number of men were approaching. They:began to
talk to Mr. Armstrong first. The grievor testified that some 10 to 15
seconds passed between the time that he was locking the door and began
making his way towards 'where Mr. Armstrong and the men were 'standing.
He told the Board that these men were addressing their inquiries to
Armstrong, not to him. They asked Mr. Armstrong if he had bought the beer,
and he said that he had not. Mr. Armstr(~ng did not say anything indicating
that the ~riev°r was involved. The grievor did not say."we'll just put it
back." He testified that the beer belonged to Mr. Armstrong not to him.
The grievor did not believe that he was under arrest, so he began to make
his way to the back of the building to ensure that the other door was locked.
He checked that door and then began to move towards his car. One of the
police officers then grabbed him and said that he was also under arrest. The
grievor replied: "me too?" He was then told that he would be briefed at the
station. The grievor testified that he was in shock, and did not know what
was going on. He figured that it would be best not to say anything. He
testified that he gave a statement to the police, and that this statement,
earlier introduced into evidence, was accurate. He als~ testified that he
was good friends with Mr. Armstrong, and that he would attend card parties
at the. Armstrong residence approximately once per month. The grievor was
· not aware that I~r. Armstrong had been stealing prOduct.
Cross-Examination of Mr. Huffnegel
The grievor was asked, a number of questions in cross-examination. He
agreed that he was well aware of LCBO policies regarding both the purchase
of product and the consequences of employee theft. He is of the view that
any employee caught stealing product should be dismissed,even if they have
a clean employment record. He also agreed that Clerk 3's occupy a
significant position of trust, land as a Clerk 3 he was responsibJe for store
keys, security codes and the deposit of funds. Any breach of these
important responsibilities were, in the grievor's opinion, also'juSt cause
for discharge. The grievor further agreed that the employer was entitled to
expect him to be forthright and frank, and he testified that he had no reason
not to be absolutely truthful when responding to requests from the
employer for information. His responsibilities also included reporting any
breaches by others that he was aware of.
/'
The grievor a~greed that his version of events differed in a number' of
important, respects from that provided by witnesses called by the employer. '
In'the case of every material difference.the grievor asse~ted that his
version of events should be preferred.' He was telling the truth; the
witnesses called by the employer were not. Accordingly, Mr. Tandon was
lying when he said that he never allowed Mr. Armstrong to take product'one
day and pay for it the next. Mr. Murji and Mr. Caggianiello were lying when
they said they witnessed the grievor stealing. Detective Hand was lying
when'he reported that the grievor said, upon being approached, that "we'll
just put it back.'' . Mr. Maciuk was also lying in this respect. What really
happened .was that Mr. Armstrong stated: "1'11 just put it back."
The grievor did not know why Detective Hand and Mr. Maciuk would lie about
him. He agreed that he was, at the time, on good terms with Mr. Murji, and
he cannot think of any reason why Mr. Murji would lie. The only explanation
that he could come up with is that his removal would create a permanent
vacancy thus improving Mr. Murji's prospects, of obtaining a full-time
position. The grievor agreed that he had a satisfactory working
relationship with Mr. Caggianiello, but testified that he was a frustrating
employee to supervise. The grievor did not know why Mr..Caggianiello was
lying'about him.
The grievor agreed that he did not, in his statement to the police the night
he was arrested,.denY any knowledge that Mr. Armstrong had taken some
beer. The grievor agreed that he told the police, in this statement, that'he
· "assumed that Brian had purchased the beer." The grievor did not agree that
this meant that he knew that Mr. Armstrong had the beer when he was
locking up the store. The grievor testified that he did not see that
Armstrong had any beer until he left the store and turned around to lock the
door. That is why he told the police that he assur~ed that Mr. Armstrong had
purchased it. The grievor agreed that when Mr. Armstrong was arrested he
was carrying a flat of beer. A flat of beer is an open case comprised of four
six packs. Accordingly, it had to be carried on one's hip.
The grievor identified a detailed chronology of events he had prepared for
'the' benefit of his union advisor. This document was introduced into
evidence, and the grievor was asked a number of questions about it. The
~grievor agreed that he had to go into the office area to arm the alarm
system, and that Mr. Armstrong had to be clOse by when he was doing so or
the motion sensors would pick him up. Accordingly, the grievor could see
Mr..Armstrong at this point. The.grievor agreed that the beer flats were
located by the cash register and are .piled up against the office door.
Somehow, after the system was armed, Mr. Armstrong got a flat and made
his way to the front door. The grievor did not see him do so. He agreed that
he only had 45 seconds to leave the building so that he would have to move
reasonably quickly. At 'some point, Mr. Armstrong handed the grievor the
keys. to the store. The grievor also had to pick up his own keys and
cigarettes, and it must have been at that point that IVtr. Armstrong grabbed a
flat of beer. The grievor reiterated his evidence that he did not become
aware of this until after leaving the store and locking the door. He was
preoccupied with locking the door, and so was not paying any attention to
Mr. Armstrong. The grievor did not agree that it was odd that he could be so
close to someone and not be aware that he or She was carrying a flat of
beer. The reason why IVtr. Armstrong gave him his store keys was because he
was leaving on holiday. .
The grievor told the Board that he did not tell the POlice, or'anyone else for
that matter, that it was Mr. Armstrong wh° said "1'11 put it back." The'
grievor also agreed that he received a letter from the employer asking for a
complete explanation of what had occurred, and that he did. not advise the
employer of Mr. Armstrong's statement in response to that letter, or at any
other time. He agreed that he gave this explanation for the first time in
giving evidence before this Board. The grievor did not provide the same
explanation to Mr. Harcella because he was acting under instructions from
his lawyer not to say anything. The grievor agreed that his evidence before
this Board was the first time that. he provided an explanation for the
alleged March theft. With respect to the June 28, 1991 theft, the grievor'
testified that there was no explanation to give as he was completely
innocent of any wrongdoing. This was also the case with respect to Hr.
Armstrong's theft of a flat of beer on July 13, 1991. The grievor was
questioned about a number of other inconsistencies in the various
statements and letters he had prepared, and suggested that various matters
were not inconsistent but were simply requiring further clarification.
Re-Examination of Hr. Huffnegel
in re-examination, the grievor testified that after he set the alarm he had
to reach to a shelf to get his keys and cigarettes. Heanwhile, Hr. Armstrong
had begun to walk ahead. The grievor was approximately five to ten paces
behind him. Mr, Armstrong went out the door first. When the grievor, exited,
he was preoccupied with locking the door and so did not immediately see
that Mr. Armstrong was carrying a flat of beer.
Evidence of Brian Armstrong
Mr. Armstrong testified. He told the Board that he had not ~spoken with the
grievor since they were both arrested on July .13, 1991. Prior to this
incident, the two men had been friends. Mr. Armstrong discussed the
store-closing process, and testified that he was standing by the main doors
as the grievor was setting the alarm. He testified that the main doors were
¢
some thirty feet away from the office where the alarm pad was located, A
diagram of the store was introduced into evidence, b4r. Armstrong was
holding, a flat of. beer when he was standing by the door, He'could not recall
where the grievor was when he picked it up. Mr. Armstrong described the
manner in which he m W~ standing and the way in which he was holding the
beer. It was, according to this evidence, not in plain Sight of the grievor
who was in the office some distance away.
Mr. Armstrong testified that after the grievor set the alarm, he backed out
of the exit doors and the gFievor followed, m The gFi.evoF then mocked the door.
At this moment,- Detective Hand and the others began to approach. Mr.
Armstrong testified that the grievor did not say anything to the police. He
told the 'Board that he later told the police that the gFievor was not
involved in the incident. He plead guilty. ..
Mr, Armstrong Was shown a copy of the transcript from his trial. Suffice it
to say that the transcript indicates that it was the grievor and not Ivlr.
Armstrong who was the ASsistant Manager of the ~arkham store, ~r,
Armstrong has no idea how his lawyer came to be misinform, ed about that
fact.
Cross-Examination of Ivlr. Armstrong
Mr. Armstrong was asked a number of questions in cross-examination. He 'is
of,the view that' the grievor would not have had the authority to question
him about taking product as he was the Assistant Manager. With respect to
· whether the grievor actually saw him with product, .Mr. Armstrong was of
the opinion that the grievor would have Seen that he was carrying a flat of
(" ' ' " 30 ~':
beer. Mr. Armstrong' insisted that the grievor did not say anything once they
were both out of the store. Mr. Armstrong testified that the' grievor did not
say "we'll just put it back." Mr. Armstrong also did not make this comment,
or any comment like it. 'Mr. Armstrong has no idea why the police would
make this up.
Mr. Armstrong was asked a number of questions about how his lawyer in the
Criminal proceeding came to be misinformed about his employment status.
Mr. Armstrong insisted that he did not know. He also did not accept the
suggestion that this misinformation assisted him as it indicated that the
Manager of the store was also involved in the theft. Simply put, it was
suggested to Mr. Armstrong that the effect of this assertion was to
diminish his responsibility for the theft and in that way benefit his
defence. Mr. Armstrong denied the suggestion. Mr. Armstrong insisted that
the grievor was not involved in his July 13, 1991 theft.
Mr. Armstrong was asked to comment on the evidence of Messrs. Murji and
Caggianiello. According to Mr. Armstron§ bo{h men were lying, as was Mr.
Tandon when he denied ever allowing him to take product one day and pay
for it the next. When asked to provide an explanation or motive,' Mr.
Armstrong testified that he was frequently discriminated against at work,
and he used the word "conspiracy" to describe some of the mistreatment he
had received. He gave a number of examples illustrating the conspiracy, and
suggested that Mr. Tandon never liked him.
Evidence of Anita Wiedemann
Ms. Wiedemann testified. At the time of her evidence she was employing
'the grievor as a bartender at a restaurant called Graystones. She has known
the grievor for approximately four years. Ms. Wiedemann first met the-
grievor when he visited her restaurant as a customer. She .later learned that
he had lost'his job, and she was aware of the reason why..The grievor has
worked for her on a part-time basis for approximately two-and-a-half
· years. Ms. Wiedemann has Complete trust and confidence in the grievor, and
could' not believe that he had been accused of theft. In his job at Graystones,
the grievor handles cash. Ms. Wiedemann completely.trusts him. She has no
doubts about his honesty, reliability and trustworthiness. She described
the grievor as a refined individual.
Cross-Examination of Ms. Wiedemann
In cross-examination, Ms. Wiedemann agreed that she was not involved in
the' LC80 investigation and did not know anything about it. She also agreed
that sometimes people do certain things, and when their friends and
families find out they cannot believe that the person behaved in that way
way as the behaviour is inconsistent with their experience of the particular
individual. This does not, however, mean that the person in question had not
behaved in the particular way.
The evidence having been completed, the matter turned to argument.
Employer Argument
In employer counsel's submission, the evidence adduced in this case more
than amply established that the employer had just cause to suspend and
then terminate the grievor's employment. Counsel pointed out that the
evidence of virtually every witness called by management was consistent.
The .only'inconsiStencies in this case were in the evidence of the grievor'
and Mr. Armstrong. There was no reason for Messrs..Murji and Caggianiello
to lie about the grievor, and counsel suggested 'that their evidence should be
believed. It Was pointed out that neither of these-employees accrued any
benefit from their participation in this matter. Likewise, the evidence of
Detective Hand and Mr. Maciuk was,infinitely preferable to the version of
events provided by the grievor. Neither of these individuals had any reason
to lie, and there was every 'reason to believe that they were telling the
truth. In the employer's view, there was no reason to believe that the
' grievor was telling the truth.
Counsel argued that the grievor's statement, "we'll just put it back," was
extremely significant. It indicated that the grievor knew about the theft
and was involved in it. This conclusion was reinforced by the fact that the
grievor did not protest his innocence at the time' of his arrest, and that he
had been witnessed stealing product on Other occasions. It was also
noteworthy that Mr. Armstrong testified that the grievor must have seen
him carrying the flat of beer. Speaking of Mr. Armstrong, counsel suggested
that his views notwithstanding, there was no even a hint of a conspiracy
against either him or the grievor.
A number of cases were referred to in support of the employer's submission
that both grievances should, on their merits, be dismissed. Of note is the
Board's decision in Menzies 102/83 (Weatherill). in that case an employee
was dismissed fOr theft. He Was also criminally charged. He was acquitted
at trial. The Board made the following observations:
The grievor was acquitted on charges of theft (one
charge being withdrawn). With. gr.eat respect, it would be
our view too, on the evidence before us, that there is
"reasonable doubt" as to these events. Given the Standard
of proof which applies (quite properly in our view) in
these proceedings, which are .very different from
criminal proceedings, it must nevertheless be our
conclusion that the grievor did not properly record these
transactions and did not account for the proceeds. Such
is our finding (at 6-7).
-The grievor's discharge in Menzies was accordingly upheld and his grievance
dismissed. Counsel urged that the Board reach the same result in the
instant case noting that the' grievor had not even gone to trial.
Union Argument
In the union's submission, the Board should begin its deliberations with a
review of the dismissal letter. That letter, dated' August 30, 1991, states
that it "was evident that" the grievor "was responsible for the theft of
product from the LCBO." The letter adds that in these circumstances his
working relationship could not be sustained and that he was therefore
terminated for cause effective July 13, 1991. Union counsel argued that
the evidence did not establish that the grievor was responsible for the
theft of product from the LCBO. Instead, the evidence established that Mr.
ArmstrOng was respOnsible and there was no r. eason, in these
circumstances, why the grievor should be attributed With responsibility for
the theN.
Turning to the evidence, counsel 'pointed out that it has been long '
established, in cases involving allegations of employee theft, that while
the civil standard applies, a board of arbitration must, if finding that the
alleged offence actually occurred, be satisfied on the basis of clear and
convincing evidence. Counsel Cited the Board's awards in IrWin 1377/86
34' (~ ....
(Slone) and Tsialtas 282/79 (Eberts) in.support of this proposition, Counsel
argued that the evidence adduced in this case did not meet that test.
With respect to the specific allegations made against the grievor, it was
noteworthy that Mr. Murji had' very few details about the incident said to
have occurred in March 1997. Counsel urged the Board to disregard that
evidence, and not take that alleged incident into account in deciding
whether the employer acted with just cause. Counsel also pointed out that
the grievor presented a perfectly plausible expl.anation for the June 28,
1991 incident, and here he suggested that the Board prefer the grievor's
account to that of either Mr. Murji or Mr. Caggianiello.
· Indeed, counsel suggested that insofar as matters, of credibility were
concerned, there were a number of reasons to believe the grievor in
Preference .to Mr. Mudi. Counsel.argued that Mr. Murji was concerned.about
his job security, and that .his evidence should be considered in that context.
When Mr. Tandon began making inquiries about missing product, Mr..Mudi
felt threatenedl and this might explain why he said what he said. Counsel
also pointed out that there were a number of inconsistencies in his
evidence, Mr. Mudi's written statement was not nearly as detailed as his
viva voce testimony. Moreover, there were a number of inconsistencies
going to credibility. Mr. Mudi testified.that prior to reporting the grievor's ·
alleged thefts he had not discussed it with anyone. However,. Mr.
Caggianiello testified that he and Mr. Mudi discussed the issue one night
while driving home. in all of these circumstances, counsel urged the ~Joard
&o disregard Mr. Mudi's evidenCe about having seen the grievor commit theft
on June 28, 199,1.
Counsel urged the Board to reach a similar conclusion with respect to the
evidence of Mr. Caggianiello. Counsel suggested that Mr. Caggianiello might
also have felt threatened by Mr.-Tandon, and that feeling may have been
exacerbated by the fact that he 'was having cash, shortages and that his
employment was quite possibly in jeopardy in the result. It was extremely
odd, counsel argued, that neither man reported the incident alleged to have
taken place on June 28, 1991, as they both purportedly witnessed it.
Counsel argued that it was simply not reasonable, in these circumstances,
to accept their explanation that they would not be believed. After all,
counsel pointed out, they could corroborate each other, and their
statements would find further support from the new computer inventory
system. This was yet another reason for the Board to find their evidence
less than credible and to prefer that presented by the grievor.
Counsel candidly conceded, that there was no evidence of a conspiracy in
this case. There was, however, evidence that Mr. Armstrong did not get
along with some employees, and that he had a number of unresolved
grievances with respect t° previous mistreatment. Counsel urged the Board
not to focus on the specific word'Mr. Armstrong choose to describe his
feelings about the cause of the treatment he had received; rather, counsel
urged the Board to give its attention to the key evidence which he
presented, namely his testimony that the grievor was not involved in the
events of July 13, 1991.
In the union's view, there was no proof of the grievor having committed any
acts of theft in March or June 1991. And there was .no evidence that he was
in any way involved with Mr. Armstrong's act of theft on July 13, 1991.
Counsel argued that the evidence did not indicate that the grievor was
involved in this theft. Rather,. 'it was to the exact opposite effect. The
grievor did not say anything when apprehended by the police because Mr.
Armstrong had already confessed. Counsel also pointed out. that the 9rievor
was in.a state of shock, but still believed that he was not involved as was
indicated when he attempted to make his way to his own car to go home..
Counsel urged the Board to'believe Mr. Armstrong's evidence that he alone
was involved in the theft, and not to make too much of the fact that the
grievor was referred to as Mr. Armstrong's manager at Mr.' Armstrong's
criminal trial. In the union's view, the fact that Mr. Armstrong did not
interrupt a criminal trial to correct a factual mistake could not assist the
Board in making determinations about his credibility. There was no reason
for Mr, Armstrong not to tell the truth about the grievor's non-involvement
in his theft, and counsel urged the Board to find that he was in fact telling
the truth in this respect.
The grievo? was also, the union argued, telling the truth when he denied
saying "we'll just put it back." That statement does not indicate ownership
of the product, and even if the griev0r did say it, or something like it, that
did not mean that he was involved in the theft. It was important to recall,
in this regard, that the grievor, unlike I~r. Armstrong, was not asked at the
time of the arrest whether the beer belonged to him. On' every occasion that
the grievor has been asked that question he has consistently denied
ownership or theft. It was entirely appropriate, counsel suggested, for the
Board to find that the grievor did not even know about the beer until after
he left the store. Counsel pointed out that the grievor was preoccupied
with setting the alarm and locking up. 'There was no reason for him to focus
his attention on Mr. Armstrong as he Went about these different tasks. In
addition, Mr. Armstrong was the Assistant Manager, and it would not be
surprising if ~the grievor was reticent, even if he saw him carrying out
product, to challenge him in that respect, counsel pointed out that nothing
in the employer's policies With respect to the purchase of product manda~ted
subordinates to question managers about the manner in which they had
purchased product.
In counsel's submission, the grievor had been entirely forthright throughout
these entire proceedings..Moreover, the grievor exuded'truthfulness. What
was really' unfortunate in this case was that if the police had just Waited a
few more minutes they would have seen the .grievor and Mr. Armstrong head
off in different directions, and that would have conclusively established
that the grievor was not involved in the theft.
~. In other submissions, counsel suggested that it was hardly surprising that
the grievorls police statement did not refute the March 1991 and June 28,.
1991 allegations of, theft as those allegations were not brought to his
· attention. Counsel also suggested that little significance could be
attributed to the fact that the grievor did not provide details of the June
zS, 1991 incident when questioned by Mr. MarCella. The'grievor had been
advised by his lawyer not to comment on this matter, and he was simply
following his lawyer's advice. The grJevor was entitled to maintain hiS.
right to silence, and-counsel suggested that it was 'inappropriate for the
employer to draw negative inferences from him having done so.
Finally, counsel argued that the character evidence of Ms. Wiedemann was
probative and useful. This witness was adamant in her view that the
grievor was' trustwor~thy. She considered the allegations of theft ridiculous
and unbelievable. Counsel urged the BOard to reach the same conclusion, and
argued that the Board should, on the evidence before it, order that the
grievor be reinstated forthwith, and fully compensated for all losses
incurred as a result of his unjust suspension and termination. Counsel asked
the Board to remain seized with respect to the implementation of its '
award.
Decision
Having carefully considered the evidence and arguments Of the parties, we
have come to the conclusion that both grievances should be dismissed. As
nOted at the outset of this award, 'given ~our determination of the merits of
the matters in dispute, it has not been necessary for us to either review the
evidence with respect to the timeliness objection made by the employer or
· to make any findings in that respect. Simply put, having heard all of the
evidence in this case we are of the. view that both grievances fail on their
merits. There is, therefore, no need'to rule on the employer's preliminary
objection that the termination grievance was out of time.
Turning to the merits of this matter, and mindful of the requirement that
the evidence must, in cases of this kind, be clear, cogent and compelling on
the balance of probabilities, we find that the employer did indeed have just
cause to suspend and then terminate the grievor. Having heard all of the
witnesses, and having had an opportunity to assess their credibility, we are
of the view that the evidence of the Detective Hand, Mr. Maciuk, Mr. Mudi,
Mr. Caggianiello, Mr. Tandon and Mr. IVtarcella should be preferred to that of
the grievor and Mr. Armstrong. There were many conflicts in the evidence
presented by the different witnesses who appeared in these proceedings.
On balance, it is our view that the~e conflicts must be resolved in favour of
the witnesses who testified on behalf of the employer. In the
circumstances of this particular case we do not give much weight to
Wiedemann's ,evidence of the grievor's good character.
In our view, the evidence of all of the witnesses called by the employer was
consistent and persuasive. There was no reason whatsoever for Messrs.
Murji and Caggianiello to lie, and we find their evidence truthful. Obviously
they 'should have come forward before they did, but it is hardly surprising
that casual employees would be reluctant to report acts of theft committed
by the Assistant Manager and another employee Who often acted as the
manager. Certainly their failure to come forward with this evidence before
being questioned by Mr. Tandon does not lead us to conclude that their
evidence was fabricated. We find, on the basis of this evidence, that the
'grievor did indeed take product from the store on June 2_8, 1991, and
possibly, if not probably, did s'o on another occasion.
We also find that the grievor knew that Mr. Armstrong was stealing product
form the store on July 13, 1 991. The evidence.strongly suggests that the
grievor was, at least implicitly, involved in this theft, and this suggestion
.finds support in his statement to Detective Hand and Mr. Maciuk that' "we'll
just put it back." The grieVOr denied making this statement, but we find,
based on the evidence of Detective Hand and Mr. Maciuk, that he did indeed
do so. (The evidence of Detective Hand indicates that Mr. Armstrong made a
similar suggestion, although Mr.. Armstrong denied doing so.) In any event,
the weight of evidence clearly indicates that the grievor made this
statement, and his use of the word "we," along with his suggestion that the
product should simply be put back indicates to us that he was involved in
'the theft. At the very least, it indicates responsibility for it.
A few other observations are in order. 'Mr. Armstrong testified that the
grievor was not involved in his July 13, 1991 theft. He also told the .Board
that the grievor had to have seen him carrying product out of the store. He
made various other statements in his evidence, as well as during the
employer's 'investigation of this matter. Suffice it to say that Mr.
Armstrong's various version Of events (as presented during the employer's
investigation' as well as during these proceedings), is so full of
inconsistencies that his testimony with respect to the grievor's
non-involvement in ~the ~July 13; 1 991 theft can hardly be given much
weight. Moreover, having read his trial transcript, we are left with little
doubt but that the misinformation received by the court, to the effect that
the grievor was Mr. Armstrong's manager and not the reverse, and .that the
griev0r Was also involved in the theft, served Mr. Armstrong's personal
'interests. Very simply, in our view, Mr. Armstrong was not a credible
witness. ~
Union counsel expressed some concern that the grievor's failure to provide
Mr. MarCella with an explanation for the June. 28, 1991 theft was :
inappropriately used by the employer as a basis for termination. Had this
been the only basis for the grievor's termination we might share that
concern. The grievor may have been improperly advised by his lawyer not to
assist in the employer's investigation. But the fact of the matter is that
this incident was just one of a number that led Mr. Marcella to conclude
that the grievor had engaged .in such serious misconduct so as to result in a
termination recommendation. In any event, there was no need for the
grievor to wait until giving evidence before this Board to provide.the
employer with an explanation in respect Of either the March '1 991 and June
;>8, 1991 allegations of theft.
.\
At the end of the day, and having carefully considered the evidence of two
of the grievor's co-workers who have nothing to.gain by not telling the
; truth, as well,as the evidence of Detective Hand and Mr. Maciuk, we are left
with no choice but to conclude that the grievor was responsible' for theft of
.:. LCBO product. There was, therefore, just cause to both suspend him and
' discharge him. This employment relationship has been irrevocably damaged,
and given the fact that the grievor has maintained his innocence, this is not
a case where mitigation principles' would be appropriately applied.. Both
grievances are accordingly dismissed.
'DATED at Toronto this 5th day of August, 1994.
William Kaplan
Vice-Chairperson
.~..~.
I Dissent "Dissent Attached'"
E. Seymour
Member
'bt.' O"roole
Member
G. 8. B. FILES 1594/91, 2990/91 O.L.B. E. U.
( Hufnegle )
- and -
The Cro~n in Right of Ontario
(Liquor Control Board of Ontario)
Edward E. Seymour, Employee Nominee
DISSENT
I have read the Majority Award, and find that I must, with
respect, dissent.
My concern with the decision arises from Store Manager
Mr. Jatinder (Jay) Tandon's .immediate actions upon learning of ~he
shortages. Mr. Tandon testified that prior to the installation of
the new computer system in June, 1991, ~a full inventory wa~
conducted. Shortly after the'installation, Mr.. Tandon went on his
holidays, returning the sec0nd~week of July, 1991.
Upon his return, as outlined in the majority decision, Mr.
Tandon "took an inventor~ of American beer,' and determined that
Seven or eight cases were unaccounted for: He also.determined the
store was short several bottles of rye." Mr. Tandon began his o~a7
investigation; he spoke to Mr. Salim Murji, Mr. Mario Caggianiello,
and Mr. jeff Hufnegle (the griever) among others. He spoke to them
individually and separately.
We heard no evidence as to the order in which he spoke to
these individuals, and how much time elapsed between each
interview, nor do we know if the individuals interviewed interacted
with one another following each interview. We do know, from
Mr. Murji's evidence, that .upon his return from holidays,
Mr. Tandon asked him if he knew anything about the shortages.
Murji declared he was "reluctant to point fingers," but was
Page 2
informed there was U.S. beer missing, and Mr. Tandon said it had to
be one of the staff.
Mr. Mario Caggianiello testified, under cross-examination,
that when Mr. Tandon came back from holidays, he asked what was
going on, referring to the shortage of product, and that he knew it
was someone in the store. Mr2 Caggianiello agreed that being asked
bY Mr. Tandon about the shortage would alert him to the fact that
he knew about the theft of product.
Both Mr. Murji and Mr. Caggianiello po'inted to Mr. Armstrong
and Mr. Hufnegle as having taken product.
I have grave concerns regarding Mr. Caggianiello's performance
in cross-examination. When Union Counsel asked him questions a~out
whether he felt himself implicated when Mr. Tandon told him of his
suspicions, he responded, "What do you mean? I don't know, I was
not there, I did not know what happened, I thought there was a
chance to have my hours cut. So many things were going through my
mind." He also said, "I don't steal, I know they would not catch
me." I found Mr. Caggianiello t° be quite defensive and, at'times,
arrogant in his responses.
There is absolutely no evidence to suggest that either
Mr. Murji or Mr. Caggianiello was responsible in any way for the
theft; however, the manner in which Mr..Tandon conducted himself
immediately following the discovery of missing product tarnished
the effectiveness'of any investigation from that point.
I have no problem with the manner in which the investigation
was conducted once Mr. Masiuk became involved, up to, and including
the arrest; however, the opportunity to conduct a proper investiga-
tion had, by that point, been tainted. While I accept Mr. Tandon's
actions were well-meaning, to have revealed his awareness that
product was missing, and his suggestion, that he suspected the
culprit(s) to be an employee(s) of the L.C.B.O., destroyed any
opportunity for a proper investigation to be conducted.
The actual store surveillance occurred on July 13. Mr. Tandon
returned from his vacation t~e second week of July, and he conduc-
ted interviews with Mr. Murji, Mr. Caggianiello, Mr. Hufnegle and
others between his return and the surveillance. All of those
interviewed, and who also testified, were informed that product was
missing, and that they, along with other employees, were suspects.
It is absolutely inexplicable why,. having that knowledge, that
Mr. Hufnegle would steal product from the store so soon after those
revelations were made.
There was no evidence tendered as to whether Mr. Armstrong was
interviewed, or that he was aware of Mr. Tandon's suspicions of
theft.
We are now left with the arrest itself, and its aftermath.
This panel of the Board heard considerable testimony regarding ~he
procedure followed during store-closing, i.e., the setting of the
alarm, turning out of lights, and gathering of personal belongings.
From the setting of the alarm, employees have only 45 seconds to
vacate the premises.
In the haste in which these activities must be executed, it is
quite conceivable that Mr. Hufnegle could look directly at
Mr. Armstrong, and fail either, to have it register that he was
carrying a case of beer, or that it might not.have been paid for.
I do not disagree with the evidence of either Detective Hand
or Mr. Masiuk about what transpired when Mr. Armstrong and
Mr. Hufnegle exited the premises. I am aware of, and accept
entirely .Detective Hand's and Mr. ~Masiuk's evidence that
t
Mr. Hufnegle offered to put the beer back. I accept their evidence
over'Mr. Hufnegle's, and agree he made the comments attributed to
him; however, Mr. Hufnegle denied, and maintained~his denial of the
theft'of any product from the outset, up to and including these
proceedings.
Had Mr. Tandon not informed any employees of his suspicions,I
and had the surveillance occurred without any employee being aware
of the Employer's knowledge of the thefts, and the events occurred
as they did on the 13th, I woul'd have agreed with the Majority.
In the circumstances, and for the reasons cited above, and
despite the fact that I have concerns regarding Mrs. Hufnegle's
comment, "We will put it ba~k," I do not believe that that, in and
of itself, warranted dismissal; I would, therefore, have reinstated
the griever under the conditions requested by the Union.
~seymou~, Empl6yee Nominee