HomeMy WebLinkAbout1991-2308.Falcioni.92-07-21 ONTARIO EMPLOYES DE LA COURONNE
CROWN EMPLOYEES DE &'ONTA RIO
GRIEVANCE C,OMMISSION DE
SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS
180 DUNDAS STREET WEST, SUITE 2. ~00, TORONTO, O~tTARtO,
180, RUE DUNDAS OUEST, F~UREAU £I00, TORONTO (ONTARIO). MSG
2308/91
~N THE I~tTTER OF
Unde~
THE CROt~F~PLOYEEB COlLECTiVE B~G~ZNZNG ~CT
~ GRZ~CE 8ETT~~ BO~
BE~EN
0~ (Falcioni)
grievor
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Libor Control Board of ontario)
~ployer
BEFOg: W. Kaplan Vice-Chai~erson
I. Thomson Me, er
D. Montrose Me, er
FOR ~ C. Flood
~RI~OR Counsel
Koskie & Minsky
Barristers & Solicitors
FOR THE S. Gleave
EMPLOYER CounseZ
Hicks, Morley, Hamilton, Stewart, Storie
Barristers & Solicitors
FOR THE , T. Orendorff
THIRD PARTY Counsel
Orendorff, Vrbanac
Barristers & Solicitors
HE~RING June 11, 1992
Introductiop
By a grievance dated August 26, 1991, Nata{ie Falcioni, an LCBO employee in
Sudbury, grieves that she was unjustly denied a permanent full-time
.position contrary to the provisions of the Collective Agreement. By way of
remedy, the grievor~seeks the position in question as welt as retroactive
compensation and seniority. This case proceeded to a hearing in Sudbury.
The incumbent, Mr. Andrew Battistoni, was notified of these proceedings
and he attended with counsel. At the commencement of the hearing, counsel
for the employer and counsel for the incumbent raised a number of
preliminary issues.
First of all, counsel for the incumbent advised the Board that he had only
been retained that morning and was not prepared to proceed. Mr, Orendorff
advised the Board that his partner was to have appeared as counsel but that
a pressing personal problem intervened, precluding his participation. In the
result, Mr. Orendorff was cab[ed in and in the circumstances requested an
adjournment. Counsel for the employer did not support that request, nor did
union counsel. It being apparent that only the timeliness issue would be
addressed on the first day of hearing, the Board rejected the request, and
evidence and arguments were heard with respect to the timeliness issue.
However, before that issue could be addressed, a further objection was
made with respect to the right of the incumbent to make representations on
the timeliness issue,
Counsel for the union took the position that the mat~er of timeliness was
one between the parties. While the incumbent was certainly entitled to
participate once the merits of the case were under review, he and his
counsel were not, in the union's submission, entitled to participate in this
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pre{fminery objection. That object, on arose out of the Collective Agreement,
an agreement between the union end the employer, and any issue of
jurisdiction was between the parties. Counsel also took the position that
expanding the scope of the incumbent's par[.icipatton to preliminary
objections on jurisdiction woutd unnecessarily {ertgth, en the proceedings and'
thereby prevent the expeditious determination of preliminary questions.
Union courtsel further noted that the interests of the incumbent in this
preliminary objection were being pursued by counset for the employer.
Counsel for the incumbent took the position that he was entitled to
participate in this part of the proceedir~gs, as (:lid counsel for the empioyer
who referred the Board to a r~umber of authorities on poir~t,~JncJuding ~Re
.!~e.R~p For Hu~nan Rights c~f B'NAi larith Can~cla (1986) 28 O.L.R. 264; ~
[~gvernme~ of Pj'ovil~C-CLgf ~be, rta, (1988) 32 L.A.C. (3d) 353 (McFetridge); Re
Bdtist] Columbia IrlFtitute of T~chnolQgy (1979) 24 L.A.C. (2d) 129 (Hope);
and .Re Cgrl2orat~on o.f.the City of Rr. antforct (unreported decision of Burkett
July 21, 1989). in brief, it was emptoyer counsel's submission that the
incumbent wes entit(ed to participate in the preI(minary objection because
the disposition of that objection had the p0tentiat to affect his position. In
cotznsel's view, given that the incumbent's rights couJd 13e affected, he had an
interest in the proceedings and a legal right to participate.
After a. bdef recess, a majodty of the Board ruled that the incumbent was
entitled to participate in the preliminary objection as the determination of '
that objection could involve the disposition of his rights. Very simply,
nature{ justice required that the incumbent be heard on any part of the case
that could affect his interests. There was no cogent or principled reason
why the incumbent shouid be forced to rely on 'the employer to protect his
interests if he wished to independently retain and instruct counsel.
The first two preliminary objections having been disposed of, evidence and
arguments were heard with respect to the timeliness objection. In order to
decide that objection, it is necessary to review some of the evidence with
respect to'the running of the competition.
The Em. pl.over's Evidence
On November 2, 1990, the employer posted fora wine consultant position in
Store 585 in Sudbury. This position was open to all permanent full- and
part-time clerks. One of the qualifications for the position was oral
intermediate French-language skills. Among other duties, the job involves
advising customers about Vintages products. There was one applicant for
the job, I~ut that person failed to pass the French test. As a result, the job
was re-posted on December 10, 1990. This time, the job. was open to all
casual employees. The qualifications remained the same. The grievor, a
casual employee, applied for the'job following the second posting. So too
did the incumbent and two other persons, Ms. Durigon and Mr. Eaton. Ail of
these persons were casual employees with varying Ievels of seniority. The
grievor had 4,832 hours of seniority and the incumbent had 4,972 hours of
seniority.
The applications were screened by a selection committee composed of Mr.
Duhamet, the Manager of District #2, Mr. Fagan, the Manager of Vintages for
the LCBO and Mr. Kotilehtit, the Manager of Store 585. Following a reading
of the grievor's application and resume she was given a score of 74%. The
incumbent was given a score of 83%. All the applicants were interviewed
on January 30, 1991. The interview.process had three parts: a question
period, a written test and a product testing. For the first part, the grievor
received a score of 74/100 and the.incumbent received a score of 81/100.
F(~r the second part, the grievor received a score of 28.5/52 and the
incumbent received a score of 39.5/52. For the third part, the grievor
received a score of 7/17 and the incumbent received a score of 12/17. Mr.
· Eaton dropped out of the process at this point, having done poorly in the
examih~ions.
Following this process, Mr. Duhamet, who is no I0nger an employee of the
LCBO, advised Ms. Clements-Pitchkur, the Coordinator of Human Resource
Services for the Northern Region, that he was satisfied with all three
applicants and that they should be given the French test. Letters were sent
to each of these persons congratulating them for having successfully
passed the interview. The next step was the French test.
That test took place on February 12, 1991. It was'conducted by Ms.
Clements-Pitchkur and consisted of two parts: comprehension and oral
competence. The grievor received a score of 13/14 for comprehension, and
the incumbent received a score of 14/14. The gdevor received a score of
11.5/20 for oral competence and the incumbent received a score of 10.5/20.
Ms. Clements-Pitchkur assessed the grievor as competent, and failed the
incumbent. On February 14, 1991, the grievor was advised that she had
passed the French test and the incumbent was advised that he had failed.
In the normal course of events, the selection committee would have then
made a recommendation to the Director, Mr. H. Adamson, as to which person
should be given the position. Normal practice was not followed. Instead,
Mr. Duhamet advised the incumbent on February 25, 1991 that he had got the
job. The next day he told the grievor that she had been unsuccessful. That
day, February 26, 1991, the grievor telephoned Ms. Clements-Pitchkur. She
was not available, and the g .rievor spoke twice that day with her secretary,
Ms. Heidi McNeil.
Ms McNeil testified about that conversation. She testified that the grievor
asked her about the job, and that the grievor was very upset abot}t the
outcome of the competition. The grievor indicated surprise about the
outcome as she said that she was aware that she had scored higher than Mr.
Battistoni on the French-language test. The grievor also told her that she
had been advised about the outcome of the competition by Mr. Duhamel, who
telephoned her at home.
In the result, management reviewed the competition and determined that
Mr. Duhamel acted inappropriately in saying that the grievor had
successfully passed the first part of the competition, namely the
knowledge and skiJfs part. Moreover, some concerns were also raised with
respect to the French-language test, and the tapes of that test were sent on
March 5, 1991 for review to the Coordinator of French-language services
for the LCBO, Ms. Dorais. She reported back several days later that none of
the applicants had sufficient proficiency to pass oral intermediate French,
and Ms. Dorais concluded that Ms. Durigon was the best of the three.
'Apparently, Ms. Dorais's opinion was corroborated by some other
government agency in Toronto. The tapes of the French test were
subsequently destroyed.
Ms. Clements-Pitchkur testified. She told the Board that she wrote the
grievor two letters on March 18, 1991. The first letter told her that she
had been unsuccessful in the competition, and the second advised her that
it had been determined that none of the candidates had sufficient French
proficiency. "Consequently, the final decision was based upon the
candidates performance at the selection process (i.e., =interview + written
- t~t + tasting test)." Ms. Clements-Pitchkur testified that after sending
these letters she did not have any direct communication with the grievor
until August 26, 1991 when.the grievance was filed, although on July 8,
199t, Ms. Clements-Pitchkur received a request from the gdevor under the
Freedom of Information Act to look at the competition file, and the grievor
was given all the information that contained her name.
The Upign's Evidence
The grievor testified.' She testified that Mr. Duhamel called her at home on
February 25, 1991, He left a message, and the grievor returned the phone
call the next day. On February 26; 1991, Mr. Duhamet told the grievor that
she had been unsuc(~essful in the job competition because Mr. Battistoni '
was more qualified. Mr. Duhamel told the grievor that if she had any
questions she should direct them to Ms. Clements-Pitchkur. The grievor
called Ms, Ctements~Pitchkur, and spoke to Heidi McNeil. The grievor's
evidence of that conversation was consistent with that of Ms. McNeil. The
grievor testified that she was not thinking about filing a grievance at that
time; rather she wanted to find out more about the French test, having
heard that Mr. Battistoni had not passed. When the gdevor subsequently
received the two letters dated March 18, 1991, she did not know that she
had any rights under the Collective Agreement.
That same day, the grievor had a meeting with Mr. Duhamet. This meeting,
which was initiated at Mr. Duhamel's request, took place in his office. When
the grievor went in, Mr. Duhamel reviewed the letter dealing with the
grievor's lack of French-language proficiency. The grievor testified that he
told her that the tapes had been tested by the government and that the
grievor should be satisfied with the result. The grievor testified that she
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told him that she was upset, and that Mr. Duhamel replied that she should
take no further action "or else." The grievor testified that she did not know
what he was referring to, and she thought that by saying "or else" Mr.
Duhamei was threatening to transfer her to another store where she would
get fewer hours.
The griever testified that she stilt felt unsatisfied about what had
happened, and so at the suggestion of her boyfriend she made a Freedom of
information Act request for competition materials. That request was made
on July 5, 1991 and she received some materials on August 6, 1991. Among
the materials that the griever had requested were the French-language
tapes, and it was at this time that she learned that the tapes had been
destroyed. The grievor still had no first hand information that the
incumbent had failed the French language test, although there were rumours
to that effect. The grievor stated that she only received confirmation that
the incumbent had failed the test the morning of the hearing.
After reviewing the Freedom of Information package the grievor consulted a
union representative, Charlie More. The grievor knew who Mr. More was; but
had never contacted himpreviously and had never filed a grievance. Mr.
More told the grievor that he would have to check into it. He apparently did
so and then advised the grievor that she had rights under the collective
agreement. The grievor then made a complaint to her supervisor on August
15, 1991, and when she received no answer to that complaint she filed her
grievance. Less than ten days elapsed between the making of the complaint
and the filing of the grievance. The first time the grievor ever saw a copy
of the Coltective Agreement was when Mr. More showed it to her just prior
to the filing of her grievance.
tn cross-examination by the employer, the grievor testified that this was
the first posting that she had applied for. She testified that she had heard
'the word grievance before but did not know what it was. She also knew
that there was a union representative, but thought that he only represented
full-time employees, not casual employees such as herself. The grievor'
agreed that she thought she had a problem in February when Mr. Duhamel
told her that she was not getting the job. The grievor agreed that the March
18, 1991 fetter regarding the French test indicated that everyone had failed
the test, and so she knew before this hearing that the incumbent had also
failed, When asked why she did not file a grievance at this point, the grievor
testified that she did not think she could do anything about it.
The grievor also testified that she knew that there was a Collective
Agreement covering casual employees, and she also. knew that it wes the
most qualified employees who .were awarded positions in job competitions.
The grievor expanded her evidence about the March 18, 1991 meeting with
Mr. Duhamel, and she testified that he raised his voice, and that she was
afraid of him transferring her to another store because he did that to people
who made waves. The grievor was asked whether Mr. Duhamel was telling
her not to file a grievance, and she testified that this is not what she
understood from the conversation. She understood him to mean to keep
quiet and not talk to anyone about it.
In his cross-examination, counsel for the incumbent asked the grievor about
her state of knowledge at various points and about the apparent delay in
filing the grievance. The gdevor also testified that she had had run-ins
with Mr. Duhamel on previous occasions, but had never been threatened by
him before. The grievor agreed that at the same time that she made her
Freedom of Information Act request an investigation into Mr. Duhamel's
t0
activities was taking place. The grievor agreed that she could have filed
that request earlier, and that she could have asked for union assistance
earlier. No one stopped her from filing the request or appealing to the
union. The grievor testified that throughout April, May and June she was
upset about the competition results but felt that there was nothing she
could do about it.
In re-examination, the grievor testified that she thought the French-
language issue was a government thing and so it did not involve the union.
She also testified that she had been transferred by Mr. Duhamel in the past.
The evidence having been completed, the matter turned to argument.
Employer Aroument
Employer counsel began his submissions by referring to a number of
provisions of the Collective Agreement. It is useful to set those provisions
out below:
Article 27.3 Stage 1 (Complaint Stage)
(a)'(i) An employee who has a complaint or difference
sha{I discuss the complaint or difference with his/her
supervisor, as designated by the Employers, within ten
(10) days of the employee first becoming aware of the
circumstances giving rise to the complaint or difference.
(b) The supervisor shall consider the complaint or
difference and give his/her response to the employee
within ten (10) days of the discussion.
(c) if the complaint or difference is not satisfactorily
resolved by the supervisor, it may be processed within an
additional ten (10) days from the date of the supervisor's
response or the exPiration of the time limits set out in
(b) above, in the following manner.
(a) The employee may file a grievance in writing with
his/her supervisor specifying the clause or clauses in
this Agreement alleged to have been violated.
Article 27.10
(a) The Crown Employees Grievance Settlement Board
shall not'be authorized to alter, modify or amend any
part of this Agreement nor shall the Crown Employees
Grievance Settlement Board give any decision
inconsistent with the provisions, of this Agreement.
Article 27.12
Where a grievance is not processed within the time
allowed or has not been processed by the employee or the
Union within the time prescribed it shall be deemed to
have been withdrawn.
In counsel's submission, the grievor had failed to file a timely grievance,
and argued that in 'these circumstances the Board had no choice but to
uphoid the employer's objection and dismiss the union case.
Employer counsel referred to the Gordon 0048/89 (Dissanayake) case,
where almost identical Collective Agreement language was considered by
the Board. In Gordon the Board cites from a decision of the Divisional Court
in the judicial review of the Pierre 492/86 (Verity) decision, which was
reported at (1990) 74 O.R. (2d) 700. The Pierre decision concerned the'
proper construction of some similar Collective Agreement language in a
Collective Agreement between OPSEU and Management Board.
In Pierre the Board held that the time periods begin:to run when the grievor
has. know[edge or awareness that there has been a violation or possible
violation of the Collective Agreement. Put another way, the employee must
be aware of a "complaint or difference." The Divisional Court concluded
that the Board was correct in its interpretation. In the endorsement to the
record the Court found:
We are all of the view that the Board was correct in its
conclusion that the 20-day time period within which the
grievor had to bring her grievance, began to run only
when she became aware that she had a complaint that
was based on a violation or possible violation of the
colrective agreement ....
The grievor knew at least by November, 1985 that she
was unhappy about a possible exposure to T.B., but she
was not aware until late February, 1986 that such
exposure might constitute a complaint or difference with
her employer arising out of a contravention by it of the
collective agreement.
Until she became so aware she could not have believed
she had such a complaint (at 704-5).
Applying these principles in the Gordon case, the Board held:
As under the OPSEU agreement, the "complaint or
difference" referred to in article 27.3(a)(i) must be a
complaint or difference under the collective agreement.
In our view, the "circumstances" giving rise to such a
complaint or difference are two fold. First, there must
be a right under the collective agreement. Second, there
must be an act or omission by a party to the agreement
which the other party feels has abridged or contravened
that right. Before an employee can be said to have
become aware of "the circumstances giving rise to the
complaint or difference" under article 27.3(a)(i), he or
she must be aware of both the existence of a right and a
factual basis which may contravene that right. As under
the OPSEU agreement, the parties, by aIluding to the
employee's awareness, have intended to. introduce a
13
subjective test. The intent is that an employee must act
expeditiously once he or she becomes aware that a right
under the collective agreement may have been
contravened (at 15).
Applying these cases to the instant one, employer counsel argued that the
grievor knew'on March 18, 1991 that she was unsuccessful in the
competition. The grievor thought on that date that someone less qualified
had been given the position. In counsel's submission, the key question in
these circumstances was whether the grievor was'then aware of a right, in
that she was aware of a problem. In this regard, counsel suggested that she
was aware of the right, and he referred to the grievor's evidence in which
she testified that she knew that jobs were to go to the most qualified
person. The grievor considered herself more qualified because she thought
that she had passed the French test and that the incumbent had not.
Accordingly, in counsel's submission, the grievor was aware of a right, and
it mattered little whether she was.aware or not of the specific provision of
the Collective Agreement giving rise to that right. Counsel suggested that
the grievor's evidence about being threatened by Mr. Duhamet was an
attempt to explain the delay, and suggested, that it was noteworthy that the
grievor waited until Mr. Duhamel was in trouble before she filed her
grievance. Counsel argued that on all these facts the time periods properly
began to run on March 18, 1991. The grievance was clearly out of time, and
therefore inarbitrable.
Incumbent's Argument
Counsel for the incumbent argued that time limits are in a Collective
Agreement for a number of reasonsl one of which is to preclude situations
such as this one. Counsel noted that the grievor was advised in March that
she did not have the job, but took no action about it until July when she
filed the Freedom of Information request. Counsel suggested that no
14
satisfactory explanation had been given for the delay, and suggested that
the effect of permitting this grievance to proceed would be to indefinitely
extend the time periods contrary to the terms of the Collective Agreement.
Counsel noted that no one stopped the grievor from filing a grievance or
from investigating her situation and taking appropriate steps. She failed to
do either, and the grievance was, in counsel's submission, accordingly out
of time.
Union Argument
In counsel's submission, under the Blake doctrine, the Gordgn case was
governing and was directly applicable to the instant case. in counsel's
view, the evidence established that the grievor was not aware that her
compfaint might be capable of resolution under the COllective Agreement
untif August 6, 1991..That is when the grievor spoke to her union
representative and learned that a violation of the Collective Agreement may
have taken place. In counsei's submission, prior to that point the evidence
establishes that the grievor did not know the Collective Agreement had
been infringed. When she had heard that she had passed the French test and
the incumbent had not she thought that this had something to do with the
government and not with the Collective Agreement. Counsel agreed that the
grievor thought she had a problem, but argued that the evidence was clear
that she did not know that she had a grievable problem. She did not know
what a grievance was, and she had never seen the Collective Agreement.
Counsel argued that there was no evidence that the grievor only acted
because Mr. Duhame[ was in trouble. Counsel argued that the evidence
established that the grievor was bothered about what had happened, and
after discussing it with her boyfriend she took appropriate steps. Once she
became aware that she might have a grievance, once she had the necessary
subjective awareness of her rights, she complied with the time limits.
Accordingly, in counsel's submission, the grievanCe Was timely and the
Board should take jurisdiction with respect to the merits.
Decision
Having carefully considered the evidence and arguments.of the parties, we
have come to the conclusion that the preliminary objection must be
dismissed.
It is our view that the evidence establishes that the grievor did not know
she had a right under the Collective Agreement untif August 1991. Her
evidence is uncontradicted that she betieved' she had a problem, but she also
did not think she could do anything about it because it had to do with the
French tests which she thought were imposed by the government. Although
Mr. Duhamef did not give evidence in this proceedings, the issue was
complicated by the threat the grievor testified to having received from him.
This evidence was uncontradicted. At the very least this threat had the
effect of discouraging any further investigations on her part as to the
possible existence of any remedy. The fact that the grievor was a casual
employee who had never seen the Collective Agreement, applied in a job
posting, or knew what a grievance was further delayed her learning about
the possible infringement of the Collective Agreement and the existence of
remedy for that infringement.
Because the grievor knew that she had a problem she continued to be
bothered by it,. and in discussions wi~.h her boyfriend she learned of a way in
which to find out more about what had taken place. When she received the
· Freedom of Information dossier her suSpicions were aroused by the news
that the French tapes had been destroyed, it was at this point that the
' grievor contacted a union representative, and she followed the procedure
set out in the Collective Agreement, Applying the Ggrdon test to these
facts leads us to the conclusion that while the grievor knew she had a
problem no laterthan March 18, 1991, she did not know that she had a
possible grievance until August 1991. As soon as she learned of the
possible existence of a grievance she acted without delay and in conformity
with the Collective Agreement. Accordingly, the preliminary objection is
dismissed.
It should be added as well, although this is simply an observation and is not
a basis for our decision, there is no evidence of any prejudice to the
employer or to the incumbent by allowing this case to proceed. Moreover,
counsel for the incumbent properly made the point that the time periods are
present for a reason and that at some point so much time Will have elapsed
so as to preclude the fair hearing of a case. This is not such a case.
In the result, the preliminary objection is dismissed and the case will
proceed on a date set by the Registrar,
DATED at Ottawa this 2xsc dayof ,fury, 1992.
WiItiam Kaptan
Vice-Chairperson
~omson
Member (~ !
~. Montmso
Momg~r