HomeMy WebLinkAbout1991-2199.Bell et al.92-11-04- O/Vt',4R/O EMPLOYES DE LA COURONNE
CROWN EMPLOYEE$ DE L 'ONTA RIO
GRIEVANCE C,OMMiSSlON DE
SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS
t~O OUNDA$ STREET WEST, SUITE 2100, TORONTO, ONTARtO. MSG ~Z8 TE~E~HONE/T£LEPHONE: (4 T6) 3~6~
?$0, RUE.DUNDAS OUEST BUREAU 2~00, TORONTO [ONTARIO), MSG 1Z8 FACStMILE/~L~COPIE ,. [4 ~6) 326-
2199/91
UAde~
THE C~OWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING &CT
Before
THE ~RIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
OPSEU (Bell et al)
~r~evor
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
[Ministry of Transportation)
-. .Employer
BEFORe: P. Knopf Vice-Chairperson
E. Seymour Member
F. Collict Member
FOR T~E Ai Lokan
UNION Counsel
Gowling, Strathy & Henderson
Barristers & Solicitors
FOR THE A. Rae
EMPLOYER Counsel
Winkler, Filion & Wakely
Barristers & Solicitors
HE~RIN~ September 17, 1992 '
DECISION
This is 'a classification grievance. The grievors
are employed by the Ministry of Transportation as
T~chnicians, Roadside Vegetation Management and are
classified as Landscape Workers. They allege that they are
improperly classified. They are not seeking to be
reclassified into another existing classification but instead
are seeking a Berry order. The facts are not in dispute.
In a nutshell, the grievors perform all the duties
and operate all the equipment related to landscape work for
the Ministry. They fell, prune an~d plant trees and spray
pesticides and horticultural chemicals along the roadsides to
control shrubs, trees and weeds. In the winter, they perform
maintenance tasks. The parties agree that the Position
Specification dated August 23, 1991 is an accurate reflection
of their work duties and ski~ls that are expected. It°ia.
attached to this dec~ision as Appendix' "A". The Class
Standard for Landscpe Worker is annexed hereto as
Appendix "B".
The extent of the grievors' duties was more fully
explained by the representative grieuor, ~urray Purcell. ~e
described in detail the skills required and care taken in the
safe application of pesticides and herbicides. He explained
the careful record keeping that is expected of him and his
colleagues, especially with respect to the meticulous records
kept of hazardous materials. He also described his
"supervisory" responsibilities with r~Spect to contract crews
or other Ministry crews which come and assist at peak d~mand
periods for pruning and plaating of trees. At planting time,
cre%;s assist with the actual planting of trees for two to
thr~ months a year. Mr. Purcell concedes that the planting
crews do not perform skilled or semi-skilled labour and need
only minimal instruction. On the other hand, tree cutting or
pruning is semi-skilled work. This involves about 10% of the
crew assistance time offerod. This semi-skilled labour does
not require any "instruction" from the grievers, but the
grievers do ensure that the work is done in accordance with
Ministry standards of safety and.operations. For all the
work done with the outside crews, the grievers' supervision
consists of directing them on the site, ensuring M.inistry
standards are m~t and reporting any problems to the grievers'
supervisors.
Another aspect of. the work that the grievers
emphasized was the use of plans. They receive plans drawn up
at the Ministry's Head Office se~ting up the location,
numbers and spacing of trees to he'planted along roadsides.
The grievers'are required to take these plans, familiarize
themselves with the sites, meet 'with officials from Hydro,
Bell Telephone,~and gas and water utilities to determine the
location of ~heir lines and then to i~plemeht the plahting
process itself~ This demands that the grievers be able to
read the plans and have an effective liaison with
respresentatives of the utilities. It also demands that the
grievers be able to a~ply discretion to the implementation of
the plans when it is simply physically unfeasible to~ plant
the trees in the precise location directed by the plans.
There ara times that the plans call for trees to be planted
right over power lin~s or where the soil conditions are
inappropriate for the trees designated. In these situations
it is recognized by the Ministry that the. grievers have the
ability and the flexibility to read and adapt these plans as
the topography and the practicality dictate. The plans
themselves are detailed. However, as Mr. Purcell candidly
admits they are not as detailed or complex as blueprints~
A final aspect of the evidence emphasized ~y the
grievers had to do with the training and qualifications
demanded ~Y the Jo~ Specification. As the Job Specification
- 3 ~
i~d~cates, certain specific certificate and licences or
equivalents are listed as the skills and knowledge roquired
to perform the job. The grievors set forth the explanation
of the time required to obtain these qualifications and the
natur~ of the instruction involved:
1. Provincial Horticultural Landscape/Greenhouse
Certificate or equivalent certificate:
This certificate courseLis regulated by the
Ministry of Skills Development and Ontario
Regulation 656/86 under the Apprenticeship
and Tradesmen's Qualificat'ion Act. The
Regulation sets forth the units of study and
instruction to be given to obtain such a
certificate. For the Certificate in
question one must complete related training
and work experience training of 4,500 hours
as set ou~ in the Regulations. Two of the
grievors have no such Certificate. Two of
the grievors have been "grandfathered" based
on equivalent experionce. One grievor has
no certificate, but does have an. equivale~nt
diploma.
2. Ontario D Class Driver's Licenco with Z
endorsement and MOT Operator's Permit:
,This driver's licence is required to operate
any Ministry vehicle above, the class of a
car or a passenger van or half-ton pickup.
All the grievors have this.
3. Class 1 and 3 Exterminator's Licence from
Ministry of Environment:
In order to obtain this, on~ must have a
Grad~ 10 education as a minimum. Each
licence requires a completion of a one-week
course and written examination. Four of the
grievors hav~ both licences. One grievor
has neither.
4. Workiag knowledge of job related safety
requirements as specified by:
OccuDational Health and Safety Act
Pesticides Act
Environmental Protoction Act
- 4 -
No specific courses are offered, but books
are in the office dealing with these
subjects.-
Trans~ortatioa of Daagerous Goods A~t - (one
day course)
WHMIS - (one day course)
As a final aspect of the presentation of the case,
at the conclusion of the evidence, the Union sought to amend
its opening position from a request for retroactivity dating
20 days prior to the grievance to a request that
retroactivity commence on April 15, 1991. The~basis for the
amendement was the fact that the grievers had asked for the
matter to be dealt with approximately four months prior to
~he grievance being filed. The Employer Objected to the
amendment being granted given the lateness of the request.
The'Argument
The Union began Dy pointing out that the Class
Standards are dated May of 1963. It was submitted that while
some jobs may remain static over the decades, this job has
~volved because of the use Of chemicals, pesticides and the
heightened sensitivity to safety and environmental elements.
This was said to be exemplified by the fact that the Class
Standards d0 not contemplate the high level of formal
qualifications now required for the job and that are in the
Job Specification. Given the high degree of training and the
cumulative effect of all t~e courses and qualifications, it
was said that this took the job beyond what is currently
contemplated in the Class Standards. Secondly, the Union
relied on the fact that the Employer now requires the
grievers to operat~ machines and equipment requiring the Z
endorsement on the driver'~ licence. Further, the Union
pointed to the aspects of safety precautions and
sophisticated 9aper work r~quired with the use of the
- 5 -
chemicals in the course of spraying. Further, the Union
relied on the aspects of supervision where the grievors are
required to supervise semi-skilled tree trimmers and monitor
their safety. The Union also pointed to the liaison with
utility representatives and tho fact that the-grievors must
be able to r~ad, interpret and apply discretion to the tr~e
planting plans which appQar to be complex in nature. All
these aspects of the grievors' jobs were said to be of such a
nature and to amount to such an extent as to change the
essence of the job contemplated by the Class Standards.
Hence, the grievors ask that the job be reclassified and they
seek a Berry order. The U~ion relied on the following cases:
Avsec and Ministry of Housing, GSB Fil~ 1589/89 (Low), Cabeza
and Ministry of Labour, GSB File 909/86 et al. (Ebstein) and
Fenske and Ministry of Government Services, GSB File
No. 494/85 (Verity).
The Emp!o~er.opposes the reclassification, arguing
%nat the current Standards sufficiently describe and
contemplate the duties and responsibilities of the grievors.
Dealing with the specific training requirements, the Employer
answered the Union's claim firstly by arguing that even
though the Job Specification may set out certain
requirements, the facts disclose that all the grievors do not
possess those certificates. Hence, it was said that the
Employer'ought not to De bound by this specification.
Further, it was said that ther~ was no'~videnc~ that those
who do not possess a certificate perform any job duties
different than those who do possess them. Thus, the Board
was asked to not consider those certificates as
"requirements" for the job. With respect to the specific
courses such as WHMIS or the Dangerous Goods or DZ licence,
it was said that the current standards'contemplate observance
of safety precautions and thus encompass this type of
training. Addressing the aspect of paper work, the Employer
argued that tho paper work required of 'the grievors was not
substantial nor requiring e~tensive time or complexity..
Further, the Employer described the monitoring of contract
compliance with the outside cre%~s as simply amounting to
working with the crews in.the field, noting their problems
and reporting any to supervisors. This was not said to be
sufficient to go beyond the current Class Standards.
Finally, the Employer argued that the plans that the grievors
work from could not be described as complex because they do
not show elevations or fences nor require work to be done
with exact measurements. They were said to not be rigid and
that they ought to be considered as general guidelines for
plan'ting. In conclusion, the Employer said that the
definition of the Class Standards does capture the essence of
the job and that none of the grievors' current duties are of
such a. kind o~ degree as to amount toga different job
altogether. .Hence, it was said that a Berry order would be
inappropriate. The Employer relied on ~he follo.win~ cases:.
Blomme ~n.d Ministry of Hou~'ing, GSB ~ile 547/91 .(.Go,sky),
Evans and Ministry of Transportation, GSB File 1531/90
ISamuels), Donnelly and Ministry of Transportation, GSB'Fil'e
456/91 (Kaplan), White/Foster/Kellar and Ministry of
Transportation, GSB File 670/30 et al. (Stewart), Booth and
Ministry of Transportation, GSB File i92/90 (Low), Aird et
al. and Ministry of Consumer and Commercial Relations, GSB
File 1349/87 (Slone), Roy and Ministry of Natural Resources,
GSB File 946/89 (Knopf) and Dumond and Ministry of
Transportatioq, GSB File 1822/90 (Kaplan).
The Decision
In a case such as this, the onus is ugon the Union
to persuade the Board that the gri'evors are actually
performing a jo~ and undertaking duties the essence or core
of which does not fit within th~ Class Standards to whic~
they ~ave been'assigned by the Employer. Their duties and
expectations must be of such a kind or occur to suc~ a degree
as to amount to a different job altogether. See Fenske,
supra, Roy, supra, and Aird, supra. The determination of
this is a factual matter.
The'facts of this case indicate that the Class
Standards which have been applied to the grieVors were
drafted in 1963. There is no question that two decades ago
the Ministry and indeed the world was not as sophisticated
about the use of herbicides} was not as conscious about
safety and operated in a much less formalized way with
respect to record keeping and equipment usage as we do now.
While we were given no evidence as to how these types of
workers operated throughout the last tWo decades, it is easy
to imagine that their methods of operation, record keeping
and equipment have evolved significantly over the last number
of years.
However, an evolution in a job is.not sufficient to
warraflt a reclassification. The task of the Board is to look
at the Class Standards applied to the grievors and see if
they still capture the essence or the nature of the job.
Hence, we shall analyze this-grievance by turning to the Job
Standards and to the aspects of the job which the grievors
now say take them beyond the current definitions.
First, the grievors assert that the type of
supervision they now perform is not contemplated in the Class
Standards. The Class Standards do indicate that Landscape
Crewmen "supervise a small group of unskilled labourers and
operators of light mechanical equipment." The facts reveal
that the grievors do supervi'se planting crews of unskilled
labourers. This is contemplated by the Class Definition.
The grievors also do supervise outside contractors and crews
f£om the Ministry who perform some tree pruning functions.
These are semi-skilled functions and this degree of
- 8 -
supervision is not contemplated by the Class Definition.
However, as the facts reveal, tree pruning only amounts to
10% of.two to three months'out of the year and the use of
outside crew members for this would even be less than tha~.
Another aspect of the grievers' work i-s that of
~record keeping. We were shown extensive evidence of the type
of record keeping that the grievers must maintain with the
use of pesticides, hired equipment, dangerous goods and other
equipment. T~is is necessary botherer fiscal and
environmental concer~s. There is no specific mention of
record k~eping in the Class Definition. However, as detailed
as the records may be, they are not complex nor do the
grievers pretend that they are difficult or amount to a
significant amount of time.
Another aspect of the job to be addressed is the
-. use of plans. T~e plans themselves .cannot be descriD%d as
complex. They are directory in nature. The grievers are
credited with the ability to use their discretion in the
application of these plans. But the discretion involved is
something quite different than an ability to work from
"complex" plans. The Job Standards contemplate an "ability
to work from simple plans and instruct others." The
discretion the grievers use indicates that the plans are
directory rather than dictatorial in nature and is exemplary
of the general nature of the plans vis-a-vis detailed
blueprints. Hence, the use of plans as the grievers d~scribe
does seem to be contemplated by the Class Standards.
Taking all the grievers' actual work and duties,
only the supervision of the semi-skilled tree pruning
contract crews and the record keeping are things that could
be said to be outside the specific nature of the current Job
Specifications. However, the tree-pruning aspect of
supervision is a very small amount of the time required of
- 9 -
these grievers 0uer the course of the year and the record
keeping also must De described as incidential. Together,
they cannot be said to be of such a significant degree or
nature to be something that would change the essence of the
job itself.
This takes us to the final aspects of the grievers'
case. This involves the difference in qualifications
contemplated by the Class Standards and those set out in the
Job Specification. The Class Standards only contemplate a
Grade 8 education and does not set out any specific
certificates. On the other hand, the Job Specification
demands certificates which carry with them a minimum of a
Grade 10 education and some extensive traininG. The Employer
invites us to accept an argument that it ought not to be
bound by the Job Specification, especially because the facts
reveal that not all ~t~e grievers possess all the requirements
listed in t~e specifications. This Board has a g~eat deal of
trouble with that argument. The Job Specifications are
drafted by the Employer. If the Employer were to hit9 a new
person into this position, the Employer would be expected to
demand these qualifications of the hiree and presumably would
defend a lob competition decision based o~ those
specifications. Certainly the Board is able to treat the
specifications lightly when the facts of the case reveal that
the grievers are not doing the job as set out in the
Specification. See Fenske, supra. However, job requirements
ought to be treated more strictly. In ~rafting Job
Specifications, employers should be cautious of the Job
Standards and where they a~e prepared to accept "equivalents"
of certain certificates based on extensive experience, the
Job Specifications should so state. Where specific job
requirements are set out in the Specifications, employers
. should recognize this by their amending or updating the Job
Standards and keeping current with the situation. Failure to
do so invites grievances such as this.
Having indicated Our view, we now turn these
principles to the situation at hand and analyze it in the
light of the Class Standard. The Specification speaks of
working knowledge and job-related safety requirements as
specified by the Occupational Health and Safety Act,
Pesticides Act, Envir0neental Protection Act, Transportaion
of Dangerous Goods and WItMIS. At the most, thes~ involve one
day in-service training and/or the use of manuals available
to the grievors in the office. In fairness, it is our
conclusion that this is contemplated by the Class Standard
requirement of "working knowledge. Of the Department's
horticultural methods and practices, and the tools and
equipment used." It is further contemplated by the phrase
"they are required' to o~s~rve certain safety precautions in
climbing and felling trees, running equipment and using
hor~'icultural c~emicals." The Standard itself thus
" 6ontemplates. safety requirements which are now a~ticulated
and set out in the Acts listed in the Job Specification and
thus fall within the Class Standard. We reach the same
conclusion with respect to the Class DZ driver's licence
which, although not specified in the Class Standard, is
co~ered by the expectation that the crewmen have the required
working knowledge of the equipment necessary for the job.
This takes us to the more difficult aspect of the
Provincial Horticultural Landscaper/Greenskeeper Certificate
or equivalent certificate and the Class 1 and 3
Exterminator's licence from the Ministry of the Environment.
The Board would have easily concluded that these could be
contemplated by the qualification "must pass test set by the
Department's Chief Arbourculturist" had any evidence been led
to convince us of this. Without such evidence, we cannot
reach that conclusion. It is true that we have evidence that
for both the Certificate and the Licence, one grievor does
not have any of these qualifications and is presumably
performing the exact same work and undertaking 'the same
- 11-
responsiDilities as the representative grievor and his
colleagues. Thus, the Certificate and the Licence cannot be
said to be true qualifications for the job's practice. But,
they remain the qualifications set out in the Employer's Job
Specification and thus have significance.
However, as stated at the outset, in order to
qualify for a Berry order, the grievors must convince us that
the essence of their job duties and responsibilities and
expectations take them outside of the current Job Standards.
We are very troubled by the fact that the job qualifications
that the EmplOyer currently demands are aot included in the
qualifications set out in the Job Standards. In some
circumstances, this would be sufficient to convince a Board
that a reclassification ought to be ordered. Quite often,
job qualifications will reflect the nature and the exteat of
the.duties expected of ~rievors and heightened qualifications
will. De a signal that a job has evolued'beyond what was.
originally contemplated in the Class Standards. However,
despite the sophisticated qualifications now demanded, this
Board cannot escape the conclusion that the nature and extent
of the duties now performed by the grievors still fall within
the Class Definition set out in the Class Standards.
Employees are classified on the basis of their skills and
responsibilities, not their knowledge alone.
The grievors do perform semi-skilled manual tasks
relating to landscape work and tree culture. Th~ grievors do
work under the supervision of a foreman and work in
accordance with the Ministry's horticultural practices. The
grievors are involved in pruning, spraying~ planting and
removal operations. The grievors are required to observe the
Ministry's safety ~recautions while climbing and felling
trees, running equipment and usin~ horticultural chemicals.
Finally, the ~rievors do operate the power-driven equipment
associated with the work an~ supervise a small ~roup of
- 12-
unskilled labourers and operators of light mechanical
equipment. As stated above, the record keeping and
supervisory work that they do beyond those contemplated i~
the Standards are not of a sufficient degree or kind to take
them outside'of the Standards. The more heightened
qualifications demanded of incumbeats reflect society's
current concerns and' soDhisticated knowledge of the use of
hazardous chemicals and equipment. But, this is not
reflective of a change in the nature of the job so as to take
it outside of the general nature of the Class Standards.
Class Standards are, by definition, general in nature and
allow for the tyDe of flexibility necessary ~o cover a
variety of duties and tasks in a large Ministry. They are
not expected to be detailed or So speCific that they cannot
adapt to difference in the delivery of services that is
inevitable over time.
The facts in this case 'convince this 8oard that the
grievors' duties and responsibilities have evolved. However,
we are not convinced that they have evolved to the extent
that they are not covered by the nature and essence of the
Class Standard that is currently being a~plied to them.
Let us conclude by emphasizing this panel's chagrin
over the Ministry's failure to update the qualifications in'
the Class Standards or to keep the qualifiCations consistent
with the s~ecification by allowing for .equivalencies. The
Ministry's practice should be in line with its documentation
so as to indicate some ~espoct for its workers and to avoid
the aeodless type of ~xDenses associated with grievances such
as this.
- 13-
ttowever, for all these reasons, we must dismiss the
grievance.
DATED at Toronto, Ontario this &th day of November,
1992.
P ula Kn~hai
E. Seymour - Member
· ,F. ~ct - MemDer
APPENDIX
v~e~a~on aa~e~~ 06-5335-36 L~sco~ ~rk~r 1~8~0
DiaL. 3, S~t[o~ - Semite. ~ion S~raLFord
To per~ a v~rJe~F~.duL~eg ~d operate ~l~ ~ui~enL. r~i~d L9 preserve.
pr~icto. · ~r[o~ ~ o~.J~fl~ durJof Vinker h/flken~e ~per~k~ouo.
I. Carrier out the ~s[de Vefe~akloQ X~mn~ P~fro ~or ~he OjsLr~ct }~:
- es~ieh~p~--~ ~inkaiai~f fmuflo cover, h,cl~inf prepGrtnf .~e, sero-
, tar, [er~iL~siai, ~d~nf tar erosion.~L~i~ ....... ·
-'prtmjfl~ a~/or lelAlnf Lmr~ ~r~es; . ... ~ .... - . _
' 'pro~te heml~h~ f~ of ~ur~ SJl~ ~ trees. ' '
2. ~rote~.& varle~Z o~ e~u/~nk ~n c&rrTin~ auk ~v~ ~tivl~ies such
- ~ke~ ~PC~C, k~ aOr~%or, ~r~ie sprG%er for oppiicaLio~ o~ I,~rb~- .
cioes/~s~ic~ue~;
- ~,cket. t~s, c~ln~, b~h cbi~ ;or IA~e t~ uinkea~c~
3, P~videe ~hn~l tnfomk~on ~d ~viee ~ c~e o~ unakille~ 4nd semi-
-tyrF. ~ng~n~.~ ~iflken~ce; pI~ting ~d ~iflkenance ?[ kris ami
~os~ ~&icl~e application, tree tri~in~ ~or re~x, equipment
p~fid~f iafo~tLo~ ~ the e~ia~ ~olo~, p~ures ~d safetT
4. Per[orn o~er duties such ~:
~Gnusc~ or~lfl~s~ s~%~zcac]o~s~ apecL~ ~nu~Lious ~
conkrac~d~unenLG~ofl u required;
V~lid Provincitl Horticultural L~dscape/Greenskeeper Certificate or
Certificate. ~d skills & knowledge ~o operate e~u~menL used ~, ronda&dc
endorsement & ~0 0~rators Pern~t. CLGSs I & 3 ~k~niRa~o~'s ~LCC,~c
~iRist~ of ~nvir~ment, ~orkiflR knowledge of job related s~fety (over)
Instructions for completing form ¢ -6160
Admb~afkw CImup. ~
S.. PerFo~ da~lu mf~ durf~ Wln~er Nain~u~ ~raClons. .~
~eqyl~.~ as ~peef~l~ ~ ~pa~/oa~ ~ea/th ~d S~eCyAc~, PeoPle/de Act~
c~ioa~i~ ~AAs, P~I~ oa~il/~y ~o perLora.requ/rea
APPENDIX ~B~
~' 12820
CLASS DEFINITION:
Under ~he su~sion o~.a Hi~F ~1 Fo~ ~d ~ accosts
~d impro~ ~blic l~ds. ~eF ~ ~~d co obse~
· Pr.me; treat, remove
~d ~ p~r
che~s.
S~ '~ss seed, s~sd
~d fe~er ~d ~
· eeder ~d stray ~~
As mq~d, suW~se e ~i n~r of ~s~ed ~o~rs ~d o~cors
ee~o~ mla~ed du~es as assi~ed. '
~UA~TION3: ,
~rade 8 education; nuisc 9aas tests 'sec by the Depar~nen~s Chief
trboric~lCuri~C.
least one year of e~rience ~ ~e ~ r 'Of hoaicul~nl
vor~ taxied out bF the De~nt.
~cr~n~'~led~e of ~he ~~nt~e ho~icul~ural ~thods and
prac~icee~ ~d ~he ~oo~ and e~n~ used; abili~ ~o ~o~
fr~ e~ple .plus ~d to ~c~ or. rs; [ood p~sical condition.
~s~ ~ able to ~o~ duties at heights up to 75 feet.
I
May, 1963.