HomeMy WebLinkAbout1992-0008.Cox.96-02-02 ONTARIO EMPLO'YES DE LA COURONNE .
CROWN EMPLOYEES DE L 'ONTARIO
GRIEVANCE C,OMMISSION DE
/ / SETTLEI~IENT REGLEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS
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180. RUE DUNDAS OUEST. BUREAU 2100. TORONTO (ONTARIO) M5G IZ8 FACStMILE/T¢L~COPlE . [416) 326-1396
GSB #- 8/92
OLBEU_# OLB024/92
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN ''
OLBEU (Cox)
Grievor
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Liquor Control Board of Ontario)
Employer
BEFORE: H. Finley Vice-.Chairperson
J.C. Laniel Member
D. Clark Member
.FOR THE G. Caroline
GRIEVOR Counsel
Caroline, Engelmann & Gottheil
Barristers & solicitors
FOR THE M. Gage ..
EMPLOYER Legal Counsel
Liquor Control Board of Ontario
HEARING December 2, 1994
January 3, 1996
GSB 08/92
DECISION
Store employees of the Liquor Control Board of ontario (IzCBO) are' hired and/or
promoted into one of the fbllowing categories:
(a) permanent full-time,
(,b) permanent pan-rune, or
(c) casu,,.
The category of permanent pan-time was negotiated in 1987 and the fbllowing year the first
permanem part-time employees assumed their positions. The stores are also categorized and have
the fbllowing designations: A,-B, C, and D stores, the largest being A and the smallest, D. Each
store has a manager. The managers of A and B stores belong to management, while the managers
of C and D stores, in spite of their managerial position, are members of the Bargaining Unit.
For posting purposes, the Provij~ce is divided into geographic areas which may comain a
number of stores, or a single store. A list is established by the Employer and confirmed in the
current C611ective Agr6ement under the Job Security article:
5.2 (b) tni) The cmTent geographic posting areas shall not
be altered by th.e Employer during the term of
this a~'eement.
Although it is agreed between the parties in the Collective Agreement that the current
geograptfical posting areas will not be changed for the duration of that Agreement, a
memorandum fi-om the Employer of May 27, 1991 noted "a.revised geographic area of search for'
postings". There has been a long-standing practice of posting permanent full-time positions
province-wide and this pre-date~ the creation of the permanent part4ime category.
The Grievor, Don Cox;' who began his employment with this Employer in May 1984, was
at the time of the hearing a permanent part-time employee, Liquor. Store Clerk Grade 3, at the
time of his grievance. The store which is.involved in his grievance, is' Store ,,' .~,'' '~ a "D" store in
Nakina, a'remote location in Northern Ontario The geographic posting area tbr ttiis store is the
store itself as there are n0 other 'stores in that geographic area. In 1991, .the' manager's position at
this store Came vacant. It was a permanent full-time position designat_ed as Store Manager 1.
On September 19, 1991, the Emplgyer posted this position, addressing i~t to "all permanent
employees of the Liquor Control Board of Ontario, and posted it-pro?ince-wide foll0Mng the
practice 'of the Employer of posting all full-time positions province-wide} a practice accepted by
the Union. The effective posting date was Septelnber 30, 199.1.3 and the posting closed on -
October 11, 1991~ The Employer's rationale tbr restricting this posting to permanent tull-time
employees was that they, according to the Collective Agreement had first rights. The Co-
0rdinator of Hhman Resources tbr the Northern Region, testified that it was the 'practice to POSt
all C and D store manager positions with the restriction to permanent tull-time applicants and if
no suitable' candidate were to come out of this pool, then there would be a second posting
restricted to permanent pan-time employees, although; on occasion, casuals would be included iii
those cases 'where "the posting area was the same as the geographic area".
.lVlrl Cox, who.was a pernlanent' part-time employee working at store number 267 iii
Creemore, also in Northern Ontario, applied, and when the posting closed; was the only applicant.
He was declared ineligible by the Employer because his status was permanent pan-time, rather
than p.ermanent f'a'll-tinm: He received correspondence ti'om the Co-ordinator,'Human Resources
Services, Northern Region, stating that "the vacancy [was] only open to 'permanent full-time
employees" and for this reason they were '~unable to consider his application at this time".
On November 18, 1991, the vacancy was reposted an~t this time, was addre'ssed to "all.
permanent part-time and casual employees at store 332 Liquor Control B6ard Of Ontario". The
geographic posting area selected was the store's geographic area, the store itself. The
Eniployer's rationale for restricting.the reposting was that once it became clear that there were no
permanent full-time employees interested in the po'sition of D-store manager then it, the LCBO,
should not be required to post province=wide for part-time since the casuals who worked the
store's geographic area {tl~e store) gave them a sufficient pool of people who would be f;amiliar
with ihe product range. :l'he effective posting date was. November 22, '1791, ~tnd the closing
date.Was December 5, 1991. No permaaent.part-time employees fi-om the geograptfic area
applied, and a casual employee at the Nakin'a store, Chris McLaughlin, applied and was awarded
the position of Acting Manager.
' ' Mr..Cox filed a grievance claiming that seniority, provided the employee is qualified to do
the job, should be'the determining factor, and asked that he be made whole. When the grievance
finally came on fbr arbitration in 1994/5, the Union took the position that it was not asking for
M~-. Cox to be placed in the position or that the competition be rerun, but that a declaration be
made to deternfine the question of whether there is .a requiremem in the Collective Agreement or
elsewhere fbr the Employer to post C and D store manager posiuons
(a) to both permanem full-time and permanem part-time employees, and
(b) province-wide
The following amcles of the Collective A~eemeat ard relevant to the issue:
.,M'ticte 5
Job SecuritY,
5.2 (b) (iii) The cma'ent'geographic posting areas shall not be altered by the
lgmployer during the te~zu of this ao~'eement.
Amcl'e 21
Assigmnents and Job Postings
21.4 (a) -If a ne\¥ job.classific~.tion within the bm'gaming uni~
is created m' a permanent xacancy occurs m an e.,astmg j ob
classification before mv~tmg applications fi'om persoaztot .
employed by the Employe~s. the Employers will post ~¥ithin the
geoga'aphic area as specified, notice of such new job or x,acancv
for a period of ten (10) working days during which employees
within such area may apply: The notice shall stipulate
qualifications, classif]cation., salaL',' range, depmm~ent and
location concerned.
(b) . ?'or the pm~pose of.~'ficle 21 (5) (a), a promotion shall be
deemed to include:
the assignment of a permanent fi~ll-time
employee to another permanent fidl-tm~e
position m a class with a higher maxmmm
salad' rate than the class of his?uer forn~r
posit~on: or
the assigmnent of a pennanem part-tune
employee to a pennanem rull-thne posmon ff
there was no permanent full-thne employee
eligible and qualified for the posmou; or
ira) the ass~gmnent of a pcni~an~ent part-rune
employee to another pennanem part-rune
position with a higher weekly sala~3' th~
his/her former posmon; or
the ass~gmnent of a casual to a pem~anent
part-tnne position m accordance with the
provismns of Article 31.4.
21.5 ~a) Where employees are being considered for promotion, ~emonty
will be the determining hctor provided the employee is qualified
to perform the work.
(b) Nomrthstanding the provision of,~a'ticle 21.5 (a) within any
calendar 3'ear the Employers may identify a hnited number of
pelmanent part-tm~e vacancies as vacancies to be filled by
special merit promotion. In no case shrill special merit
promotions exceed ten percem (10%) of all promotions within
the calendar year. Special merit promotions shall be so
identified on the job posting and shall be awarded to bargaining
umt employees only. Lu filling special merit promotions the
- Employers agree to give consideration to the qualifications and
abiht3~ of permanent part-tnne employees and casuals to perform
the duties of a vacant permanent part-tnne position. Where two
(2) or more such employees are relatively equal m qualifications
and abihties, the permanent part-rune employee nrth the o~'eatest
seniorit3: shall be awm'ded the position. If the 'enXPloyees who
m'e deemed relatively equal are casuals, the senior castial shall
be awarded the position.
31.4 [a) Casuals shall have the right to apply for certain pennanem part-
time posihons m accordance with the provisions of ~raxicle 21.
Ass~gmnents and Job Postings. floweret, except as noted in
,~'ticle 21.5 (b) tspecial merit promotion), they shall only be
ehgible to apply for vacancies within then' geographic areas if
there ~s no permanent part-thne employee promoted m
accordance with Article 21.5
(b) 'l'he Employer agrees to g~ve consideration to the qualifications
and ability of Casuals fbr l'ennanent ?'tfil-'l'ime vacancies' at the
enuy lex'el m their geoga'aphic m'ea, provided that no l~ennanent
l'art-tnne employees have apphed. Where qualifications and
abiht¥ are relatively equal, semont¥ shall be the determining
factor.
. The Panel heard testimony fi'om Ms. Camille Clements-Pitkur, Co-ordinator-of Human
Resources tbr the Northern Regi6n .and Mr. Heino Nei!son, the Union's Business Agent since
I983. It also received in evidence the submissi{)ns and awards with respect to negotiating history
in'1985 and 1986. The earlier Board was chaired by Arbitrator Arthur Kruger,. the later one by
Aa'bitrator Michel Picher.
The Union took-the position 'that there was a requirement fbr ihe Employer to post C and D store
management positions province-wide to both permanent full-time and permanent, part-time
employees. The Employer took the position that there was no requirement .to post these positions
province-wide tbr permanent part-time employees. The Panel has taken' into account-the
.argumems of both parties concerning article analysis, past practice and estoppel. Its decision
follows
DECISION
The Panel took as it's starting point that it was the practice of the Employer to relate
postings to the list of geographi~ posting areas established bythe Employer and confirmed fi'om
time to time by the Union in the Collective Agreement, With the tbllowing exception. In spite of
the geographic posting area list, it has been the Employer;s practice to ignore the geograplfic
posting list and to consider the whole province as a geograplfic area when posting permanent tull-
time positions. The Union has accepted ti'tis practice for some considerable time and there was no
indication of its dissatisfaction with the practice as it relates to permanent tull-time employees.
The Panel notes that there was a general acceptance by both the Employer and the Union of the.
concept that a hierarchy exists within the employee categories, with the permanent full-time
employee at the top, the casual employee at the bottom and the permanent part-time employee
somewhere in between. It is importam to note when considering this matter that it is a
combination of the store location and the status of the vacant position or the new job
classification wtfich determines the scope of the geographical posting and the restriction of
applicants. The status of potential aPplicants, that is whether they are permanent tull-time,
permanent part-time or casual, has no effect on the scope of the geograptfical'posting. It is to be
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noted also that the fact a position is a "C" store manager pogition or a ':':'D" store manager posiuon
is not relevant in the interpretation of Article 21.4. The references'tliere are to ~"a new job'
classification within the bargaining unit" and ""a permanent, vacancy...in an existing job
classification", and '"C" and "D" manager positions could be encompassed by either of these.
Ms. Clements-Pitkur testified that the imtial posting was restricted to permanent'full-time
employees, because, ~"according to the Collective Agreement they have first hght". The Panel
fbund no such prior right respecting applications for vacant posaions iii the Collective Agreement.
other than that Which rests with them as a .result of the restrictions on Casuals set out in Article '
31.4. '
Article 21.4, wtfich pre-dates the creation of the permanent part-time category; is not, in
the opinion of the Panel ambiguous. It's meaning on analysis is clear and extrinsic evidence is
therefore neither necessary nor appropriate when considering its interpretation. Further, when the
interpretation is based on a piain reading of an unambiguous article, in the context of the whole
Collective Agreement, the practice of the parties is not determinative of the meaning of the article.
Article 21.4 is a protective posting clause wlfich sets out the steps the Employer must take before
inviting applicmlts from ~outslde for new bargaining unit job classifications or permanent
vacancies.. It sets out 'the details to. be specified in the internal posting, and the length of time the
posting must remain posted. It also refers to.the geograptfic scope of the posting, stating that
"the' Employers will post within the geographic area as specified". Where is "~the geographic
area as specie}ed"? A plain reading of the language results in three choices, in the Collective,
Agi'eement, in the posting, or iii the geographic area posting list. ArtiCle 5.2. (b) (iii), the Job
Security ,~-ticle refers to "geograplfic posting areas". ,~'ticle 21.4 is a ~'~'posting'~ clause, it
makes sense that the geographic area referred to in the posting clause, would be the geograplfic
posting area While geographic posting areas are referred to in the Collective Agreement, they
are not set out there. If the phrase '~geographic area" were in the-posting it would not have any
value as a direction for ~he posting. However, it is to the list established by the Employer and
confilmed by the Union throUgh Article 5.2 (b) (iii), su/)ra, that the Employer refers in defining'
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the ~eographic scope of a position which has become vacant or fbr which there is a new job
classification. It is the opinion of:the Panel that "the geographic area as specified" means tile
geographic area specified ii~ the geographic area posting list. When a permanent vacancy or.a
new job classification occurs in a store, Article 21.4 ~neans, tn practical terms, that the Employer
must look up the store in the geographic area list and find the geographic area fbr that' store. The
geographic area then becomes the geographic scope of the posting. However, this process has
not been Used when the vacancy is tbr a permanent full-time posi[mn. In that case, the Employer
has posted province-wide and that, along with the practice of restricting these positions to
permanent full-time applicants, has been a long-standing practice the Union has condoned. There
is nothing in the Collective Agreement which addresses either the exemption fi'om the geograplfic
posting area list or the restriction of applicants lrbr permanent full-timepositions to permanent
full-time employees.
If there were not the established practice of posting full-time vacancies province-wide,
one would expect the Employer to act according to the Collective Agreement, to use the
geograplfic posting area which relates to the store with the vacancy. The initial posting for the
Store Manager's position at the Na~na Store was restricted to applicants who were permanent
full-time employees. There is nothing in 'Article 21.4 which-gives the Employer authority to
restrict the employee applicants for a new job classification or a permanent vacancy according to
their employee category, be it full, part-time, or casual.. This article says "employees within
such area may apply". The restriction is geograptfic, not according to employee category. If;
therefore, the area is province-Wide, any employee within the Province should be 'eligible to
apply, re,less there is a restriction placed on that employee's catego?y elsewhere in the Collective
Agreemem. There is no application restriction on permanent full-time employees, or on
permanent part-time employees elsewhere'in the Collective Agreemem. Nor is there a restriction
on probationary employees. There are however, restrictions on casual employees in Article 31.4.
sut)rct. The restrictions are as follows:
(1) Casuals have a right to apply for certain [and this is not defined] vacant permanent
part-time positions
(a)' if no permanent part-time, empl0yee ~s promoted under the special merit '
p[omotion scheme. '~
- - (b) . ii' the vacant permanent Part-time position is within their geographic area.
· . (2) Casuals have. aright to apply for vacant permanent full-time positious o,dy
(.a) in itheir: geographic area ..
(b)' at the entry level.
If they meet the restrictions fbr applying, then, their qualifications and ability may be considered
by the Employer only if no permanent part-time employees have applied. No such application
re}trictions are set out tbr permanent full-time or ibr permanent pal-t-time employees.'
Article 21.5 (a) sets out the determining factors in the consideration of promotion:
'(a) qualified to do the work
(b) Seniority.
Article 25 (b),.an exception to 21.5 (a), sets out the parameters of special merit promotion ~n
the case of permanent pan-time vacancies: There is no rest~'iction'on the application for these
positions, although given that they are permanent part-time and given the ihct that the position is
to be awarded in/he case of equality to a permanent part-time employee, it is unlikely that
permanent full-time employees Would apply. Ttu'oughout .the Selection process, both part-time
and casual employees are considered together. However, at the final selection stage, if there are
r~glatively equal candidates the tbllowing restrictions apply:
(1) If the relative equality is between a casual and a permanent part-time employee,' the
permanent pan-time employee is to be awarded the posaion.
(2) If the relative equality is between two permanent part-time employees, the position will be __
awarded to the one with the greatest seniority.
A promonon fbr the purposes of the article cited abov~ (21.5 (a)) includes:
(I) the a.ssigmnem of a pem~anent full-thne empl%'ee to another pemmnent full-t/ane posinon m
a class with a hiorher maXnnmn salary rate than the class of his/her fom~er posmon: or
(ix) the assignment of a permanent part-tnne employee to a permanent full-tUne position, if there
~¥as no permanent full-thne em plo.~'ce eligible and qualified for thc position; or
tin) the ass~gmnent Of a pennanenl pm't-tune employee to another pemmnent pa~x-mne position
8
with a higher weekly salal3 than his/her lbrmcr posmon: m'
the asslgmnent of a casual to pellna/leul parl-tml~ poslhon m accordance with the pl'OVlSlOnS
of z~'ticle 31.4.
lEmphasis ad&dj
,~though thc parties have relied on t his clause to say that permanent thll-timc employees have
preferred eligibility tbr thll-time positions over permanent pan-time employees, thc article does
not actually grant preferred eligibility to a peru!anent thll-time employee. Rather, it states that
assignment to a permanent/hll-time position will be a promotion tbr.the permanent part-time
candidate only in ca~es in wtfich there is no permanem thll-time employee eligible' and qualified tbr
the position.
The Panel views the difficulty that the parties ha~'e encountered as one of the collision of
the CollectNe Agreement with an established and condoned practice iii a situation that had not
b_een tbreseen. Further, it is of the opinion that, while the Umon may not have a problem with the
first posting, that, in fact, is where the problem began. The problem is not with the province-wide
.posting but rather with the restriction of applicants to permanent tull-time. Had this restriction
not been in place, since there is no restriction respecting apPlication tbr positions on either
permanent thll-time or permanent part-time employees, it would then have been 6pen to
applicants fi'om either group to apply and the criteria tbr eligibility would have been qualification
to do the work and seniority. A promotion for a permanent part-time employee would have
occurred only if there were no permanent tull-time employee eligible and qualified. Casual
employees would not have been eligible to apply because of the restrictions placed on them in
Article 31.4.
In conclusion, the Board has determined that the language of the Collective Agreement
does not require the Employer' to post permanent tull-time positions, in particular the "C" and "D"
manager positions,' province-wide, although the abrupt discontinuance of a practice of such long
d
Standing mutual acceptance, and on Milch the Union may have relied in negotiations, perhaps tO
its detriment, would surely be unwise and unsettling The Board' has further concluded'~hat the
language of the Collective Agreement gives the Employer the right.to restrict potential'applicants
9
:
·
for pemmnent:thll-time positions only in tile caseofthe casual category~ as set out in.,4d-tir31e 31.4.
With that exception permanent full-time postings are open to ~employees" according to Aaticle
,z 1.4 (a).
The Panel will remain seized' in the event the parties reqmre its assistance with respect to
its decision.
Dated ' .' ' .~"~/~' '
Tht,~ February 2, 1996. f~,[,.j~ ~t ~'-~
D., I. Cl~trk, Member
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