HomeMy WebLinkAbout1992-0605.Montgomery et al.93-06-25
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ONTARIO EMPLOYES DE LA COURONNE
CROWN EMPLOYEES DEL 'ONTARIO
_.II GRI.EVANCE COMMISSION DE
,
. SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT
: BOARD DES GRIEFS
180 DUNDAS STREET WEST SUITE 2100, TORONTO, ONTARIO. M5G lZ8 TELEPHONE/TELEPHONE (416) 326-138
180 RUE DUNDAS OUEST BUREAU 2100, TORONTO (ONTARIO) M5G lZ8 FACSIMILE /TELECOPIE (416) 326-139
,.) 0605/92
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
OPSEU (Montgomery et al)
Grievor
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Health)
Employer
BEFORE H Finley Vice-Chairperson
P. Klym Member
F. collict Member
FOR THE A Lee
GRIEVOR Grievance Officer
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
FOR THE M Smyth
RESPONDENT Counsel
Genest Murray DesBrisay Lameh
~ Barristers & Solicitors
HEARING January 11, 1993
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GSB 605/92
o E C I S ION
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The Grievor, Mr John Montgomery, is an Ambulance Officer
with the Ottawa-Carleton Regional Ambulance Service He occupies
the position of Ambulance Of f iicer 2 and h'as been with the
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Ministry of Health s i nc e October 15, 19'70 Mr Montgomery
resides in Almonte, Ontario, which is north.."west of Ottawa, 57
kilometres from his workbase which is located in the south-east
quadrant of Ottawa, close to the Ottawa International Airport
Mr Montgomery is grieving that he was denied "special leave" /
under Article 55 1, infra on the occasion of a severe snowstorm
which hit the area on'January 14, 1992 at about 0300 hours It
resulted I in his not attending work due to weather, road, and
visibility conditions
The Union alleges that the Employer failed to properly
investigate the c'ircumstances and give full consideration to the
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request in order to determine whether or not it merited leave on
special or compassionate grounds The Employer takes the
poSition that in exercising its discretion, it did so reasonably,
and that as part of its consideration it took into account that
all other scheduled employees were able to get to work I twas
the conclusion of the Employer that the Grievor presented no
special circumstances which distinguished his failure to reach
his headquarters Mr Montgomery had previous ( for
a request
discretionary leave, in 1982, following a break-in at the family
home and a further request due to weather and lateness on
December 12, 1992
Article 55 reads as follows (
55 1 A Deputy Minister or his designee may grant
an employee leave-of-absence with pay for not
more than three ( 3 ) days in a year upon
special or compassionate grounds
55 2 The granting of leave under this Article
shall not be dependent upon or charged
against accumulated credits
[Emphasis added]
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The evidence showed that Mr Montgomery was scheduled to
work from 1900 hours on January 14th to 0700 hours on January 15,
1992 On January 14th, the local radio station advised that I
there would be freezing rain In the early afternoon it did rain t
heav i ly and as the afternoon progressed, a drop in temperature I
resulted in the predicted freezing rain and later, snow pellets
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In consequence, Mr Montgomery, anticipating poor driving
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conditions, arranged for a sitter to corne earlier than usual and i
left his home at 1635 hours, ahead of his usual departure time of
1810 hours His normal route which he follows to avoid traffic,
is over paved roads, approximately 1/2 ~n the country and 1/2 in
the city and he started out on that route Mr Montgomery owns a
1985 Buick Century Station Wagon which he was driving that day
He travelled along Highway 44, which is a main artery, onto Upper
Dwyer Hill, a double-lane highway which is a secondary road
During this time there was freezing rain and the roads were
slushy, and the combination hampered his visibility To attempt
to deal with this, he had his heater and wipers on full but was
still required to stop twice to remove ice from the windshield
Continuing on, he crossed Highway 7 which appeared to him to have
been neither ploughed nor salted, onto Flewellyn Road and hence
to stittsville His trip to this point, had taken 4~5 minutes
which is approximately the length of time that Mr Montgomery
norma lly requires to cover the total distance and he still had
about 20 kilometres to ttavel He was listening to his car radio
and heard the local weather report and commentary He learned
that the driving was treacherous, that worse was to come and that I
schools and federal government offices had closed early. I twas
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at this time that he "made a decision not to become a statistic,
but to return home " He turned back and retracing the same
route, returned to the intersection of Upper Dwyer Road and
Highway 44 and then, in a further attempt to make his way to 1
work, went north to Highway 417 This road is double-lane to
Bayshore where it becomes triple-lane It is a highly travelled
road at that time of day; however, Mr Montgomery was proceeding I
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against the traffic He continued on this road for 30 minutes,
turned onto 'l'erry Fox Drive, then to the north part of
Stittsville He planned to go a I 0 n'g Eagleson Road, to
Fallowfield Road and thence to the Airport However, he found
that the opp had 'closed the road in Stittsville He observed
that the weather conditions remained the same as earlier and that
the road conditions indicated that there had been an increase in
use It was at this point i n time, 1750 hours, that he notified
his Employer that he would not be corning to work He spoke with
Angelo Milo, who was the shift manager Mr Milo was not Mr
Montgomery' ,s supervisor Mr Milo thanked him for calling and
commented on the severity of the weather conditions As usual,
at that time; there was no discussion of how the absence would be
dealt with
On the date in question, January 14th, Mr Montgomery was
the only employee of 4 ambulance officers and a total of 12
employees who was~ absent from work Nor was any of the others
late in arriving at work A replacement for Mr Montg.omery was
available to work from the outset of the shift
On January 20, 1992, Mr Montgomery's next scheduled work
day he, attended work and submitted a memorandum requesting
discretionary leave It read as follows
Send to> Mr Angelo Milo
Assistant Manager
OCRAS January 20, 1992
From John L Montgomery #12497
Discretionary Leave
Dear Sir, On January 14, 1992, as you recall a record
blinding storm pounded this province This season's
worst storm encased in ice and snow, virtually
paralyzed schools and closed business [sic] Police
adVised motorist to stay off high ways due to scores of
minor accidents The storm nicknamed by environment
Canada as the "BOMB" Approx 17 30 hours I called in
and informed you of my difficulty in getting in
Due to the unsafe conditions, my two attempts to
drive in were hampered due to the freezing rainy,
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visibility next to zero, I am requesting discretionary
leave for lost hours of work due to the storm
I in advance for your assistance in
I thank you
this matter
[s igned]"
John L Montgomery
[sic]
This memorandum was sent by ma i 1 and was not discussed with its
recipient
Following this, on Febr1;lary 2, 1992, Mr Montgomery was
given a 'Leave of Absence Request Authorization Form' by the
shift supervisor, Billy Bennett, and it was indicated to him that
leave requests should be submitted with reasons There was no
discussion between Mr Montgomery and Mr Bennett about the
particular request and, on February 4th, Mr Montgomery
completed, signed, and submitted the form He indicated in it
that his request was for discretion'ary leave and referred the
reader for reasons to his previous memo which he attached The
request was submi tted. to Mr Lyle Massender, Manager of the
Ottawa-Carleton Regional Ambulance Service, who forwarded it to
the Regional Office in Almonte
Mr Massender testified that his "role is to gather written
paper work" and to "ensure sufficient information is on the form
to assist the employee" He has no decision-making authority
with respect to leave under Article 55 Mr Massender did not
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speak with Mr Montgomery concerning his request
It is the responsibility of Mr Blake Forsyth, the Regional
Manager, to evaluate requests for discretionary leave, make
I recommendations an!i forward them to Toronto to the Directoz:: and
Assistaht Director, Emergency Health Services Branch who)consider
requests for discretionary leave from 6 regions Mr Forsyth
consider.s the circumstances of each request and does not te1y on
past practice in his evaluation
In the case we are considering, Mr Forsyth "added a number
of items to John Montgomery's written request " Further, he
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ev~luated weather conditions on that day and as part of that
process contacted Environment Canada and received the information
which is recorded on the Discretionary Leave Form, infra As
well, he checked with Mr Massend~r, the attendance of other
employeeS at the ottawa-Carleton Regional Ambulance Service on
that shift He learned that none of the others, most of whom
must travel into ottawa, had been absent or la.te None, however,
would have travelled within 15 kilometres of the area in which
Mr Montgomery was t.ravelling
Mr Forsyth also used his own experience of weather and
travel on January 14th as a point of comparison in evaluating the
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Grievor's request Mr Forsyth drives a F,ord Aerostar which has
a rear-wheel drive and which is, in his experience, "notoriously
not good in snow" He also uses both major and secondary roads
to travel to and from work He went from o t ta wa to Bell's
Corners at 1530 hours Following a brief stay, he departed from
Bells Corners at 1630 hours and drove for 3 kilometres along
Moodie Drive to Highway 417, along Highway 417 to Highway 44
along which he travelled 16 kilometres to Almonte and a further 4
kilometres to his home Bells Corners is located approximately
10 ki10metres north east of Stittsville Mr Forsyth observed
that though traffic waS proceeding, driving required extr;a care
He was not aware of the closing of any roads or of the closing of
federal offices but testified that he was not contacted by the
Emergency Measures Co-ordinator
In order to round out hls investigation of Mr Montgomery's
request, Mr Forsyth reviewed 4 ambulance dispatch records which
recorded calls received and responded to by the ottawa-Carleton
Regional Ambulance Servic~ on January 14th between 14 10 and
20 36 hours From these, after considering the times required
for arrival and return, and the fact that there was no indication
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of any road problems at the dispatch, Mr Forsyth concluded that
road conditions were not extremely poor and that traffic was not
a significant problem He acknowledged, however, that at the
time of his conclusion, he was not a wa r e of Mr Montgomery's
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specific route and that the only road on which both he and the
Grievor travelled was Highway 44, in the Almonte area
To conclude his review of Mr Montgomery's request for
discretionary leave, the Employer Qompleted the following form
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and forwarded it wi th the request and attached memorandum to the
Head Office in Toronto
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DISCRETIONARY REVIEW 55.1 NAME J.MontqomeryDATEFeb2/92
Nature of Event Date Jan 14/92 - 19:00 hrs.
- Called away from work
- Absent from work X Shift 1900
- Late
- Other
Review
- Any other provisions apply
( - Any other credits or arrangements suggested
Other Lieu\ Bank Credit
- If due to weather, provide history
JaIi 14 - 0300 - rain
- 14:00 ice pell[lets]
- l6.00 - snow (-6) NW 20 mph
19:00 - snow (-13) NW 20 mph 3 cm snow
Jan 15 0300 - end 7 cmtotal
- Details/emergency n~ture/severity/uniqueness
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SEG ASSD } - OSGWPE, VARS, PLANTAGENET,
ALL MOVING NO PROBLEMS, SAME ROAD DIRECTION PLANT, OLD
HWY 7 - OPEN? BLOWING NO PROBLEMS
Comments
RM [Reqional Manaqer] - Kanata - 15.30
Approved ___ ___Not Approved X [siqned B. Forsyth]
[Regional Manager]
Following the usual practice, Mr Forsyth spoke with the
Assistant Director to provide geographical and attendance
information with respect to the local area and the shift on
January 14th The Grievor was not contacted by Mr Forsyth or by
the Director or Assistant Director
Throughout this process, it was Mr Forsyth's understanding
from Mr Massender, that Mr Montgomery had accepted an alternate
credit which would have been the usual practice He had no
information as to whether the credit was vacation or statutory,
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nor did he know whether or not he had any credits available Mr
Forsyth made it clear that the use of credits in no way
influenced his recommendation
Later in the month, Mr Montgomery received a denial of his
request, signed by the Director, Mr Graham Brand, dated February
17, 1992 The denial stated simply, "Not Approved " no
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explanation was provided at that time, either written or verbal
As a result of this, Mr Montgomery cO'nsul ted the Chief Shop
Steward, who said he could grieve and he did so on April 3, 1992
Later in April, a response, signed by the Regional Manager, Mr
Forsyth, was received as part of the grievance process Mr
Montgomery was paid for the shift in question and assumes that
the absence was covered by either vacation or statutory time He
noted that the deduction from his credit bank had been made prior
to the denial of his request and that he had at no time
authorized any deduction
The Union's Representative, Ms Anne Lee, submitted that the
test, in this case, is not whether the decision was correct, but
whether the consideration of the request was proper The Union
argued that in order for the Employer's discretion to be properly
exercised, reasonable attempts must be made to ascertain the
( . the consideration was
basis of the request and that in this case,
i n~su f f i c i e nt, and noted that no evidence was ava i lable from the
actual decision-maker since he was not called Ms Lee submitted
fu r the r , that the automatic deduction of credits from an
employee is credit bank without the individual's authority is not
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permitted under Article 55
Ms Lee argued that the Ambulance Dispatch Reports were
( irrelevant, given that the roads referred to therein, were not
those which were travelled by the Grievor and that the Employer's
failure to check Mr Montgomery's route is evidence of
insufficient consideration Road conditions, she maintained,
could vary within a short distance
Ms Lee reviewed Mr. Montgomery's actions on the day in
question and noted that he attempted to get to work, made I
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,_allowances for t'he weather by departing earlier than normal,
tried an alternate rou,te after he turned back the first time,
notified the Employer promptly and submitted a reasonably
detailed request i)
In conclusion, Ms Lee urged the Bc;>ard to grant the
discretionary leave, not as a replacement for the Employer's !
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decision, but as a remedy for its failure to properly consider
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the Grievor's request S!ie further requested that the Board
should remain seized
Mr Michael Smyth, Counsel for the Employer, stated that the
Employer was in agreement wi1;:h the Union that the issue is
whether the Employer failed to exercise its discretion without
arbitrariness, bad faith or discrimination and submitted that the
onu~ which lies with the Union to prove the failure, has not been
satisfied in this case
Mr Smyth no t,e d that, although we can only speculate on the
decision-maker's considerations, the process, as it is set up,
does allow discussion between that individual and the Regional
Manager and elaboration of the information, particularly in those
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cases in which the decision is different from the recommendation
Mr Smyth submitted that the evidence indicated that a thorough
investiSJation had taken place and that the results of this
investigation were before the decision-maker for his
consideration
Mr Smyth reviewed the steps that Mr Forsyth had taken
during his investigation and noted that 'he had driven a portion
of the Grievor'sroute during the time in question in a vehicle
which would not have provided him with any driving advantage over
the Grievor, tha,t the dispatch reports, while not covering
precisely the same area were close to it He also, Mr Smyth
noted, contacted the weather office as well as inquiring about
the success or failure of others getting to work on that
occasion His review and subsequent recommendation was based on
these considerations and this was, Mr Smyth argued, a reasonable
exercise of the Employer's discretion There was no adherence to
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rigid pol icy nor )
was there consideration of irrelevant factors
As to the issue of the unilateral deduction of credits, Mr Smyth
noted that there is no mention of this complaint in the
grievance He submitted that, i f~ the Board agrees that the
discretion was exercised in good fai th and wi thout a.rbi trar'iness
or discrimination, t
then the grieVance must be denied
The parties referred the Board to the following cases and
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these were duly reviewed
OPSEU (Pieter B Kuyntjes) and Th,:! Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Transportation and Communications) (1984), GSB ,.
513/84 (Ver i ty)
OPSEU (Carl Stacey) and The Crown in Right of Ontario (Ministry
of Correctiona~ Services) (1987), GSB ,. 0193/85 (Roberts)
OPSEU (H O'Brien) and The Crown in Right of Ontario (Ministry of
Correctional Services) (1987), GSB ,. 1157/86 (Gandz)
OPSEU ( (M Chow) and The Crown in Right of Ontario (Ministry of
Labour) (1987), GSB It 2004/86 ( Forbes-Roberts')
OPSEU ( (M Chow) and The Crown in Right of Ontario (Ministry of
Labour) (1987), GSB ,. 2004/86 (Forbes,.-Roberts)
OPSEU (Dennis F. Mailloux) and The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Correctional Services) (1988), GSB ,. 0087/88 (M G
Pichet)
OPSEU (J Carvalho) and The Crown in Right of Ontario (Ministry
of the Attorney General) (1989), GSB It 0821/88 (Kirkwood)
The Board accepts the established arbitral jurisprudence
with respect to arbitral review of management's discretion, that
is, that the scope of its review is 1 imi ted to the decision-
making process, as opposed to the decision itself
The process in this instance had a number of steps involving
a number of individuals who considered the Grievor's request
The steps were as ~ollows
20 Jan The Grievor mailed a memorandum to the
Assistant-Manager of the Service
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Memorandum returned and Leave of Absence Request
Authorization sent to Grievor for completion.
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2 Feb The Grievor submitted a Leave of Absence Request
Authorization with the previous memorandum
attached to the Manag~r of the Service
4 Feb The Manager of the Service signed the request form (
and forwarded it to the Regional Manager for his
consideration
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4/5 Feb The Regional Manager spoke with the Manager
of the Service and Environment Canada,
obtained 4 dispatch records, consulted his
own travel log and considered this
inf'ormation
) 6 Feb The Re1g i ona 1 Manager forwarded the Leave of
Absence Request, with Mr Montgomery's memo
atta'ched, the Discretionary Review 55 1 form wi th
details and comments and his recommendation that
the request for discretionary leave not be
:approved, to the Directbr/Assistant Director
Emergency Health Services, Toronto
- Feb Assistant Director spoke with the Regional Manager
inquiring about the attendance of other empl,oyees
on that shift and certain geogra~hical details
17 Feb Director accepted the recommendation of the
Regional Manager and denied the request.
- Mar Grievor informed by letter of denial
3 Apr Grievance filed by Mr Montgomery
Reference to the above chronology, shows that the Grievor's
request, once submitted, passed through 3 different levels - the
Local Manager, the Regional Manager, and the Assistant Director,
before arriving at the decision-maker, the Director During this
process there was no contact with the Grievor with respect to his
request or the reasons for it
The Local Manager's role, Mr Massender testified, is "to
gather the ~ritten paper work" and to "ensure there is sufficient
information on the form to assist the employee " He testified
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that "employees are advised" and that ".1 f the information was
insufficient [he] would tell the employee and ask for further
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information to be added" The evidence showed that Mr Massender
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made no inquiries of the Grievor but determined, on the basis of
Mr Montgomery's attached me mo rand um', that this provided I
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sufficient information "to assist the 1/ employee" There was no
evidence that he considered the request and the reasons for
sufficiency of information Nor was there testimony as to !
whether he made any attempt to enquire whether crucial
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information was lacking We know that he did not contact the
Grievor, howeve~, and it is the Grievor who would have been the
obvious source of info;rmation in this respect
It is worth noting that, although the local manager is the
lowest level of management involved in the de cis i~ 0 n - ma kin g
process in cases of discretionary leave requests, he or she
occupies a crucial position in the process This is the person
who controls the information flow to the higher level personnel
who are involved He or she decides whether the employee should
have or requires the opportunity to have further' inpt,lt or
involvement There two approaches to take when arriving at I
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such a decision One can take the view that the information goes
forward as presented unless there is something obviously lacking
or incorrect. Or, one can approach it from the point of view
tha-t employees making a request for discretionary leave should be
given an opportunity to clarify, expand upon or discuss their
reasons as presented, unless there are clear indicators as to why
this opportunity should not be offered Since, the initial
controller of information flow does not know, with certainty,
what considerations the levels above him or her will take into
account, it seems reasonable to offer requesters the opportunity
unless there are clear reasons f'or mak ing an exception
The Regional Manager, used the Grievor's memorandum and his
own personal experience of travelling in the opposite direction
on, with one exception, other routes as the basis for further
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inquiries He also considered 4 ambulance dispatch records
which he stated were not from the immediate locale He wanted to
know from an independent source, the severity of the weather \
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conditions and contacted Environment Canada He did not inquire
as to local road conditions from the Ministry of Transportation
or the Ontario Provincial Police or other individuals responsible
for the management of roads, traffic and emergencies but re 1 i'ed
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initially on his own experience He then made inquiries of the
Local Manager wit~ respect to attendance of others and ambulance
drivers' experience in other locations during the shift in
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question He made no inquiries of the Grievor Mr Forsyth
weighed the information and concluded that a denial was
appropriate I
The Assistant Director received a recommendation for denial
Having done so he would be seeking information which would help
him determine if there were any reason why he should not follow
the Regional Manager's recommendation He made inquiries about
attendance of others and geographical details from the Regional
Manager who was relying in part on his personal experience No
inquiries were made of the Gri€vor at this stag€
At the final stage, the recommendation for denial went
forward and there was no evidence as to what the Director
considered except, we know that he had a recommendation for
denial by two leve l.s and there was no evidence that he sought
further information Once again, no inquiries were made of the
Grievor ~
The Board ,recognizes that the likelihood and
appropriateness of contac,t with the Grievor diminishes as the
request proceeds through the various levels
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This analysis of the decision-making process, raises certain
questions
Should the employee contact the employer once he or she has
submitted a request for discretionary leave ? An employee who
does so may run,the risk of seeming impatient or demanding In
the Board's opinion, however, there is nothing improper about
doing so However, once the request has been submitted, it is -
not unreasonable for an employee to expect the employer to take
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the next step and to make further inquiries or ask for
clarification
Should the employer contact the employee following receipt
of a written request, with reasons, f,Dr discretionary leave 7 To
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do so is not mandatory however, in the ~oard's opinion, for the
Employer to give proper consideration to a request the employee
must be given the opportunity of 'presenting all the relevant
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information The Board is of the opinion, that: in the matter of
discretionary leave, which sterns from personal circumstances of
the individual requesters ,_ the onus is on the employee to
prov id'e the relevant information since that can, practically,
corne from no one else However " the r eq u e's t e r is at a
disadvantage when restricted to a written submission, in that he
or she does not know on what other information the recommender
and decision-maker are going to rely, or, for that matte,r, how
the reasons for the request have been received For instance,
Mr Montgomery was not aware that Mr Forsyth was relying on his
own personal driving experience on that day, and had he realized
that, he might have included more detailed reports of local road
conditions which he encountered, such as the road-closing by the
opp in Stittsv~lle
Further, should the Employer re'ly solely on the written
submission of the employee requesting disGretionary leave 7
Mr Massender saw several facets to his role
- to gather written paper work
- to ensure sufficient information is on the form
- to advise employees
- to obtain furtner information in those cases where he
determ!nes that the information is insufficient
Mr Massender gathered the paper work and, we do- not know
precisely how, determined that the information on the form
sufficed He did not, therefore advise Mr Montgomery with
respect to, his request, nor did he attempt to obtain further
information The employee was not offered the opportunity to
clarify or expand on his memorandum, nor was he told, prior to
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its submission, that his memorandum was to be the sole
information from him, on which the determination would be made
Had he been aware of that, he might have offered his reasons in a
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more detailed way However, the Boa:r;d is of the opinion that the
Griever was unwise to assume that the storm in question would
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necessarily be vie wed or experienced by others as severely as by
himself, thereby alleviating the need for details
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In spite of the Grievor's assumption, it is the Board's
conclusion that the provision of opportunity for 'clarification
and expansion to a requester of discretionary leave, over and
above the initial written request, even with reasons, is a
necessary component of proper consideratiqn of the request The
Board has concluded that, in this instance; the Employer failed
lto give the request proper consideration The Board does .not
believe that the Employer failed to consider the request
conscientiously or had any ulterior motive for denying the
opportunity The failure seems due more to an unawareness of the
ifuportance of the offering of the opportunity in the process
In the result, the Board orders that special leave be granted to
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the Grievor for January 14, 1992 and that the appropriate
adjustments be made to his credit bank
The Union submitted that the "automatic deduction" of credit
from the Grievor's bank was without authority and that this is
not permitted under Article 55 2, supra The Employer replied
that no ment'ion of this matter had been made in the or iginal
grievance In the Board's opinion, evidence of sufficient
preciseness has not been put forward for the Board to make a
declaration on this matter, but the Board recommends that the
Employer review its procedures with respect to these deductions
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The Board will remain seized of this matter in the event
that there is difficulty in implementing its decision I
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Dated at Kingston
this 25th day of June, 1993
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"I D i's s e n t " Dissent Attached
F T Collict
Member
Dissents
d/IC 0~
Peter Klym
Member
Concurs
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DISSENT
Re G.S.B #060'5/92 (MONTGOMERY)
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This Member is not in agreement with this award for the following reasons.
Once more in cases of this nature (Special and Compassionate Leave), one must
consider two seemingly different lines of jurisprudence, well established in the G S 8 ,
but which cause one to reach different conclusions. These are,
1 The quasi-judicial VERITY position established in KUYANTJES (G S B
#513/84) which stated that management decisions associated with the exercise
of discretion must be made within the confines of certain minimuhl standards of
administrative justice (i e the forefold considerations), and
2 The broader SWINTON and PICHER approach to the management decision-
making process. In YOUNG and MCSS (1979) 24 L.A.C (2d) (SWINTON), the I
.following was stated, I
"An arbitration board. must decide whether the employer
has acted reasonably and without discrimination and has
turned its mind to the merits of the particular request. If
satisfied that these criteria have been met, the board must
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deny the grievances, even if it disagrees with the result
reached by the employer or if it might have reached a
decision other than that reached by the employer The
board's concern is the reasonableness of the decision, not
its "correctness" in the board's view Such an approach is
the proper one to adopt in situations such as leave of
absence cases, where the collective agreement gives the
employer a broad discretion and where the board has less
familiarity than 'has the employer with the needs of the work
place"
(pages 147-148)
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M PICHER, in G S B. #87/88' (p. 16) has no difficulty in accepting the conclusions
reached in the KUYANT JES award (VERITY), but expre$sed concerns,
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" lest any confusion evolve from the reference to
administrative law standards as they may relatecto tne
scope of arbitral review" I
(p 16)
The award continued,
"That concern is prompted in part by the position of the
Union jn this case, the thrust of which is that in a grievance
of this kind the burden is upon the Employer to establish
that it has conducted a full investigation, has considered all
relevant material, and has exercised its discretion in
keeping with the standards that govern the decisions of
persons exercising statutory powers of decision
In our view the approach urged upon this Board by the Union risks I
undulv iudicializing decision making in the dav to dav management of the
Emplover's operations. Acceptance of the Union s position would be
perilously tantamount to requiring the Emploverto conduct an inQuirv, on
Quasi-judicial lines, every time a request is made bv an emplovee which
requires the exercise of the Emplover's discretion. The consequences of
such an approach should not be minimized The exercise of statutory
powers of decisions and the making of decisions by an employer in the
contractual framework of a collective agreement in the day to day
operation of an enterprise, be it private or public, are two very different
things. The prospect of boards of arbitration striking down
management's deciSions on the basis that an officer of management
failed to conduct a sufficiently thorough investigation, asked himself or
herself the wrong question or misdirected himself or herself in some
material way, to borrow the well-worn phraseology of administrative law,
risks converting a collective agreement into an instrument for
management by arbitrators. In our view such broad powers of review
should not be found unless thev are supported bv the clear terms of a
collective agreement."
(underscoring added)
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Are these broad powers of review included in thu collective agreement as related to
,requests for Special and Compassionate Leave under the provisions of Article 55 1 ?
Clearly they are not.
Moreover, it is quite apparent that the application of the four considerations set out in
KUYANTJES (G S B #513/84) and which are intended to be used to review decisions \
made by Management to ensure that they meet c~rtain minimum standards of
administrative justice, actually involves,
" enquiry, on quasi-judicial lines, every time a request is
made by an employee which requires the exercise of the ,
Employer's discretion"
(G S B #87/88, P 17, MAILLOUX)
In fhis subject Montgomery case, it is clear that the Ministry of Health has
endeavoured to establish a "process", province-wide, to establish consistency in the
evaluation of requests for Special and Compassionate Leave from employees in the
Ambulance Service, to ensure a'standC)rd of fairness for all employees. It would
appear however, that in this Montgomery case, the majority has found that the
Employer has failed to QO back to the, emplovee to ask for additional information,
notwithstanding the fact that the Employer,
a) checked out the nature of the storm (weather office, etc.)
b) routes driven by ambulance drivers in the same area,
c) reviewed attendance of other drivers on the same day and shift,
d) reviewed the supervisor's own personal experience driving within the
approximate area where the driver would have been requireci to come to work,
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'e) requested Mr Montgomery to submit a written request concerning his request
for sp'ecialleave for the day in question,
f) etc., etc.
Regardless of the above, the majority in this case concluded at page 14, that
"It is the Board's conclusion that the provision of opportunity
for clarification and expansion to a request of discretionary
leave over and above the initial written request, even with
reasons, is a necessary component of proper consideration
of the request."
As a consequence, the Board concluded at page 14, that
" the Employer failed to give the reque,st proper
consideration"
However, with reference to the question of legal or evidentiary burden concerning
matters of this nature, M Picher in G$ B #87/88 has stated that this responsibility
lies with the Union (p17), and,
"In considering that question a board of arbitration must not
lose siaht of the fact that the arievor is the' party with the \
best first-hand knowledae of his own circumstances,
including those facts which would justify the application of
the Employer's discretion in his favour The Grievor is
entitled to have the merits of his case fully considered By
/' the same token, however, it is he who bears a
commensurate responsibility to make all pertinent facts
known to the manaaerial decision maker."
(underscoring added)
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In the Montgomery case, the Employer had established a review process for the
review from across the province of requests related to Special and Compassionate
Leave There was no evidence to the effect that the process was not implemented in
accordance with this process, .nor was there any evidence or claim by the Union that
the Montgomery request was considered arbitrary or in bad faith Accordingly, as
stated at pages 19 and 20 in G S B #87/88; (MAILLOUX),
"As Vice-Chairs Swinton and Roberts have clearly stated, it
is not the place of a board of arbitration to determine
whether management's decision was "correct" If the
evidence disclosed that the employer has acted reasonably,
without discrimination, and has applied its mind to the
merits of the employee's request in a way that is devoid of
arbitrariness or bad faith, the grievance cannot succeed."
In this case, management has acted reasonably It had established a procedure
province-wide to review requests of the sort advanced in this case Management
turned its mind to the merits of Mr Montgomery's request and gathered information
concerning the reasonableness of his request as related to the experiences of other
(
employees, driving conditions, etc There was neither evidence of, nor a claim that
the Employer had acted in bad faith or in an arbitrary manner
In fact, as stated at page 14 of this majority award,
"The Board does not believe the Employer failed to
consider the request conscientiously or had any ulterior
motive for denying the opportunity"
The only criticism of the Employer's performance was that the Employer did not go
back to the employee for.!!lQ!!! information, over and beyond the initial written request
filed by Mr Montgomery Surely this conclusion by the majority in this award places
the Board in the position of management decision-making by ~rbitrators, -- a position
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which should be taken by boards of arbitration,
"unless ,they are supported by the 01ear terms of a collective
agreement."
(G S 8 #87/88, MAILLOUX, P 17)
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Given the above evidence and the established jurisprudence, this Member would have
not disturbed Management's disposition of the subject grievance This grj~vance
should have been dismissed
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