HomeMy WebLinkAbout2014-3306.Maude.17-01-04 Decision
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GSB#2014-3306
UNION#2014-0248-0032
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
(Maude) Union
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The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services) Employer
BEFORE Ken Petryshen Vice-Chair
FOR THE UNION Ed Holmes
Ryder Wright Blair & Holmes LLP
Counsel
FOR THE EMPLOYER Peter Dailleboust
Treasury Board Secretariat
Legal Services Branch
Counsel
HEARING
CONFERENCE CALL
October 17, 2016
November 23, 2016
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Decision
[1] In a decision dated March 14, 2016, I directed the Employer to reinstate Mr. R.
Maude to employment at the Hamilton-Wentworth Detention Centre (“HWDC”)
with his seniority and “to place him in a substantially equivalent position that does
not involve direct responsibility for inmates and does not provide an opportunity
for contact with inmates.” I also indicated that I would remain seized of any
implementation issues that might arise. The Employer placed Mr. Maude on
payroll the day after it received the decision and subsequently assigned him to
the Receptionist position. The Union claims that this position is not a
substantially equivalent position and it requested that I direct the Employer to
assign Mr. Maude to one of two possible positions on the basis that they are
substantially equivalent to his former Correctional Officer (“CO”) position and are
not impacted by section 7 of the Crown Employees Bargaining Act (“CECBA”).
The Union’s primary submission is that Mr. Maude should be assigned to a
position in the Central Control Module (“Control”). In the alternative, it requested
that he be assigned to the Front Door post. Each of these posts is staffed with a
CO. Counsel provided me with a factual context for resolving the relevant issues
during the course of their submissions. Subsequent to the hearing I convened a
conference call with counsel for the purpose of clarifying some of the facts
related to the Union’s primary position that Mr. Maude be assigned to Control.
[2] The Employer’s main reasons for discharging Mr. Maude were because he struck
an inmate with a single punch to the head while trying to control him in a
segregation cell and he did not reference this punch in his Occurrence Report.
Mr. Maude did admit to striking the inmate at the time he was suspended
pending an investigation. After considering all of the circumstances, including
Mr. Maude’s 28+ years of seniority, his virtually unblemished discipline free
record and the fact that it was very unlikely that he would repeat such
misconduct, I determined that it was appropriate to reinstate him to employment
at the HWDC without compensation. Given the provisions of section 7 of the
CECBA, I did not have the authority to direct Mr. Maude’s reinstatement to his
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former General Duty Officer position. I commented on the authority I did have
and what I was prepared to do about remedy in the following paragraphs of the
decision starting at page 33:
[53] The general authority for an arbitrator to substitute another
penalty is set out in subsection 48(17) of the Labour Relations Act,
1995. This subsection provides as follows:
Where an arbitrator or arbitration board determines
that an employee has been discharged or otherwise
disciplined by an employer for cause and the
collective agreement does not contain a specific
penalty for the infraction that is the subject matter of
the arbitration, the arbitrator or arbitration board may
substitute such other penalty for the discharge or
discipline as to the arbitrator or arbitration board
seems just and reasonable in all the circumstances.
[54] The general power in subsection 48(17) of the Labour
Relations Act, 1995, to substitute a different penalty as set out
above is restricted by subsections (4), (5) and (6) of section 7 of the
CECBA, which provide as follows:
7. (4) In substituting a penalty under subsection 48 (17) of
the Labour Relations Act, 1995, the Grievance
Settlement Board shall not provide for the
employment of an employee in a position that
involves direct responsibility for or that provides an
opportunity for contact with residents in a facility or
with a client if the Board has found that the employee,
(a) has applied force to a resident in a facility or a
client, except the minimum force necessary for
self-defence or the defence of another person
or necessary to restrain the resident or client;
(b) has sexually molested a resident or a client.
7. (5) In subsection (4),
“facility” means
(e) a correctional institution under the Ministry of
Correctional Services Act. “resident” means a
person who is an inmate, patient, pupil or
resident in or cared for in a facility.
7. (6) In substituting a penalty under subsection 48 (17) of the
Labour Relations Act, 1995, in circumstances in which it is
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restricted by subsection (4), the Grievance Settlement Board
may provide for the employment of the employee in another
substantially equivalent position.
[55] In the circumstances of this case, I have the jurisdiction to
substitute a penalty for CO Maude’s discharge as long as I
reinstate him to a substantially equivalent position that complies
with the restriction in 7(4) of the CECBA. The restriction in 7(4)
does not apply to the Employer. It is therefore open to the Employer
to place CO Maude into the GDO position that he had occupied
prior to his discharge. Faced with a direction to reinstate CO
Maude and the strong evidence that indicates that he is unlikely to
repeat his misconduct, I anticipate that the Employer will give
consideration to returning him to a GDO position. The Union
requested that I should direct the Employer to reinstate CO Maude
to a position that satisfies the subsection 7(4) restriction, such as a
position in control. I am not inclined to do that and, assuming the
Employer does not return him to a GDO position, I will leave it to
the parties to agree on an appropriate position for CO Maude,
having regard to the restriction in subsection 7(4).
[56] For the foregoing reasons, ... CO Maude’s grievance dated
November 3, 2014, is allowed in part. If the Employer is not
prepared to place him in his former GDO position, I direct the
Employer to forthwith reinstate CO Maude to employment at the
HWDC with his seniority and to place him in a substantially
equivalent position that does not involve direct responsibility for
inmates and does not provide an opportunity for contact with
inmates. Having regard to the seriousness of his misconduct, the
reinstatement shall be without compensation. Although I appreciate
that CO Maude has been absent from the HWDC for a long time
and that he has experienced significant financial losses, I am
satisfied that a four week suspension would not be an appropriate
penalty for the unjustified and excessive use of force on inmate
Woods. The discharge shall be removed from his record and
substituted with a suspension from the date of his discharge until
the date of his reinstatement. I will remain seized with any issue
that may arise from the implementation of these directions.
[3] Superintendent Laughlin met with Mr. Maude on June 20, 2016, and discussed
his assignment to the Receptionist position. Located in the administrative area
near the front of the institution (outside of the secure part of the HWDC), the
Receptionist performs a variety of administrative duties. It is unnecessary to list
these duties in detail because it is quite obvious that they are significantly
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different from the duties of a CO. The general duties of a CO involve the care,
custody, control and supervision of inmates, whereas the Receptionist does not
perform a role that involves supervising inmates. As a general rule, COs do not
perform Receptionist functions. The one exception is with respect to phone calls
to reception during nights and on weekends when the Receptionist is not on duty.
These phone calls are answered by the CO in Control.
[4] The Employer provided Mr. Maude with a week of training for his new position
and advised him that he was not permitted access to the institution past grille
one. He cannot therefore attend any activities held for COs that takes place
within the secure part of the institution. For example, he is precluded from
having his lunch or attending any functions in the lounge located within the
secure area of the facility. He cannot use the gym located across from the
lounge. There is a lounge at the front of the institution that Mr. Maude can
access for his lunch and breaks.
[5] In his Receptionist role, Mr. Maude is scheduled to work Monday to Friday, from
8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. The Receptionist rate is $22.14 per hour. In contrast, the
hourly rate for a CO is $32.64. The Employer has been paying Mr. Maude on the
basis of a 40-hour work week at the CO rate and it red-circled his pay at that
rate. This means that his hourly rate will not increase until the hourly rate of pay
for Receptionist reaches $32.64. Mr. Maude will not receive the 3% special
increase and the negotiated increase of 1.4% that all COs are entitled to receive
effective January 1, 2017. As a Receptionist, as opposed to a CO, he will not
have the opportunity to work overtime or on statutory holidays. These matters
will have an impact on his pensionable earnings.
[6] There are four CO positions assigned to Control at the HWDC. Control is staffed
only with COs on 12-hour shifts. Of course, there is no opportunity for contact
with inmates while a CO is working within Control. A CO at the HWDC can
access Control and a washroom without having the opportunity for contact with
inmates. There is a potential opportunity for contact with inmates if the CO was
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to leave Control and go to areas within the secure part of the HWDC, such as of
the staff lunchroom and gym, because of inmate movement within the institution.
Inmates, under the supervision of COs, move to and from their living units for a
variety of reasons. An example is the movement of an inmate from a living unit
to the Admitting & Discharge area for the purpose of being transported to a Court
and the return of the inmate to the living unit later in the day. The Union takes
the position that the opportunity for Mr. Maude to have contact with inmates if he
left Control can be eliminated or virtually eliminated by restricting his movement
to times when inmates are under lockdown (restricted to their cells). Inmates are
locked down between 11:30 a.m. and 1:00 p.m. for lunch and between 4:00 p.m.
and 6:00 p.m. for dinner. Inmates are also in lockdown at night.
[7] There are currently no vacant positions in Control. A number of COs that work in
Control are there on an accommodation. COs with a medical restriction of no or
minimal inmate contact are often placed in Control.
[8] One of the tasks of the CO in Control is to man an electronically operated
security control system consisting of items such as a control console, a closed
circuit T.V. system (cameras and monitors) and video tape recorders. It is with
this system that the CO controls security doors and therefore controls the
movement of inmates and staff throughout the institution. Inmate movement
within in HWDC is always supervised by a CO. The CO in Control performs
general monitoring functions primarily for the purpose of ensuring the safety of
staff and inmates.
[9] As noted previously, the Union’s alternative position is that Mr. Maude should be
assigned to the Front Door post. This post is located outside the secure part of
the institution and is very close to the Reception area where Mr. Maude now
works. Since the parties focused on whether the position in Control was a
substantially equivalent position, I was not provided with much information about
the Front Door post. I will comment more about this later.
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[10] I will refer to some of the submissions made by counsel during the course of
providing my reasons. I note at this point that counsel referred me to the
following decisions: Travers and Ministry of Correctional Services (1981), GSB
Nos. 213/78 and 79/79 (Swinton); OPSEU (Van’t Hullenaar) and Ministry of
Correctional Services (1982), GSB No. 555/81 (Jolliffe); OPSEU (Thibert, McGill
and Jung) and Ministry of Correctional Services (1985), GSB No. 556/81 (Verity);
Ontario (Min. of Correctional Services) v. OPSEU, 57 O.R. (2d) 641 (Ont. Div.
Ct.); OPSEU (Gaston) and Ministry of Correctional Services (1988), GSB No.
117/83 (Jolliffe); and, OPSEU (Sindall/Talbot) and Ministry of the Solicitor
General & Correctional Services (1997), GSB Nos. 164/96 et al. (Gray).
[11] I will review the above decisions in some detail for essentially two reasons. The
issues that can arise in a case like this have not been addressed in a decision for
quite some time and it will be useful to explore the governing principles. As well,
a review of the decisions which address what constitutes a substantially
equivalent position and the effect of the restrictions set out in section 7 of CECBA
will provide the context for appreciating the submissions of counsel.
[12] The Travers decision was decided in 1981 and appears to be the first decision to
grapple with the relevant issues. While working as a CO2 at the Niagara
Detention Centre (“Niagara”) in Thorold, Travers assaulted an inmate and was
discharged. The Board found that Travers had used excessive force on the
inmate and exercised its general power under what was then was s. 18(3) of the
CECBA to substitute a penalty that it considered “just and reasonable in all the
circumstances.” In accordance with s. 18(3a) of the CECBA, the Board ordered
that Travers be reinstated to a substantially equivalent position in the Ministry
that he was qualified to fill. The provisions of ss. 18(3a) and (3b) are essentially
those now found within ss. 7(4), (5) and (6) of the CECBA.
[13] The Ministry had offered Travers a Clerk 3 General position at the Mimico
Correctional Centre in Toronto, which was about 103 miles from his home in
Ridgeway. Travers did not report to work at that facility and the parties
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attempted to negotiate the issue of a substantially equivalent position, without
success.
[14] At the hearing, evidence was led about relevant vacancies. The union indicated
that Travers could fill any of the following three vacant positions: Records Clerk
(Clerk 3 General) at Niagara and Clerk 2 General and Records Clerk (Clerk 3
General) at the HWDC. Evidence was led about inmate contact with respect to
the vacant Records Clerk position at Niagara. The Ministry agreed that Travers
could fill the Clerk 3 General position at the HWDC since the position was vacant
and involved no inmate contact. Travers indicated that he was willing to fill this
position if his salary was protected.
[15] Evidence was also led about redesigning a CO’s job for Travers. COs at Niagara
normally rotated through a series of jobs, one of the jobs being the Control
Module Operator. The CO occupying this position controls “security grills,
controls inmate movement, and maintains key security.” There was evidence
that “the Control Module Operator on the night shift would have no inmate
contact, except in passing through corridors to and from his station on breaks or
at the beginning and end of the shift.”
[16] The union argued that Travers should be reinstated to a position in Control at
Niagara so that he could maintain his CO2 classification. In the alternative, it
argued that he be given the Clerk 3 General position, preferably at Niagara, but
possibly at the HWDC, as long as his salary is permanently linked to the CO2
classification. The employer argued that it had no obligation to create a position
for Travers, that he was entitled only to a vacant substantially equivalent position,
with his pay tied to that job.
[17] The relevant factors the GSB considered and how it weighed them in Travers are
worth reviewing in some detail. In the following paragraphs beginning at p. 6, the
Board comments on the impact of s. 18(3a) on its general power to provide a
remedy:
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Having considered the evidence, we must consider the meaning of
s. 18(3a), quoted earlier. A range of issues are raised by the
provision, such as the right to “bump” into a position which is not
vacant, the relevance of geographical location, and the obligation of
the employer to make reasonable accommodation for the grievor by
refashioning a job. This award will be by no means exhaustive as
to the parties’ obligations and rights under s. 18(3a), nor should it
be, as the application of the subsection must vary with the facts of
each case. All that we can hope to do is to elaborate some
guidelines which may assist in the resolution of other cases in
which s. 18(3a) has been or will be invoked.
One purpose of s. 18(3a) is clear – it is designed to restrict the
Grievance Settlement Board’s broad discretion in s. 18(3a) to
substitute for dismissal a penalty which it considers “just and
reasonable” in the circumstances. In cases where excessive force
has been used against a “resident”, that discretion can no longer be
invoked to return the employee to a position with resident contact.
The legislation seems to indicate that there is a concern that the
conduct might be repeated and residents should be protected from
such risk, however slight. As well, the legislation may be thought to
provide some deterrent to such conduct on the part of other
employees because of the gravity of the bar from the previous
duties.
While s. 18(3a) limits the Board’s discretion, it should not be
regarded as changing the nature of the Board’s task in applying s.
18(3a). The Board must still consider whether the penalty is just
and reasonable in the circumstances… However, there is no
reason to ignore the existing jurisprudence with regard to penalty
because of s. 18(3a). So far as possible that section should not
create a disproportionate penalty because of the particular Ministry
in which an incident occurred nor the timing of the disciplinary
incident.
[18] After setting out the submissions of counsel, the Board considered the union’s
request to have Travers placed in a position in Control as follows:
There can be no doubt that a Correctional Officer’s job without
inmate contact would be the ideal job to fit the requirement of a
substantially equivalent position. Unfortunately, there is no such
job normally existing in that classification, for the main job function
is custodial. It would only be possible to reinstate the grievor in a
Correctional Officer classification if a job could be designed to
remove him from contact with and responsibility for inmates. It was
suggested that a permanent assignment to the Control Module
Operator’s job would meet these criteria. There are several
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problems with this suggestion, however. First, the Control Module
Operator’s job does not seem to fit the requirements of s. 18(3a).
This is not just because the grievor might have to pass inmates in
the hall. Surely, the bar on contact in s. 18(3a) must be subject to a
de minimis reading – that is, isolate and infrequent contacts may
not be barred. The concern would seem to be contact which might
lead to further confrontation. Here, there might be some concern,
as there would be regular passage through the secure part of the
institution. This seems to create a problem, although at night the
inmates would be locked up. In addition the Control Module
Operator has the direct responsibility for inmate movement,
controlling the security grills, and s.18(3a) prohibits such
responsibility for inmates.
More importantly, we are not prepared to reinstate the grievor to
such a job because it would require the employer to fashion a new
position for the grievor…the grievor has a weak claim to
accommodation. He has been guilty of serious misconduct, and he
has a relatively short period of seniority (just short of two years at
discharge). Furthermore, he has already shown misjudgment in
relation to the operation of the module, as the reasons in the first
award in this case indicate. Finally, on the evidence, it would not
seem wise to order the kind of accommodation here. It is rare to
keep one person assigned to the Control Module Operator’s job,
except temporarily for health reasons, and evidence was given that
it is important to have all officers familiar with the Module
Operator’s job. Therefore, the Module Operator’s job is not one for
which the grievor would be eligible under s. 18(3a).
[19] The Board then considered the other possible jobs available for Travers and
wrote as follows beginning at p. 10:
In considering the other jobs available, which are all Clerk 3
General jobs (at Mimico, Niagara and Hamilton-Wentworth),
several problems arise. Section 18(3a) states that the grievor
should receive a “substantially” equivalent job, rather than one
“exactly” equivalent. In search for factors of equivalence between
jobs, several arise as possibilities: pay level, job content,
geographic location, and level of skill and responsibility. In this
particular case, the Union stressed the importance of preserving
pay level and geographic location. In the particular circumstances,
this is understandable. Content is a problem here, as it would
seem to be impossible to find a job with the content similar to that
of a Correctional Officer but without inmate contact. That may not
be the case where this section is applied in other Ministries.
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The Board then dealt with the factor of geographical location, which is not a
relevant consideration in our case. The Board decided that the job at Mimico
was not a substantially equivalent position because of the distance between
Traver’s home and Mimico, and “the need for tailoring the section to fit each
individual’s circumstances.” It then considered the other two positions.
This brings the jobs open for consideration to two: the Clerk 3
General jobs at Niagara and Hamilton-Wentworth. The first is filled
by another employee at this time, but Mr. Goudge argued that the
grievor should have the right to bump into that position. It may be
that in some cases, the grievor must be given a right to a job that is
not vacant, in order that the legislation will not make reinstatement
meaningless or unduly onerous. However in this case, bumping
should not be considered. The grievor has been guilty of serious
misconduct, and it would seem unfair to allow him to bump an
innocent employee, particularly in light of his relatively short period
of seniority and the availability of a similar job at Hamilton.
The final question is whether the Clerk 3 General at Hamilton can
be regarded as “substantially equivalent” if the grievor is paid
according to the pay scale for that job….
Level of pay is an important factor to consider in assessing
substantially equivalent positions. From the employee’s point of
view, it is probably the most important factor. Comparing the two
levels of pay here, there is a substantial divergence in pay. Should
the employee be reinstated to a Clerk 3 General position with the
salary usually paid for that job, the result would be a burdensome
one and, unlike the usual penalty for disciplinary action, it could be
characterized as an ongoing one.
…the words of s. 18(3a), when read with s. 18(3), give the Board a
broad discretion to shape a remedy to meet the circumstances of
each case so as to reach a just and reasonable result within the
obvious restrictions imposed by s. 18(3a). Pay level is relevant to a
determination of “substantial equivalence”, and protection of pay
level may be important to deciding whether that criterion is met and
whether the penalty is “just and reasonable”.
However, in deciding whether to ensure that the grievor maintains
the salary of his previous jobs (with associated increments) for the
rest of his time in the substantially equivalent position, there are
considerations beyond those pertaining to the personal concerns of
the grievor discussed above. In this particular case, the two
salaries are less divergent if considered on the same hours of work
basis – e.g. 36¼ hours….Furthermore, it is relevant to consider that
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a proportion of the Correctional Officer 2 salary reflects a premium
paid for dangerous work (similar to the $1,000 premium paid to
other Ministry employees with inmate contact). A person acting as
a Clerk 3 General is not subject to hazardous conditions. As well,
part of the higher salary may reflect the rotating shift aspect of the
Correctional Officer 2 job. Finally, one has to consider the general
labour relations impact of paying one employee on a basis totally
different from others doing the same job, particularly an employee
who has been guilty of serious misconduct. No doubt this would
cause some discontent among employees.
[20] After considering these various matters, the Board decided as follows:
In weighing these considerations, we have reached a compromise
position in this case. The grievor should be reinstated to the
position of Clerk 3 General at Hamilton-Wentworth Detention
Centre at the rate of pay for a Correctional Officer 2 of his
experience in May, 1980, and he should maintain that rate of pay
until the maximum pay level for the Clerk 3 General reaches it.
From that period, he should be paid as a Clerk 3 General. Such a
decision places the grievor in a substantially equivalent position at
the date of reinstatement. Although the job content of his former
and new jobs differs, this cannot be avoided. He is guaranteed his
previous salary as of the date of reinstatement.
While the effect of this decision is to leave the grievor with ongoing
effects from his misconduct, and, therefore, with a very heavy
penalty, that result seems consistent with the requirements of ss.
18(3) and 18(3a), the labour relations considerations above, and
the facts in this particular case. The essence of the award is that
Mr. Travers should be given a second chance. It may be that an
employee with longer seniority or faced with different circumstances
should be treated differently…
[21] The Van’t Hullenaar decision deals with the merits of the discharge of a CO from
the HWDC for offences that included the excessive use of force on inmates. The
Board found it appropriate to modify the penalty of discharge and noted that it
could not reinstate him to a position which involved direct responsibility for or
contact with inmates. Starting at p. 32 the Board wrote as follows:
…Our decision is that the grievor should be again employed in a
suitable position with the Ministry of Correctional Services or
another Ministry, provided that the rate of pay for such position
need not be the equivalent of the grievor’s salary in 1991, but shall
not be more than $1,000 per annum less than the minimum rate of
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a CO3. In adding that proviso, we take notice of the fact mentioned
in the second decision in Travers, supra, at page 13, that a
Correctional Officer’s rate “reflects a premium paid for dangerous
work”.
…
It is considered that a period of two months is more than adequate
to find a suitable position in which the grievor can be re-employed.
We retain jurisdiction in the event of failure and would be prepared,
on the application of either party, to hear representations in respect
of the options available. This was the course followed in Travers,
supra, where the Board rendered a second and binding decision. It
is hoped that this will not be necessary in this case.
[22] In the Thibert, McGill and Jung decision, the Board found that each grievor had
used excessive force against an inmate at the Lindsay Jail and ordered that they
be reinstated to a “substantially equivalent position” within the Ministry. The
employer reinstated the three grievors to Security Officer (“SO”) positions at the
Millbrook Correctional Centre. The matter came before the Board to resolve
what was described as “numerous complex principles of compensation”. The
only relevant matter for our purposes is the way the Board dealt with the union’s
claim that the SO position was not substantially equivalent to the CO position
because of the lower rate of pay for the SO. The union requested that the
grievors be red-circled at the CO rate in line with the rationale in Travers, supra.
Counsel for the employer argued that the Board did not have the jurisdiction to
grant the union’s request because the “classification of employees is an
exclusive management function as contained in Section 18 of the Crown
Employees Collective Bargaining Act, and that wage rates applicable to the
Security Officer position flow from the creation and classification of that position”
and further “that a substantially equivalent position contemplates an existing
position within the context of the Collective Agreement, and that the Board had
no jurisdiction to create, in effect, a new position which was not contemplated by
either the Collective Agreement or the Act.” The Board concisely dealt with this
submission at p. 10 as follows:
…the Board is satisfied that we have jurisdiction to fashion a
remedy under the broad remedial authority given to us under
Sections 19(3) and 19(4)(a) which can met the test of substantial
equivalency. In our opinion, the rationale of Vice-Chairman
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Swinton in the Travers decision is a reasonable and flexible
approach to accomplish that objective.
After noting that the level of pay is the single most important factor in determining
substantial equivalency and after concluding that the SO pay rates were not
substantially equivalent to CO rates, the Board determined that “the device of
red-circling the Grievor’s salary is a necessary and proper adjustment to enable
the Security Officer position to be substantially equivalent to that of a
Correctional Officer.”
[23] The employer applied for judicial review of the above decision. It took issue with
six determinations made by Board. One of the determinations the employer took
issue with was the decision to red-circle the grievor’s salary. In finding that the
decision of the Board on this issue was not unreasonable, the Divisional Court
wrote as follows:
21. Having reinstated the grievors in accordance with s. 19(4), a
question remained whether the position of Security Officer selected
by the Ministry was “substantially equivalent”. The Board was not
purporting to alter wages within a classification when it required the
applicant to pay the grievors at the higher rate mentioned. On the
contrary, it was a decision made in an effort to give effect to
substantial equivalence. In my opinion it was a decision within the
Board’s jurisdiction and one that cannot be said to be patently
unreasonable.
[24] In the Gaston decision, the Board ordered the reinstatement of Gaston to a
“substantially equivalent position”, with effect from June 1, 1986. Gaston had
served as a probationary CO1 at the Toronto East Detention Centre from June
21, 1982 to January 12, 1983, when he was discharged. In the normal course he
would have become a CO2 on June 21, 1983, after one year of employment.
The employer reinstated Gaston to a Security Officer 2 position at the Toronto
East Detention Centre with the salary of a CO1, and with seniority effective from
June 1, 1986. The employer had therefore red-circled Gaston at the CO1 rate of
pay and treated his probationary period of 12 months as having started from
June 1, 1986, his reinstatement date, without consideration of the months he had
been on probation prior to his termination. The SO2 duties performed by Gaston
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included the monitoring of inmates in certain locations when he worked in
Control. The duties he performed in Control were the same duties performed by
a CO2 when a CO2 was in Control.
[25] The Board had to resolve a number of issues. It first addressed the question of
whether its direction was correctly implemented when Gaston was reinstated as
of June 1, 1986, to the SO2 position. I think it is safe to presume that the Board
had to deal with this issue because the union had requested that Gaston be
returned to a CO position. The Board noted that it was impossible to reinstate
Gaston to a CO1 position since the duties of a CO involve daily contact with
inmates. Recognizing that an SO2 did not have contact with inmates and that an
important part of an SO2’s duties in Control was the monitoring of inmates by
remote control, the Board found no fault with the employer’s decision to reinstate
him to the SO position. The Board noted that the employer had made a serious
effort to comply with the Board’s direction.
[26] The Board also found, in effect, that starting Gaston on a one year probationary
period as of his reinstatement date of June 1, 1986, and paying him for a year at
the CO1 rate from that date did not amount to substantially equivalent treatment,
essentially because it did not take into account his previous 6 months of
probationary employment as a CO1 and because while in Control he performed
the same duties as CO2 employees. The Board determined that Gaston should
only have been on probation and paid at the CO1 rate for about 6 months after
his reinstatement. It concluded that his probationary period ended on December
31, 1986, and that as of January 1, 1987, his pay should be calculated at the
minimum CO2 level, and at the appropriate CO2 levels thereafter. The Board
determined that the red-circling of Gaston at the CO1 rate did not amount to
substantial equivalency in circumstances where he was performing the same
work that CO2s performed in Control. Noting that the circumstances in Gaston
were different than those in Travers, the Board found that Gaston was entitled to
a rate of pay that corresponded to the duties he performed.
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[27] In the Sindall/Talbot decision, the Board directed the employer to reinstate the
grievors “in positions and at duties which are substantially equivalent save as to
direct responsibility for and opportunity for contact with inmates”, and it remained
seized of implementation issues. The Board made the following comments at p.
32:
The parties made no submissions about the meaning of “another
substantially equivalent position”. In particular, there was no
argument about whether my power to provide for the employment
of the grievors in another substantially equivalent position is limited
by the present availability of such a position. It is not at all obvious
that it is. Like the issue of quantum of compensation payable and
other issues of implementation, however, this is an issue with which
I remain seised and will address only if the parties are unable to
resolve it themselves.
[28] The first issue that requires resolution in the instant case is whether the
Receptionist position is a substantially equivalent position for Mr. Maude given
that he had been a CO prior to the termination of his employment. As noted by
the Board in Travers, the ideal choice for substantial equivalency would be a CO
position that would not run afoul of the restrictions in section 7(4) of CECBA, but
that such a position would be rare since the main job function of a CO is
custodial. In this instance, the Employer assigned Mr. Maude to the Receptionist
position because it was vacant and in its view it complied with the dictates of
section 7(4) of CECBA. In an effort to make the Receptionist position
substantially equivalent in line with the compromise approach adopted in
Travers, the Employer red-circled Mr. Maude’s pay at the CO rate.
[29] The Board in Travers identified pay level, job content, geographic location and
the level of skill and responsibility as factors for assessing equivalence. When
using these factors to compare the Receptionist and CO positions it is quite
apparent that the Receptionist position is not substantially equivalent. As noted
previously, the administrative duties performed by the Receptionist are very
different from the custodial duties performed by a CO. The level of skill and
responsibility of the two positions are also very different as reflected by the
higher hourly rate attached to the CO position in the Collective Agreement. In
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the hierarchy of positions with the HWDC, the CO position has a higher status
than the Receptionist position. Although the Employer has addressed the issue
of level of pay, I agree with the Union’s submission that the financial
consequences for Mr. Maude, even with the red-circling of the Receptionist
position at the CO rate, will still have an impact on his earnings. Not only will he
not receive the usual CO negotiated increases, but he will be deprived of
overtime opportunities and the consequent loss of earnings. On a consideration
of these factors, therefore, I am compelled to the conclusion that the Receptionist
position is not substantially equivalent to Mr. Maude’s former CO position.
[30] The Employer took the position that the only option that I had if I determined that
the Receptionist position was not a substantially equivalent position is to remit
the matter back to the Employer to find a position for Mr. Maude that was
substantially equivalent. Counsel for the Employer argued that I did not have the
jurisdiction to do anything else, including determine whether the two positions the
Union selected for Mr. Maude were substantially equivalent positions. The Union
disagreed with this position and so do I.
[31] An arbitrator is generally provided with broad powers to provide an appropriate
remedy for a violation of the Collective Agreement. In discipline matters where
the Collective Agreement does not provide for a specific penalty, the arbitrator
may substitute a different penalty if it seems just and reasonable to do so in all
the circumstances. As highlighted previously, section 7(4) of CECBA provides
that the GSB may provide for the employment of the employee in another
substantially equivalent position when substituting a penalty. In my view, this
section and its general powers to grant remedies gives the GSB the authority to
determine whether alternative positions are substantially equivalent and to direct
the Employer to assign the employee to one of these alternative positions if there
is a dispute about whether the Employer’s initial selection of a position was
appropriate. Following my direction to the Employer to place Mr. Maude in a
substantially equivalent position, I anticipated that the Employer and the Union
would engage in a process that would hopefully result in the placement of Mr.
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Maude in an appropriate position. When a dispute arose about the Employer’s
decision to assign Mr. Maude to the Receptionist position, the Union offered two
other positions at the hearing which it believes are substantially equivalent to his
former CO position. This was the process that was followed in Travers where the
union proposed certain positions that it believed were substantially equivalent
positions, as opposed to the position offered by the employer, and Board
reviewed all of them and selected a position for Travers that was substantially
equivalent. This was also the process contemplated by the Board in Van’t
Hullenaar when it reinstated the grievor and indicated that it would retain
jurisdiction “to hear representations in respect of the options available” if a
dispute arose over the position assigned to Van’t Hullenaar. There was no
suggestion in these cases that the Board did not have the jurisdiction to proceed
in this fashion. This manner of proceeding has the advantage of being the most
efficient way to resolve a dispute about whether certain positions are
substantially equivalent and whether they comply with the restrictions in section
7(4) of CECBA.
[32] I turn now to a consideration of Union’s primary position, namely that I should
direct the Employer to assign Mr. Maude to a CO position in Control. Counsel for
the Employer argued that, apart from the restrictions in section 7(4) of CECBA,
there are factors that should cause me to exercise my discretion in favour of not
assigning Mr. Maude to Control. Counsel submitted that there are no vacancies
in Control and that some of the COs at that post are on an accommodation. He
argued that placing Mr. Maude in Control would result in an employee being
bumped from Control and have the effect of limiting the number of positions the
Employer would have for accommodation purposes. Counsel submitted that a
position should not be fashioned for Mr. Maude and that, given that nature of his
misconduct, he should not be put in a position where he would be monitoring
inmates and staff. In addition to these considerations, the Employer also argued
that Mr. Maude is not eligible for a position in Control given the restrictions in
section 7(4) of CECBA.
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[33] Whether the factors identified by the Employer would or would not affect my
decision about the appropriateness of assigning Mr. Maude to Control, they are
irrelevant if I am precluded from directing the Employer to make such an
assignment because the position provides an opportunity for contact with
inmates or involves direct responsibility for inmates. The Union’s position that a
CO position in Control with some limitation on when Mr. Maude could enter the
other secure areas of the HWDC may sufficiently address the issue of his having
the opportunity for contact with inmates. However, the more problematic issue in
my view is whether the CO position in Control involves direct responsibility for
inmates.
[34] As noted previously, the Union in Travers had argued unsuccessfully that
Travers should be reinstated to a position in Control, a position which controls
security grilles and controls inmate movement. As counsel for the Union noted,
the Board came to this conclusion primarily because it was not prepared to
require the employer to fashion a new job for Travers. However, the Board also
expressed the view that reinstating Travers to a position in Control was
problematic because he would have direct responsibility for inmate movement
and that the CECBA prohibited him from having such a responsibility. Union
counsel argued that the subsequent cases have moved away from this concern
and in support for this position he relied on the Thibert, McGill and Jung decision
and, in particular, the Gaston decision. He submitted that the Thibert, McGill and
Jung decision implicitly and the Gaston decision explicitly found that being
engaged in the monitoring functions in Control do not fall within the restriction of
no direct responsibility for inmates. In my view, these decisions do not find that
the monitoring functions and the control of inmate movement performed by an
employee in Control did not run counter to the restriction of no direct
responsibility for inmates. In each of these cases, the employer reinstated the
employees to the SO position which performed the usual monitoring duties in
Control. As one would expect, the union was content to the reinstatement of the
employee to a position in Control and the only issue in these two cases
concerned the pay the employees should have received in order to meet the test
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of substantial equivalency. The issue of whether the duties of the Control position
involved the direct responsibility of inmates was not an issue in either of these
cases and the conclusions reached in these decisions, particularly in the Gaston
decision, did not decide that the monitoring of inmates by an employee in Control
was not problematic in light of the restrictions in section 7(4) of CECBA.
[35] If Mr. Maude was reinstated to a position in Control at the HWDC, his duties
would include the control of grille doors for the purpose of controlling inmate
movement. He would also have the general obligation to monitor inmates and
staff and to report on conduct in contravention of standing orders and Ministry
policy. I agree with observation of the Board in Travers that the performance of
such duties in Control is evidence that the employee has a direct responsibility
for inmates. Irrespective of my view as to whether it would be otherwise
appropriate in these circumstances to direct the reinstatement of Mr. Maude to a
position in Control, I simply do not have the authority to do so given the
restriction on my general power to substitute a different penalty contained in
section 7(4) of CECBA.
[36] The final issue concerns the Union’s alternative position that I should direct the
Employer to assign Mr. Maude to the Front Door post. Although I was provided
with some information about this post, such as the Union’s view that the position
does not involve inmate contact, I was not provided with a complete factual
picture about this post. For example, I was not provided with the duties of the
CO that occupies the position. Although I concluded previously that I did have
the jurisdiction to direct the Employer to assign Mr. Maude to an appropriate
position, I can only do so if I am aware of the relevant facts about the position.
Accordingly, I find that I am left with no alternative but to refer the issue of
whether the Front Door post is an appropriate post for Mr. Maude back to the
parties and to remain seized of the issue if the parties are unable to resolve it
themselves. It was my impression that prior to the hearing the Employer had not
previously considered the Front Door post for Mr. Maude. Counsel for the
Employer indicated that the Employer would take a look at whether Mr. Maude
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could be assigned to this post if I determined that the Receptionist position was
not substantially equivalent. The Employer will now have that opportunity. If
there is no opportunity for inmate contact and no direct responsibility for inmates,
the Front Door post may very well satisfy the test of substantial equivalence and
Mr. Maude could be placed in the position to perform CO duties and to be paid at
the CO rate without red-circling in line with the approach taken by the Board in
the Gaston decision.
[37] In summary, for the foregoing reasons, I have determined that:
1. The Receptionist position is not a substantially equivalent position
for Mr. Maude.
2. I do not have the authority to direct the Employer to assign Mr.
Maude to a position in Control since the position involves direct
responsibility for inmates.
3. The issue of whether the Front Door post is a substantially
equivalent position for Mr. Maude is referred back to the parties for
consideration. I will remain seized of this matter if the parties are
unable to resolve it themselves.
Dated at Toronto, Ontario this 4th day of January 2017.
Ken Petryshen, Vice Chair