HomeMy WebLinkAbout1992-1290.Chamaillard.93-09-21
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.i - ONTARIO EMPLOYES DE LA COURONNE
CROWN EMPLOYEES DEL 'ONTARIO
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1290/92
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
OPSEU (Chamaillard)
Grievor
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of the Attorney General)
Employer
BEFORE: W Kaplan vice-Chairperson
w Rannachan Member
F Collict Member
FOR THE K Whitaker
UNION Counsel
Ryder, Whitaker, Wright & Chapman
Barristers & Solicitors
FOR THE M Fleishman
EMPLOYER Counsel
Crown Law Office civil
Ministry of the Attorney General
HEARING July 27, 1993
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Introduction
By a grievance dated June 30, 1992, Nina Chamaillard grieves that she was
dismissed without just cause from her position as a court reporter with the
Ministry of the Attorney General at the Frontenac County Courthouse The
grievance proceeded to a hearing in Toronto, at which time the employer
raised a preliminary objection It was agreed by the parties that before
hearing the merits of the case, the Board should decide the preliminary
matter in dispute
Before turning to the submissions of counsel, it is helpful to bnefly outline
some of the facts The gnevor began work for the MInistry on August 21,
1990 She was classified at the OAG 6 level, and held the position of
Freelance Court Reporter The grievor was dismissed from that position by
letter dated June 15, 1992 The letter, which was introduced into evidence,
reads as follows.
This letter is to advise you that effective today, your
court reporting services are no longer required by the
Ministry of the Attorney General in the county of
Frontenac
Due to other commitments resulting from a recent
dispute settlement, regular court reporting work is no
longer available to you
Notwithstanding this and more significantly, in the Breen
et al hearing on June 1 Oth1992, you testified under oath
that you removed documents from court files and
provided them to a third party for use unrelated to your
business or to the business of the Ministry As you
yourself acknowledged, this is highly improper Had you
been a civil servant, you would be facing severe
disciplmary sanctions not excluding dismissal for what &
--
)
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must be considered a serious breach of office secrecy
and the unauthorized removal of court documents.
The Employer's Obiection
In brief, it was the employer's position that the grievor was not an
"employee" within the meaning of section 1 (1 )(f) of the Crown Employees
Collective Bargaining Act, (hereafter "the Act"), and she had no right to
grieve her "dismissal" before the Board Accordingly, in the employer's
view, the Board had no jurisdiction with respect to it. Moreover, the
employer also took the position that the question of the grievor's
employment status should be determined by the Ontario Public Service
Labour Relations Tribunal (hereafter "the Tribunal"), and that it was the
Board's practice in cases of this kind to refer these matters to the Tribunal
for determination
Employer Argument
Employer counsel began his submissions by referring to section 40 of the
Act. It provides:
(1) If, in the course of bargaining for a collective
agreement or during the period of operation of a
collective agreement, a question arises as to whether a
person is an employee, the question may be referred to
the Tribunal and its decision thereon is final and binding
for all purposes
(2) If, in the course of bargaining for a collective
agreement or during proceedings before a board of
arbitration, a question arises as to whether a matter
comes within the scope of collective bargaining under
this Act, either party or the board of arbitration may
refer the question to the Tribunal and its decision
thereon is final and binding for all purposes
4
Employer counsel argued that both parts of this provision were directly
applicable to the instant case, and he reviewed a number of authorities in
support of this position beginning with a decision of the Divisional Court.
In Her Maiesty the Queen in Right of Ontario v. OPSEU (Canning et al.)
(1986), 14 O.A C.233, the Court reviewed a Board decIsion reclassifying
some employees from the bargaining unit to management ranks In the
course of its reasons for decision, the Court made the following
observations
In the Ontario Public Service, there is a distinction
between bargaining unit employees and non-bargaining
unit employees The distinction is sometimes referred
to as a question of status. An unresolved dispute with
respect to the status of a particular employee is
determined by the Labour Relations Tnbunal established
under the Act. Status is separate and apart from
classification The board has jurisdiction to consider
job classification but not status (at 234, emphasis not
ours)
Employer counsel argued that the Board in the instant case should defer the
question of status to the Tribunal and observed that the Union had, In
Cannings et aI., adopted thiS approach
The union submitted that the issue before the board
concerned classification alone, which was the only
jurisdiction it had in the matter The issue of status,
that is whether the employee comes within the
bargaining unit or not, was not before the board and was
not within its jurisdiction (at 235)
Employer counsel also referred to Union Grievance 1257/86 (Barrett),
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where the employer raised a preliminary objection not unlike that raised in
the instant case, namely, that the Collective Agreement did not apply
because the jobs in dispute were not performed by "employees" within the
definition of that term in the Act, and that the question of whether a person
was or was not an employee should be determined by the Tribunal. In the
course of its reasons for decision, the Board in Union Grievance reviewed a
number of authorities including the Canning et al. decision, and another
award of the Board, Lasani 147/84 (Delisle)
In Lasani, the Board relied on the Canning et al. award, and held that
" while one could argue that we might have the authority to decide this
issue, see Re. C.I.L. and Allied [1972] 3 0 R. 63 (C.A.), such a matter should
be reserved for the Labour Relations Tribunal" (at 1) The Board in Union
Grievance concluded
We agree that the Grievance Settlement Board does have
concurrent jurisdiction with the Tribunal to determine
the Issue of status if it arises within the framework of a
grievance properly before it. However, the only real
issue before us is the status of the jobs in question The
resolution of this grievance depends entirely on that
finding It is a necessary corollary of that finding that if
the Jobs are properly within thiS bargaining unit they
should have been posted. By grieving the absence of
posting the Union is doing no more than raising the issue
of status of those jobs There IS no individual grievance
here, just a complaint that the jobs are really bargaining
unit positions and therefore should have been posted
When looking at the Crown Employees Collective
Bargaining Act as a whole one has to assume that the
framers of the legislation contemplated that questions
of employee status would arise frequently, and
accordingly a specialized Tribunal should be established
to deal with that issue on an on-going basis
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Because we have found that the status of these jobs is
really the only issue in dispute in this grievance, we
believe it should be referred to the Tribunal pursuant to
section 40(2) of the Act, and we do so (at 7)
! Employer counsel urged the Board to make the same order in the instant
,
case, and also referred to the Coones 2311/90 (Stewart) award in support
of this submission
In Coones the union grieved the failure of the employer to deduct and remit
union dues for certain employees. The employer objected to the Board's
jurisdiction to hear the grievance, and took the position that the grievance
raised the issue of status and that this issue was within the exclusive
jurisdiction of the Tribunal The Board held
We agree with Mr Steinberg that the Gnevance
Settlement Board has concurrent jurisdiction with the
Tribunal in connection with the matter raised in this
grievance It is our view that the decision in Canadian
Industries Limited, dealing with similar statutory
language in a sImilar context, supports this conclusion
The particular issue of the jurisdiction of the Tribunal in
relation to the jurisdiction of the Grievance Settlement
Board to determine an issue of status as it arises in this
case Was not directly before the Divisional Court for
determination in the Canning case The Canadian
Industries Limited decision was not addressed in
Canning We do not view the comments of the Court,
reproduced above, dealing with the determination of the
issue of status, as determinative of the issue of
jurisdiction to deal with issues of status arising under
the Crown Employees Collective Bargaining Act.
However, notwithstanding our conclusion that the
Grievance Settlement Board has jurisdiction to
determine the issue of status in the context of this 8,
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gnevance, it is our view that it is appropriate that the
matter be referred to the Tribunal for a determination of
the issue of status. While there may be other issues in
connection with this grievance, it appears that a
determination of whether the maintenance fore person
positions are managerial positions will resolve the
dispute between the parties with respect to this aspect
of the grievance Such a determination may not resolve
the entire dispute between the parties with respect to
senior security officers, however it will clearly narrow
that dispute
The referral of such matters to the Tribunal is In
accordance with the practice of the Grievance
Settlement Board, as indicated in the decisions referred
to above Ther~ are sound policy reasons for maintaining
a consistent approach to such matters. As this Board has
stated on many occaSions, an established approach ought
to be departed from only for the most compelling
reasons Mr Steinberg referred to the delay in the
resolution of the dispute that would result from the
referral of this matter to the Tnbunal by the Board
While any delay is unfortunate in labour relations
matters, it is our view that there would be a greater
undesirable effect arising from the uncertainty that
would be created if the Board departed from its
established practice in this instance The Issue before
us was canvassed at some length by this Board by
Vice-Chairperson Barrett in rUnion Grievance 1 Mr
Steinberg argued that this decision does not specifically
address the decision of the Court of Appeal in the C.I.L.
case We cannot agree with this submission At p 6 of
the Barrett decision the C.I.L. decision IS referred to and
it IS apparent that it is relied upon in support of the
conclusion on p 7 that the Grievance Settlement Board
has jurisdiction to determine the issue of status If it
arises in a grievance properly before It. In that case,
however, after concluding that the essence of the issue
in dispute was one of status, the Board decided that the
matter ought to be referred to the Tribunal That
decision suggests that section 40( 1) reflects the view of
the Legislature that the Tribunal is a specialized body to
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deal with issues of status and accordingly, it is
preferable that matters of status be decided by the
Tribunal Notwithstanding Mr Steinberg's submission to
the contrary, it is our view that this is a reasonable
inference (at 9-11)
Accordingly, the Board in Coones referred the matter of the status of the
positions to the Tnbunal
Employer counsel did not take Issue with the Board's finding In Coones that
it had concurrent jurisdiction to consider status with the Tribunal, and
could exercise that jurisdiction where the issue of status arose in a
grievance properly before it. Counsel pointed out that the cases were clear
that where the only issue before the Board was status, then that
determination should be made by the Tribunal Moreover, counsel also
argued that where the determination of status could effectively deCide the
matter in dispute, that determination should also be made by the Tribunal.
Counsel took the position that Coones was an authority directly on point. In
the instant case, counsel noted, if the Tribunal determined that the grievor
was not an employee, her grievance would be effectively dismissed, thereby
bringing all proceedings to an end Accordingly, counsel asked the Board to
uphold the employer's preliminary objection and refer the gnevor's status
to the Tribunal for determination
Union Argument
Union counsel made a number of arguments in support of his position that
the Board should take jurisdiction with respect to this case Counsel
I pointed out at the outset that it was extremely noteworthy that the
employer was requesting the Board to refer the matter to the Tribunal but
that it had not made its own application to the Tribunal requesting it to "
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hear and decide the grievor's status, although it was entitled to do so
Counsel began his legal submissions by pointing out that the Board's
jurisdiction is set out in section 19(1) of the Act, which provides
Every collective agreement shall be deemed to provide
that in the event the parties are unable to effect a
settlement of their differences between them arising
from the interpretation, application, administration or
alleged contravention of the agreement, including any
question as to whether a matter is arbitrable, such
matter may be referred for arbitration to the Grievance
Settlement Board and the Board after giving full
opportunity to the parties to present their evidence and
to make their submissions, shall decide the matter ~nd
its decision is final and binding upon the parties and the
employees covered by the agreement.
In counsel's view, the Board was fully empowered to hear this case given
that its mandate included the determination of any question as to whether a
matter was arbitrable Very simply, in counsel's View, the board could and
should take jurisdiction over issues such as status where it was necessary
to determine them to deal with the substance and merits of a grievance
Moreover, counsel argued that the cases were clear that the Board exercised
concurrent jurisdiction with the Tribunal to determine status, and he
suggested that this was an appropriate case for the Board to exercise its
jurisdIction to do so
Union counsel noted that section 40 (2) of the Act did not reqUire the Board
to refer a question of status to the Tribunal, all this provision did was
provide a mechanism to resoive status issues that arose in the "course of
bargaining for a collective agreement" or during proceedings before a "board
of arbitration " Counsel submitted that section 40(2) was not mandatory,
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and also questioned whether the "board of arbitration" referred to in the
provision was the Grievance Settlement Board, or an interest arbitration
board established pursuant to sections 10, 11, 1 2, 1 3 and 14 of the Act.
Counsel suggested that the Grievance Settlement Board was not the same as
the "board of arbitration" referred to in section 40(2) In support of this
position, reference was made to the Board's decision In Bousquet 541/90
(Gorsky), where in the course of its long and detailed decision the Board
stated
Counsel for the parties differed in their interpretation of
the junsdictional limitations imposed on the Board by
the provisions of s 18(1) of the Act immediately above
quoted The meaning of the word "board" in s 18(1) was
considered by the Board in Dickie. 314/85 (Palmer) In
that case, the Board was dealing with a grievance which
alleged the improper denial of a merit increase The
majority of the Board, after setting out the provisions of
article 1 8( 1) of the Act, stated at pp 5-6
Clearly, the foregoing indicates that the
"merit system" is something which is an
"exclusive funct~on of the employer to
manage " Further, the final words of that
section appear dispositive of the present
matter, i e., that "such matters will not be
the subject of collective bargaining nor come
Within the jurisdiction of a board." In this
regard, reference must [be] had to Section
1 (1 )(c), which clearly indicates that the word
"board" covers the present board of
arbitration which is established pursuant to
this Act. Obviously, the request of the Union
asks us to determine the way in which the
Employer has managed the merit system
which is established This, in our opinion is
something we cannot do All the rights the
Union has with respect to this system is to
have the ability to review "the governing "
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principles" of the plan with the Employer
While is is true that the Grievance Settlement Board is
"a board of arbitration established under this Act," in
context, we conclude that in using the word "board" in
article 1 8( 1), the intention was to refer to the "board of
arbitration" referred to in s 11 (1) of the Act. (at 53)
Applying this analysis to the instant case, counsel argued that the
Grievance Settlement Board was distinct from the "board of arbitration"
referred to in section 40(2), and counsel questioned the authority of the
Board to refer status questions to the Tribunal Counsel suggested that
when section 40 was read in context it was clear that it was meant to
cover status issues that arose during bargaining or during an interest
arbitration where the parties had failed to reach a collective agreement. In
counsel's view, the provision arguably did not apply where the question of
status arose as part of a grievance properly before the Board Counsel
argued that the Board should decline to refer the Issue to the Tribunal on
this basis alone
Counsel also argued, however, that even if the Board had the jurisdiction to
refer status questions to the Tribunal, in the instant case it should
exercise its discretion and decline to do so Counsel distinguished the
Canning et al. award, pOinting out that the question in that case was the
authority of the Board to reclassify employees, and that that case had
nothing to do with the Board's jurisdiction to determine status Counsel
argued that the DiVISional Court's conclusions regarding status were obiter,
and he urged the Board not to give them any weight.
Union counsel also distingUished the other cases relied on by the employer
He noted that Lasani raised a completely different issue and suggested that
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the Board in that case may have relied too heavily on the Divisional Court's
obiter in Canning et al Counsel observed that the determination of status
in Lasani and in the Umon Grievance would also determine, one way or
another, the entire matter in dispute, while in the instant case, the
determination of status might have that result, although it might not.
Counsel pointed out that if it were determined that the grievor was an
employee, the Board would then be charged with hearing her gnevance,
which raised serious issues of performance, misconduct, discharge and
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remedy, all of which were directly within its jurisdiction Unlike the cases
relied on by the employer, status was not the issue in dispute Counsel
argued it was one of a number of issues in question. Moreover, counsel took
the position that referring the case to the Tribunal would likely result in a
delay, and would result, assuming that the Tribunal determined that the
grievor was an employee, in the relitigation before the Board, followmg
this determination, of many of the same facts and issues in dispute. That,
counsel suggested, did not make any sense For all of these reasons,
counsel urged the Board to exercise its jurisdiction and hear all aspects of
the case
Employer Reply
In reply, employer counsel argued that the Board could refer the matter
pursuant to either section 40(1) or 40(2) In counsel's submission, simply
because section 40(1) did not specifically empower the Board to refer
status questions to the Tribunal did not mean that it did not 'have the right
to do so Counsel argued that that provision allowed a status question to be
referred to the Tribunal at any time dunng the period of operation of a
collective agreement. As the provision did not limit a reference to the
Tribunal to the parties, or to anyone for that matter, counsel argued that it .
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was fully within the power of the Board to refer the status issue in this
case to the Tribunal And counsel argued that the Board was specifically
empowered to refer status questions under subsection (2)
In that regard, employer counsel also urged the Board to follow the
reasoning in the Dickie case in preference to that found in Bousquet, and
argued that a "board of arbitration" as well as the "Grievance Settlement
Board" were defined in section 1 of the Act, and that being the case, the
Grievance Settlement Board was also empowered, pursuant to section
40(2), to refer a status issue to the Tribunal. Counsel pointed out that
successive decisions of the Board have recognized that the Tribunal is an
expert body, and its expertise includes the determination of employee
status Accordingly, in his view, the Board should defer to that Tribunal
where a question of status arose, as that Tribunal was clearly the
appropriate body for its determination
Employer counsel requested, assuming the Board took Jurisdiction over this
case, that it hear the evidence and argument with respect to the grievor's
status before hearing evidence and argument with respect to her dismissal
In counsel's VIew, it would not make much sense to have a lengthy hearing
on the merits only to conclude at its completion that the grievor was not an
employee within the meaning of the Act.
Decision
Having carefully considered the submissions of the parties, we have come
to the conclusion that the employer's preliminary objection should be
dismissed
...
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It is well established in the jurisprudence that the Board may refer a
question of status to the Tribunal for determination While we would not go
so far as to conclude from the few cases where this has occurred (and
counsel for both parties advised the Board that the three cases before us
and referred to in this decision were the only relevant cases of which they
were aware) that the Board has "an established practice" of doing so, we
can see the benefits of our doing so where the determination of status will
also determine the merits of the matter
In the Union Grievance award the Board referred the matter to the Tribunal
pursuant to section 40(2) In the Coones case, the Board referred the matter
to the Tribunal pursuant to section 40( 1 ) The Lasani decisIon does not
refer to any statutory provision
In our view, the Board has the junsdiction to refer a status issue to the
Tribunal pursuant to section 40(1) We are in complete agreement with
employer counsel that this provision is not restrictive, and only requires
that the issue arise during the operation of a collective agreement. That
precondition is clearly in place in the instant case, and had we decided to
refer the matter to the Tribunal we would have done so on this basis, and
also pursuant to our power, set out in section 20(8) of the Act, to
determine our own practice and procedure
It is worth observing that we cannot find, upon a careful reading of section
40(2) in the context of the Act as a whole, that the "board of arbitration"
referred to the rem is the same body as the "Grievance Settlement Board"
referred to in section 20 of the Act.
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Sections 1 0 through 14 of the Act refer specifically to boards of [interest]
arbitration established following the failure of collective bargaining In
this context, it makes sense, under section 40(2), for either the parties or
the board of [interest] arbitration itself, to refer a status question to the
Tribunal These questions are most likely to arise during the course of
collective bargaining or during an interest arbitration, and the Act has
established a convenient mechanism for their determination
In the instant case, we find that while the determination of status by the
Tribunal might end the matter by precluding the necessity of reviewing the
merits, it might not. The issue of status is arguably intertwmed with the
merits, and it is implicated to a much greater extent than in any of the
other cases In which this issue has previously been addressed A referral
to the Tribunal in this case would constitute an unnecessary division of
~ decision-making, and, assuming that the grievor was found to be an
employee, result in conSiderable delay in the determination of her grievance
and in that way defeat one of the important purposes of arbitration
Moreover, given our jurisdiction in section 19, we consider it appropriate to
take jurisdiction with respect to all aspects of a case including whether It
is arbitrable Obviously, the determination of the gnevor's status is
fundamental to that assessment. It is worth noting, if only in passing, that
there appears to be little doubt but that the observations of the Divisional
Court in Canning et al set out above were obiter, and that the Board does
have the Jurisdiction If It wishes to exerCise it to hear and deCide status
questions in the context of a grievance otherwIse properly before It. Our
finding, in this regard, also finds support in the Court of Appeal's deCision
in C.I.L. (1972) 30 R. 63
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Having decided to take jurisdiction with respect to this case, it is
appropriate to set out the procedure to be followed. Having carefully
considered the employer's request, and the union's submissions on point, we
are satisfied that this is an appropriate case to bifurcate the proceedings
and hear evidence and argument first on the status issue, or, put another
way, whether the gnevance is arbitrable Having heard and decided that
matter, we may then, depending on the outcome, hear the merits of the
matter~in dispute Given the discharge letter, and the reasons set out
therein, we are of the view that this case can be conveniently split in the
manner just described, and that there IS no prejudIce to the union or grievor
in doing so
The case will reconvene on a date or dates to be set by the Registrar
DATED at Toronto this 21st day of September, 1993
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William Kaplan
V~ha~
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W Rannachan
Member
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F Col.
Member
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