HomeMy WebLinkAbout1992-2929.Mills et al.93-10-04
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fi ':.f.":"i:';" EMPLOYES DE LA COURONNE
ONTARIO ,:i,;;_1 "-:.""
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I 1111 GRIEVANCE COMMISSION DE
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SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS
180 DUNDAS STREET WEST SUITE 2100, TORONTO, ONTARIO. M5G lZ8 TELEPHONE/TELEPHONE (416) 326-1388
180, RUE DUNDAS OUEST BUREAU 2100, TORONTO (ONTARIO) M5G lZ8 FACSIMILE ITELECOPIE (416) 326-1396
2929/92
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
OPSEU (Mills et al)
Grievor
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The Crown in Right of ontario
i (Ministry of Transportation)
Employer
BEFORE: G Simmons Vice-Chairperson
J.e Laniel Member
J. Miles Member
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FOR THE K. Whitaker
UNION Counsel
Ryder, Whitaker, Wright & Chapman
Barristers & Solicitors
FOR THE J B. Christen
EMPLOYER Counsel
Winkler, Filion & Wakely
Barristers & Solicitors
HEARING July 29, 1993
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The four grievors are classified in the posItion of "Highway Equipment
Operator 3" There has been a practice that during the winter season certain
Highway Equipment OperatQrs have been offered temporary assignments as
"Patrolmen" for the Wlnter season, and they have been considered to fall wIthin the
"Highway General Foreman/Woman" classification in the collective agreement.
The parties to the collective agreement entered mto a Memorandum of
Agreement on December 21, 1990 wherein it was agreed that,
The Employer agrees to pay employees working as Patrol
Foreman/W oman, within the Highway General
Foreman/W oman I Level, the top of the wage scale for the
( 1990-1991 winter season.
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The grievors' normal wage rate as Highway EquIpment Operator 3 was $15.37 per
hour The top of the wage scale for Highway General Foreman,IW oman 1 was $16.62
per hour On September 27, 1991 the Employer wrote to the President of the Union
stating that the Memorandum of Agreement of December 21, 1990 would be
continued during the winter season of 1991-1992 but went on to say,
The' Ministry wishes to serve notice to the Union that the
terms of this Agreement will be discontinued effective at
the conclusion of each affected employee's 1991..1992 winter
season, but in any case not later than April 30, 1992.
(The letter stated April 30, 1991 but the parties agreeq. that this was a misprint and
should read April 30, 1992.)
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The Employer also wrote to Regional Directors and District Engineers on
September 27, 1991 attaching the letter of the same date that was forwarded to the
Union President. The letter to the Regional Directors and District Engineers stated
that it was extremely important that the staff be made aware of the arrangements.
This letter was signed by Mr Carl Vervoort, Assistant Deputy Minister for the
Ministry
Between October 13 and October 15,1992, the grievors' immediate supervisor,
Mr J.R. Bailie, gave to the grievors a document headed "memorandum" concerning
the winter maintenance operations temporary assignment. In this memorandum, the
wage rate was again stated to be $16 62 per hour This assignment was to begin on
November 7, 1992 and terminate on April!, 1993. When these forms arrived on the
d,esk of Mr George Thibeault, Human Resources Consultant with the Ministry, he
immediately saw that there had been an error made in offering the wage rate of
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$16.62 per hour Because of Mr Vervoort's memorandum to Regional Directors and
District Engineers and his attached letter to Mr Upshaw, President of OPSEU,
Mr Thibeault realized that the arrangement between the Union and the Employer
was to revert to the terms and conditions of the collective agreement. Mr Thibeault
contacted Ms. Su Lo, Assistant District Engineer of Maintenance, the supervisor, once
removed, of the grievors and informed her that the rates contamed in the
memorandum were mcorrect and not in accordance with the September 27, 1991
letter and memorandum. He requested that the memoranda be corrected.
The article dealing with temporary assignments is to be found .at 6 1 1
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ARTICLE 6 - TEMPORARY ASSIGNMENTS
Where an employee is assigned temporarily to perform the
duties of a position in a classification with a -higher salary
maximum for a period in excess of five (5) consecutive
working days, he shan be paid acting pay from the day he
commenced to perform the duties of the higher
classification in accordance with the next higher rate in the
higher classification, provided that where such a change
results in an increase of less than three percent (3%), he
shall receive the next higher salary rate again.
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It is agreed that if the collective agreement was followed the rate that ought to have
been paid to the grievors was $16.26 per hour Mr Bruce Cardwell, one of the
grievors, had signed the original memorandum addressed to him on October 15, 1992
wherein it stated that he would receive $16.62 per hour However, he refused to sign
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any subsequent memoranda at the lower rate of $16.26 per hour and a third one at
yet a lower rate. Accordingly, he was not assigned the temporary assIgnment but
nevertheless grieves that he ought to have been so assigned, and to have been paid
at $16.62 per hour
Following Mr Thibeault's direction that the error be corrected and that the
grievors be offered $16.26 per hour pursuant to Article 6 11 of the collective
agreement, the grievors were offered a new memorandum stating that effective from
November 7, 1992 to April 2, 1993 the grievors would be reclassified from Highway
Equipment Operator 3 at $15.37 per hour to Highway General Foreman/Woman at
$16.26 per hour Grievors Mills and Potts sIgned the revised memorandum on
October 16 and October 26 respectively Nevertheless, they informed their supervisor
that they would be grieving this change Mr Cray initlally refused to sign the
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revised memorandum and filed his grievance on November 1 claiming that he was
being dealt with unfairly and sought to be paid at the rate of $16 62 per hour for the
duration of the temporary assignment. Messrs. Potts and Mills filed their grievances
on November 4, whereas, Mr Cardwell filed his grievance on October 20, 1992.
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The grievors claim that they were inconvenienced by this change. The
Highway Equipment Operator works days, five days a week. The position of Highway
General Foreman/Woman involves shift work and encroaches on their weekends.
Moreover, the Highway General Foreman/W oman is not gIven the same opportunity
to work overtime as is the Highway Equipment Operator 3 and therefore to accept
the hIgher temporary posItion IS a cost factor to them. Furthermore, in the case of
two of the grievors, new arrangements had to be 'made_ with respect to child care for
their children.
The Union bases its claim primarily on estoppel. The grievors were presented
/' with agreements by their supervisor at $16.62 per hour which they signed in good
faith. They were inconvenienced and had to make alternate arrangements in two
cases with respect to day care. In the third cas~, Mr Potts testified that had he
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known that the rate of pay was to be $16.26 per hour he would not have accepted the
positIon. He indicated that It was simply a matter of money that he was concerned
With and had he known that $16.26 was all he would receive, he would not have
accepted the position. The other two grievors, however, indic~ted that they would
have accepted the position notwithstanding the drop in rate for various reasons. The
Union relied on Re CN/CP Telecommunications and Canadian Telecommunications
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Union (1981), 4 L.A.C (3d) 205 (Beatty), upheld by the Divisional Court of the
Supreme Court of Ontario in Re C.N.R. Co. et a1. and Beatty et a1 (1981), 128 D.L.R.
(3d) 236, 81 C.L.L.e, para 14,163,34 a.R. (2d) 38, and an unreported decIsipn of
Richard H. McLaren in the Grey Bruce Begiona1Hea1th Centre and Ontario Public
Service Employees Union Paramedical Unit 235 dated 13 July 1993, and Be
Thompson Products, Division of TRW Canada Ltd. and Thompson Products
Employees AssocIation (1974), 6 L.A.C (2d) 56 (Brandt) in support of its position.
The Employer takes the position that the agreement between the Union and
the Employer came to an end after the 1991-1992 season when the UnIon was
informed that such was to be the case and that matters were to revert to reliance on
the collective agreement. The offers that had been made to the grievors in mid-
October, 1992 had been made in error and before the assignment was to become
effective on November 7, 1992 the Employer had notified the employees of the error
and took steps to correct it. In these circumstances, the employees had sufficient
time to alter any arrangements they had made and indeed, the two grievors Wlth the
young children, accepted the shift assignments albeit at the lower rate and it cannot
therefore be said that they were inconvenienced in any way It .is true that the
money they received for perfornling the temporary assignment was less than what
they had originally expected but they had ample opportunity to make a decision as
to whether they wished to accept the temporary position at the lower rate. They
could have remained in their Operator 3 positions and carried on as before. The
Employer relied on Be Metropolitan Toronto Civic Employees' Union, Local 43 and
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Canadian Union of Public Employees and Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto et al.
(1985), Onto Div Court 50 O.R. (2d) 618 and on an earlier unreported decision of the
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I Grievance Settlement Board involving C U.P.E. (Zonni/Hardy) and the Crown in
I Right of Ontario (Workers' Compensation Board) B.A. Kirkwood, Vice Chairperson
dated the 1st day of August 1991 and on Re Monarch Fine Foods Co. Ltd. and Milk
I and Bread Drivers, Local 647 (1985), 18 L.A.C (3d) (Schift) in support of its position.
In the CN/CPcase it is pointed 9ut that changes to a collective agreement may
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raise an estoppel when you have three elements present. a representation from one
of the parties, reliance on that representation, and acts on behalf of the party to
whom the representation has been made to that party's detriment. In the CN/CP
case the collective agreement had stipulated a certain waiting period for employees
absent due to sickness before they were entitled to payment. A practice had
developed, however, that the employees received their payments from the,fIrst day
of absence due to sickness and the Employer then decided to give notice that It
intended to cease making payments pursuant to such practice but that it would ,be
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revertmg to ~he terms of the collective agreement. The arbitrator ruled that the
Employer could not unilaterally alter the practice that had been established and
upheld the grievance. The arbitrator's decision was upheld by the Divisional Court.
In the Grey Bruce situation there had been representations made to thegrievors that
if they became employees of the Employer their positions would be secure and that
there would be no lay-offs even if the grievors were reinstated from their discharge.
The Employer later informed the grIevors that they would be laId off The grievances
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were successful in that situation. In Re Thompson Products the plant shutdown was
from July 23, 1973 to July 27, 1973 The grievor had his vacation scheduled to
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commence on the weeks of July 16 and July 23, 1973. Sometime later be requested
that his vacation be changed commencing on July 9, 1973 and continuing during the
week of July 16, 1973 The grievor's foreman indicated to him that if such a change
were to occur he might lose a week's pay as a result because the plant would be shut
down commencing July 23. Nevertheless, the grievor indicated that he wanted the
change in order to acquire a cottage. During the week of shutdown commencing
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July 23, 1973 the Employer employed a junior employee for certain duties in the
garden, cafeteria, and stockroom. The grievor claimed entitlement to that work and
fued his grievance. The Employer argued that the grievor was estopped from making
such a claim as he was aware of the possibility of losing a week's pay during the
week of July 23 if he insisted upon such a change. When the grievor insisted on and
made the change, the Employer's position was upheld and the grievance was
dismissed.
The Employer claims that there was no detrimental reliance in the instant
sItuation and the doctrine of estoppel does not therefore apply In the Metropolitan
Toronto Divisional Court decision representations were made to several employees
concerning accumulated sick pay benefits who would receive such benefits on
retirement as had been in effect between their Union and their former Employer
under another collective agreement. The representations meant that the grievors
would receive greater entitlements than they would have received otherwise. The
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arbitration board in that case dismissed the grievance and the matter went before the
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Divisional Court. The court held that while arbitrators have a jurisdiction to apply
the doctrine of estoppel the representations have to demonstrate that the Union was \
induced to act to its detriment. Employees repr~sented by a union are bound by but
are not themselves party to a collective agreement and estoppel applies only on the
basis of the conduct of one party to a contract towards another party Furthermore,
the representations were not inwnting and the <;ourt found that the statutory
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requirement that a collective agreement be in writing was required.
Finally, in Monarch Fine Foods there was a benefit that had been extended to
employees who had good attendance at the work place Employees who had good
attendance could cash out such benefits at year end, whereas, such benefits were not
to apply to those employees whose attendance was not good. But a practice had
developed that the cashout at year end had been extended to all employees, even
those who had been off work on weekly indemnity This practice had existed for a
lengthy period of time until a vice-president found the mistake and he ordered its
rectification. The Union on the other hand claimed that the Employer was estopped
from making such a change b~cause the nature of the representation had given rise
to an estoppel. At page 264, arbitrator SchIff makes the following comments:
Estoppel by conduct, as approved by the Supreme
Court of Canada and, it may at least be argued, the
Divisional Court itself in C.N.R., applies only when the
party making the representation intended that the other
party rely on it and intended that it affect the legal
relations between them e.g, Town of Fort Frances v
Boise Cascade Canada Ltd., supra, at p 217, Engineered
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Homes Ltd. v Mason, supra, at pp 580-1, C.N.R. v Beatty,
J supra, atpp 243..4 f Undoubtedly, the employer intended
over the years that the union and employees rely on the
deferral scheme and that it sho~ld affect the operation of
s. 12.04 of the agreement. But no responsible official of the
employer ever intended that the bonus of the extra day's
pay should go to every employee whether or not he had
received weekly mdemnity That it happened nevertheless
was a gross mistake on the part of the pay-roll department
not discovered by the vice-president until the fall of 1984
It follows that the employer could not possibly have
~ intended that union and employees rely on the pract~ce of
paying the bonus and that the practice affect the operation
of paras. (c) and (d)
It may be, however, that the arbitral version of
estoppel by conduct needs no showing of such intention.
The arbitrator in CN/CP did not mention intention and the
Divisional Court lightly touched it only once: 128 D.L.R.
(3d) 236 at pp 243-4.
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The Employer in the instant situation submits that what occurred was a mistake by
the fll"stline supervisors and as soon as it was detected by Mr Thibeault steps were
taken to correct the mistake. Therefore, according to the Employer, the grievances
should be denied.
The position advanced by the Employer is to be preferred over that rehed on
by the Union. Clearly, there was an error (mistake) that had been made by the
firstline supervisors when the grievors were offered the temporary assignments at
$16.62 per hour sometime in mid-October, 1992. Within two or three days of signing
the origmal memorandum, the error was detected and .revised memoranda were
presented'to the employees for their signatures. It is true, as the evidence points out,
that the frrstline supervisors were supportive of the grievors filing grievance and
stated assurances that they would in fact receive the $16 62 per hour But, of course,
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this was not the case. Mr Cray, one of the grievors, is the local-president but did not
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go beyond the flrstline supervisor to ascertain -what the situation was with higher
levels of management. Whether or not he ought to have done so is a matter of
speculation. However, it is not denied that as soon as the grievors were presented
with revised memoranda and rates of pay it was apparent to all that the hourly rate
of $16.62 was no longer a defmite foregone conclusion. At most, it could be said that
there was confusion and perhaps indecision. However, once having been presented )
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with the revised rate of pay, the grievors were no longer in a position of having an
assured $16.62 per hour Furthermore, .the temporary assignment was not to
commence until November 7, 1992, approximately three weeks into the future. Any
arrangements that may have been made by the grievors concerning child care, etc.
could have been changed and one cannot see how they acted to their detriment.
Furthermore, the arrangements between the Employer and the Union were defmltely
set out in writing and it is conceivable that the Union ought to have also ~otified the
grievors of the changed circumstances.
In the cases relied on by the Union, particularly Grey Bruce and 'Thompson
Products, the situation that prevailed was somewhat different than in the instant
situation. In Grey Bruce the grievors were given an assurance that they would not
be laid off should other grievors be reinstated notwithstanding the provisions in the
collective agreement and th~y accepted the positions on that basis. \ Once having
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altered their situation in such a way, it is an excellent example of when estoppel
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should be applied. They accepted employment on the understanding that they would
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not be laid off, and later the Employer attempted to lay them off The grievances
succeeded. Similarly, in the Thompson Forest Products case the employee altered his
vacation but was informed that by doing so he may lose a week's paybe~ause of the
plant closure that was to occur the week following his amended vacation period.
Nevertheless, he went ahead and altered his vacation plans but when a junior
employee was hired during the plant shutdown period, the grievor sought
compensation because 'he had been available for the work but he had not been asked
to perform that work. In that situation, however, the grievor had altered his position
knowing that by doing so he may lose a week's work or a week's pay and he was
estopped from seeking compensation for the week of the plant shutdown and the
grievance was dismissed.
In the instant situation, the grievors did not find themselves in such situations.
They were offered- the temporary assignment at $16 62 per hour in mid-October to
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l;>egin their assignments on November 7, 1992. However, within two or three days
they were informed that the rate would be $16.26 per hour and if they accepted the
position they would do so on that basis. The gnevors signed the revised memoranda
but stated that they would be filing grievances and insisting on receiving the $16.62.
However, at that point in time they had not commenced their assignment and as has
been stated earlier they had approximately three weeks in which to go back to the
status quo and change any arrangements that they may have made during that two
or three day period. None of the grlevors indicated that they were locked into their
arrangements and could not revert to the status quo.
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In our respectful opinion, the doctrine of estoppel cannot apply to the instant
sItuation for reasons that have been given above. MQreover, it is clear that what
occurred here was an error by the frrstline supervisory people~ and once detected in
the Human Resources Branch the mistake was corrected. Clearly, as the Monarch
Fine Foods decision points out, errors, even over a lengthy period of time, which the
instant case is not, can be corrected. It is for all of the foregoing reasons that the
gnevances must be and are hereby dismissed.
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Dated at Kingston, Ontario, this 4th day of Oct.ober . 1993.
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C Gordon Simmons
! Vice-Chaiz]>erson
J C Laniel
Member
C)tfl----rJn ~ I
JoL Miles
Member
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