HomeMy WebLinkAbout1992-3842.Anderson.94-09-16
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ONTARIO EMPLOYES DE LA COURONNE
~ CROWN EMPLOYEES DEL'ONTARlO
- GRIEVANCE CpMMISSION DE
1111 SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT
. .-- BOARD DES GRIEFS
180 DUNDAS STREET WEST SUITE 2100 TORONTO ONTARIO. MSG lZ8 TELEPHONE /TELEPHONE (416) 326- 1388
180 RUE DUNDAS OUEST BUREAU 2100 TORONTO (ONTARIO) M5G lZ8 FACSlrAILE'TELECOPJE (416) 326-1396
3842/92
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
OPSEU (Anderson)
Grievor
- and -
The Crown in Right of ontario
(Ministry of Health)
Employer
BEFORE: S stewart Vice-Chairperson
E Seymour Member
D Montrose Member
FOR THE S Ursel
UNION Counsel
Cornish Advocates
Barristers & Solicitors
FOR THE J Crawford
EMPLOYER Deputy Director
Legal Services Branch
Ministry of Health
HEARING October 14, 1993
February 23, 1994
May 20, 24 & 26, 1994
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DECISION
In a grievance dated June 8, 1992 Ms V Anderson
alleges a violation of Articles A and 27 10 of the Collective
Agreement The essence of the grievance is that Ms Anderson's
supervisor, Mr W Fawcett, engaged in sexual harassment The
remedy sought in the grievance is a cease and desist order,
compensation for losses and "any such other relief as may by
requested, or as the board may see fit to order II In the course
of the grievance procedure the Union took the position that Mr
Fawcett's employment should be terminated
Mr Fawcett was in attendance at the first day of
hearing and was given status as a party in this proceeding Mr
Fawcett initially indicated that he may wish to seek an
adjournment in order to retain counsel to represent him, however,
following a recess Mr. Fawcett advised that he would not be
retaining counsel and would be representing himself The matter
then proceeded on the first day of hearing and Mr Fawcett, along
with the other parties, was given formal notice of subsequent
hearing dates By letter dated February 15, 1994, Mr Fawcett
advised the Board that he would not be participating in these
proceedings Accordingly, the hearing proceeded in his absence
and the evidence called or agreed to was not contradicted
The Employer has accepted that Mr Fawcett engaged in
sexual harassment and that there was a violation of the
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Collective Agreement In his letter dated February 15, 1994 Mr
Fawcett disputes that the grievor was sexually harassed
However, given the unrefuted evidence before us we accept that
Mr Fawcett engaged in sexual harassment and that there has been
a violation of the Collective Agreement The issue in this
proceeding thus relates to remedy The actions taken by the
Employer will be reviewed in some detail but in essence, the
ultimate response has been a ten day suspension imposed on Mr
Fawcett by letter dated May 3, 1993, signed by Mr R Armstrong,
Regional Manager. It is the position of the Union that the
response of the Employer is not sufficient to remedy the
violation and requests additional relief, including the
termination of Mr Fawcett's employment
Ms Crawford advised that the Employer accepts the
findings of an investigator contained in a report dated March 1,
1993 These findings are best understood in the context of Ms
Anderson's evidence
At all relevant times Ms Anderson was employed as a
supervisor, a bargaining unit position, at the Georgian Central
Ambulance Communications Centre (Georgian CACC) She has held
that position since 1988 Prior to her appointment to that
position she worked as a dispatcher for three years at Georgian
CACC Ms Anderson commenced working as a dispatcher in sioux
Lookout in 1977 She is qualified as an Emergency Medical Care
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Attendant Mr Fawcett was the District Manager at all relevant
times and remains in that position He is the grievor's direct
supervisor Jnd the senior management person on site
Ms Anderson testified that on December 4, 1990 she and
Mr Fawcett drove together to Mississauga to deal with a business
related matter Ms Anderson testified that when they were
returning hJme Mr
Fawcett made a comment about her not being
"passionate in everyday work" She stated that the inference
that she drew from that comment was that he was suggesting that
she was pasJionate "in bed" Ms Anderson testified that she was
very uncomfdrtable with that comment and made reference to Mr
Fawcett's wife and that Mr Fawcett responded by saying that his I
wife was lItdUChY feely" Ms. Anderson's evidence was that at
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thls pOlnt Mr Fawcett reached over and stroked her halr She
stated that this was very upsetting to her and that she stated to
Mr Fawcett that she had a husband and two children that she
loved and ste would not hurt them Ms Anderson testified that
Mr Fawcett then withdrew his ha,nd Ms Anderson's statement to
the investigator indicated that Mr Fawcett specifically referred
to her beinJ passionate "in bed" and while she indicated in her
testimony tJat this specific statement was not made, she stated
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that the infierence was clear She found the incident extremely
upsetting
At the time of this incident a 21 day hearing into
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allegations that Mr Fawcett had sexually harassed another
employee had just concluded The hearing commenced on January
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23, 1989 an~ the last day of hearlng was November 1, 1990 Mr
Fawcett was made a party to those proceedings by order of the
Board and he was represented by counsel
Ms Anderson's evidence was that prior to the December
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4, 1990 incident Mr Fawcett had treated her favourably but that
subsequent Jo this incident she received less favourable
treatment wJich she considered to be in reprisal for her
rejection oJ Mr Fawcett's advance
As previously noted, the grievance is dated June 8, 1992,
a consideraJle time subsequent to the events of December 4, 1990
The grievor testified that she told a colleague about the
incident the next day Some time later she told her husband
about the iJcident Her husband contacted the Human Rights
Commission Jut the matter was not pursued there Ms Anderson
testified tJat she decided to file a grievance when she was told
of an incidJnt between Mr Fawcett and a summer student,
hereinafter referred to as Witness E Ms Anderson contacted
witness E and she testified as to what this person related to
her This JVidence went in on the basis that this witness would
be called tJ give evidence by the Union We were advised that
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notwithstanding efforts on the part of both the Union and the
Employer thJ witness could not be located. Counsel for the
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Employer agreed, however, that the statement made by Witness E to
an investigltor was accepted by the Employer as an accurate
statement of the events that could be relied on for the truth of
its contehtb. The Employer took the same position with respect
to other stLtements of employees made to the investigator These
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matters wll~ be dealt wlth below
Following receipt of the grievance Mr Armstrong
requested the appointment of an investigator pursuant to Article
27 10 3 2 o~ the Collective Agreement Ms J stamp, of the
human resou~ces branch of the Ministry, was appointed to
investigate the complaint Mr Armstrong inquired as to whether
Ms AndersJn and Mr. Fawcett should be separated in the workplace
at that point and was advised by the Union that this would not be
necessary The investigator interviewed a number of employees of
the Georgian CACC, including Mr Armstrong and Mr Fawcett The
Union requJsted that a person other than Mr Armstrong be
appointed as the designee to deal with the grievance given the
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fact that Mr Armstrong was Mr Fawcett's lmmedlate supervlsor
This requeJt was complied with and Mr G Brand, Director,
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Emergency Health Services Branch, was appointed as the designee
to deal wiJh the grievance
irior to the issuance of the investigator's report,
this Board's decision relating to the allegations of sexual
harassment by another employee against Mr. Fawcett was issued
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In Ministrv of Health & OPSEU (Courtenay) (October 7, 1992,
Wilson) the grievance was upheld The essence of the grievance
is set out at pp 65-66 as follows
TJe Grievor claims that in 1984 she was the
o~ject of sexual harassment by her Manager
W~lliam Fawcett. An effort was made through
the offices of the Regional Manager Rusk
t6 resolve that situation At the time,
she believed that it had been resolved
H6wever, it is her position that as a
r~sult of that complaint, her manager proceeded
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over the next four years to harass her
-, systematically with critical memorandums
and documents Then in 1987 he again made
art improper remark that she asserts was
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further sexual harassment and that the
h~rassment continued up to and even beyond
the filing of the grievance He denies all of
this except for an admission about a remark
m~de in 1987 It is for this Board to resolve
this conflict in the evidence of the parties
The Board alcepted that Mr Fawcett engaged in sexual harassment
of the grieJor in 1984 Ms Courtenay's evidence with respect to
these matte~s and the outcome of her complaint and that of
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another employee to the regional manager is summarized at pp 4-7
of the decilion as follows
Il October, 1994, William Fawcett succeeded
H~mbides as the Manager of Georgian CACC
A~cording to the Grievor about that time
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snortly after Fawcett had become the manager, a
f~ll-time position for dispatcher was posted The
Gtievor who was interested in competing in the
cbmpetition approached Fawcett just before the
b~ginning of the evening shift and asked him if
she would need the First Aid certificate and the I
R~dio Operator's licence to apply He replied
that she would need to apply for those When she
aSked him who would train her, he suggested a
s~pervisor attendant at the Midland Centre who he
s~id was qualified to certify According to the
grievor's testimony, when she then asked whether
she would be apart [sic] of a class or get it
p:-ivate1y, Fawcett winked and smiled saying "I
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am sure he could give you a private course " She
testified that she felt stunned and asked "An
accredited course?" To this Fawcett replied
"Oh! he could give you a really good cohrse"
and smiled again She understood that Fawcett
was making some inference of a private encounter -
sexual in nature - other than training for a
radio operator
That same evening while the Grievor was working
alone on the evening shift, Fawcett buzzed at
the door He came in and sat down at the
dispatcher's console next to the Grievor He
did not say much after the formal greetings
She asked him if he wanted to seethe operation
of the Centre She testified that he replied
that he did not want to get that familiar with
the job because he might then have to fill in
for a dispatcher He stayed about two hours
She tried to direct the conversation to business
matters, but he would direct them to the personal
He asked about her background When he told her
that she had a nursing background, he said that
was good, nurses had been known to be friendly
and winked She understood that to have a sexual
connotation He commented that he liked slim
women. He told her she was worldly in some ways
and young in others He did not do any work and
did not go to his own office He indicated he was
just going to watch her work The following evening,
he came in again and again talked along the same
lines
A week later the Grievor discussed it with another
employee She had been having similar problems The
day after, when he came in at the beginning of another
shift, Courtenay spoke to him [Fawcett] about the
possibility of having a staff meeting on her day off
He stated that if she really wanted a staff meeting
they could have one back in his hotel room Although
this was said flippantly or jokingly, the Grievor
thought it was sexual in implication in light of her
dealings with him to date and the treatment which she
had already received from him He winked and smiled
She spoke to two other employees, Jan wilton and
Wendy Caldwell and found that they were experiencing
similar problems. Jan wilton told her that she had
overheard him make inappropriate comments about
another employee, Le that one of the (female)
employees looked "really ready to him " Jan also
indicated that she thought he had brushed up against
her in an inappropriate manner Wendy Caldwell was
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having even worse problems because Fawcett had told
her she was favouring one of the ambulance attendants
with extra overtime; that particular driver happened
to be her boyfriend and there was the suggestion that
this was a type of sexual favouritism The Grievor
testified that Caldwell mentioned to her that Fawcett
had grabbed her shoulder and she seemed quite angry
The Grievor and Jan wilton decided to go to the
Regional Manager, Fred Rusk
The result was that a meeting was held in which
Rusk, Fawcett, Wilton and the Grievor were
present The two women confronted him with their
allegations. He denied brushing up against Jan
wilton He did however admit to the comment about
a female employee looking ready, but said that at the
time he had thought wilton was a supervisor and not
just a dispatcher He denied the Grievor's
accusations With respect to the hotel room comment
she testified that he replied that he would not call
her a liar, but she interrupted him and said that he
did and he knew what was said At the end of the
meeting they apologized to each other over any
misunderstandings and the Grievor said that she hoped
that they would still be able to work together She
felt that would be the end of the matter Her apology
was intended as a gesture that there were no hard
feelings After the meeting, there were no more
incidents for about six months Jan Wilton went on
maternity leave and Wendy Caldwell left the
employment of CACC.
~he Board's findings are set out at p 68 of the
decision as follows,
By way of findings with respect to this part
of the evaluation of the evidence, I am
satisfied that Fawcett did say some suggestive
comments on the evening he came to sit in the
console room with the Grievor The Grievor
expressed the opinion as did Jan Wilton, that
Fawcett actually was hoping to solicit female
employees for sexual activity But in my
view based on all the evidence, it is more
consistent with what Wilton testified that
he said about Wendy Caldwell, namely that she
"looked ready" and his comment in 1987 about
the "white spots" that he at least occasionally
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used sexually suggestive language for effect
much the sam~ as some people tell sexual jokes
The Grievor testified that he referred to nurses
as friendly, that he liked slim women and that she
seemed worldly in some ways and young in others
On the balance, I accept that he did make some
sort of comments of this nature However, I am
not sure that the reference to using a hotel
room for a meeting or a course with Laurin
were made as sexual comments since they could
equally have been neutral in meaning I think
the Grievor could have misunderstood what was
being said and I am prepared to give Fawcett,
the benefit of the doubt on this point But. if
they were made in that sense, they would be of
the same genre as the comments made in the
console room I point out at this juncture,
that at that time, Fawcett did not know the
Grievor He had no specific grounds for
knowing that she would personally take extreme
exception to any suggestive or lewd language: or
connotations The significance of that will be
discussed below It goes almost without saying
that there are some people who would not taRe
exception or be upset by such comments, even
when coming from a direct supervisor On th.e
other hand, it is at the least inappropriate
for a supervisor to do so under such circumstances
The problem, however, appeared to be resolved at
the time as a result of the complaints made to Rusk
The Board rejected the Union's contention that
following Ms Courtenay's complaint she was retaliated against by
being subjected to critical memoranda and documents, however it
accepted that there was a further incident of harassment in 1987
Ms. Courtenay's evidence about that incident is summarized at p
17 of the decision as follows
In November, 1987, an incident occurred between
Fawcett and the Grievorwhich is of great
significance in this grievance The Grievor
was on duty at the console with Diane She
was discussing her recent visit to Florida and
Diane mentioned that she had a nice tan, to which
the Grievor replied that it was beginning to fade
The Grievor testified that Fawcett who was in the
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room at the time then said "It isn't the tanned
parts that we are interested in but the untanned
parts that we're interested in" and then winked
No one else said anything and he left The Grievor
considered it an inappropriate comment about her
body, that it was invasive and insulting She thought
that he was trying to get one on her, show that he
can do what he wants and there was nothing she
could do about it.
The decision indicates at p. 52 that Mr Fawcett acknowledged
making the statement lilt isn't the tan, it is the white spots
that count The decision goes on to summarize his evidence
as follows.
At the hearing he denied making the comment to
embarrass the Grievor He never heard anything
from the Grievor about it He claimed it was
an expression he had picked up from his Aunt
Mary who would say it when he came back from
vacationing in Bermuda He never made any
comments about her body since then
The Board's conclusions about this matter are set out at p 75
of its decision as follows.
There is some difference in the testimony of
the Grievor and Fawcett about what exactly was
said in the tan incident The actual difference
in the wording of the comments is not in itself
significant the purport of the words is the
same I do not have any doubts that the Grievor
felt that the words were as she put it invasive
and insulting It was the only actual comment
of that nature since the events of 1984 Although
he may not have intended very much by the words,
it has to be viewed in the context of knowing
that the Grievor had already made a sexual harassment
complaint against him in 1984 In that context,
he should have been fully alerted to the dangers
or implications of lapsing into off-colour comments
or language that had sexual connotations in front
of the Grievor Nor is it excusable because other
people might regard the comments as innocuous or
even just silly
After reviewing the relevant authorities the decision expresses
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the following conclusion
To sum up the facts as we have found them and
their implications, I find as follows the
Grievor was in fact exposed to certain statements
which could be characterized as off-colour or
somewhat lewd statements in 1984 by Fawcett
It is not clear on the evidence whether Fawcett
would have been able to know in advance that such
statements would be unfavourably received At the
same time, as a manager he ought to have known that
such behaviour was in any event inappropriate I have
not found that they were as extensive as the Grievor
believed but they were significant enough to lead
to a sexual harassment complaint to Fawcett's own
district manager The implications of his various
comments were such that another employee pressed
similar complaints at the same time Fortunately,
at the time, the issues were resolved and that
should have been the end of the matter However,
in 1987, Fawcett again lapsed into an offensive
statement before the Grievor This was much more
serious because he was now affected with actual
knowledge of the Grievor's personal sensitivity
to such comments It is serious enough if you are
reckless or indifferent to how the employee may
respond, it is much more serious where you have
the knowledge that the employee will be adversely
affected by the comments. The effect was to
[undo] the remedy or resolution which had been
reached in 1984 and revive and exacerbate the
original problem
The Grievor alleges and believes that Fawcett has
systematically engaged in harassment over the
years since her original complaint in 1984. That
allegation in my view fails it is not sufficiently
demonstrated in the testimony or the documentation
What has happened however is that the actual
inappropriate behaviour which did occur poisoned
the situation so that the Grievor became convinced
that there was an even more evil intention and
activity This is an example of the serious
effect which inappropriate behaviour can have
certain matters were traditionally considered
taboo in polite society They were I suppose
characterized as a question of decency or good
manners In today's world, loose talk about
sex, religion and race are seen as being of such
a fundamental nature as to be characterized as
harassment issues The subjects are considered
fundamental matters in the workplace Different
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people respond in different ways; but in the
workplace the views of co-workers whether coequal
or subordinate must be respected The problem
would be similar if the Grievor had been Roman
Catholic and her manager had made jokes in
front of her abut the mass or the Pope, or if she
had been a member of a different race from that
of her manager and her race treated humorously
It is no defence that others in similar circumstances
might have shrugged off such comments On the law
it is absolutely clear an employee is entitled to
a proper working environment, free from sexual,
religious or racial harassment
The essence of the Board's remedial order is contained at p 85
of the decision, as follows
The Grievor is entitled to a declaration that sexual
harassment to the extent found by this Board did
occur I however do not think that it would be
appropriate to direct the Employer to transfer
William Fawcett The findings against him are
not anywhere near as serious as the allegations
made against him Such an order would only be
justified if there was no hope of remedying the
situation without such an order I do not believe
that the facts disclose such a situation The
Employer is directed to comply with the Collective
Agreement as provided in Article 27 and to take
whatever steps are necessary to maintain a work
environment free from sexual harassment In
particular, it is so directed with respect to
William Fawcett['s] behaviour towards the
Grievor. I personally believe that he will
comply. it is a matter of exercising self restraint
and refraining from inappropriate comments such
as we have found he made in the past
Mr Armstrong testified that after receivihgand
reviewing this decision he determined that it was appropriate to
write a non-disciplinary letter of counselling to Mr Fawcett
The letter is dated December 9, 1992, the text of which reads as
follows
I have reviewed the decision of the Grievance
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Settlement Board Case 912/88 regarding your
alleged violation of Article 27 10 of the Ontario
Public Service Collective Agreement
As you are already aware it was the decision
of the Board that you were in fact in
contravention of Article 27 10 in that you
made comments of a sexual harassing nature.
Though the Chairman did not feel that the
comments were significant enough to warrant
your transfer he did specifically direct the
employer to comply with Article 27 and
directed you to refrain from making any
inappropriate comments in the future
Therefore, you are hereby directed by this
non-disciplinary letter of counselling to
comply with the Collective Agreement in
general, and Article 27 specifically Should
further incidents of this nature occur in the
future you will be subject to disciplinary
action up to and including dismissal
The investigator's report is dated March 1, 1993 and
her conclusions are set out in summary form as follows
Allegation #1
The grievor alleges that she was sexually harassed
by the supervisor on December 4, 1990 when he made
comments about how passionate she must be and stroked
her hair
There were no direct witnesses to this incident I find
that on the balance of probabilities and taking into
consideration the grievor reported this to a colleague
the next day and the credibility of the witnesses that
this incident did occur as described by the grievor.
Alleqation #2
* the change in her schedule from permanent days to
rotating shift without prior notification or
consultation despite the fact that the supervisor
encouraged her to apply for permanent days to
accommodate her following return from maternity
leave;
The grievor alleges that her repudiation of what she
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characterizes as a sexual advance on December 4, 1990
led to a change in her schedule from permanent days
to rotation shift.
I find the grievors schedule was changed from permanent
days to rotation shortly following the December 4, 1990
incident and as there were no sound business reasons put
forward that would explain that change, that on a
balance of probabilities there was retaliation against
the grievor related to the December 4, 1990 incident
Alleqation #3
* prior to December 4, 1990 the supervisor had told
to [sic] the grievor that she was the administrative
supervisor and that he wanted to make an assistant
manager position for her, whereas after December
4, 1990 these conversations ceased,
I find that there was no position at Georgian CACC for an
assistant manager and that the grievor could not have
advanced into such a position I do find that on the
balance of probabilities that the supervisor ceased
discussions with the grievor regarding the position of
assistant manager as a likely career opportunity for
the grievor and this was most likely related to the
December 4, 1990 incident.
Alleqation #4
* prior to December 4, 1990, the supervisor had told
to the grievor that she was his favourite, but
following December 4, 1990, the supervisor found
complaints with her work and treated her in a
manner which was unacceptable to her ie when the
grievor was off sick for surgery on her nose,
This allegation is similar to allegation #3 and I find
that on the balance of probabilities that the supervisor
was less tolerant toward the grievor and criticized her
work more often
Allegation #5
* prior to December the supervisor acted on her
suggestions but following December 4, 1990, the
supervisor ignored her suggestions;
Again this allegation is similar to #3 and #4 above and
I find on the balance of probabilities that the supervisor
did not act upon suggestions put forward by the grievor
and there in no explanation put forward that would
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resolve this I
Alleqation #6
* the supervisor called the grievor a "bitch" three
times in a supervisory meeting in Mayor June, 1991,
Two witnesses have corroborated that the supervisor
used the word "bitch" in this m~eting in reference to
the grievor I find that the supervisor did on the
balance of probabilities call the grievor a "bitch'l
in Mayor June of 1991
Alleqation #7
* her performance appraisals prior to December 4,
1990 were excellent but following December 4,
1990 although the grievor felt her performance
was good to excellent but she did not get
positive feedback from the supervisor,
The form of the performance appraisal had changed The
grievor was rated as high on the performance appraisal
as was possible I have found no -evidence to support
that the supervisor harassed the grievor through
negative performance appraisals
Alleqation #8
* the grievor stated that she believes that the
supervisor has displayed a pattern of
harassment involving other female staff members
Two of the witnesses (Witness E and G) which the grievor
named stated they were not subjected to sexual
harassment by the supervisor .Two other witnesses
(Witness A and D) stated that they felt they were
subjected to sexual harassment by the supervisor
These incidents occurred in 1984 and 1991 years ago
and consequently I make no specific findings with
respect to these particular allegations, I do
consider the evidence of those witnesses to be
similar fact evidence to that of the grievor
As previously noted, the Employer accepted the truth of
the statements identified as witnesses' statements, contained in
the investigator's report in summary forID Witness E provided
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the investigator with a signed statement, dated November 5, 1992
witness E, a student, had been employed by Georgian CACC on a
part-time basis between June and August, 1991 She was seventeen
years of age at the time The summary of witness E's statement
contained in the investigator's report provides as follows
During the period of time I was a student I
asked Bill Fawcett to follow me in his car
to Neinieke Muffler Shop I dropped off my
car there and got a ride back to work with
Bill Fawcett
There was something going on at the beach with
cameras and activity so we pulled into the
parking lot at the beach, to watch what was
going on and to decide if and where we were
going to have lunch
I don't remember how the conversation started I
but Mr. Fawcett said something like "So you're
interested in older men. You should pick and
choose You're very pretty" He brushed my I
hair from my cheek I responded by suggesting
that it was time to get back I felt
uncomfortable but I did not feel sexually
threatened or that I was being hit upon
The reason I felt uncomfortable was not
because I felt sexually threatened but did
not want to speak anymore of my private life
As we were driving back he placed his hand
on my knee for a short moment not in the way
of sexual advancement but to reinforce a point I
he was making in conversation This gesture
did not make me feel uncomfortable in any way I
There were no other incidents when Mr Fawcett I
touched me He often complimented my appearance I
but did not make me feel uncomfortable and I I
was not offended by this in any way I
appreciated his compliment
The signed statement of witness D provided to the
investigator states as follows
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I am employed as a Radio Operator with the
Emergency Health Services at the Ministry of
Health
I formerly worked at Georgian CACC where Mr
Bill Fawcett was the manager I was the
successful candidate for a competition at Georgian
CACC for a full-time classified position in
approximately April of 1990
Prior to the above noted competition I called
Mr Fawcett to discuss the competition with him
I advised him that I would be travelling to the~
area to check out housing and schools and that
I might drop in to see the C A C C centre
When I visited the area I sat and chatted with Mr
Fawcett in his office, for about an hour We
discussed, among other things, that certain staff
would be leaving Georgian CACC and there was the
possibility of a supervisory position becoming
vacant.
Mr Fawcett asked me what I was doing later in the
evening and suggested that he would come over to my
motel around 9 p m The purpose of this meeting was
to discus questions that would be on the competition
This was suggested by Mr Fawcett
My husband had accompanied me on this trip When
we returned to the motel that evening, Mr Fawcett
was waiting in the lobby I introduced my husband,
but it was my impression that Mr. Fawcett was
surprised to see him Mr Fawcett visited with myself
and my husband in our hotel room for approximately
1 1/2 hours.
I mentioned the competition questions several
times. Mr Fawcett did not discuss the competition
questions, he just put it off and said you'll be OK
One of the things I remember Mr Fawcett discussing
with me and my husband were the sexual harassment
charges against Mr Fawcett by Trish Courtenay Mr
Fawcett indicated that these were a "crock"
Mr Fawcett asked my husband if he could find
something to do for 3 or 4 hours the next day
because he wanted to show me the Human Resources
Office in Penetang and other ambulance bases in
the area
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I then called Mr Fawcett the next day, to check
that everything was OK for the trip to penetang I
got the impression that something was wrong Mr
Fawcett's mannerisms on the phone was totally
different I felt that he was cool and blunt Mr
Fawcett explained that something had come up and
he couldn't make the trip He told me that I could
come back down to the office if I wanted to I
declined to do so
There was no further contact with Mr Fawcett till
the interview for the competition I was successful
in that competition
About one month after I had been working at Georgian
CACC Mr Fawcett called me at home He asked me why
I didn't invite him up to my house for coffee He
called once every couple of weeks for about 6 months
and made the same suggestion I never invited Mr
Fawcett to my home I told Mr Fawcett that I was
very busy, or I didn't want to, or I just kind of
laughed
On several occasions he invited me to his office
and again suggested that I should invite him up to
my home for coffee I felt that Mr Fawcett was
"coming on to me"
I never felt threatened for my job even though I
was on probationary status.
Mr Fawcett also had a habit of calling back to the
Centre shortly after he had left for the day and
engaging in small talk that was not related to
office work in any way I found this behaviour
very unusual
On another occasion Mr Fawcett called me into his
office and asked me if I was going to apply for a
supervisory position I can't remember his exact
words but he indicated something like "If you
scratch our backs we'll scratch yours" I said
"fine" and walked out of the office
I felt that this was a threat and a sexual
invitation I felt that Mr Fawcett was insinuating
that if I "came across" I would get the job I
never confronted Mr Fawcett about this I
wondered if I did not get the job because I was
not being more "friendly" to Mr Fawcett
I sat the interview for the job but it was awarded
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to Lloyd Phillips
After the competition I chose to avoid Mr Fawcett
as much as possible and limited our conversations to
work only There was stress related to the jOb of
just having to deal with this guy (Mr Fawcett) You
always wondered what he would do next
I decided to transfer to Lindsay because I did not
want to work with Mr Fawcett He had stopped
bothering me but I saw the same pattern being
repeated with other employees For example, I
noticed that he was phoning [name deleted] a new
employee at work after just leaving I was tired
of it and I just wanted out
I was not aware of sexual harassment I had not
seen any material on sexual harassment I felt
unknowledgeable and had never had to deal with
this type of behaviour before I never reported
to anyone in management
The relevant portion of the statement of witness A is as
follows
I am employed as a Communications Operator with the
Emergency Health Services at the Ministry of Health
at Georgian Central Ambulance Communications Center
My manager is Mr Bill Fawcett
On October 9, 1984 approximately, I had my first
meeting with Mr. Fawcett During this meeting Mr
Fawcett noted that I was a single parent and
asked me whether I had babysitting problems He
asked me about who I was dating and if it caused
any problems at work At the time I was dating an
attendant from Barrie Mr. Fawcett then proceeded
to ask me who the boss was when my friend and
I are together and who gave the directions He
winked at me and stated something like if I had to
give him any directions then to do so I construed
"when we were together" to mean when we were in bed
At this point I left the office I was taken aback
by his comments. I had never had an experience of
this nature before I found his comments to be
inappropriate and of a personal nature I didn't
think that he should be allowed to ask me these
types of questions I felt these cpmments were of
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20
a sexual nature
After I left I wondered if I had misinterpreted
the comments or that maybe he (Fawcett) was just
joking
I decided to go back and see Mr Fawcett I thought
that we had started on the wrong foot He
continued to ask questions about my personal life
I told him that I didn't think he should be saying
some of the things that he had said I was concerned
about my position as a employee I needed the work
Shortly after this meeting Janice wilton and Patricia
Courtenay approached me and asked me if Mr Fawcett
had said anything out of line. I told them what
had happened in the October 26, 1984 meeting The
three of us had a meeting with Fred Rusk, the
Regional Manager of Region #3 He asked us to write
everything that we could remember He told us that
he had to tell Mr Fawcett that his comments were
inappropriate I understand that Janice and
Patricia had a meeting with Mr Fawcett I told
Mr Rusk that I had already told Mr Fawcett that
his comments were inappropriate There was never
any other follow up on this or the written
statement that I provided to Mr Rusk at the time
To the best of my knowledge Mr Rusk retained a
copy of my written statement
Mr Fawcett had a habit of putting his hand on
your shoulder and did this to me I never told
him not to do it and I didn't think about it at
the time. I didn't like it when he did this, it
made me feel uncomfortable
On Thursday October 11, 1984 I met with Mr Fawcett
again to resolve our differences from the meeting
of October 9, 1984 I needed the job because of
my children Mr Fawcett made the statement "I
can make you or break you" He asked me how
badly I needed the job I took this statement to
mean that I would probably have to do something
I didn't want to do to get the job I took the
statement [sic] that I might have to go to bed with him
to get the job There was no other conclusion
that I could have corne to I was doing a good
job and there was nothing else I could do to
keep the job
In May of 1985, following medical problems because
of a head injury I had been requested to return
8,
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my uniforms to Georgian CACC I stopped into the
office to discuss the possibility of returning to
work after my medical problems were resolved He
said to me I told you that I would win This
referred back to the statement when he said I
would make you or break you He was now saying
to me that he had done it This time I left the
office in tears, it was not the first time I
left his office in tears I decided to go back
and try to talk to him one more time
I said to him that I was concerned about coming
back to work At this point in time he left his
desk and walked behind my chair and put his hand
on my shoulder and his hand started moving down
the front of my chest As he was doing this he
said maybe we can work something out.
At this point in time I was upset with his remarks
and actions I quickly stood up and hit him in
the side of his face with my fist and left the
office. Although, the door was partially open
to his office I'm not sure if anyone may have
heard the slap I never swore at him, I never
got a letter of apology from him or a note made
on my file about this incident He never
attempted to call me about the incident again
I did not report this incident to anyone
As a result of this I have never been in the office
of Mr. Fawcett when closed the door [sic], if we were
alone He once asked me if I was ever going to
close the door and I told him no
After my medical problems were resolved I completed
the ambulance attendant course In the first part
of 1988 I put in an application for a jOb. I
heard from the staff at the Center that they were
short staffed. I called Mr Fawcett 3 or 4 times
to see if there was any work and was always told
that he didn't need anyone
In August of 1988 he called me at five minutes to
9:00 in the morning and asked if I was still
interested in work I went to work that same day
but by this time the Center was extremely short
staffed In my opinion, the only reason I was
called in is because he was desperate for help
I was successful in a competition in Dec of 1988
Two other people, Lloyd Phillips and Allen Kelly
were hired as well The selection committee was
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composed of Bill Higginson, Sandra Caldwell and
Bill Fawcett
I was appointed to the classified staff after
successfully completing my probationary period
I didn't apply for a supervisor's position
because that would increase my contact with Bill
Fawcett When you are a supervisor you ordinarily
have to work more closely with Bill in his office
I have felt that my performance evaluations were
accurate I was not dissatisfied with them, but
Bill still acts as if there are problems
In her statement, witness G referred to a situation in
which she felt that Mr Fawcett "would have made a pass", if her
husband had left the room, however she acknowledges that her
perception may have been incorrect She does state that
Some of the other staff at the centre called me
"the golden girl" They thought I could do no
wrong I was called this because of the way I
was treated by Mr. Fawcett 'He was there if
something happened or I needed help If the
ambulance drivers complained, Mr Fawcett would
always stick up for me I felt that Mr Fawcett's
attitude towards me changed after I got pregnant
I felt a coldness and the attention that was there
had gone
On March 22, 1993 a second stage grievance meeting was
held Mr G Brand, Mr R Krakauer, Human Resources and Mr
Armstrong were in attendance on behalf of management Mr Brand
rendered a second stage reply dated April 8, 1993 wherein he
noted that the investigation report had been reviewed The I
relevant portion of his response states as follows
Emergency Health Services Branch Management and
the Union were in basic agreement with the findings
of the report
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The Union stated that it was their opinion that the
respondent's employment should be terminated
immediately
Management cited that the grievor has continued to
work with the respondent without incident since
the grievance was filed Further, the grievor has
not suffered any losses as a result of this situation
Therefore, it was management's position that the
respondent should be appropriately disciplined but
not have his employment terminated
Management also offered to develop a training plan
for all managers in the Emergency Health Services
system in regard to "Workplace Harassment and
Discrimination It was suggested by management that
this could be a joint initiative with OPSEU
After reviewing all of the information, and the
positions put forward by both parties, I find
there is substance to the complaint Therefore,
management will be meeting with the respondent
and depending on the results of that meeting,
will take appropriate action
A summary of that meeting prepared by Mr Brand which
was forwarded to the Union indicates that the following action
would be taken without delay and on a without prejudice basis.
1 Mr Fawcett will be suspended without pay
for thirty days
2 A letter will be placed on his file indicating
the seriousness with which this matter is viewed
and warning that a further incident will result
in termination
3 A training plan will be developed and provided
to Mr Fawcett to address harassment prevention
and management skills development
4 A training program will be developed for all
managers in the EHS system OPSEU will be
invited to assist in this as a joint venture
On April 8, 1993 Mr Fawcett, along with other managers
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who report to Mr. Armstrong and their administrative support
staff attended a one day workshop dealing with sexual harassment
issues Mr Armstrong testified that following the second stage
meeting he spoke to Mr. Brand and expressed the view that such a
suspension would not be in accordance with s 13 of Regulation
997 of the Public Service Act in that a hearing was not held to
allow Mr Fawcett to respond to the allegations against him. The
Union took issue with the validity of that view however given our
ultimate conclusion this is not a matter that we need to address
The result was that by letter dated April 7, 1993 Mr Brand
advised Ms Anderson that the decision had been withdrawn and
"will be revised in a separate communication to you"
A pre-disciplinary hearing was conducted on April 23,
1993, chaired by Mr. Armstrong. Mr Fawcett was provided with an
opportunity to put forward his position in relation to the
conclusions of the investigator Mr Fawcett submitted a written
statement which he provided to this Board on the first day of
hearing Mr Fawcett essentially denied the allegations His
statement includes the following remark "At no time did I have a
conversation with the grievor about how passionate the grievor
must be in bed nor any similar conversation I did not stroke
the grievor's hair, nor was there any discussion about my wife,
her husband or children". He denied treating the grievor any
differently following the December 4, 1990 trip He suggested
that witness A may have confusecl him with his former supervisor,
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25
that there was no change in his treatment of witness G after she
became pregnant but, rather, that he was "very patient with her
given her mood swings and hostile attitude at work" during her
pregnancy and that witness D was motivated by malice toward him
due to his pointing out deficiencies in her work performance. He
acknowledges that he did state to witness E that she was "very
attractive/pretty" when she showed him pictures of her modelling
sleepwear He states that "I have no recollection of ever
commenting t,o witness E about an interest in older men, although
she had commented something to that effect " Mr Fawcett had
issued similar denials in his statement to the investigator who
had provided him with the statements of the grievor and witness
E He had not, however, been given an opportunity to comment on
the statements of the other witnesses
Mr. Armstrong testified that he did not give "much
weight" to Mr. Fawcett's denials He did not accept that Mr
Fawcett did not engage in sexual harassment but, rather, accepted
the findings of the investigator In discussion with Mr Brand
and an employee in personnel, it was determined that a ten day
suspension was appropriate A longer suspension was considered
to be unduly harsh Mr Armstrong referred to the loss of income
associated with a ten day suspension He also referred to the
fact that there had been no further incidents following the
letter of counselling that he had issued following receipt of the
Courtenay decision As well, he indicated that it was his
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understanding that the maximum suspension that could be imposed
under the Public Service Act was twenty working days He
referred to Mr Fawcett's lengthy service He testified that he
considered a transfer but did not choose this option because Mr
Fawcett wishes to remain in the workplace
In cross-examination Mr Armstrong was referred to a March,
1992 human resources directive entitled "Workplace Discrimination
and Harassment prevention", and in particular, the following
portion
Factors to consider
The following factors should be considered when deciding
on appropriate disciplinary action
- how serious the offence was that precipitated the
discipline,
- the severity of the consequences to the complainant
of the harassment or discriminatory act, for example
denial of a promotion, exclusion from a training
program, lost work time as a result of physical or
emotional trauma suffered;
- whether the offender has previously committed any other
violations of the directive,
- the ongoing nature of the discrimination or harassment,
that is, the period of time over which it occurred,
- whether or not the complainant was subjected to coercion,
assault, threats or reprisals,
- whether the offender's conduct was premeditated or
repetitive, or was a momentary and emotional incident,
perhaps provoked by someone else,
- if harassment, the nature of the harassment was it
verbal, physical or both,
- the degree of offensiveness, aggressiveness or physical
contact in the harassment,
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27
- the frequency of the harassment,
- an abuse of power, authority, or assigned responsibilities
where a prohibited ground is involved,
- public embarrassment or wilful or reckless damage to the
complainant's status in the workplace or in the community,
- taking advantage of vulnerability on the part of the
complainant, for example due to personal situation,
employment situation, personality, or isolated location;
- wilful or reckless damage to victim's self-esteem,
emotional health, or ability to function effectively at
work,
- length of service,
- disciplinary record
Mr Armstrong acknowledged that many of these factors weighed
unfavourably against Mr Fawcett
Mr Armstrong testified that he had determined that there
would not be an assistant manager position and that the shift I
schedule would be changed, which would affect Ms Anderson's I
shift He testified tbat these decisions were communicated to
Mr Fawcett in April, 1991, however this was subsequent to the
shift change affecting the grievor Mr Armstrong's evidence is
puzzling as it relates to the assistant manager position as in
Mr Fawcett's written response to the allegations he indicates
that a R03 position was kept open between May and October 1991 in
anticipation that it might be converted to an assistant manager
position. Mr Armstrong further testified that he considered
that Mr Fawcett had provided a justification for the shift
change However, he acknowledged that these matters did not
r
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28
cause him to reject the findings of the report Ms Crawford
advised that there was no dispute that the shift change was a
reprisal by Mr Fawcett against Ms Anderson
Mr Armstrong issued a letter to Mr Fawcett dated May
3 , 1993, the relevant portion of which states
Based on the allegations and information before
me, I have concluded that you sexually harassed
the complainant and discriminated against the
complainant on the basis of sex
Infractions of this nature are considered to be
a serious matter particularly when executed by
management level staff Managers are charged
with the responsibility to enforce the Ministry's
policies and the Collective Agreement as well
as protect employees from discrimination and
harassment
In considering discipline your previous record
and the severity of the infractions 'were
considered Based on these factors I must advise
you that in accordance with section 22(2) of the
Public Service Act you are being removed from
employment for a period of ten (10) working days
without pay This removal will commence on May 6,
1993 and you are to return to work on May 20, 1993
You have already attended a harassment and
discrimination workshop on April 8, 1993 and should
now be fully aware of the policies and guidelines
regarding these issues as well as management's
responsibilities Therefore, any further incidents
of this nature may result in your immediate dismissal
from the Public Service
Ms Anderson testified that Mr Fawcett was allowed to
take vacation in conjunction with his suspension, a matter which
in her view undermined the discipline that was imposed Mr
Armstrong stated that Mr Fawcett was entitled to take vacation
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29
and he did not feel that it was inappropriate to allow him to do
so
Ms Anderson testified that subsequent to these events
her working relationship with Mr Fawcett has b~en "tense" She
states that she tries to avoid contact with him and does not feel
comfortable being in a room where he is present She testified
that she no longer follows up on her ideas because to do so would
involve contact with Mr Fawcett She feels that the penalty
--:f::~ imposed on Mr Fawcett was inadequate and that even a thirty day
suspension would not be adequate Ms Anderson feels that given
all of the events it is not appropriate for her to be required to
continue to work under Mr Fawcett's supervision She expressed
the view that her transfer would be inappropriate as she is not
the cause of these circumstances Ms Anderson testified that
her lack of insistence on a severance of the working relationship
pending resolution of her grievance was because she felt that she
was strong enough to deal with the situation on a temporary basis
but was not an indication that the working relationship was one
that continued to be viable
Mr Armstrong testified that written information
regarding sexual harassment has been provided to employees and
there is a poster dealing with this topic in the workplace He
testified that he has requested a training session on this issue
for members of the bargaining unit but that this training has not
._~
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30
been provided Mr Armstrong acknowledged that there currently
exists a "difficult work environment"
I was referred to the following provisions of the
Collective Agreement
PREAMBLE
1 The purpose of this Agreement between the Employer
and the Union is to establish and maintain
(a) satisfactory working conditions and terms of
employment for all employees who are subject
to this Agreement,
(b) a proc~dure for the prompt and equitable
handling of grievances and disputes
ARTICLE A - NO DISCRIMINATIONI
EMPLOYMENT EQUITY
A.1 There shall be no discrimination practised by
reason of race, ancestry, place of origin, colour,
ethnic origin, citizenship, creed, sex, sexual
orientation, age, marital status, family status,
or handicap, as defined in section 9(1) of the
ontario Human Rights Code (OHRC)
SEXUAL HARASSMENT
27 10.1 All employees covered by this Agreement have a
right to freedom from harassment in the work-
place because of sex by his or her employer
or agent of the employer or by another employee
Harassment means engaging in a course of
vexatious comment or conduct that is known or
ought reasonably to be known to be unwelcome
27 10 2 Every employee covered by this Collective
Agreement has a right to be free from,
( a) a sexual solicitation or advance made
by a person in a position to confer,
grant or deny a benefit or advancement
to the employee where the person making
the solicitation or advance knows or
ought reasonably to know that it is
unwelcome, or
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31
(b) a reprisal or a threat of reprisal for the
rejection of a sexual solicitation or
advance where the reprisal is made or
threatened by a person in a position to
confer, grant or deny a benefit or
advancement to the employee
27.10.3 1 The time limits set out in section 27 2 1 do
not apply to complaints under this Article,
provided that the complaint is made within a
reasonable time of the conduct complained of,
having regard to all the circumstances
27 10 3 2 Where, at any time either before the making
of a complaint or the filing of a grievance
under Article 27, the Employer establishes an
investigation of the complaint, or the employee
agrees to the establishment of such an
investigation, pursuant to any staff relations
policy or other procedure of the Employer, the
time limits for the processing of the complaint
or grievance under Article 27 shall be
suspended until the employee is given notice in
writing of the results of the investigation
27 10 3 3 Where a complaint under this Article is made
against an employee's supervisor, or any person
with supervisory responsibilities at a higher
level over the employee, any oral complaint or
written grievance which is expressed in Article
27 to be presented to the supervisor may be
presented directly to the Deputy Minister, or
the Deputy Minister's designee, or any person
appointed by the Deputy Minister specifically
to deal with complaints or grievances under
this provision
27 10 4 Where it appears to the Grievance Settlement
Board that an employee who is a grievor under
this Article has made a complaint under the
ontario Human Rights Code relating to the
conduct which is the subject of the grievance,
the Grievance Settlement Board may, as it sees
fit, adjourn the grievance, stay the grievance,
or dismiss the grievance
27 10 5 An employee who makes a complaint under this
Article may be accompanied and represented
by an employee representative at the time of
the discussion of the complaint, as each stage
of the grievance procedure, and in the course
of any investigation established by the Employer
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32
under any staff relations policy
It is the position of the Union that the actions taken
by the Employer are not sufficient to remedy the violation of the
Collective Agreement It is the Union's position that we should
order that Mr Fawcett's employment be terminated In the
alternative it is submitted that the Board should direct that he
be removed from the workplace with the Employer being left with
-
the discretion to determine how to achieve this with the caveat
that such removal must not be a promotion It is submitted that
in the event that such an order is made the Board should remain
seized to monitor his actions In the further alternative it is
the position of the Union that the initial decision of Mr Brand
to impose a thirty day suspension must be considered to be final
in terms of the penalty and one which could not be resiled from
in terms of a reduced suspension The Union also seeks an award
of $3000 00 to the grievor In addition, the Union requests that
the Employer seek direction from the Human Rights Commission or
other professional consultant to seek assistance in setting up a
program to remedy what the Union contends is a poisoned work
environment The Union further requests that training with
respect to sexual harassment be provided to members of management
responsible for dealing with this matter As well, the Union
requests that members of the bargaining unit be provided with
training that will address their right to be free from harassment
and discrimination in the workplace, definitions of harassment
~
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33
and discrimination, the processes to deal with complaints,
definition of poisoned workplace and the steps to be taken by the
Employer to remedy that situation in the event that the Board so
orders It is the position of the Employer that the actions that
have been taken are sufficient to remedy the acknowledged breach
of the Collective Agreement Ms Crawford concurred with the
Union's position that the Board has broad remedial jurisdiction
but submitted in the event that it is determined that the remedy
provided is inadequate the appropriate approach is to allow the
Employer latitude in further fas'hioning an appropriate remedy
while remaining seized of the matter In particular, Ms
Crawford submitted that the focus of the Board should be remedial
and not punitive
Ms Ursel referred us to the provisions of the Human I
I
Riqhts Code and there were a number of bases upon which she I
submitted that this Board has jurisdiction to interpret and apply I
these provisions In partiCUlar, she referred us to Ministry of
Correctional Services and OPSEU (Ross) , 945/93 (Gorsky) wherein
at p 23 the decision states
We conclude, as did the board in Kimmel/Leaf, that
the introduction of Article A effected a significant
change in that the wording of that article indicated
that the parties intended to incorporate human rights
concerns and the ontario Human Riqhts Code into the
collective agreement. This would appear to have been
a response to cases such as Aubin and Beintner
However, an analysis of the provisions of the Code is unnecessary
given the language of the Collective Agreement here and the
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34
Board's remedial authority There are some provisions of the
Code that specifically address remedial issues but given our
ultimate conclusions it is unnecessary to address the issue of
our authority to apply the remedial provisions of the Code
The jurisprudence on sexual harassment was reviewed at
some length in the Courtenay decision Reference is made to the
decision of the Supreme Court of Canada in Janzen v. Platy
Enterprises Ltd. (1989) , 89 CLLC P 17,011 and it is appropriate
to consider the situation before us in the context of the
exhaustive analysis of this issue by the country's highest
judicial authority At pp 78-79 the Board comments on that
decision as follows
The Court made an extensive examination of the literature
and case law on sexual harassment in its determination
that sexual harassment was a form of sexual discrimination
within the meaning of the Manitoba Human Riqhts Act At
page 16,072, Chief Justice Dickson wrote
Emerging from those various legislative proscriptions
is the notion that sexual harassment may take a
variety of forms Sexual harassment is not
limited to demands for sexual favours made under
threats of adverse job consequences should the
employee refuse to comply with the demands
Victims of harassment need not demonstrate that
they were not hired, were denied a promotion or
were dismissed from employment as a result of
their refusal to participate in sexual activity
This form of harassment, in which the victim
suffers concrete economic loss for failing to
submit to sexual demands, is simply one mani-
festation of sexual harassment, albeit a
particularly blatant and ugly one Sexual
harassment also encompasses situations in
which sexual demands are foisted upon unwilling
employees or in which employees must endure
sexual gropings, propositions, and inappropriate
comments, but (where] no tangible economic
.
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35
rewards are attached to involvement in the
behaviour
The Chief Justice adopted a dictum of the U S Court of
Appeals for the 11th Circuit in Henson v. Dundee, 682
F 2d 897 (1982) as follows
Sexual harassment which creates a hostile or
offensive environment for members of one sex
is every bit the arbitrary barrier to sexual
equality at the workplace that racial
harassment is to racial equality Surely, a
requirement that a man or woman run a gauntlet
of sexual abuse in return for the privilege
of being allowed to work and make a living can
be as demeaning as the harshest of racial
epithets
(89 CLLC at page 16,073)
His lordship then continued'
Without seeking to provide an exhaustive definition
of the term, I am of the view that sexual
harassment in the workplace may be broadly defined
as unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature that
detrimentally affects the work environment or
I leads to adverse job-related consequences for
the victims of the harassment It is, as
Adjudicator Shime observed in Bell v. Lada,
supra, and as has been widely accepted by other
adjudicators and academic commentators, an abuse
of power. When sexual harassment occurs in the
workplace, it is an abuse of both economic and
sexual power. Sexual harassment is a demeaning
practice, one that constitutes a profound affront
to the dignity of the employees forced to endure
it By requiring an employee to contend with
unwelcome sexual actions or explicit sexual
demands, sexual harassment in the workplace
attacks the dignity and self-respect of the
victim both as an employee and as a human being
The nature of the violation here is extremely serious
On the uncontradicted evidence before me it is clear that Mr
Fawcett has engaged in an abuse of his authority on a number of
occasions with a number of employees The continued supervisory
.
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relationship between Mr Fawcett and MS Anderson is one in which
he has authority or power over her In the particular
circumstances of this case, where there has been an abuse of Mr
Fawcett's power as a manager and a failure to acknowledge that
abuse, it is our view that Mr Fawcett's continued supervisory
responsibility in this work environment is simply untenable
While, as Ms Crawford emphasized, there is no indication of any
further incidents since Mr Fawcett was disciplined, this does
not alter our assessment that anything short of removing him from
this work environment situation is appropriate Ms Anderson,
like all employees is entitled to fully develop her potential in
an atmosphere that is conducive to that development The removal
of artificial or unfair barriers to allow employees to reach
their potential is the object of the provisions of the Collective
Agreement prohibiting discrimination and sexual harassment In
her current situation Ms Anderson quite understandably is
reluctant to make efforts to realize her potential in the
workplace Accordingly, Ms Anderson continues to bear the
burden of this situation That burden must be alleviated and we
agree with the Union's submission that in light of the particular
circumstances of this case nothing short of Mr Fawcett's removal
from his position is truly remedial We turn now to the issue of
how this ought to be achieved
In Courtenay, two awards dealing with the issue of
remedy for sexual harassment are reviewed, Re Canada Post
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Corporation and Canadian Union of Postal Workers, (1993) , 11
LAC (3d) 13 (Norman) and Re CUPE and Office and Professional
Employees' International Union, Local 491, (1982), 4 LAC (3d)
385 (Swinton) At p. 82 these decisions are assessed as follows
These decisions are somewhat ambiguous as to
what the scope of authority of a board of
arbitration is As a matter of policy, they
both in effect state that they do not think
that an arbitration board should be meting
out punishment or making punitive orders
against employees not subject to the collective
agreement from which they derive jurisdiction
As a matter of policy, I would agree that a board
of arbitration should not get itself into the
business of punishing non-bargaining unit employees
Even in the case of discipline of bargaining unit
employees, a board only reviews the discipline
originally imposed [by] the employer The
question of what remedies a board feels are
necessary to put an end to sexual harassment is
of course the real issue In that regard I
have [no] doubt that this board under s 19
of the Crown Emplovees Collective Bargaining
Act has extensive powers Indeed, the Divisional
Court has repeatedly reminded the Grievance
Settlement Board of the scope of its remedial
powers, as for example in the areas of job
classification and the Beresford type cases
The same is certainly true in the area of
sexual harassment Of course, for any order
made by this board either directly against
such a non-bargaining unit employee or indirectly
imposed by an order directed to the employer
under which that non-bargaining unit employee
is effectively ordered to be transferred, the
rules of natural justice must be ,complied with
We have done so in this case by giving Fawcett
full status The real question therefore is
not what powers this board has, but what specific
orders ought to be made on the facts in a case if
a violation has been found
We agree with the position that the appropriate focus is
remedy rather than punishment However, we wish to note
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parenthetically that it is strikes us as extremely surprising
that Mr Armstrong in effect reduced the penalty previously
imposed notwithstanding his conclusion that Mr Fawcett was not
being truthful and indeed, had compounded his actions by casting
aspersions on others. We further note that s 13(1) of Regulation
977, which we understand is the basis of Mr Armstrong's view
that a penalty of twenty days is the maximum suspension that
could be imposed under the Public Service Act deals with
suspensions pending investigation, which was not the situation
before him. However, these observations are not the focus of our
determination in this matter
We also agree with the thrust of Ms Crawford's
submission that as a matter of principle it is appropriate to
provide the least intrusive remedy possible, provided of course,
that it is sufficient to remedy the violation It is our
conclusion that to direct the Employer to discharge the grievor
would be inappropriate and unnecessary as the violation can be
remedied more appropriately by simply directing the Employer to
remove him from his supervisory position in this particular work
environment The Employer may take whatever action it deems
necessary in order to achieve this removal, that is a matter
between the Employer and Mr Fawcett The one caveat that must
be attached to this direction however, is that any action that
the Employer takes must not be one that can be viewed as an
obvious benefit to Mr Fawcett, such as a promotion While we
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have considered the Union's submission that not specifically
directing the severance of Mr Fawcett's employment may result in
a situation where he continues to be employed elsewhere in the
Ministry and such activity on the part of Mr Fawcett may recur,
this is a matter that the Employer will, if it continues Mr
Fawcett's employment, no doubt take great care to avoid This
matter does not compel us to conclude that an order directing his
dismissal is mandated by the circumstances We are of the same
view in connection with the Union's request that the Board remain
seized for the purposes of monitoring Mr Fawcett's continued
employment, the kind of order contemplated by s 41(2) of the
Human Rights Code We are not persuaded that an order for
damages is appropriate here In Re Canada Post, supra, an
arbitrator ordered damages in a sexual harassment case, however
in that case the arbitrator found that the employer had failed to
conduct a meaningful investigation into the allegations Ms
Crawford relied on a decision of the Human Rights Commission in
Shaw v. Levac SupplY Ltd. 14 C H R R 36 in support of the
proposition that by virtue of s 44(1) of the Code the Employer
~
is not liable for damages Ms Ursel submitted that liability
could be viewed as flowing from other provisions of the Code and
that in any event s 44(1) is properly viewed as a statutory
minimum and the Employer's liability flows from the provisions of
the Collective Agreement and our statutory obligation pursuant to
s 19(1) of the Crown Employees Collective Barqaininq Act to
"decide the matter" We need not address this issue Although
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this experience has clearly been an ordeal for Ms Anderson, in
the circumstances before us we are not persuaded that we ought to
order the Employer to pay damages for mental anguish to Ms
Anderson with respect to the issue of training for the members
of the bargaining unit, we find it startling that Mr Armstrong's
request for training has gone unheeded We direct that training
for the bargaining unit in the form requested by the Union be
provided forthwith While we decline to specifically order at
this point that an outside organization provide this assistance,
we direct that management take whatever further steps are
necessary to deal what we find to be a poisoned work environment
with respect to the Union's request for training for senior
management, this request appears to be directed at Union's
dissatisfaction with the way the matter was dealt with by Mr
Armstrong. We are not persuaded that a direction that senior
management be provided with training is appropriate, however Mr
Armstrong will obviously be involved in the training that we have I
ordered be provided to the bargaining unit employees and its
implications for the workplace
The grievance is allowed and in accordance with the
foregoing the Employer is required to take further measures to
remedy the violation of the Collective Agreement We retain
jurisdiction to deal with any difficulties that the parties may
experience in the implementation of this decision
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experience in the implementation of this decision
Dated at Toronto, this 16th day of September, 1994
C)tM ~-t
S L Stewart- Vice-Chairperson
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~ E Seymour - Member
:... \ ~~~..~ ~~ ~
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0 Montrose - Member
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