HomeMy WebLinkAbout1993-0141.Nunn.95-04-10
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\ EMPLOYeS DE LA COURONNE
ONTARIO
CROWN EMPLOYEES DE L'ONTARIO
1111 GRIEVANCE COMMISSION DE .-
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SETTLEMENT REGlEMENT \"-, \
BOARD DES GRIEFS {\\.C\ IIJ I~ I.. I .
180 DUNDAS STREET WEST SUITE 2100, TORONTO, ONTARIO, M5G lZ8 TELEPHONE/TELEPHONE, (416) 326-1388
180, RUE DUNDAS OUEST BUREAU 2100 TORONTO (ONTARIO) MSG lZ8 FACSIMILE ITELECOPIE (416) 326-1396
GSB# 141/93
OPSEU# 93D150
IN THE HATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
OPSEU (Nunn)
Grievor
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Correctional services)
Employer
BEFORE S Kaufman Vice-Chairperson
J C Laniel Member
D. Montrose Member
FOR THE L. Yearwood
GRIEVOR Grievance Officer
Ontario Public Service Employees union
FOR THE A Gulbinski
EMPLOYER Grievance Administration Officer
Ministry of the Solicitor General &
Correctional Services
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HEARING February 17, 1995 \
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DECISION
The grievor, William L. Nunn, a classified Correctional
Officer 2, grieves that the Deputy Minister has declined to
pay his lawyer's bill for the defense of criminal charges
laid against him regarding his alleged conduct while on the
premises of his place of employment, the Hamilton-Wentworth
Detention Centre He seeks full restitution for the expen-
ses he incurred in defending himself against the charges
The panel was advised that the grievor was disciplined
and subsequently exonerated for the alleged conduct that
resulted in the criminal charges, and that ultimately the
grievor was not convicted of the charges. It was advised
that the employer has a discretionary policy to reimburse
employees who must defend themselves against criminal charges
arising from allegations of criminal conduct during the exe-
cution of their duties. It was advised that the grievor ap-
proached his Superintendent before the charges were disposed
of in criminal court and requested financial assistance in
covering his legal costs, and that the Superintendent immedi-
ately irtfonned him that assistance would not be provided.
The grievor's complaint is that the employer did not
exercise its discretion in accordance with its past practice
The panel was advised that the grievor's request was dismis-
sed cursorily, that he had pursued that matter of the refusal
and has yet to be advised of the reasons for it The union
submitted the employer's conduct was unreasonable
Prior to evidence being adduced, the employer raised a i
preliminary objection as to jurisdiction and, asked the panel \
to rule on the objection before evidence was called. It sub-
mitted that the policy at issue was one that was entirely
discretionary and within the scope of management rights, that
the collective agreement is silent on the subject of reim-
bursement for legal fees, that in the past the GSB has dec-
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lined to award a grievor costs in lieu of legal fees and dis-
bursements for representation at an arbitration hearing, that
such expenses have been determined not to be damages, which
might otherwise be within the jurisdiction of a board to
award, and that therefore this board has no jurisdiction to
consider the grievor's complaint It referred the panel to
Re Ontario Public Service Employees Union and Ontario Public
Service Staff Union, (1984) , 16 L A.C. (3d) 278 (Swan) and
Humphries (1373/89) in ,support of its submissions. It refer-
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red the board specifically to the following passage, at p 10
in Humphries:
As there is no system of costs in the public
sector, to award the grievor his costs, the Board
would effectively be creating a system of costs,
whereby either party could seek counsel and seek
reimbursement of its costs under the guise of
damages, thereby circumventing the system which has
been established by by (sic) the legislature in the
enabling statute and by the parties in the collec-
tive agreement.
for the reasons the GSB has declined to award costs, and
therefore to award legal fees and disbursements
The employer also submitted, and it was not in dispute,
that the charges against the grievor were in respect of al-
leged conduct which was not related to the performance of his
duties and which was unrelated to his employment, although
the alleged conduct was alleged to have taken place on the
employer's premises. It referred the panel to Public Service
Grievance Board cases, Callaghan, p/0009189 and Daley,
P/OOO27/91 It noted that although in Callaghan the PSGB had
awarded the grievor his legal costs after a particularly un-
usual chain of events leading to his improper release, in \ j
Daley the PSGB confirmed the j'general and long-standing poli- \
cy . not to award legal costs to grievors" It also provided
us with Jones, P0012/89 as authority for the proposition that
where the PSGB finds no impropriety on the part of the em-
ployer, it should not deviate from its policy not to award
legal costs
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The union submitted that none of the cases provided by
the employer were on point It submitted that the employer's
policy with respect to reimbursement of employees for legal
fees and disbursements states that the decision must flow
from the Deputy Minister. It submitted that while there may
be no clear violation of the Collective Agreement, the
panel's jurisdiction to hear this case on the merits is found
in Art 7 of the Crown Employees' Collective Bargaining Act,
1993, S o. 1993, c 38 It placed reliance on the incorpora-
tion of certain provisions of the Labour Relations Act,
R S.O. 1990, c. L.2 and the exclusion of certain other provi-
sions in that Act, and particularly the following in s. 7 (3)
of the Crown Employees' Collective Bargaining Act, 1993:
Every collective agreement relating to Crown
employees shall be deemed to provide for the final
and binding settlement by arbitration by the Grie-
vance Settlement Board, ... of all differences . . .
It submitted that under s. 45(8)1 of the Labour Relations Act
an arbitration board has the power "to determine the nature
of the differences in order to address their real substance"
and urged the panel to hear the evidence as to the merits of
the dispute. It submitted that the employer had not applied
its own policy of reimbursement, and that this panel should
review the circumstances of the exercise of discretion under
this policy and ultimately conclude that it must be exercised
in a fair and equitable manner. It submitted that until the
union has an opportunity to demonstrate that the employer had
not reached the threshold of the exercise of discretion, the
panel cannot address the real substance of the dispute. It
therefore urged the panel to hear the evidence
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The employer submitted that under the policy existing at ,
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the relevant time, the authority for the exercise of discre-
tion could be delegated to the level of Superintendent. It
submitted that the issue of reimbursement for legal fees and
disbursements is not in the collective agreement, and that
reliance on an implied duty of management to exercise its
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discretion with respect to this policy in a particular man~er
is an insufficient basis of jurisdiction. It submitted again
that its cases indicate that the GSB does not have the autho-
rity to order management to pay costs.
Re Ontario Public Service Employees Union and Ontario
Public Service Staff Union, supra, stands for the proposition
that it is doubtful that a panel of the Grievance Settlement
Board has the jurisdiction to award costs to an employer
where the union withdraws a grievance on the morning of the ~
hearing, in the absence of statutory authority or a clear
provision in the collective agreement. In that case the
Board relied upon the following "sununary of the jurispru-
dence" in Brown and Beatty, Canadian Labour Arbitration, 2nd
ed. (1984), p. 74, para 2:1430
Collective agreements customarily provide that
the costs of the arbitrator and the arbitration
proceeding are to be borne equally by the parties.
Counsel fees and legal costs, however, are rarely,
if ever, dealt with by the collective agreement and
the general view is that an arbitrator has nQ
jurisdiction, in the absence of an express provi-
sion in the agreement, to order that such costs be
paid by the losing party Rather, arbitrators have
assumed that, in view of the long-standing practice
of each party bearing its own costs, and because
the Labour Relations Act is silent on the matter,
an express provision granting the arbitrator such a
power would be required to support his making such
an order. Thus, even where the cause of the delay
and the resultant abortive hearing be attributed to
one party, one arbitrator expressed the view that
he had no authority to order that the costs associ-
ated therewith be paid by that party.
As this passage appears by and large unaltered in the 3rd
Edition of the same publication, it remains an accurate "sum- \Ii
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mary of the jurisprudence" Although it deals specifically II
with the authority of an arbitrator to award costs in an
arbitraton proceeding, it indicates the basis and limitation
of arbitrators' and arbitration panels' authority generally.
In Humphries, supra, the grievor retained a lawyer to
assist him prior to arbitration, at an investigatory hearing
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following a suspension. At the investigatory hearing, the
grievor was reinstated The employer conceded that the grie-
vor had been suspended without just cause The board stated
that the sole issue in dispute was whether the Ministry was
responsible for all costs incurred by the grievor. The board
noted that the GSB has the jurisdiction to award damages
flowing from an unjust suspension. It concluded that the
common~law principle of placing an aggrieved party in a mone-
tary position as near as possible to that in which he would
have been had the contract not been breached does not make
costs which are incurred for .legal representation damages.
The board concluded, supra, at p. 9, "These costs are not
damages which flowed from the grievor's unjust suspension,
but were costs related to presenting the grievor's position
at the hearing into the incident." It also distinguished
legal costs from the. loss of interest arising from the delay
in the payment of wages and the delay in reimbursement.
The panel was advised, and it was not in dispute, that
a volunteer at the Detention Centre was the complainant who
caused criminal charges to be laid against the grievor, ra-
ther than the employer. The legal costs of the grievor's
criminal defense, it was submitted, were not incurred as a
result of the employer's conduct, nor did they arise as a re-
sult of a breach of the collective agreement by the employer.
The panel has reviewed the policy in question. It is
identified as Ontario Ministry of Correctional Services Adult
Institutions Policy and Procedures, Subject Number ADI 02 03
01, April 1992, under the heading "Payment of Legal Fees" \ I
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It states "The ministry may reimburse employees for legal \
costs paid to private counsel where the conduct, which is the
subject of a criminal or civil proceeding, occurred while the
employee was on duty" It mandates 3 conditions which must
be met before payment will be made, including the employee
obtaining the written approval of the appropriate executive
manager and of the director, Legal Services, before retaining
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private counsel, and presentation of the legal account "to
the ministry in the form and manner prescribed by the Ontario
Legal Aid Plan" The policy stipulates
Reimbursement is not an employee right but is sub-
ject to the review of the deputy minister or desig-
nate After the review has been completed and in
the deputy minister's sole discretion, payment may
be authorized in total or in part or may be denied
The panel appreciates the grievor's and union's concern
that the employer may not have exercised its discretion in
respect of this policy in accordance with its terms, or in a
fair and equitable manner, or at all.
However, we note that but for the existence of the em-
ployer's administrative policy regarding reimbursement for
private counsel, in the absence of a term in the collective
agreement which provides employees the specific benefit of
reimbursement for legal costs paid to private counsel in
these circumstances, no employee would be entitled to reim-
bursement. We are unable to conclude that the employer, hav-
ing formulated a policy which reserves to it, albeit to the
deputy minister, the discretion to deny the benefit, and
which does not set out the terms under which the payment will
be authorized or denied, is obliged to submit its exercise of
that discretion to the scrutiny of this board. This panel
would expect that the employer, having created the policy,
would seek to preserve an appearance of fair and equitable
administration of the policy, in the interest of maintaining
a positive labour relations climate.
At the time this grievance arose, s 18 (1) of the \Crown \ ,;
Employees Collective Bargaining Act, R S 0 1990, C C.SO 1\
applied It states that matters within the description of
"the exclusive function of the employer to manage . will
not come within the jurisdiction of a board" However ar-
bitrary the administration of this policy may appear to the
grievor and the union to have been in this case, (and we do
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not conclude that it was in fact arbitrary) this panel con-
cludes that the administration of the policy falls under the
exclusive function of the employer "to manage".
This board derives its jurisdiction from the collective
agreement and the enabling statute Notwithstanding the
application of s 45(8) of the Labour Relations Act, supra,
it cannot determine its jurisdiction without reference to
theine The collective agreement is silent on the issue of
reimbursement for legal fees and expenses Neither the Crown
Employees' Collective Bargaining Act nor the Labour Relations
Act contain an express provision which extends the authority
of an arbitration panel to scrutinize an employer's exercise
of its own discretion to reimburse employees under a discre-
tionary policy
The Humphries board expressed reluctance to deal with
costs and reimbursement of legal fees for sound policy rea-
sons which have been set out above. This panel shares t~at
reluctance for similar reasons.
For all the foregoing reasons, the grievance is
dismissed.
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Dated at Toronto this 10th day of April , 1995.
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D. Montrose
Employer Nominee
J C Laniel
union Nominee
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