HomeMy WebLinkAbout1993-0967.MacMillan.96-03-14
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1111 SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT \'1'11
BOARD DES GRIEFS '~
180 DUNDAS STREET WEST SUITE 2100, TORONTO, ONTARIO, MSG IZ8 TELEPHONE/TELEPHONE (416) 326-1388
180, RUE DUNDAS OUEST BUREAU 2100 TORONTO (ONTARIO) MSG IZ8 FACSIMILE /TELECOPIE (416) 326-1396
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I OPSEU # 93E137
CRC',s - IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
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, ]::'vi;::1\JT Under
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THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
OPSEU (MacMillan)
Grievor
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The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Health)
Thames Valley Ambulance Limited
Employer
BEFORE: N Dissanayake Vice-Chairperson
S Urbain Member
D Montrose Member
FOR THE L Yearwood
GRIEVOR Grievance Officer
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
FOR THE P Whalen
EMPLOYER Barrister & Solicitor
HEARING September 13, 1995
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SUPPLEMENTARY DECISION
By decision dated January 13, 1995, the Board decided
Ms MacMillan's discharge grievance. with the employer member
partially dissenting, the Board ordered as follows at p. 22
Having regard to the nature of the grievor's
conduct and the mitigatory circumstances, we direct
that the grievor be reinstated in her position,
subject to a suspension without pay for a period,of
10 working shifts Subject to that penalty, the
grievor shall be entitled to be compensated for all
monies lost, benefits and seniority The Board
remains seized in the event the parties encounter
difficulty in the implementation of this award
On September 13, 1995 the Board reconvened in order to
deal with certain disagreements the parties had encountered in
the implementation of the Board order The resolution of the
issues was as follows
Compensation for the period of delay in reinstatinq the
grievor
The Board I s order was dated January 13, 1995 The
grievor was not reinstated until April 15, 1995 The employer
took the position that the delay occurred for two reasons
which were beyond its control First, since her discharge the
grievor had put on weight and her existing uniforms did not
fit. The manufacturer was not able to supply uniforms of the
proper size until April 15, 1995 Since the regulations
require ambulance attendants to be in uniform while on duty,
the employer was in no position to reinstate the grievor until
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the uniforms became available Secondly, while the grievor
was away following her discharge, she had missed the up-dating r
of her training which she would otherwise have received as
part of her employment She could not be reinstated ~ntil she
was provided with the update training required by the
regulations
In the circumstances the employer submitted that it was
not liable for compensating the grievor for the period of
delay in implementing the board's order to re-ihstate
The Board orally ruled that had the employer not
discharged the grievor in contravention of the collective
agreement, the uniform or updating of training would not have
been a problem, and that therefore the employer must be held
responsible for the consequences of its violation The Board
ruled that the grievor was entitled to be compensated for all
monies lost, benefits and seniority up to the date of actual
reinstatement on April 15, 1995
Hours of work
The parties disagreed as to the calculation of the number
of hours for which the grievor was to be compensated The
union sought compensation on the basis of 24 hours per week.
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Since there was no guarantee in the collective agreement
of 24 hours per week for part-time employees and since it is
common ground that the grievor had not regularly worked 24
hours per week, the Board ruled that the union's claim was not
justified The Board ruled that the grievor's entitlement
should be based on the hours actually worked by the grievor
during the period of one year preceding her discharge Two
issues must be factored into the calculation of the grievor's
entitlement First, the 10 working shift suspension imposed
by the Board must corne off her entitlement The parties were
directed to work-out the ratio of 12 hour and 8 hour shifts
worked by the employer in the preceding year to determine the
quantum of hours for the 10 working shift suspension
Secondly, it was agreed that the grievor was paid for the time
she spent receiving the update training prior to
reinstatement This amount of payment also must corne off her
compensation entitlement
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Vacation pay
While initially the employer had denied liability for
vacation pay, following discussion it was agreed that the
grievor was entitled to 4 percent vacation pay on the wages
calculated to be owing pursuant to the Board's order
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Rate of pay
There was disagreement as to the rate of pay at which the
grievor's back-wages ought to be calculated Specifically,
the issue arose as to whether the grievor possessed the
Advance Life Support certification during the period in
question The parties agreed to verify the appropriate rate
under the collective agreement and seek confirmation of the
grievor's status with regard to the ALS certification.
Interest
The employer pointed out that despite the union's request
for interest, the Board did not award any interest in its
award In the circumstances, the employer took the position
that the grievor was not entitled to interest
The Board ruled that in its order, it had merel~ made a
general direction to the employer to compensate the grievor
for "all ~onies lo~t" The Board did not consider and reject
the union's request for interest It left it to the parties
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to determine what the "monies lost" were and remained seized
in the event there was a dispute Since no reasons were
adduced as to why the grievor in this case should not be
entitled to interest, the Board directed that interest be
paid
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The emplover's evidence
Mr John Mercer, Operations Manager of the Thames Valley
Ambulance Ltd. testified that he conducted a survey of other
ambulance services within the zone in which Thames Valley Ambulance
Service was located, inquiring whether or not between June 1993 and
January 1995 there were any vacancies available for part-time
ambulance attendants. The Board was provided with a list of the
ambulance services and the individual within each service who
responded The survey indicated that during the period in question
a total of 42 part-time ambulance attendant positions became
available
The employer also filed 21 classified sections from issues of
the London Free Press between June 4, 1993 and January 6, 1995.
Each page included a section advertising vacancies in Restaurants
and hotels The London Free Press is a daily newspaper and the
exhibits were presented as a random sample indicative of the
vacancies available in the hospitality sector during the period in
question The advertisements are for an assortment of positions,
some fUll-time and some part-time, some requiring some skills and
experience and some unskilled
The union concedes that the grievor did not make application
to any of the ambulance services in the surrounding area during her
period of discharge. It was also not in dispute that she did not
apply for any jobs advertised in the newspapers, in the hospitality
sector or any other sector The grievor testified that she made
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verbal inquiries about possible employment opportunities at a golf
club and a restaurant, both located in London In addition, she
made and sold crafts - candles and flower arrangements - at 3 craft
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shows She testified that each show lasted 2 days and that on each
show day she worked approximately 10 hours Her total earnings
from the three craft shows amounted to $ 300.00. That was the
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extent of her attempts at mitigation
The employer takes the position that this is an' extreme case
of failure to mitigate. Counsel points out that the employer has
established that there were at least 42 vacancies available at the
same rank of part-time ambulance attendant which the grievor had
held, in the same zone where she had worked. The grievor had not
made any attempts to obtain any of these. Counsel submits further
that the duty to mitigate requires an employee to reduce
expectations and seek positions with lesser ranking and
remuneration, once it becomes apparent that that a comparable
position may not be available. Re Canada Post Corp. ( 1991) 21
LAC. (4th) 400. Thus it is contended that even if a part-time
ambulance attendant position was not available to the grievor, she
had the q.uty to seek alternate employment advertised in the
newspapers. She had failed to do this either.
The union submits that the survey conducted by Mr. Mercer was
not scientific. While some jobs may have been available, according
to the union, the critical factor here is that the gr ievor was
employed full-time as a dispatcher with the London City Police. It
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is contended that given her full-time employment with a rotating
shift schedule, there is no guarantee that the grievor would have
been able to obtain any of the jobs in the ambulance service sector
or the hospitality sector
Union counsel further submits that it would have been useless
for the grievor to have applied to any ambulance service, because
no employer would have hired an ambulance attendant who had been
discharged for allegedly refusing to do an assigned call and
repeatedly hanging up on the dispatcher. In the circumstances, it
is submitted that the grievor did not have to do anymore than she
did in order to discharge her duty to mitigate
In Re Construction Aqqreqates Ltd., ( 1991) 21 L. A,. C (4th) 370
(McPhillips), at p 374 the Board stated
Therefore, in assessing whether the grievor
mitigated his damages, the available job market must be
considered However, the less evidence there is with
regard to legitimate efforts made by the employee, the
less evidence will be required of the employer to show
there were available job~ which could possible have been
obtained Put another way, from a practical point of
view the evidentiary onus on an employer will increase in
proportion to the degree of effort which has been put
forth by the employee
In the present case the efforts at finding employment
undertaken by the grievor has been minimal. The grievor did not
even attempt to explain to the Board as to why she had not taken
the very basic and common sense steps such as applying for
positions advertised in the local newspapers or registering with
Canada Manpower and private employment agencies.
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The duty on the grievor was not to actually find employment,
but to make reasonable efforts. As a unionized employee who was
discharged and who filed a grievance claiming that she ought not to
have been discharged, it is not reasonable to expect the grievor to
immediately seek alternate employment. It would be reasonable for
her to await the employer's response to the grievance during the
grievance procedure, to see if her union is able to change the
employer's mind. However, there must come a time when it becomes
clear that that is not going to happen Usually that would be the
point of time when the grievance procedure is exhausted without a
resolution and the only option left is arbitration At least by
this time, it must have become clear to the grievor that her
grievance would not be resolved until the matter is referred to the
Grievance Settlement Board, a hearing scheduled and completed, and
a decision obtained She knew, or reasonably should have known,
that she would not have employment with her employer for an
extended period of time In our view, at that point the grievor
had an obligation to attempt to replace her lost income to a degree
which is reasonable possible under all of the circumstances Her
participation in the 3 craft shows and her two rather casual
personal inquiries, by any reasonable standard, were not sufficient
to meet her duty to mitigate losses.
The grievor did not testify that she did not seek alternate
employment because she felt that no employer would hire a
discharged employee accused of serious misconduct. However, in his
submissions union counsel raised this as a justification for the
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grievor's minimal ef~orts The Board reiterates that the duty is
only to make reasonable efforts, not to actually find employment
To assume that one is not going to be successful in finding
employment is to engage in pure speculation Just as much as there
is no guarantee that the grievor would have found employment had
she made reasonable efforts, there is no assurance that she would
not have been hired either; particularly by employers other than in
the ambulance service sector To accept the union's approach is in
effect to create a legal principle that an employee who is
discharged for alleged misconduct is exempt from the duty to
mitigate The Board agrees with Arbitrator Picher, who in Re
McDonnell Doualas Canada Ltd. (supra) at pp 391-2 rejected such a
principle'
In essence, the union's argument, on thil? point,
abolishes any duty to mitigate, and with respect, I
cannot accept it It may well have been difficult for
the grievor to find other employment but the duty of
mitigation does not require the grievor to find other
empioyment but rather to take all reasonable steps to
seek other employment. If, after a reasonable search,
the grievor cannot ~ind another job, then the company
must accept the consequences of its improper discharge
and compensate the grievor so as to make him whole
However, if a reasonable search for other employment is
not undertaken, and only the grievor can conduct such a
search, one cannot say whether mitigation was possible
The duty to mitigate is so well established, and for good
reasons, that I cannot abolish it even in the
circumstances of this case
Union counsel contended that the employer's survey was not
scientific and did not establish that any of the available jobs
would have suited the grievor in light of her full-time job, which
she worked on the basis of a rotating shift schedule. However, the
employer's onus does not go so far as to prove that the grievor
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would actually have got one of the available jobs. The employer
has established that positions were available for part-time
ambulance attendants in the same geographic zone where the grievor
had been employed It is the grievor, and not the employer, who is
aware of the personal restrictions she had in terms of travel,
schedule, family obligations etc If she had made a reasonable job
search and was able to show that none of the available positions
were suitable, she would have been in compliance with the duty to
mitigate However, where she has not even tried, no one really
knows whether any of the available positions would have suited her
To accept the union's position is to assume that because the
grievor held her full-time dispatcher position, ther~ would not be
any part-time position which she could possibly have fitted in
However, it is clear that the grievor~had fitted in her part-time
position with the employer with her full-time dispatcher position
at the London City Police We have not been given any reason as to
why, in these circumstances, it is reasonable to simply assume that
there would not have been any other part-time position with another
employer which the grievor could have performed in the same manner
Given the minimal efforts made by the grievor in looking for
replacement employment the Board concludes that the employer has
met its onus
Having ,concluded that the grievor failed to meet her duty to
mitigate, the Board must determine what impact that ought to have
on her entitlement to compensation The Board must, as best as it
can, determine that portion of the grievor's losses, which can be
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attributable to her own failure to mitigate The grievor was
discharged on June 3, 1993 and she grieved the same day Following
the grievance procedure, the union on July 9, 1993 referred the
matter for arbitration before the Board In our view, it is at
this point that the grievor should have started an active and
reasonable job search Assuming that she had done that, we
estimate that in the present economy, it would have taken the
grievor approximately six months to make application, go through
the hiring process and find a part-time job to fit in with her
full-time rotating schedule at the London City Police Therefore,
we hereby direct that the grievor be compensated from the date of
her discharge to the week ending Sunday January 9, 1994 She shall
not be entitled to compensation for the period beyond January 9,
1994. Of course, the above direction is subject to the 10 shift
suspension without pay earlier directed by the Board Further, the
$ 300 00 the grievor earned through her work at the craft shows
shall be set-off against her entitlement The compensation
calculated to be owing pursuant to this award shall be paid to the
union within 60 days from the date this award is received by the
employer, together with interest calculated in accordance with the
formula set out in Practice Note No 13 in the ontario Labour
Relations Board practice and Procedure
The Board remains seized in the event that the parties
encounter any difficulty implementing this award
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Dated this 14day of March 1996 at Hamilton, Ontario.
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N. Of anayak:e
Vice-Chairperson
~ ~G:tw-
s. Urbain
Member
cd ~L\JL ~
v
D. Montrose
Member