HomeMy WebLinkAbout1993-0992.Cuthbertson.94-07-05
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t GRIEVANCE
1111 COMMISSION DE
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SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS
/80 DUNDAS STREET WEST SUITE 2 00 TORONTO ONTARIO M5G TZ8 TELEPHONE/TELEPHONE (4161 326- 388
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180 RUE DUNDAS OUEST BUREAU 2100 TORONTO (ONTARIO) M5G 7Z8 FACSIMILE /TE LE COPIE (416) 326-1396
0992/93, 3387/92
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN -- OPSEU (Cuthbertson)
Grievor
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Niagara Parks Commission)
Employer
BEFORE F Briggs Vice-Chairperson
M Lyons Member
J Miles Member
FOR THE D Wright I
GRIEVOR Counsel
Ryder, Whitaker, Wright I
Barristers & Solicitors
FOR THE T Kovacs
EMPLOYER Counsel
Hicks Morley Hamilton Stewa~t storie
Barristers & Solicitors
HEARING: April 20, 1994
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There are two grievances alleging the grievor failed to receive a job posting in
accordance with the provisions of the Collective Agreement. The Employer took the
position that the grievance dated December 23, 1992, was out of time: and therefore this
Board was without jurisdiction to hear and determine the matter The parties agreed to
proceed on the question on timeliness and this award deals exclusively with that issue
Many of the facts that were not in dispute The grievor is a police constable with the
Niagara Parks Commission and, in the fall of 1992, he applied for the posted position of
Sergeant. He was notified on September 18, 1992, by telephone t.hat he did not receive
the job He filed a grievance on December 23, 1992 which stated, III grieve that my
qualifications and abilities to perform Sergeant duties were relatively equal and that
seniority was not considered and felt that I was unjustly dealt with in the selection
process" He requested to be promoted to Sergeant inunediately
On December 24, 1992, the Chief of Police wrote to the grievor the following"
Dear Derek,
You have submitted a grievance dated December 23, 1992 which states, "I grieve that my
qualifications and abilities to perform Sergeant's duties were relatively equal and that
seniority was not considered and felt that ( was unjustly dealt with in the selection process..
You have asked that you "be prompted to Sergeant immediately ·
The competition in question closed July 16, 1992 and you were notified by letter
September 18, 1992 that you were not the successful candidate.
Attached please find a copy of the grievance procedure outlined in the Collective
Agreement including the necessary time limit requirements. Since you have not followed
this article and responded in the time allowed, I am returning this grievance to you.
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The grievor responded by sending the following letter dated December 29, 1992, which
stated.
I submitted a grievance to the Chief Constable, December 23, 1992 and received a written
response December 24, 1992 returning my grievance indicating that I had not followed the
time limit requirements. As stated in the time limit requirement it indicates that a grievance
may be proceeded with to the Chief of Police within twenty days of first becoming aware
of the complaint or difference. I wished to inform you that I first became aware of evidence
on December 8, 1992 that I was unjustly dealt with in that the selection process. I have
a witness who is willing to come forward in this matter
Ms. Debbie Whitehouse is currently the Director of Niagara Parks School of Horticulture
and Botanical Gardens, but at the salient time, was the Director of Human Resources for
the Park Commission. .As such, part of her responsibilities was to ensure that appropriate
rules and procedures were carried out with respect to the job posting at issue She
testified that because of illnesses and resignations the Police Department was becoming
short staffed and the Commission was being pressured by the Union to increase their staff
complement. The Commission decided to fill Sergeant positions first and then the
Constable positions.
In the J:1onnal course of events, there is an examination given for the position of Sergeant
which is written and administered by the Ontario College of Police. However, that exam
was not going to be held for several months so the Employer decided to write and hold
it's own examination. Staff Sergeant Holidge, who has once worked at the Police College,
developed the test and Ms. Whitehouse was confident that he was capable of writing and
administering the exam.
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It was not in dispute that some of the officers in the bargaining unit were concerned about
the exam being written and administered internally At the end of July 1992, the grievor
approached Ms. Whitehouse and made clear his concerns The grievor specifically
expressed his concerns to Ms. Whitehouse regarding the impartiality of the test because
it was written by Staff Sergeant Fred Holidge. Ms Whitehouse testified that the test
became referred by all concerned as the IIFred tese It was her evidence that she had
understood that one of the gI;ievor's concerns was that Staff Sergeant Holidge was biased.
It was agreed by the parties that the grievor told Ms. Whitehouse that he was not content
that Staff Sergeant Holidge wrote the test. The grievor raised "vith Ms. Whitehouse that
he did not receive reference material for the test at the same time as other applicants and
that it was not made clear to him the sections of the reference material that would be
utilized for the tests.
After September 18, 1992, when the grievor was aware that he did not receive the position
of Sergeant, he again approached Ms Whitehouse and reiterated his concerns that
Sergeant Holidge was biased. Ms Whitehouse attempted to reassure the grievor that her
motivation for being present during the oral portion of the test was to ensure that bias was
not an issue. She attempted to settle the grievor by telling him of other Sergeant positions
becoming available in the immediate future. He was not receptive to that information.
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Ms. Whitehouse testified that, at the time, she did not think that she had resolved the
grievor's concerns. It had been clear to her that he was still quite unhappy about the
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matter
In cross examination, Ms. Whitehouse conceded that, at no point prior to December 23,
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1993, did the grievor indicate that he was contemplating filing a grievance
The grievor has wor~ed for the Niagara Parks Commission since 1968. As previously
stated, he applied for the posted position of Sergeant in July 1992. Part of the selection
process was a written exam in August 1992, and an oral exam held on September 15,1992.
On September 18, 1992, the grievor received a phone call from Staff Sergeant Holidge that
he was not the successful candidate.
Thegrievor acknowledged, in his evidence, that after being informed that he was not
successful he still he did not feel the competition was properly run. He mentioned this
to Staff Sergeant Holidge as well as Ms. Whitehouse. Some of the reference material that
was given to the grievor was referred to as the flblue booJ<1' The grievor testified that Staff
Sergeant Holidge told him there would be no questions from the blue book on the test.
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In their discussion after September 18, 1992, the grievor told Staff Sergeant Holidge that
he was surprised there was a question on the oral exam from the blue book.
The grievor testified that he did not consider filing a grievance in September 1992,
because he felt he had no grievance at that time It was his evidence that he has been
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a police officer for 26 years and is reasonably familiar with submitting evidence in court.
He decided that he had no evidence to substantiate any claim, other than his own
personal feelings He was absolutely sure he had no grievance as of September 18, 1992.
When questioned about this matter in cross examination, he testified that anyone could file
a grievance, but, in his view, there were no grounds for a grievance that would "hold
waterl He felt that he had been wronged, but uthat was all he hadll, meaning that he had
no evidence to substantiate his views. He thought, given his experience as a police
officer, that he required testimonial evidence to have a grievance.
On December 8, 1992, the grievor was having a discussion in the locker room with a co-
worker John Clark. Mr Clark, who has subsequently become a Sergeant, told the grievor
that even if he had attained 100% on any exam that he would not have been successful.
The grievor testified that when asked to explain that remark, Sergeant Clark rubbed his
hands together, mimicking Sergeant Holidge, and said Iwait till I get that Cuthbertson he'll
never see Sergeant stripes while I'm around" The grievor testified that Sergeant Clark
told him that Sergeant Holidge :made this comment prior to the written exam. The grievor
asked Sergeant Clark if he would testify to that effect and Sergeant Clark agreed. The
grievor testified that irrtmediately following this discussion he felt he had a grievance and
he acted within two days of getting diiection from the Union regardingfue filing of this
grievance
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In cross examination the grievor acknowledged that in September 1992, he knew he did
not get the job and he thought the job competition was not fair When asked why he did
not investigate not receiving the job in a timely fashion, the grievor said that he had I
received notice that he was not successful and, because he had nothing to support a I
grievance, his decided lIhe would go back to work the next day with a smile" He testified
that he would have filed a grievance if he could. He further indicated that if he had
"something which would lead me to believe I had a grievance I would had presented itU
The grievor conceded in cross ex.amination that his view that the process was not fair was
not simply because the test was written by Staff Sergeant Holidge, but because it was not
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written and administered by the Ontario Police College.
The grievor conceded in cross ex.amination there was another position for Sergeant which
was posted in November 1992, for which he did not apply When ask~d why he did not
apply he said that he would not have had lIany hope" in getting the job.
In his cross examination, the grievor offered that, immediately following the competition
in the early fall of 1992, John Clark told him, in passing, that he thought the grievor had
been lIscrewed' with respect to the competition. The grievor testified that Sergeant Clark
did not elaborate and he did not peruse it. This was his first indication that Sergeant
Clark had some prior knowledge, but he lldid not connect itll until his comments made on
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December 8, 1992. He agreed that conversation may well have been prior to November
16, 1992.
EMPLOYER SUBMISSIONS
Mr Kovac, Counsel for the Employer, submitted that it was helpful to consider the actual
wording of the grievance at issue It is alleged that the grievor was relatively equal and
he was unjustly dealt with in the process.
There is no dispute that article 6.01 of tile collective agreement provides mandatory time
limits for the purposes of the filing of grievances. It states
Article 6-Grievance Procedure
6.01 - It is the intent of the Agreement to adjust as quickly as possible any
complaints or differences between the parties arising from the interpretation,
application, administration or alleged contravention of the Agreement
including any question as to whether a matter is arbitrable
.An Employee who believes he has a complaint or a difference with the
Employer shall first discuss the complaint or difference with the Chief of
Police within twenty (20) days of first becoming aware of the complaint or
difference If any complaint or difference is not satisfactorily settled by the
Chief of Police within seven (7) days of the discussion, it may be processed
in an additional (10) days in the following manner.
6.02 STAGE ONE
The Employee may file a grievance in writing with Chief of
Police. The Chief of Police shall give the grievor his decision
in writing within seven (7) days of the submission of the
grievance
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The Employer argued that the evidence was clear that the grievor became aware, on
September 18, 1992, that he was an unsuccessful applicant. Therefore, a grievance filed
to dispute whether he was properly treated had to have been filed within twenty days of
September 18, 1992. The Employer acknowledged the decision in Onpuio Public Service
Employees Union (Voronica Pierre) and The Ministry Of Correctional Services, 0492/86,
which was upheld in Divisional Court. The Employer is not disputing that decision, but
did suggest it ought to be applied differently in the present instance.
In the instant matter, the -grievor complained about the IIFred Testll because he did not
think Staff Sergeant Holidge was impartial. Further, he had also been concerned about
the IIBlue Book' because of when he actually received it as well as CU}y questions arising
from it. The grievor acknowledged in c~oss examination that he thol1-ght he was treated
unfairly and he expressed those concerns to Ms Whitehouse.
The Employer argued that the Board should be somewhat dubious of accepting the
grievors statement that he did not grieve because he lacked substantiating evidence. In
his examination in chief, he said that he did not have any evidence that would IIhold
waterll However, in cross examination he testified that he did not apply for a later posted
position because he did not think he had a prayer in receiving the job. Mr Kovac
questioned how the grievor could corne to that conclusion without evidence Indeed, the
Employer asserted he had evidence. The grievor knew that the Employer utilized a test
which was neither written nor administered by the Ontario Police College and, that he
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received the Blue Book later then other employers which he was told not to study Surely,
all of these facts would go to evidence substantiating a grievance which alleged
unfairness of a job competition.
The Employer contended that in accordance with the language of article 6.01, the grievor
had a complaint with respect to the application and administration of the Collective
Agreement, specifically about the selection process lMr Kovac submitted that article 6 01
considers a subjective awareness test. However, in the instant case, the grievor was
subjectively aware of all of the necessary elements of his grievance as of September 18,
1992.
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The Employer asserted that the Board cannot accept that the grievor does not have a
complaint until he has adequate evidence to win his grievance Simply put, the Collective
Agreement does not provide for that interpretation. The grievance procedure has been
likened to a discovery mechanism. It allows complete discussion and affords the parties
an opportunity to adjust complaints and differences expeditiously In the instant matter,
the grievor had a complaint in September 1992, and spoke with two management
personnel about that complaint. He cannot resurrect the matter months later when he
thinks he has a better opportunity of being successful.
UNION SUBMISSIONS
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The Union argued that the collective agreement, specifically article 601, provides that the
parties negotiated a subjective test regarding the awareness of grievances. Mr Wright,
for the Union suggested that, notwithstanding suggestions to the contrary, the Employer
is trying to restrict the decision in Pierre (supra)
The Union contended that article 6.13 of the collective agreement provides that policy
grievances are written clearly in a way that removes subjectivity It states
6.13 POLICY GRIEVANCE
The Union shall have the right to .file a grievance based on a difference
arising directly from the Niagara Parks Commission concerning the alleged
violation of this Agreement. However, such grievance shall not include any
matter upon which an Employee(s) is personally entitled to grieve and the
regular grievance procedure shall not be thereby by-passed. Such
grievance shall be presented in writing signed by the Union's President or
Vice-President to the Chief of Police with a copy to the Director of Human
Resources within (30) days following the occurrence of origination of the
circumstances giving rise the grievance commencing, at stage two (2) of
the Grievance Procedure.
The Union argued that in the Pierre decision (supra), the Board was persuaded there is
a substantial difference between the language found with respect to individual grievances
and that of policy grievances. The difference is subjective awareness.
The Union asked the Board to reject the Employer's suggestion that the clock started
ticking when the grievor became aware, on September 18, 1992, that he did not receive
the job The Pierre (supra) decision was clear that the clock does not start to tick at this
point. The Board decided that the test is not whether the grievor or the Union is right
about whether there are grounds for a grievance to be filed. The proper test is whether
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they had an honest and subjective opinion that a grievance could be filed. In the instant
case, the grievor knew the results of the job competition in September 1992. However,
his evidence was clear that he did not think he had a gnevance until after his discussion
with Sergeant Clark in December 1992. The grievor's belief was based on his
considerable experience as a police officer He clearly testified that he had no evide~ce
that would substantiate a grievance. The issue for thiS Board is not whether his belief was
correct. Indeed, the Board need not concern itself with the grievors belief, except to the
extent of deciding whether his was a subjective and honest belief as was done in t..l-te
Piene (supra) decision. In the instant case, the Board can come to no other conclusion
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but to find that the grievor honestly believed that he had a grievance o:h1y as of December
8, 1992. His -evidence on this point, even under rigorous cross examination, was
unwavering .\
Mr Wright suggested the Board should ask why would the grievoJ:' have waited until
December 1992, to file the grievance unless his subjective view was that he did not have
a grievance until that point? The uncontradicted evidence was that the circumstances
which triggered the filing of the grievance in December 1992, was the grievor's discussion
with Sergeant Clark. The fact that the grievor did not think he had a grievance until
December 1992, was clear in his letter to the Chief of Police dated December 29, 1992.
Promptly after being told by Sergeant Clark that he was not treated fairly in the job
competition, the grievor acted quickly to take the appropriate steps.
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DECISION
In OLBEU (Gordon) and Liquor Control Board ofOntarioJ 0048/89, the Board considered
whether a grievance, that alleged the Employer was not assigning hours of work
according to seniority, was out of time. In arriving at their conclusion, the panel took into
account the decision of the Divisional Court regarding Pierre which had been recently
issued. In the Gordon (supra) decision, Vice Chairman Dissanayake stated, at page 15
in our view the "circumstances. giving rise to such a complaint or difference are two fold.
First, there must be a right under the collective agreement. Second, there must be an act
or omission by a party to the agreement which the other party feels has abridged or
contravened that right. Before an employee can be said to become aware "the
circumstances giving rise to the complaint or difference" under Article 27 3 (a)(Q, he or she
must be aware of both the existence of a right and a factual basis which may contravene
that right. As under the OPSEU agreement, the parties, by alluding to the employee's
awareness, have intended to introduce a subjective test. The intent is that an employee
must act expeditiously once he or she becomes aware that a right under the collective
agreement may have been contravened.
In the Pierre (supra) decision, the Board stated that, prior to January 1990, "the grievor had
neither the lmowledge nor the belief that her concerns were amenable to resolution under
the collective agreement" In the instant case, we are of the view that the grievor did not
realize there was a "factual basis which may contravene" a right under the collective
agreement until his discussic:m with Sergeant Clark on December 8, 19'92. In our view, the
grievor was probably not correct in deciding that he could not file a grievance unless he
had "testimonial evidence" to substantiate his view However, the issue of whether the
grievor was right or wrong is a matter which is completely irrelevant for the purposes of I
deciding this issue Based on his considerable experience with the judicial system, the
grievor honestly and sincerely believed that he did not have a grievance until sllch time
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as he had evidence to substantiate his allegations that the collective agreement had been
violated.
While it was clear that, even before the test was administered, the grievor had concerns
that the process was not fair, it was equally clear that fairness, in the grievor's mind, does
no~ equate to his ability to file a grievance.
In rigorous cross examination, the grievor was asked, on .a number of occasions, why he
did not file a grievance in September 1992. In response, the grievor said that he did not
have a grievance in September 1992, he did not have any grievance until December 8,
1992. The grievor's letter to the Chief of Police which was written immediately after being
told that his grievance was out of time, substantiates our view that the grievor sincerely
and honestly believed that he had a grievance as of December 8, 1992.
The subjective test which has been endorsed by Divisional Court is one which will be
visited and revisited often by this Board. By its very nature, a subjective test will require
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assessment of the individual facts and the grievor's credibility as to their subjective
awareness.
While are sensitive to the Employer's concerns that a decision for the grievor could leave
employers not knowing when lithe clock starts to tick', the rationale for the subjective test
may have included ensuring that individuals are not foreclosed from asserting their rights
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under the collective agreement because of misinformation or ignorance In our view, such
an approach makes good labour relations sense
It was stated by O'Leary J writing for the Court in The Queen in J;ij.ght of Ontario as
represented by the Ministry of Correctional Services v Ontario Public Service Employees
Union and the Grievance Settlement Board (September 5, 1990), 74 O.R. (2d), at page
704
Immediately after hearing this application for judicial review, the court disposed of the
application by the following endorsement:
July 11, 1990
We are all of the view that the Board was correct in its conclusion that the 20-day
time period within which the grievor had to bring her grievance, began to run only
when she became aware that she had a complaint that was based on a violation
or possible violation of the collective agreement. In our view, the 'complaint or
difference' referred to in Article 27.2.1 of the collective agreement is the same kind
of complaint(s) or difference(s) mentioned in Article 27 1, that is to say a complaint
or difference 'between the parties arising from the interpretation, application,
administration or alleged convention of this agreement, including any question as
to whether a matter is arbitrable"
The grievor knew at [east by November, 1985 that she was unhappy about a
possible exposure to T B., but she was not aware until late February, 1989 that
such exposure might constitute a complaint or difference with her employer arising
out of a contravention by it of the collective agreement.
In the instant case, the grievor knew that he was "not happyl about the process of the job
competition and his failure to be given the position of Sergeant in September 1992.
Additionally, he was "not happy' about particular issues such as the author and
administrator of the test to be applied. However, it was not until December 8, 1992, after
his discussion with Sergeant Clarke, that he honestly and sincerely beheved that he had
a complaint or difference arising out of the collective agreement about the job
competition.
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I For all of those reasons, we find that the preliminary objection of the Employer is
dismissed.
Dated this 5th day of J u 1 y in Toronto, 1994.
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Felicity b Bri~s -
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Vice Chair I /
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Michael Lyon
Member
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John Miles
Member