HomeMy WebLinkAbout1994-2354KLIPPEL__SWAIN__UN
ONTARIO EMPLOYES DE LA COURONNE
CROWN EMPLOYEES DE L'ONTARIO
__ GRIEVANCE COMMISSION DE
SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS
180 DUNDAS STREET WEST; SUITE 2100, TORONTO ON M5G 1 Z8 TELEPHONE/TELEPHONE (416) 326-1388
180, RUE DUNDAS OUEST; BUREAU 2100, TORONTO (ON) M5G 1Z8 FACSIMILE/TELECOPIE (416) 326-1396
GSB # 2354/94, 2355/94, 280/95
OPSEU # 95A302, 95A301, 95U019
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
OPSEU (Klippel/Swain/Union Greivance)
Grievor
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of the Solicitor General &
Correctional Services)
Employer
BEFORE S Kaufman Vice-Chairperson
FOR THE R Davis
GRIEVOR Counsel
Koskie & Minsky
Barristers & Solicitors
FOR THE D. Costen
EMPLOYER Counsel
Legal Services Branch
Management Services Secretariat
HEARING November 9, 1995
January 30, 31, 1996
1
INTERIM RULING
This ruling concerns whether this board has the juris-
diction to entertain the individual grievances of Lucilla
Klippel and Bessie Swain and a Union/Policy grievance The
grievances arose out of the following circumstances.
OPSEU was certified as the bargaining agent for Versa
Services employees, who, by a contract between the Ministry
of the Solicitor General and Correctional Services, provided
food services at the Metro Toronto East Detention Centre
(MTEDC) . Ms Klippel and Ms. Swain were employees of Versa
Services prioL to January 16, 1995 A collective agreement
had not yet been reached between Versa Services and its
employees.
Effective January 16, 1995 the Ministry began to operate
the food services functions at MTEDC. Earlier, it decided to
reduce the staff complement that had been maintained by Versa
Services, from 15 to 9. Ms Klippel and Ms. Swain each
received a Notice of Lay-off from MTEDC Supt Carl DeGrandis
dated January 13, 1995. On January 18 and 20, 1995 they
grieved that management had violated Arts 24 and 25 of the
collective agreement, had violated the Employment Standards
Act, and had dismissed them without just cause. A union
grievance was filed on February 1, 1995. Ms. Klippel was
subsequently offered and accepted an unclassified Cook 2
position, effective March 7, 1995. Ms. Swain, who had been a
Cashier until January 15, 1995, was not rehired.
The Ministry's Ar9uments:
The arbitrator's and this Board's jurisdiction flows
from the collective agreement and the legislation giving rise
to it. Article 1.1 indicates that OPSEU is the bargaining
agent for "public servants". The Crown Employees Collective
Bargaining Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. C.50, as amended, (CECBA)
2
incorporates the definition of public servants found in the
Public Service Act, R s.o. 1990, c. P.47 as amended (PSA)
S 8 1(1) of the PSA states:
An individual is not considered to be a public ser-
vant unless he or she has been expressly appointed
as such by the Lieutenant Governor in Council, the
Commission, a minister or a designee of a minister
S. 8.1(10) states:
In the absence of an express appointment of an
individual as a civil servant, public servant or
Crown employee, the individual's appointment shall
not be inferred solely from the circumstances of
his or her employment.
In view of the above provisions, an arbitrator cannot
appoint someone to the public service, and therefore cannot
assume jurisdiction of these disputes. This Board cannot
assume jurisdiction over a dispute involving people who are
not appointed public servants in accordance with the PSA.
The collective agreement does not apply to Ms. Klippel and
Ms. Swain's grievances because they were not public servants
Ms. Klippel and Ms Swain are entitled to redress only under
the Employment Standards Act, R.S 0 1990, c E 14, as amend-
ed (the ESA). The grievors do not have access to Arts 24
and 24 unless they are public servants They were not public
servants at the time of the transfer of the food services
function and at the time of their grievances.
Gallagher (493/94), determined that the Grievance Set-
tlement Board cannot assume jurisdiction over people who have
not been appointed public servants This board is required
to follow the reasoning in Gallagher and the clear language
in the Public Service Statute Law Amendment Act, 1993 Fur-
ther, in Norfolk General Hospital and G.N.A (Knopf) unrepor-
ted, February 24, 1994, the union asked the board to enforce
a provision of the regulations under the Nursing Home Act.
Arbitrator Knopf stated that she was unable to find a suffi-
cient nexus between the regulation she was being asked to
enforce and the collective agreement. There is insufficient
"
-
'"
.)
nexus in this case, such that this board cannot accept juris-
diction of the dispute. In Metropolitan Toronto Reference
Library Board and C.U P.E., Loc. 1582 [1995] 46 L.A.C. (4th)
155, Arbitrator Burkett accepted jurisdiction over the dis-
pute, but cited Norfolk with approval
The Ministry has complied with the provisions of the
Employment Standards Act. There is no distinction between
the union's grievance and the individual grievances. It is a
distinction without a difference. As the board will be un-
able to effect the remedy the individual grievors are seeking
in their grievances, no purpose would be served by proceeding
with the union grievance
The Union's Arguments:
This Board has the jurisdiction, as part of its authori-
ty to provide a remedy which has a final and binding effect,
to order the employer to appoint a person as a public
servant.
The provisions of the ESA, as amended, made substantive
and substantial modifications to the collective agreement,
including appointments to the public service Those modifi-
cations adversely effect the relative seniority of employees
in Art. 24 and the employer's liability to lay employees off
in order of seniority and rights to compete under Arts. 24
and 4. They provide benefits to non-public servants. These
consequences give the grievors and the Union sufficient inte-
rest to seek redress before this Board for the mistaken ap-
plication, administration and violation of those provisions
S. 7 (3) of CECBA, 1993, S.O. 1993, c 38 gives the GSB
jurisdiction over all differences. S. 48 (12) j of the La-
bour Relations Act, 1995, S.O. 1995, c. 1, [the LRA] (former-
ly s. 45 (8) para. 3 of R.S.O. 1990, c. L.2, as amended) ap-
plies to GSB boards of arbitrations and requires arbitrators
...
4
to apply the provisions of the ESA, and to harmonize the pro-
visions of the collective agreement which conflict with it
to the provisions of the ESA. In Metro Library, supra, Arbi-
trator Burkett stated that s 45 ( 8 ) para 3 of the LRA
extends rather than codifies the use that an
arbitrator makes of an external statute in inter-
preting and applying a collective agreement. In
our view, s 45(8) codifies the existing practice
in this regard. However, in addition to codifying
the use that an arbitrator makes of an external
statute and thereby, to act in the place of the
body charged with its administration, the arbitra-
tor can now order and enforce compliance with that
statute. The effect is to reduce the duplication
of hearings Furthermore, having been given the
statutory authority to interpret and apply a sta-
tute, the basis upon which an arbitrator's inter-
pretation or application ot the statute may be
overturned would be restricted to cases of "patent-
ly unreasonable" constructions The effect, in ad-
dition to reducing the duplication of hearings, is
to bring greater finality to arbitration awards
that interpret or apply an external statute
From the above reasoning, this board should conclude that an
arbitrator should cause the application of the collective
agreement to harmonize rather than to contract the ESA, and
to enforce the remedies under the ESA The collective
agreement must be read in harmony with the ESA, and a remedy
must be found The recognition clause is not the only basis
of jurisdiction.
Nothing prohibits a collective agreement from granting
rights to non-employees to have their rights arbitrated at
the instance of the union or the non-employee
Arts 4.1, 4.2 and 4 3 1 require the employer to offer
positions to the employees of a previous employer. Art
4 3.4 recogniz.es the employer's obligations under the Human
Rights Code The employer has recognized an obligation under
the ESA to offer positions to employees of the previous
employer The employer must work in harmony with that law.
5
The Union addressed the Gallagher and Metro Library
cases, supra, as well as the following cases: Milk and Bread
Drivers, Dairy Employees, Caterers and Allied Employees,
Local 647, and Weston Bakeries Ltd (1970) 21 L.A.C. 308
(Weiler); St Joseph's Hospital, London and 0 N.A. [1989] 8
L A.C. (4th) 144 (Burkett); O.P.S E.U. (Union Grievance),
2156/87 (Dissanayake); Steinberg Inc. and U.F C.W., Loc. 633
[1991] 24 L.A.C. (4th) 98 (O'Shea); Blouin Drywall Contrac-
tors Ltd. v united Brotherhood of Carpenters (1975), 75 CLLC
14,295 (O.C.A.), Hotel-Dieu Grace Hospital and O.N.A. [1995]
47 LAC. (4th) 66 (Watters); Du Pont Canada Inc. and Kings-
ton Independent Nylon Workers Union [1991] 19 L.A.C. (4th)
427 (Palmer); pinkerton's of Canada Limited and Intercon
Security Limited and Ignatio Pinto and Ministry of Labour
(unreported), June 22, 1995 (Muir) ESC 95-121; Raymond Brosko
and Ministry of Labour and Intercon Security Limited (unre-
ported) , January 10, 1995 (Randall) ESC 95-09; T.S.E. Manage-
ment Services Inc and Ministry of Labour and Syed Ali (unre-
ported), October 25, 1995 (Bradbury) ESC 95-199
Even if the employer's position that the board does not
have the jurisidiction to hear the individual grievances is
accepted, the union retains the right to grieve the manner of
termination of the former Versa Services employees in respect
of the terms of the collective agreement and the ESA. The
terminations and the offer of the remaining positions of the
former employees must be carried out in a manner that harmo-
nizes the requirements of the collective agreement and the
ESA. The union's policy grievance will address whether em-
ployees in the position of the grievors are entitled to be
laid off in order of seniority pursuant to s 56.7(1) of the
ESA, whether they were entitled to be in a job competition,
whether they were denied the right to return to their former
positions and/or the right to surplus list rights, income
protection rights, and rights to be assigned to employment on
return from LTIP, under Arts. 42 and 46.2.
6
The board can infer the public servant status of the
individual grievors from the need to harmonize the provisions
of the ESA with those of the collective agreement.
An arbitrator considering a policy grievance has a broad
remedial jurisdiction and is not confined to issuing a decla-
ration. The Grievance Settlement Board has always had the
authority to order the appropriate person to do what was re-
quired in order to remedy a breach of the collective agree-
ment or the statute, which is confirmed in s 48(12) Conse-
quently, the employer's submission, that under the PSA an
arbitrator is precluded from appointing a person to the sta-
tus of public servant, does not constitute a bar to an arbi-
trator assuming jurisdiction.
The thrust of this dispute is that the employer did not
properly apply the ESA and the ESA affects rights under the
collective agreement by modifying them The union has an
interest in seeing that the ESA is properly applied and that
the collective agreement is harmonized with the ESA to the
extent that it has changed its terms The employer exercised
its discretion to create new food service positions at MTEDC
in the classified s~rvice, but having created them, the issue
arose as to who was entitled to fill them, under the provi-
sions of the ESA or the collective agreement Art 4 states
that classified positions are to be posted, and confers upon
bargaining unit members the right to compete for those posi-
tions and the right that seniority will determine the outcome
if the competitors are relatively equal. Such positions may
also be made open for transfer under Art. 4.6.1, subject to
the agreement of the union, the employer and the employee
They can also be filled by employees under the provisions in
Art. 5, by employees declared surplus under Art. 25, by em-
ployees returning from Art 30 Special Leave and from LTIP,
if able to perform some work under Art. 42, and from pregnan-
cy and parental leave under Art. 50 and 51, if the work is
comparable. The ESA provides that these new classified posi-
.
7
tions must be given to the employees of the previous employ-
er. The union, as party to the collective agreement which
was affected by the ESA, and on behalf of its members whose
rights were adversely affected, has an interest in ensuring
that the employer correctly applied the ESA, and in ensuring
that only those adverse effects that were required under the
ESA were the ones that were imposed.
S 56.7 ( 1 ) of the ESA deems a person who accepts an
offer of employment from the successor employer "to have been
been employed by the successor employer for the period during
which he or she was employed by any previous employers",
whereas Art. 25 l(a) states that an employee's seniority
"will commence from the date of appointment to the Classified
Service for those employees with no prior service in the On-
tario Public Service". Seniority is applied in Art. 24 in
determining who will be laid off and displaced. The ESA
creates two groups of people, one with more seniority than
the collective agreement accords them, which is dropped in
the midst of other bargaining unit members, and this needs to
be clarified Termination is always relative to other em-
ployees. when seniority rights under the collective agree-
ment are so fundamentally affected by a statute, the union
has an interest in the statute being properly and legitimate-
ly applied to the collective agreement.
Some employees were not properly appointed and other
former employees of Versa Services were not given the requi-
site offer of employment required by the ESA. The union has
an interest in ensuring that the right thing is done, and in
demonstrating to its members that it will permit their rights
to be affected only to the extent required by statute.
There is no language in Art. 27 stipulating the union
cannot file a grievance in circumstances where an individual
can also file one.
8
The union is the only entity which can advance the inte-
rests of the bargaining unit employees as a whole. The union
has no standing before an adjudicator under the ESA. Though
they may be similar, the interests of the individual grievors
and the interests of the union are not the same
The PSA amendment relied upon by the employer is an
employment-related statute, which GSB arbitrators are obliged
to interpret and apply It has no applicability except
regarding the status of the individual grievors The
employer's submission that the PSA amendment limits an
arbitrator's remedial jurisdiction posits a conflict between
two statutes, the remedial jurisdiction of arbitrators under
CECBA, 1993 and the PSA amendment
The Employer's Reply:
The union has not established the necessary link between
Art. 24 and 25 and the grievances; consequently this board is
without the jurisdiction to hear them A person must be a
classified employee in order to exercise bumping rights under
Art. 24 and the individual grievors were not classified em-
ployees. The union is asking the board to make the individu-
al grievors public servants and the board does not have the
jurisdiction to do so
Art. 3 applies to unclassified employees. Art 3.12
states that the employer may terminate their employment on
two weeks' notice. Art. 3.16 indicates that Art. 24 does not
apply to unclassified employees, and that Art. 25 does apply
to them
Declaratory relief is issued to provide guidance to the
parties. Declaratory relief would serve no purpose here.
The union is seeking an individual remedy. If a declaration
is issued, Gallagher, supra, will preclude any relief being
sought, unless the union takes the position that the collec-
tive agreement benefits override the provisions of the ESA.
9
The proper forum is under the ESA If the employer had been
incorrect under s. 56 6 of the ESA, the adjudicator under the
ESA would make his or her ruling. Pitirri, 2685/92 (Kaplan)
and Niagara South Bd of Educ. and Teachers Federation [1980]
26 LAC. (2d) 332 (Kennedy) are examples of situations in
which the boards saw no purpose in accepting jurisdiction,
as, based on the facts, a declaration would serve the parties
no purpose
There is no appreciable difference or distinction be-
tween the union's and the individuals' rights. The connec-
tion or nexus between the collective agreement and the relief
claimed under the ESA is not present in this case, preclud-
ing this board from taking jurisdiction of the union grie-
vance
Oral Ruling:
On January 31, 1996, I provided an oral ruling to the
parties in which I concluded that this Board did not have the
jurisdiction to hear the individual grievances of Ms Klippel
and Ms Swain, but that it did have jurisdiction over the
union grievance, and that I would assume jurisdiction over
the union grievance. The following are my expanded reasons
for my oral ruling.
Review of Arbitral Jurisprudence:
The article in the collective agreement in Blouin Dry-
wall, supra, pertaining to how disputes were to be adjusted,
was worded much more broadly than the recognition clause in
this collective agreement. The Court of Appeal relied upon
the broadness of the wording to conclude that the non-union
members as well as the union were both entitled to grieve.
As the language in the comparable articles in this agreement
differs substantially from the language in Blouin Drywall,
that case is of little assistance
10
In Steinberg, supra, art. 8.08 of the agreement entitled
the grievor to revert to the bargaining unit after being
discharged from a non-bargaining unit position, which enabled
the board to find his grievance arbitrable The provisions
of the collective agreement and the circumstances surrounding
the termination of the employment of the individual grievors
in this case differ substantially from those pertaining to
the discharge of the grievor in Steinberg, supra. Conse-
quently the reasoning in that decision is of little assis-
tance in this matter
In Du Pont, supra, former employees were affected by the
employer's recalculation of their pension payment level The
pension recipients were no longer in the bargaining unit.
The union brought a policy or union grievance. The board of
arbitration rejected the argument that the union was barred
from arbitrating rights under the collective agreement rela-
ting to former employees no longer actively employed.
The decisions of the Adjudicators under the ESA may have
some relevance to the merits of the grievance, but do not
assist in the issue of jurisdiction before me
The decision in Weston Bakeries, supra, turned on the
specific language of the collective agreement in determining
whether there was any limitation on the right of the union to
bring a policy grievance or on the remedies available Wes-
ton stands for the principle that the language of the agree-
ment determines the rights of the parties and individuals to
bring particular types of grievances.
In St. Joseph's, supra, at p. 155, Arbitrator Burkett
stated the circumstances under which a union could bring a
union grievance and the remedies which the board could
consider
...where there is a complaint that affects the bar-
gaining unit generally which is properly of direct
concern to the union, as is this case, such a com-
plaint may be dealt with as a policy grievance un-
1 1
der art. 7.04. The filing of a policy grievance in
these circumstances cannot be characterized as a
"tactic" to avoid having to process a series of in-
dividual or group grievances. Under this collec-
tive agreement an individual or group grievance
(which is not made mutually exclusive vis-a-vis a
policy grievance under arts. 7.04 and 7.05) cannot
be filed under the guise of a policy grievance with
the effect of bypassing the carefully constructed
hierarchy of dispute resolution However, where a
true policy grievance (a complaint arising directly
between the hospital and the association affecting
the bargaining unit generally) is filed, as is the
grievance in this case, there must be express lan-
guage restricting the scope of the remedial relief
that is available. It is clear on a reading of
the jurisprudence that absent such express lan-
guage the full panoply of remedies is available to
make the union and its affected members whole
should the grievance succeed In our view it would
be straining the language of art 7.04 to read it
as restricting the association's access to full
remedial relief. Accordingly, we hereby find that
we have the authority to make the association and
the affected employees whole; including, if we deem
it appropriate, the awarding of monetary relief to
affected employees.
The structure of the grievance provisions in the St. Joseph's
collective agreement, though not the precise language, was
somewhat similar to Art. 27 of the agreement in this case.
As in St. Joseph's, the agreement in this case contains no
express language restricting the scope of the remedial relief
available on either a union or individual grievance. The
instant agreement contains no language indicating the circum-
stances under which a union grievance could not proceed.
In Union Grievance (2156/87), supra, at p 14, vice-
Chair Dissanayake expressed the view that the fact that a
union grievance was before the board did not constitute a
reason to deny compensation to the employees affected by the
board's determinations. He pointed out that there was an
interest in avoiding a multiplicity of individual grievances,
which would not be supported if the board declined to award
compensation on the union grievance.
12
Reasons:
In 1994 and 1995 the individual grievors, Ms. Klippel
and Ms Swain, were members of 0 P.S.E U , which was then the
bargaining agent for Versa Services employees No collective
agreement was reached between O.P.S.E.U. and Versa Services.
Ms. Klippel was a kitchen helper employed by Versa Services
until January 15, 1995. She became an unclassified Cook 2,
and a public servant, on March 7, 1995. Ms. Swain was a ca-
shier for Versa Services until January 15, 1995. She was not
rehired The employer argues that the Grievance Settlement
has no jurisdiction over both the individual grievances and
the union grievance.
Art. 1 1, the recognition clause, recognizes OPSEU as
the exclusive bargaining agent for all "public servants"
Public servants are not defined in CECBA, 1993. However,
they are defined in the definition section and in s. 8.1 of
the PSA, as amended. It is not in dispute that the individu-
al grievors had not been expressly appointed to the service
of the Crown by the Lieutenant Governor in Council, the Civil
Service Commission or a minister, as required by the PSA's
definition of "public servant", either when they grieved or
at the time of the events giving rise to the grievance. S.
8.1 (10), which provides
In the absence of an express appointment of an in-
dividual as a . . . public servant . . . the indivi-
dual's apppointment shall not be inferred solely
from the circumstances of his or her employment.
precludes me from infering "solely from the circumstances of"
their "employment" that the grievors are or were public ser-
vants. There is no evidence of other circumstances before me
from which such an inference could be made. Consequently, I
cannot infer that they are or were public servants.
13
Ms. Swain was never an employee of the Crown. Ms Klip-
pel became one on March 7, 1995, well after the date of her
grievance
I agree with the employer's submissions with respect to
the import of the reasons in Gallagher, supra, wherein vice-
Chair Watters concluded that absent an appointment as a pub-
lic servant, the Grievance Settlement Board "lacks jurisdic-
tion to entertain the complaint" of such an individual grie-
vor. I agree with the reasons in Gallagher and adopt them
This case presents no exceptional circumstances that might
persuade me to review that decision and distinguish it:
Blake (1276/87 etc.) Shime.
It is regrettable to decline jurisdiction or dismiss
grievances for reasons which appear to be mere technicali-
ties However, this is more than a mere technicality. It is
a fundamental threshold issue which must be met before this
board has the authority to address individual grievances on
their merits. I therefore conclude that this board does not
have the jurisdiction to entertain the individual grievances
of Ms Klippel and Ms. Swain. The union grievance, however,
requires further consideration
In Pitirri, supra, at p. 14, Vice-Chair Kaplan stated
...In some cases, a declaration alone will be a
meaningful remedy, and the fact that it is the only
remedy sought, or available, will not, and should
not, be a bar to proceeding.
He also stated
Declarations are important, provided there is some
live issue between the parties, or, in another
example, some issue relating to the interpretation
or application of the Collective Agreement.
He expressed the view that in such circumstances, a declara-
tion serves a purpose. He declined to take jurisdiction in
Pitirri because, he indicated
. . such a declaration would have no consequences or
14
practical effect for the parties, and only limited
value for the grievor.
Thus, where a declaration will have consequences for or a
practical effect on the parties, absent other impediments,
jurisdiction will be assumed.
In Niagara South Bd. of Educ. and Teachers Federation
(1980), 26 L.A C (2d) 332, Arbitrator Kennedy considered 3
individual grievances, for which declaratory relief, and no
specific relief, was being sought At p. 336, supra, he
stated four tests to consider when and whether it is approp-
riate to assume jurisdiction of a grievance where the only
relief sought is declaratory:
1. whether "the fact situation being considered
could readily arise again and it would be use-
ful for the guidance of the parties that the
matter be resolved and the issue of whether or
not there had existed a violation of the col-
lective agreement be settled"
2 "before proceeeding" toward declaratory relief
only "the board should be very sure that there
exists some positive benefit to the parties in
proceeding"
3. "it is appropriate to proceed where the issue
has become academic to the individual grievor,
only where the issue has a real potentiality
of arising again, and the award can therefore
be of assistance to the parties in avoiding
future conflict under the collective agree-
ment"
4 jurisdiction should be declined where "there
was no possible value in determining an alleg-
ed dispute . which cannot affect an .employ-
ment relationship in the future"
The union grievance indicates that the remedy sought is
the rescission of the lay-off notices to bargaining unit
staff and the application of t~e collective agreement. It
alleges a violation of the ESA and the LRA. Although the
remedy claimed in the grievance does not conform to the
thrust of the dispute stated thus far in this proceeding, the
remedial scope of this board is not limited by the remedies
15
claimed in the grievance and the jurisdiction of this board
to resolve this difference is not necessarily limited by the
precise terms of the grievance.
At this point in the proceeding, the effect, if any, of
the ESA or the LRA on the collective agreement, and any ensu-
ing effect on the rights and entitlements of the union and
the bargaining unit members remains to be seen and will only
emerge from as full hearing as to what occurred wben the food
services function was brought in-house, and full argument as
to the applicable terms of the agreement and the effect of
the various legislative provisions on those terms.
Art. 27 12.1, which provides
UNION GRIEVANCE
Where any difference between the Employer and the
union arises from the interpretation, application,
administration or alleged contravention of the
Agreement, the union shall be entitled to file a
gr1.evance.
is the contractual basis of this Board's jurisdiction to hear
a union grievance.
S. 7 (3 ) ( 3 ) of CECBA, 1993 was neither repealed nor
amended by Bill 7 (S.O. 1995, c. 1) and remains the legisla-
tive basis of the jurisdiction of the Grievance Settlement
Board It provides:
Every collective agreement relating to Crown em-
ployees shall be deemed to provide for the final
and binding settlement by arbitration by the Grie-
vance Settlement Board, without stoppage of work,
of all differences between the parties arising from
the interpretation, application, administration or
alleged violation of the agreement, including any
question as to whether a matter is arbitrable. (em-
phasis added)
Language similar to the above in prior legislation has been
construed by the courts of this province as conferring a very
broad jurisdiction upon this board. In my view the above
language obliges the GSB to assume jurisdiction over all
16
disputes, in the broadest sense, a+ising from the interpreta-
tion, application, administration or alleged violation of the
agreement That is a general statement of this board's
jurisdiction Exceptions to that general rule will be estab-
lished from time to time, e g. where the factual or statutory
basis of the grievance clearly fails to meet a threshold re-
quirement under the collective agreement as to status of the
grievor to bring an individual grievance or where, as in
Pitirri, no useful purpose would be served by proceeding
At this point, neither the outcome of the union grie-
vance nor the remedies, if any, that might resolve the dis-
pute, are predictable with any certainty Consequently, they
cannot form any basis upon which to restrict access to
arbitration.
The language of Art. 27 12 1 describing union grievances
is similar to the broad language in s. 7 (3 ) ( 3 ) of CECBA,
1993, as amended As well, the provisions of the collective
agreement contain no express limitation on the union's right
to bring a union grievance. I therefore conclude that the
statute and the agree~ent impose no limits on the union's
right to advance its grievance.
The fact that the rights of the individual grievors are
lined up behind and may be determined by the outcome of the
union's grievance and may benefit the individual grievors is
incidental and tangential to the issue of whether this board
has jurisdiction As such, it does not impact upon this
board's jurisdiction to hear and determine the union
grievance.
Under the LRA and CECBA, 1993, as amended, GSB srbitra-
tors have the power "to interpret and apply the requirements
of employment-related statutes, despite any conflict
between those requirements and the terms of the collective
agreement" This power from time to time necessarily confers
17
upon arbitrators and boards of arbitration concurrent or to
some extent overlapping jurisdiction with that of adjudica-
tors under various employment-related statutes. The appear-
ance to one party or the other that one legislated forum
might be more appropriate than another is not a relevant
factor in determining whether this board has jurisdiction.
At this stage in this proceeding, and on the facts as
presented to me to date, it wo~ld be premature for this board
to determine that there will be no distinction between the
remedy sought by the individual grievors and the remedy
sought by the union, and it would therefore also be premature
to conclude, on the assumption that there is no distinction
between the remedies sought, that no useful purpose would be
served by proceeding with the union grievance.
It is useful to consider the text of some of the pro-
visions in Part XIII.2 of the ESA which were in effect at the
time this dispute arose:
56.4 (1) This Part applies if one employer ceases
to provide particular services at a premises after
the 4th day of June, 1992 and another employer be-
gins to provide substantially similar services at
the premises.
56.6 (1) If a successor employer replaces a previ-
ous employer who is providing services at the pre-
mises, the successor employer shall make reasonable
offers of available positions to those persons,
(a) who are in a continuing or a recurring
and cyclical employment relationship with
the previous employer immediately before
the successor employer begins providing
the services at the premises; and
(b) whose principal place of work with the
previous employer is the premises affec-
ted by the change in the employer provid-
ing the services.
(2) The successor employer shall make offers
to the persons employed by the previous employer in
descending order of each person's seniority with
18
the previous employer until all positions are
filled
. .
(4 ) The successor employer shall use every
reasonable effort to fill all positions at the pre-
mises with persons who were employed by the previ-
ous employer before the successor employer offers a
position to any other person.
(5) The position offered must consist of per-
forming, at the same premises, the same work that
the person did for the previous employer, if such
a position is available
(6) If such a position is not available, the
position offered must consist of alternative work
that is comparable having regard to compensation,
hours and schedule of work, perquisites, quality of
working environment, degree of responsibility, job
security and possibility of advancement
56 7 ( 1 ) For the purposes of Parts VII, VIII, XI
and XIV, a person employed by the previous employer
who accepts a position offered by the successor
employer is deemed to have been employed by the
successor employer for the period during which he
or she was employed by any previous employers.
( 2 ) In subsection (1), "previous employers"
includes only the employer who employs the employee
on the 4th day of June, 1992 and any successor
employers who employ him or her before the succes-
sor employer referred to in subsection (1)
56.8 ( 1 ) A person who declines a position offered
by the successor employer under section 56.6 and
who ceases to be employed by the previous employer
is deemed, for the purposes of this Act, to have
resigned his or her position with the previous
employer.
(2 ) If the successor employer offers the per-
son employment that does not begin immediately af-
ter his or her employment with the previous employ-
er ends and the person declines the offer, the per-
son is not deemed to have resigned his or her em-
ployment with the previous employer and the succes-
sor employer shall comply with Part XIV
Bill 7, supra, received Royal Assent on November 10,
1995. S. 73 of Bill 7 repealed Section XIII.2 of the ESA.
19
Thus the provisions of concern to the union are no longer in
effect However short-lived the legislation, those provi-
sions may have had an impact on the obligations of the em-
ployer under the collective agreement at the time the provi-
sions were in force, and on the subsequent rights of the
members of the bargaining unit The impact of the provisions
on relative seniority and other rights of bargaining unit
members may remain despite the repeal of Section XIII.2.
In my view, the above provisions of the ESA make very
apparent the nexus or connection between the ESA and the pro-
visions of the collective agreement It is evident that if
the above provisions apply to this employer as a successor
employer, they will impact upon, among other things, the
relative seniority of members of the bargaining unit who have
not been employed by "previous employers" within the meaning
of the ESA and upon Art 24 and 25 displacement and other
rights, which are posited upon relative seniority The ESA
provisions may also impact upon the rights of bargaining unit
members returning from various leaves and may override the
obligation in Art. 4 regarding posting of classified posi-
tions as well as the right of bargaining unit members to com-
pete for such positions The parties negotiated these provi-
sions/benefits through the collective bargaining process
The union's interest in -seeking an adjudication as to the
proper interpretation and application of statutory provisions
which may affect the negotiated benefits in the collective
agreement is honest and legitimate The union grievance does
not appear to have been brought for the sole purpose of "sav-
ing" the individual grievances, but rather, appears to have
been brought for the benefit of the bargaining unit as a
whole, to ensure that to the extent that the provisions of
the ESA modified the entitlements of members of the bargain-
ing unit under the collective agreement, the modifications
were done in accordance with the legislation.
20
In view of the foregoing, the union grievance appears to
be a "true policy grievance" within Arbitrator Burkett's de-
finition in St Joseph's, supra, (infra, p. 11)
Using the tests stated in Niagara South, supra, I con-
clude that "it would be useful for the guidance of the par-
ties that the matter [in this case, the union grievance] be
resolved and the issue of whether or not there had .existed a
violation of the collective agreement be settled", and al-
though declaratory relief mayor may not be the only relief
available, I am "very sure that there exists some positive
benefit to the parties in proceeding" and that "an award can
. . be of assistance to the parties in avoidLng future con-
flict" . The union is seeking an interpretation of the effect
of the ESA and the LRA on the rights of the bargaining unit
members under the collective agreement, and a determination
as to whether they were properly applied This will likely
provide a positive benefit to the employer, the union and its
membership which is not purely academic, notwithstanding the
repeal of Section XIII.2.
For all the foregoing reasons, the Grievance Settlement
Board can and should hear and determine the union grievance.
Accordingly, the individual grievances are dismissed and the
union grievance will proceed before me on the dates agreed to
by the parties.
Dated at Toronto this 26th day of February, 19~
----/ ~ / ~-\
d/<~
./
-Chair