HomeMy WebLinkAbout1994-2442FLEMING98_09_11
ONTARIO EMPLOYES DE LA COURONNE
CROWN EMPLOYEES DE L'ONTARIO
1111 GRIEVANCE COMMISSION DE
SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS
t80 DUNDAS STREET WEST SUITE 600, TORONTO ON M5G tZ8 TELEPHONEfTELEPHONE (416) 326-1388
180, RUE DUNDAS OUEST BUREAU 600, TORONTO (ON) M5G tZ8 FACSIMILEfTELECOPIE (416) 326-1396
GSB # 2442/94,0039/95,2801196
OPSEU 95C266, 95C422, 97B293
.' IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECI1VE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontano Public SefVlce Employees Uruon
(Cleo Flemmg)
Grievor
- and -
The Crown m Right of Ontario
(Mimstry of Consumer and CommercIal RelatIons)
Employer
BEFORE D.J.D LeIghton Vice-ChaIr
FOR THE Margaret Keys
GRIEVOR Gnevance Officer
OntarIo Public Service Employees Uruon
FOR THE Bnan Fukazawa
EMPLOYER Counsel, Legal SefVlces Branch
Management Board Secretariat
HEARING July 2, 1997
November 26, 27, 1997
February 26,27, 1998
March 11, 13,26,27, 1998
April 24, 1998
INTRODUCTION
On January 8, 1997 Cleo Flemmg was dismIssed from her pOSitIOn as Customer ServIce
LIaiSOn Officer m the Mirustry of Consumer and Commercial RelatIOns, RegIstratIOn DlVlsIOn,
pursuant to sub-sectIOn 22(3) of the Public Semce Act which pernuts the employer to dismISS a
pubhc servant for cause. A gnevance filed January 9, 1997 alleged unjust dISmISSal and sought
remstatement WIth full back pay and benefits, and removal of all assocIated letters and
correspondence from her personnel file.
The letter of dismIssal alleged that Ms. FlemIng was bemg dismIssed because of disruptive
behavIOur that created a difficult work environment and wruch was mterfenng With the effiCIent
operatIOn of the office. The letter noted further
despite repeated counselhng seSSIOns, warnIngs, temporary reaSSIgnments to
other work locatIOns, and discIplmary actIOn mcludmg suspenSIOn, you have
contmued to exhibIt an unwillingness to modify your behaVIOur and to work
cooperatively WIth your colleagues and management.
It was the Employer's View that although Ms FlemIng had worked for the government for twenty
years, m the last SIX years of her employment she had become IncreaSIngly disruptive The
Employer attempted to counsel Ms. Flemmg lrutlally to encourage her to work cooperatively WIth
her peers and supemsors and Ms. flemIng was temporarily aSSIgned away from customer servIce
after some fellow employees complamed about her m the fall of 1993 In the fall of 1994 she was
dIscIphned by a letter of repnmand for several mCIdents, mcludIng yellIng at a fellow employee
In February of 1995, she was diSCIplined WIth a one day suspenSIOn for mappropnate behavIOur
With her supervisor
Then on January 2, 1997 an mCldent occurred which the Employer claims IS a culmInatIng
mCIdent and wruch subsequently led to Ms Flemmg's dismissal on January 8, 1997 The mCldent
on January 2, 1997 mvolved a member of the pubhc and Ms FlemIng has admItted that she was
rude to an mdlVldual that she was servmg.
The Umon took the pOSitIOn that some dlsclplme was warranted for the mCldent wruch
occurred on January 2, 1997, however there had been no progressive dlsclplme In trus case and,
therefore, termmatIOn IS mappropnate. Ms. Flemmg has a learmng dlsabihty wruch has been
Identified smce her diSmIssal. Now that It has been Identified, Ms. FlemIng can learn to
Page 2 of 21
compensate for It and the Gnevor has good prospects of working cooperatIvely and successfully
agam m her posItIOn. Ms. Flemmg's gnevance for the one day suspensIon and the warrung letter
were also before the Board. The Umon's posItIOn IS that the suspensIOn was too harsh, gIVen the
CIrcumstances.
THE EVIDENCE-
The Employer called fourteen Witnesses to gIVe eVIdence In this case regardIng mCIdents
that stretched back to 1993 and, as noted above, much of which mvolved such mCldents as
squabbles over the volume level of a radio and comments to fellow employees that were
mconslderate I have carefully considered all the eVIdence at the heanng, however I will
summanzeltbnefly
Ms. Flemmg began workIng for the government m archives on a contract baSIS m 1975
She began With the Mimstry of Commercial and Consumer RelatIOns as a Data Entry Operator m
1979 At the tIme of her dIsmissal she was a Customer SefV1ce Liaison Officer m the Personal
Property Secunty RegIstratIOn Branch of the Mimstry As such, she served members of the publIc
assistIng them WIth personal property secunty registrations and searches By 1993 the front lme
workers were bemg reqUired to do all necessary dutIes mcludIng regIstratIOn, data entry and
service to the publIc
Mr Harry Hergash, Deputy DIrector ofChent ServIces of the Branch, and Ms Katharine
Smith, DIrector of the Branch, testIfied about the Employer's reasons for dlsrmssIng Ms Flermng.
Mr Hergash met Ms. Flermng m 1991 when he Jomed the Branch. Previously he had been With
the Ontano Secunty Commission. On June 16, 1993 Mr Hergash received a memorandum from
Beverly Herbert, Ms. Flemmg's supervisor, complammg about the Gnevor The Gnevor had
accused Ms. Herbert of lookmg at her m a sexual way Ms. Herbert demed that tills was true and
stated that It was causmg her harm. Ms Herbert Withdrew thiS complamt subsequently and It was
not Investigated further
On September 22, 1993 a complamt from Nancy Walters and other members of the staff
was made to Ms. Herbert about Ms Flemmg. The complamt mvolved an mCldent where Ms
Flermng had asked Ms Walters to turn off her radIO Ms Walter's felt that the request was unfair
Page 3 of 21
and Ms. Flemmg only asked because she had been asked by someone else to turn her radio off.
There was eVIdence of comments made by staff mvolved m the disagreement, none of wruch IS
matenal to trus decIsIon. Mr Hergash, who was Ms. Herbert's supernsor, dIscussed the mCldent
With rus own supervIsor, Ms SmIth, and they decided that they could not Judge between the
stones as to what really happened regardmg the radIo They noted that there were very emotIOnal
responses from people because Ms. Walters was pregnant at the time so a decIsion was made with
the Gnevor's agreement for her to take an actmg assignment With Company's Branch as an
Articles Control Clerk for three months from October 25, 1993 to January 21, 1994 Trus was
not meant as discIpline and the Gnevor returned to her home pOSitIOn m January of 1994
The Letter ofWarnmg
In October of 1994, a senes ofmcldents occurred With co-workers and the Gnevor On
October 13, Doree Reyes, a co-worker, called the Gnevor a "Jerk" and alleged that the Gnevor
had called her names as well. Ms. Allen, the Gnevor's supervisor, sent both women a memo
saYIng not to call each other names. Mr Hergash was of the VIew that Ms Allen had handled the
mCldent suffiCIently and dId not mtervene The letters were not put In either woman's personnel
file
On October 25, 1994 another co-worker complamed that she was uncooperative With her
and yelled at her m front of a customer A day after thiS Incident Mr Hergash and Ms SmIth met
With the Gnevor and counselled her to modify her behaVIOur and work cooperatively with the
team. Ms. SmIth asked the Gnevor to conSider her rustory of conflict wIth so many In the office
Ms. Allen also testified as to the mCldents that led to a warnIng letter m November of
1994 The eVIdence was substantially the same as that given by Mr Hergash and Ms SmIth.
On November 18 1994, Ms. Allen complamed to Ms. SmIth and Mr Hergash that Ms.
flemIng was "haraSSIng her" Ms Allen testified to vanous problems supervIsmg Ms flemIng. It
was Ms. Allen's eVIdence that Ms Flemmg often accused her of bad management and harassment.
She testIfied that she wanted the Gnevor to stop bemg cntlcal of her management style and
spreadmg rumours about people bemg SIck because of her The Gnevor started m Ms Allen's
supervISion m October of 1994 and It ended WIth her transfer to another supervIsor m February of
1995
Page 4 of 21
~
- These mCIdents through the fall of 1994 resulted m a letter ofwarnmg dated November
25, 1994 from Mr Hergash after consultatIOn With Ms. SmIth. The letter begms by notIng that
over the last two years Ms. FlemIng had demonstrated an mabilIty to work cooperatively With co-
workers and managers. It referred to a complamt from co-workers which came out of the radIo
mCIdent and resulted m her temporary assIgnment to Company's Branch. It also referred to the
name-callIng InCIaent on October 13, 1994, the mCldent on October 25, 1994, and the complamt
of the manager dated November 18,1994 The letter stated as follows
Your ongomg unwillIngness to modify your behavIOur and work cooperatively
With your co-workers and your managers IS creatmg a difficult work envIronment
and mterfenng With the efficient operatIon of the office. This letter, therefore,
constItutes a formal warmng that any further mCIdent of smlilar disruptIve
behavlOurs m the workplace will lead to diSCiplinary action up to and mcluding
dlsrmssal. A copy of thIS letter will be placed In your corporate personal file.
After recelvmg the letter of WarnIng Ms. Flemmg went to see Ms SmIth. She told Ms
SmIth that Ms. Allen was gettmg on her nerves and explamed why she wasn't gettmg along wIth
Ms. Reyes any longer There was a second meetmg on that day, after 5 00 pm, when the Gnevor
stated that she wanted the warmng letter removed from her file Ms SmIth also testified that Ms
FlemIng had been offered counselling through the employee counsellmg sefVIce which IS a
confidentIal sefVIce She said that Ms FlemIng did not want counselling.
Mr Hergash testIfied that teamwork was reqUired under the new genenc Job descnptIOn
and that the changes to the Job had caused stress and some COnflict for front line employees. He
stated that With fewer supervIsors front lme staff were also reqU1r~d to solve theIr own problems
Ms. Smith testified that m October of 1994 SIX members of the staff, mcludmg Ms
FlemIng, made a complaint against theIr manager, Ms. Allen. Partly as a result of these
complamts and the name callIng InCident between Ms. Reyes and the Gnevor, she deCided that
there had been so much change, downslZlng etc , that some traImng on team buildIng and stress
management would be appropnate for the whole Branch. A senes of three workshops were put
on for the employees of the Branch.
Ms Smith testified about other COnflICtS WIth Ms Allen and Ms FlemIng which occurred
m November mcludmg a disagreement about time spent on the Umted Way fundraIsmg and
comments by the Gnevor that she was stressed out followed by the statement that It was a Joke
Throughout tills tIme Ms Flemmg often came to Ms. Smith's office If there was a problem. Ms.
Page 5 of 21
Srmth testified that she recommended to Ms. Flermng that she try and work out her differences
With her Immediate supemsor rather than come to her Ms. Flermng was not dIscIplmed for any
of these mCIdents.
The One Day SuspensIOn
On Januag 30, 1995 Ms. Flermng's supervisor, Ms Allen, complamed to Ms Srmth m
wntmg With a copy to Mr Hergash that on January 26 she had felt threatened and scared by the
actIons of Ms. Flermng. It was Ms. Allen's eVIdence at the heanng that the confltct With Ms
Flermng had begun nght from the first week that Ms. Flermng had begun to work under her
supervIsIOn m the fall of 1994 and there had been one mCldent after another smce that time Her
eVidence of what occurred on January 26 IS best summanzed by her letter.
I believe that the conflict has reached a pOInt where I am not only constantly
stressed, but I also feel that It may escalate to somethmg very dangerous. I feel
thIS way because of the manner m which Cleo acted last Thursday m my office
Cleo came to my office at about 2 30pm and handed me a speedy memo She was
askmg for three hours offwork for an 11 45am appomtment. I asked her why she
would give me a note, askmg for time off on Fnday, when she had failed to give
me a note for tIme taken off on that day She told me that she was only away for a
few rmnutes. I told her that she was 35 mmutes late She argued about the tune
and started, agaIn, to tell me that I have bad management skills and that I am
accusmg her of stealing tIme from the office She also told me that I am always
Plckmg on her I explamed that I was only remmdmg her that the reqUIrement to
mform the manager IS the same whether you take thIrty mmutes or three hours.
She kept on argumg and telling me how bad a manager I am, I told her to stop and
to leave my office. She stopped talking but contInued staring at me for a few
rmnutes. I told her I will call someone If she does not leave my office and that she
IS harassmg me. She still did not leave my office and contmued stanng at me. Tills
time she looked disturbed and making faces at me At one pomt she stuck her
tongue out. I spoke louder so that staff outSIde of my office would hear As I
remembered that she did not like to have her picture taken, I told her that I had a
camera m my office and would take her picture If she did not stop She moved
near the door of my office, but contmued to make faces at me Agam I told her to
leave or I would take her picture She finally left when I stood up and pretended
to open my drawer Later, when I met her m the hallway, she agam made faces
and stuck her tongue out at me
Ms Allen's Said that Ms. Flemmg was adversely affectmg not only herself, but others m the
office
Page 6 of 21
After the mCIdent of January 26, 1995 Ms. SmIth smd that Mr Vibert Perreira, a Human
Resources Consultant m the Mimstry who had been mvolved m adVIsmg her throughout, was
asked to meet WIth Ms. FlemIng and Ms. Allen, m Ms. SmIth's presence, to mvestIgate what
happened. Mr Perreira testIfied that he thought both the Gnevor and Ms Allen could have
handled the mCIdent better Ms. SmIth considered the results of tills meetmg and, after diScussIon
WIth Mr Hergash;- deCided to suspend Ms. FlemIng for one day The letter of suspenSIOn was
delIvered to Ms. FlemIng on February 2, 1995 CounsellIng was agam offered and at tills pomt
Ms. FlemIng deCIded to accept It.
InCidents Between the SuspensIOn and TermInatIOn
Ms FlemIng was transferred to a new manager, Elame Terrelonge, who supervised the
Gnevor for SIX to seven months There was some eVIdence from Ms Terrelonge of some
performance problems WIth Ms FlemIng. She appeared exhausted and on one occaSIOn dunng a
tralmng session began to nod off Mr Hergash's eVIdence was that she was not disciplIned for
any of tills and he made It clear that the Employer did not dismiss Ms Flem1l1g for poor
performance. Therefore, the eVIdence gIven by Ms Terrelonge IS not matenal.
In June of 1995 Ms. Herbert, who was a Manager m the Branch, complamed m wntmg for
a second time that Ms. FlemIng was allegmg sexual harassment agamst her Tills complamt was
referred to the W.D.H.P mvestlgator However, nothmg was done after Ms Herbert retired m
November 1995 Ms Herbert was vehement m her demal of any harassment ofMs FlemIng.
The "pokmg" mCldent occurred In December 1996 Ms. Allen had asked another co-
worker of Ms. FlemIng's to show her a procedure on the computer Ms FlemIng had been
trmned on tills procedure previously, but had forgotten how to do It. Ms Allen asked her where
her notes were and Ms. FlemIng mltIally could not find them. Ms Allen looked over across a
desk and noticed Ms. Flemmg's notes and then handed them to her Ms. Allen tapped Ms.
FlemIng on the shoulder to get her attention m order to hand her the notes Ms FlemIng
exclaimed that she was hurtmg her and accordIng to Ms Allen wanted to go to the hospital.
Ms. SmIth testIfied that over the years Ms. Flemmg had had dIfficult relatIOnsillps WIth
three managers, Ms Herbert, Ms. Allen and Ms Terrelonge. Denzel Burnett was Ms flemIng's
Page 7 of 21
-
last manager and before ills retirement In 1996, Ms. Flermng saId to illm that she hoped he
wouldn't stutter when he made ills speech. Ms. SmIth concluded that In the end the Gnevor
couldn't get along WIth Mr Burnett either Mr Burnett did not complaIn to anyone about tills
remark, and Ms. FlemIng was not dIsCIplined.
Mr Hergash acknowledged In cross-exarmnatlOn that Ms Flermng was not dIsCIplined
between F ebruaI-y" 1995 and her ternunatlon In January of 1997 He said there was a contInUatlOn
of counselling "to meet the ongoIng pattern of behavIOur whIch had happened SInce 1991 " The
only eVIdence of counselling dunng tills penod IS when Mr Hergash counselled Ms. Flermng for
operung a letter marked confidential, when she was processIng the mail. It was also Ms Srmth's
vIew that between the notIce of the one-day suspensIon and the terrmnatIOn there were ongoIng
problems of the same sort WIth Ms. Flemmg, although nothmg reqUired dlsclphne
The Final InCIdent
Anna Campagna, a fellow Customer Service Liaison Officer, witnessed the InCident In
January of 1997 when Ms. Flemmg yelled at a customer and gave eVidence at the heanng. Ms
Campagna was the one who was actually Imtlally dealing WIth the customer and Ms. Flermng was
domg the searches When Ms. Campagna took the firushed searches to the customer, the
customer looked through the papers and said one was mIssmg. There were supposed to be SIX.
Ms Campagna called Ms Flermng to the counter and told her that there was a rmssmg search.
Ms Campagna testified that Ms. Flemmg was upset when she amved at the counter and grabbed
the papers rougWy from the customer She testified further that Ms Flemmg didn't tillnk there
was anytillng rmssmg and that she was very rude and very loud In her statements to the customer
She was standIng nght beSIde the two of them throughout thiS InCIdent. She SaId that the mCldent
went on for about five mInutes, or a little more The customer appeared shaken to Ms
Campagna. Ms Campagna asked the customer If she wanted her to tell her manager what had
happened and the customer saId no, that she dIdn't want to get mvolved. She saw Judith
Thompson, a fellow Customer ServIce LIaISOn Officer, approach Ms Flemmg to speak to her, but
she dId not hear the conversatlOn.
Ms. Thompson testIfied to what she observed on January 2, 1997 when Ms Flermng
yelled at a customer Ms. Thompson was about ten feet away from where the Gnevor was
Page 8 of 21
servmg a customer at the counter She overheard loud talkIng, loud enough to attract her
attentIOn. She did not remember exactly what Ms. Flemmg was saYIng, but she was lInmedIately
aware that Ms Flemmg was spea.k1ng mappropnately to the customer She recalled Ms Flemmg
saYIng "It's all your fault" to the customer or somethmg sImilar to that. She noted that the
customer looked nervous and she couldn't hear the customer's VOIce.
Ms. Thompson testIfied that she felt like saYIng somethmg to Ms Flermng lInmedIately,
but she did not want to make the SItuatIOn worse. She thought the mCIdent went on for about five
rmnutes. When the mCIdent was over she went to Ms Flermng's desk and politely asked her
"How would you like someone to speak to you as you did to the customer?" She testified that
the Gnevor Said In a harsh and loud VOIce "Mind your own busmess." Ms. Flermng told her to go
away and that the matter dId not concern her Ms. Thompson replied that It was her busmess
because they were all m the busmess of servmg customers. She was told agam to go away by Ms
Flermng. Ms. Thompson went to Mr Hergash to report what had happened to her At that pomt
Mr Hergash went back to look for the customer who had already left.
Ms. Srruth testIfied that Ms. Thompson, then-umon steward, also spoke to her about the
InCIdent. Ms Srmth saId that It was Mr Hergash that mtervIewed the staff and the customer Ms
SmIth discussed the matter With Human Resources and the ASSistant Deputy Mimster, Despma
Georgas, and made the deCISIon to dismiSS Ms Flemmg.
In cross-examInatIOn Ms Srmth acknowledged that she relied on the follOWing mCldents m
order to make her deCISion to tennInate Ms FlemIng. She relied on the radiO mCldent; the
mCldents leadmg to the letter of warnIng dated November 25, 1994, the mCldent WIth Ms Allen
when Ms. Flermng refused to leave her office and was subsequently suspended. She relied on Ms.
Flermng's allegatIOns that Ms Herbert was sexually harassmg her m June 1995, that Ms. Allen
poked her In the neck dunng a traInIng sessIOn m December of 1996, remarks about her
supervIsor Mr Burnett m December of 1996 That the staff were afraid of her was a factor
Finally, she relied on the mCldent when Ms Flemmg yelled at a customer on January 2, 1997 She
acknowledged that there was no dlsclplme on any of the matters between the suspensIOn m early
1995 and Ms. Flermng's tennmatlOn m January of 1997 Ms Smith stated that she would not
have fired the Gnevor m 1997 If thIs had been the first mCldent. She stated that she and Mr
Hergash bent over backwards to be helpful to Ms. Flemmg and to be tolerant.
Page 9 of 21
THE GRIEVOR'S EVIDENCE
Ms Flermng gave eVIdence for two days She testified first about the radIO mCldent and
her eVIdence was substantIally the same as noted earlIer m the decIsion. The Gnevor had asked
Ms. Walters to turn offher radIo because she didn't like her mUSIC and It was bothenng her The
differences m eVidence about who saId what to whom after are not matenal to the decIsion.
Regardmg the name-calling mCldent, Ms Flermng's eVIdence was that she asked Ms.
Reyes for assIstance m settmg a date stamp and Ms. Reyes replIed "You Jerk, you Jerk, why are
you cormng to me?" It was Ms. Flermng's eVIdence that she was called a name first, but she did
adrmt to makmg the remarks "OInk. Omk." at least two tImes later m the day to Ms. Reyes as she
passed her She testified that as she looks back now she sees that she was overly concerned to
defend herself from the warmng letter about the name-callmg and that she must have appeared
argumentative to her superVIsors when she refused to take the letter from Ms Allen, wruch was
sent to both Ms. Reyes and herself, saymg that name-callmg was mappropnate She also adrmtted
that makmg the remarks "Omk. OInk." were uncalled for and that It only made a bad situation
worse
The Gnevor's eVIdence on the October 25, 1994 mCldent when she was accused ofyelhng
at a co-worker IS that Sandra Tash called out to her, ordenng her to open the mail. Ms Flemmg
told her to mmd her own busmess. She Said she was readmg work manuals and It was Ms. Tash
who made the comment "ThiS gIrl gets on my nerves."
Ms Flermng testIfied to the mCldent whIch occurred WIth Ms Allen m her office on
January 26, 1995 willch led to her one day suspensIOn. She stated that she went to Ms. Allen's
office to ask for the three hours off m order to attend an appomtment. Ms Allen kept askmg her
why she had not wntten a memo makmg the request over and over agaIn. She testified that she
felt stressed out by tills encounter and told Ms. Allen that she now realized why another co-
worker was on Sick leave, and that was because she had to work under Ms. Allen. She
acknowledged that she was asked to leave and did not leave until the third request. She gnmaced
because of what she described as the pam and agony of the mCIdent, and she doesn't remember
stIckIng her tongue out. She also testified that she IS not afraId of haVIng her picture taken. She
Page 10 of 21
was of the VIew that she was domg a very good Job m her work, but Ms. Allen was not
recogmzmg it.
Ms. Flermng testIfied that she thought Ms. Herbert looked at her m a sexual way She
discussed tills concern With a W.D .H.P Counsellor who advIsed her to speak to Ms. Herbert and
tell her that she didn't like her looking at her tills way Ms. Flermng did speak to Ms. Herbert m
her office on June'21, 1995 Ms Herbert became very angry and told the Gnevor to leave, willch
she did. She spoke to Mr Hergash about the IncIdent. She was not dlsclphned or counselled
about It.
In December 1996 the "pokmg" IncIdent occurred. Ms. Flemmg gave eVIdence that Ms
Allen stood beillnd her and poked her three tImes m the nape of her neck. She turned and saId
"I'm hurt," or "That hurts" Her memory IS not clear as to what happened after that, but she
believes that she was the first one to complaIn to Mr Hergash and she told illm that she had a
back problem and tills IS why the pokmg hurt. It was her eVidence that she didn't seek additional
medical treatment smce she was already seeIng a physIotherapist for her back problem.
Ms Flemmg testIfied as to the Incident on January 2, 1997 willch led to her dlsrmssa1. It
was her eVIdence that Ms Campagna brought searches to her and saId "Here are seven searches
to do" Ms. FlemIng looked at the papers and noted that on one form there was a signature that
no person or corporatIOn was identified m part one of the form. So she did the searches and she
told her that there was one search that was blank. She then went off to grab lunch and when she
returned Ms Campagna was standIng over Ms FlemIng's computer Then she Said that the
customer had noted that one search had not been done Another co-worker J01l1ed the two of
them and saId "Here IS another search." Ms. Campagna took the searches and went back to the
client. Ms. flemIng followed. Ms. Campagna had not allowed Ms flemIng to see the searches
agaIn and she Simply handed them to the customer It was at thIS pOInt that Ms Flermng took the
searches from the customer and SaId "I did the searches." Ms Campagna asked Ms Flermng why
she was speaking so loudly and the client made a gesture like "It's ok" With her hands up It was
at tills pomt that Ms Flemmg SaId to the chent "It's your fault."
It was Ms. FlemIng's eVidence that she realized ImmedIately that she was wrong, but she
didn't apologIze She knows that she would have sounded frustrated and that her vOice must
have been a bIt raised She was frustrated because she had made a New Year's resolutIOn to do
Page 11 of 21
, good work and she didn't thmk that she had made a mistake She spoke to Mr Hergash shortly
after trus InCIdent and she admItted the statement that she had made to the chent. She recognIzed
In her eVIdence that It was wrong to speak to a customer that way and that she shouldn't have
done It.
Ms. FlemIng testIfied that she had enjoyed workmg under other supefV1sors like Ms.
Terrelonge, RuthYoster and Denzel Burnett. She testIfied further that havmg been home for a
year now she recognIzed that she was too defenSive about makmg a mIstake and that she tended,
therefore, to be argumentatIve With people For the last year she has been gettmg counsellmg
from Dr Opheha MacDonald, and she trunks that she has changed. She now beheves that most of
the mCldents that occurred could have been aVOided by her
Dr MacDonald's EVIdence
Dr MacDonald IS a regIstered psychologIst and has been m practIce smce 1983 The
Employer agreed to her beIng qualified as an expert. Dr MacDonald saw Ms FlemIng once m
July of 1991 Then she saw her on an mfrequent basIs between then and 1997 when she began to
see her once a week for counselling. She testified that mltlally It was unclear what was wrong
WIth Ms. FlemIng. Dr MacDonald ordered a battery of standard psychologIcal tests to be done
mcludmg inter alia the Weschler Adult IntellIgence Test, SchematIC AperceptIOn and a Roshack.
Dr Bruce Willock was the psychologist who did the testmg ofMs Flemmg. The results of the
testmg showed that Ms Flemmg has a non-verbal learnIng disorder The general symptoms of
tills disorder mclude dIfliculty learnmg. non-verbal InstructIOns are dIfficult for her to manage
Amongst other symptoms Ms. FlemIng has the followmg which are common to trus disorder
maccurately mterpretmg body and faCial expreSSIOns, a tendency to Interpret language literally;
dIfficulty WIth Visual spacIal processIng; an mability to understand cnttclsm unless It IS explamed
expliCItly; a tendency towards a smgle-mmded perspective
Dr MacDonald testified that psychologists do not distmgulsh whether a learrung disorder
IS an illness. She noted that the problem probably anses from a bram defiCIt. The treatment IS
psychotherapy mvolvmg education and explanatIon of the disorder The goal m treatment IS to try
to help Ms FlemIng learn that she has a disability and IS not a bad person. The psychotherapy IS
Page 12 of 21
designed to assist Ms Flemmg on how to cope With her deficIt. In Dr MacDonald's letter of
oplmon on Ms. Flenung's condition she stated.
Psychological testmg suggests that Ms. Flenung has a non-verballearnmg
dlsabihty People wIth tills non-verballearnmg dlsabihty often have trouble pIckmg
up non-verbal cues m SOCIal situatIons Her difficulty m graspmg the subtleties of
cause-and-effect relatIOnsillps m SOCIal situatIOns nught have played a slgmficant
role m mterpersonal dilemmas she got caught up m at work. It IS likely that as Ms
Flenung reports the extra tIme that she has had to reflect on and diSCUSS the
problem has enabled her to gam perspective and create new ways for handlmg such
problems.
Ms. Flenung would benefit greatly from returnmg to work. Her general
mood and self-esteem would be greatly Improved and tills would make It more
likely that she could successfully return to work. She will need help m the return
process to reduce the chance for gettmg mto more difficulty A supportive
supefV1sor or co-worker who could help her figure what IS gomg on and how to
react m upsettmg SOCial situations would be very Important.
When asked about Ms Flemmg's prognosIs, Dr MacDonald said that Ms Flenung can learn to
modrfY some of her behaVIour Smce begmnIng psychotherapy she has been able to conSider
another person's perspective and she IS understandIng now that she sometimes nusmterprets what
people say She IS now figunng out ways to get clanficatlOn and aVOid COnflict. Dr MacDonald
recommended that a learrung disabled specialist do an assessment of the workplace and that Ms
Flenung contmue m psychotherapy and Jom a learnIng disabled self-help group
In cross-exanunatlOn Dr MacDonald was questIOned about certa1l1 statements that
appeared m her opInIOn letter Dr MacDonald referred to taunts from co-workers and someone
liftmg her skirt to her waIst to show underwear to Ms Flemmg Counsel for the Employer asked
Dr MacDonald Ifhe could prove thiS did not happen would It change her opInIOn ofMs Flenung.
Dr MacDonald testified that with thiS learnmg dIsorder mlsperceptlon was common. People With
thiS type of learrung dIsability mterpret the world differently Tills could look like fabncatIon to
others, but It IS not. Ms FlemIng's perceptIOn that others might be abUSIng or sexually haraSSIng
her IS also part of the mlsperceptIOn symptom of the illness
Page 13 of 21
EMPLOYER'S SUBMISSION
Counsel for the Employer reViewed key pOInts In the eVidence He noted that Ms
FlemIng was apologetic about some of the sIgruficant COnflicts between herself and others, but she
still believes thIngs that Just didn't happen. Counsel argued that I should prefer the eVidence of
Ms. Allen over Ms FlemIng With regard to the Incident on January 26, 1995 wruch resulted In the
suspensIOn ofMs. Fleming. He urged me to find that Ms. FlemIng did stick her tongue out at Ms.
Allen. I was also urged to find that Ms flemIng was not telling the truth In describIng the pokIng
InCIdent; that, In fact, she was tapped on the shoulder Counsel also urged me to prefer the
eVidence ofMs Thompson and Ms Campagna WIth regards to the InCIdent of January 2,1997 for
wruch Ms. FlemIng was ternunated.
Counsel argued that the InCident on January 2, 1997 was the culmInatIng InCident and,
therefore, I should look at Ms flemIng's whole record. He argued that diSmIssal was appropnate
given the record. Counsel for the Employer cited Greyhound LInes of Canada 22 L.A.C (4th) 291
on the proposItIOn that an employer may slap steps In progressive diSCIplIne If the mIsconduct
warrants ternunatlon and further If the gnevor IS not capable of respondIng to corrective disciplIne
then trus too would warrant terrmnatlOn. In Greyhound the gnevor was diSmIssed for beIng rude
to a customer
Counsel noted that there had been progressive diSCipline In thiS case a letter of warrung In
November of 1994 wruch referred to InCidents In the fall, a dISCiplInary letter suspendIng Ms
flemIng In February of 1995 for the InCIdent which occurred on January 26 In Ms. Allen's office,
and the dIsmIssal for the InCident on January 2, 1997 Counsel argued that the Employer had
reViewed the whole record In the last SIX years, and the attempts to counsel Ms FlemIng. He
argued that the purpose of progressive dISCiplIne was to give the employee a reasonable
opportumty to correct the conduct. She had been adequately warned and had not Improved her
conduct at work.
Counsel argued that Dr MacDonald's opInIOn was of limIted value to the Board SInce, In
rus View, she only did half of the Job It was rus view that Dr MacDonald should have done aJob
assessment and, In fact, the cntlcal aspect In hIS view now was whether or not Ms FlemIng would
Page 14 of 21
be able to do the Job He also argued that Dr MacDonald's oplmon was based on Ms Flemmg's
VIew of what happened In the workplace. Much of trus has been dIsputed.
Counsel argued that the suspensIOn, wruch IS before the Board, be upheld because there IS
clear eVIdence that Ms. FlemIng stuck her tongue out at Ms Allen. He argued that trus shows
blatant dIsrespect for management and that a one-day suspensIOn was appropnate. He argued
further that the one day suspenSIOn was an appropnate and logical next step after a warnIng letter
gIven In Novemb~ of 1994
Counsel argued further, In the alternatIve, that If the Board decIded to reInstate Ms.
Flemmg I should reVIew C.U.P.E. (Hart) and Mimstry ofMumclpal Affairs and HOUSIng [1985]
G S.B 74/84 as an example of a case where a gnevor was reInstated conditIOnally He argued
that Ms. Flermng should be given no back pay and that the time from her dlsrmssal to any
reInstatement should count as a suspensIOn. If another InCIdent should occur, the Employer
should be perrmtted to use her pnor rustory to prove that dIsrmssalls warranted. Ms. Flermng
should contInue to get counselling. Counsel also cited the followmg cases In support of rus
subrmsslOn. OPSEU (Chung-Wal Wa) and the Mimstry of TransportatIOn and CommumcatIOns
[1986] G S B 598/85, OLBEU (Reed) and L.C.B.O. [1980] G S.B 50/79, ITT Cannon Canada
[1990] 15 L A.C (4th) 369, IntercontInental Packers Ltd. [1990] 16 L A.C (4th) 328
UNION'S SUBMISSION
Umon Counsel Withdrew the gnevance about the warnIng letter Issued November 1994 at
the begmmng of her final argument. Her submiSSion related to the suspensIOn of one day and the
dismIssal. Counsel argued that thiS suspenSIOn was not warranted and that the terrmnatlOn was
not appropnate because there was no progressive diSCiplIne Further, the Gnevor had
acknowledged that her actIOns were wrong, and there were strong rmtlgatIng factors wruch the
Board should conSider
SubrmsslOn on the SuspenSIOn Gnevance
Counsel argued that Ms. Flermng was not InsubordInate on January 26, 1995 Ms. Allen
said that Ms. flemIng refused to leave the office, but the eVIdence from Ms Flermng was that she
Page 15 of 21
was upset and took a few mInutes to gather herself before she left. Counsel for the Employer had
argued that Ms. Allen had had no reason to exaggerate what had happened m the office. But
Counsel for the Umon argued that she dId have a reason. Ms. Allen was aware that there had
been a complamt by employees agamst her and she believed that It was mstIgated by Ms. Flemmg.
Therefore, Counsel argued, It IS more likely that Ms. Flemmg did not mtentIOnally stIck out her
tongue Counsel.f'omted out that Mr Pemera's eVIdence regardmg the meetmg between Ms
SITllth, Ms Allen and the Gnevor on tills mCIdent was that both could have handled the mCldent
better She argued that Ms FleITllng's behavIOur may have been mappropnate, but another
warnIng letter would have been more reasonable
SUbITllSSIOn on the DISITllSSaI
Counsel argued that Ms Sffilth acknowledged that had the Gnevor's record been clean
she would not have termmated her However, she argued that the long list of reasons or mCldents
for willch Ms Flemmg was not disciplined did not support a discIpline record and that the
Employer could not now rely on these mCIdents to bolster the termInation. She emphaSized that
there was no discIpline and no record of counselling, between February 1995 and January 1997
The Employer can not be permitted to rely on anythmg that happened In thiS penod If there was
no formal discipline Tills then covers mCIdents With regard to Beverly Herbert and ElaIne
Terrelonge In the case of the latter, tills behaVIOur could have warranted dIsclplme, but the
Employer chose not to even put a letter on the employee's file Counsel argued that vanous other
mCIdents, the comment to Mr Burnett and the pokmg mCIdent With Ms Allen, did not result m
diSCIpline and should not be part of any record that supports termInation.
Counsel argued that the radiO mCldent of 1993 which resulted m a secondment willch was
non-disciplinary can not be used to bolster the terrmnatlOn. The confllctmg reports as to what
happened, In fact, do not matter At the tIme, Mr Hergash deCIded not to figure out what had
happened or whom to believe. He arranged the temporary assignment of Ms. FleITllng to allow
everyone to cool off.
Counsel for the Umon Cited Air Canada [1981] 4 L A. C (3d) 68, a deCISion of Arbitrator
ShIme. ArbItrator ShIme held that there are llImts to how far an Employer can go back to attempt
to use mCIdents where there has been no diSCIpline to support dISCIpline m a recent mCIdent.
Page 16 of 21
~-----
Counsel pomted out that much of Ms. Allen's eVIdence With regards to difficulty m
superVISIon of Ms. Flemmg related to performance SInce Mr Hergash testified that Ms FlemIng
was not termmated for poor performance but for mterpersonal problems With peers and managers,
tills eVIdence IS not relevant.
Counsel also pOInted out that In dlsnussmg Ms. Flemmg Ms. Snuth rehed on mCIdents that
were not proven.~.por example, Ms. Snuth stated m her letter and In her eVIdence that co-workers
were afraId of Ms. Flenung. However, when Umon Counsel cross-exammed each Witness on tills
pomt only Ms. Allen Said she was afraid of Ms. Flemmg.
In Counsel's submIssIon, the Gnevor has admitted that she has had COnflIctS WIth people
m the workplace The Gnevor has also adnutted that she was rude and grabbed the searches from
the customer on January 2, 1997 Only the length of tills mCIdent IS disputed between the
Employer and the Umon. The difference m the perceptIOn oflength of tIme that the mCldent took
may accord with the Dr MacDonald's eVidence that Ms. Flemmg does not have the same
perceptIOn as a normal person. Counsel argued that the tnggenng event for thiS Incident was also
the non-verballearnmg dlsabihty willch has now been Identified and IS a strong nutlgatmg factor
to be conSidered by the Board. In Counsel's submiSSion Dr MacDonald also gave an oplmon that
Ms. Flemmg can and has shown change In behavIOur Counsel argued that Ms. Flenung IS an
employee of long serVIce and thiS, too, IS a strong mitigatIng factor Her first letter of dlsclplme
occurred after mneteen years of service. Counsel revIewed the cases cited by the Employer and
argued that none of these are persuasive given the facts of thiS case.
Counsel argued m summary that there has been no progressIve dlscIplme m tills case, that
there was a sIgmficant dlsabihty only recently diagnosed and, therefore, a short suspensIOn would
be appropnate rather than termmatlOn. Counsel agreed to the followmg conditIOns If the Board
decides to remstate Ms. Flemmg that Ms. Flemmg contmues counselhng With Dr MacDonald.
Tills should not be compulsory but should be under Ms. Flenung's own control. There should be
a reqUIrement that she be allowed tIme off for counselhng.
Page 17 of 21
DECISION
One Day SuspensIon Gnevance
After careful consideratIOn of the eVIdence of Ms. Allen and Ms Flemmg as to the events
of January 26, 1995, I have decIded that m all the circumstances the disciplIne was appropnate. I
make tills deCISIon recogmzmg that there was clearly a personality COnfliCt between Ms. Flemmg
and her supervIsor and acceptmg the eVIdence ofMr Perreira that both women could have
handled It better I am not persuaded that Ms. Flemmg made faces or deliberately stuck her
tongue out. There may well have been a rmsperceptlon of what occurred by Ms. Allen, but there
does not seem to be any doubt that Ms Flermng openly cntlcIzed Ms Allen's management skills
m a hostile and msubordmate manner It IS for thiS and the fact that thiS occurrence came on the
heels of a warmng letter m November 1994 that I find that dIscIpline was warranted and a one-day
suspenSIOn was reasonable.
TermInatIOn Gnevance
In dlsmlssmg Ms Flerrung from her employment the Employer relied on the mCIdent With
the customer which occurred on January 2 of 1997 The Employer argued that tills was a
culrmnatmg mCldent and, therefore, considered Ms Flemmg's whole employment record and
decided to dlsrmss her However, the Employer put forward eVIdence of many mstances where
the Gnevor was not discIplined or even counselled. Ms Smith Indicated m her eVIdence that she
relied on many of these other InCidents, when she decided to dismiSS Ms Flermng.
A culmmatmg mCIdent IS generally an mCldent Which, by ItSelf, would not warrant
dismIssal. But when It has followed a illstory of misconduct and diSCipline for the rmsconduct, It
does JUStify dismissal. However, arbitrators have generally held that the employer cannot rely on
mCldents for willch the gnevor has not been diSCiplined to Justify dismIssal after a culrmnatmg
mCIdent. In Greyhound the Board cIted Brown and Beatty Canadian Labour ArbitratIOn, 3rd
editIOn, paragraph 7 4314, that complamts which are not brought to an employee's attentIOn are
not to be conSidered as part of the employee's dlsclplmary record.
Assummg that the employer IS able to prove the eXistence of a culmmatmg
mCldent, It has been held that It must also show that the matters m that record on
Page 18 of 21
wruch It relies were brought to the employees attentIOn before they can be raIsed
to support the penalty Imposed.
The Board In Greyhound also noted that.
The whole purpose of correctIve dISCIpline IS to Inform an employee that certaIn
conduct IS unacceptable and will not be tolerated. Employees have a nght to know
when theIr behaVIour has been judged to be Improper so that they can eIther
correct theIr behaVIour or dIspute the employer's assessment. Past InCidents,
wruch the' employer conSiders to be examples of Improper conduct, should not be
taken Into conSIderatIon In establisrung the penalty to be Imposed If they were not
raIsed With the employee at the tIme and made subject of some dISCIplinary actIOn.
(p 296)
In Air Canada Arbitrator Srume SaId that Arbitrators tend to reject the resurrectIOn of
these kmds of undIscIplined 1I1cldents
First, because It IS often difficult as a matter of Justice to contest a past InCIdent
where the eVIdence has gone stale as the result of such trungs as memory or lost
records or mISSIng Witnesses. Second, where an employer, particularly one that
uses dISCIpline, does not discipline an employee, the employee IS entitled to assume
that the mistake or error was of a non-disciplinary nature and that hiS conduct or
actIons fell wltrun a reasonable standard. In these situations the employee IS led
Into a false sense of secunty about the standard demanded In that partIcular job
Trurd, the pnor InCidents are often rejected on the underlYIng assumptIOn
that the use IS part of a "kItchen SInk" approach to dIscipline. That approach IS
one wruch seeks to Include all past InCidents In order to JUStify diSCIplIne for a
recent InCident. There are a limIted number of cases where employers have thrown
In everytrung possible that might have occurred In the past In order to bolster their
disciplinary response In a partIcular situatIOn. The rejectIon of past InCIdents by
arbitrators thus flows from a skeptICISm about an approach that at one tIme
conSidered an InCident as non-dISCiplInary and then suddenly changed.
With the above pnnclples In mInd, I find the eVidence of Inappropnate comments at
Chnstmas parties and the like, datIng back to 1993, that were more In the nature of SOCIal faux
pas, not summanzed In the eVIdence here, do not JUStIfy the dIsmIssal The Employer did not rely
on these to make the deCISIon to ternunate Ms FlemIng and she was not dISCiplIned for these
comments at the tIme. Many of these comments or InCidents are Simply too old to resurrect now,
even If they ever Justified discIpline. Tills applies likeWise to the radiO InCident, for wruch there
was no diSCIpline and all the "occurrences" between the one-day suspensIOn and Ms FlemIng's
terrrunatlOn, some of wruch mIght have Justified dlscIplme
Page 19 of 21
The eVIdence ofMs Flemmg's allegatlons agaInst Ms. Herbert should not be conSidered,
gIven the pnncIples outlmed m Air Canada. More Importantly, the Employer made no effort to
mvestIgate and estabhsh whether the complamt was vahd or made mahcIOusly Ms Herbert's
eVIdence was that nothmg was done before she retIred m November 1995 It IS mappropnate to
rely on this now to JUStIfy Ms. Flemmg's dlsrrussal.
The Employer acknowledged that there was no dlsclplme between February 1995 and
January 1997 Further, the Employer has not conVInced me that Ms. Flemmmg's fellow
employees and managers - except Ms. Allen - were afraId ofMs Flerrung, a factor which Ms
Srruth rehed on m makmg the decIsion to termInate the Gnevor The eVidence was that she was
dIfficult to work With, and Imtatmg.
Thus the record to be exarruned mcludes the follOWIng: the mCldents leadmg to the
warrung letter of November 1994, the mCldent on January 26, 1995 WIth Ms Allen which led to a
suspensIOn, and the January 2, 1997 mCldent of rudeness to a customer, whIch the Gnevor has
adrrutted. While Ms Flemmg's behavIOur on January 2, 1997 was senous mIsconduct, It was not
of such a nature that It alone would JUStIfy dIsrrussal And while I have found that the one-day
suspenSIOn for msubordmatIOn was reasonable dISCIplIne m the CIrcumstances, It IS not enough,
even With the warmng letter of November 1994, to JUStify Ms. Flemmg's termmatIon. Even If the
mCldent WIth the chent had occurred close m tlme to the one-day suspenSion, It would not, m my
View, JUStify termmatIOn m thIS case. But almost two years lapsed between the dlsclphne of
February 1995 and the January 2, 1997 mCldent. Thus, after careful conSIderatIOn of the eVidence
and the submiSSIons of Counsel, I have deCided that the Employer wrongly termmated Ms.
Flemmg. The Umon has acknowledged on Ms Flerrung's behalf that some dlsclphne was
warranted for the January 2, 1997 mCldent. Ms. Flerrung has also recogmzed m eVIdence that her
treatment of the customer was wrong. Some dIscIphne IS warranted and I have deCIded that a five
day suspenSIOn IS more appropnate.
In decIdmg on an appropnate lesser penalty I have conSidered the mltlgatmg factors m this
case. Ms. Flerrung IS an employee of over twenty years of servtce, who seems to have begun to
have problems when the "genenc" position was established reqUInng Customer Servtce LiaISOn
Officers to be tramed m all aspects of servtce dehvery Given the medical eVIdence of Ms.
Flerrung's learmng dlsabihty, thiS change of Job dutles may well have aggravated her condItIOn.
Page 20 of 21
Dr MacDonald suggested that a learnmg dIsabled specIalIst do an assessment of Ms. Flenung's
Job and I would strongly recommend that tills be done. Ms Flenung has adnutted that she had
COnflIcts With people and the eVIdence was clear that she was difficult and Imtatmg to her
coworkers at times It would be helpful for all concerned - Ms Flemmg, her co-workers and
supervIsors - to work With the specIalist m devlsmg a work regIme that will allow Ms. Flenung to
aVOId the behavloor of the last several years of her employment.
In summary, the gnevance for the dIscIpline for the mCldent on January 26, 1995 IS demed.
The gnevance allegmg unjust dIsmissal succeeds A lesser penalty of a five day suspensIOn IS
substituted. The Gnevor should be remstated Immediately, and except for the five day
suspenSIOn, paId back pay With mterest and benefits Semonty should reflect the two suspensIOns
I shall remam seIzed In the event that the parties have any difficulty Implementmg the award.
Dated at Toronto tills 11th day of September 1998
D~
J. .,
Page 21 of 21