HomeMy WebLinkAbout1996-0227.MILLER97_04_22
OWTARIO EMPLOYES DE LA COURONNE
CROWN EMPLOYEES DE L'OWTARIO
1111 GRIEVANCE COMMISSION DE
SETTLEMENT ,
REGLEMENT
BOARD DES GRIEFS
180 DUNDAS STREET WEST, SUITE 2100, TORONTO ON M5G 1Z8 TELEPHONE/TELEPHONE (416) 326-1388
180, RUE DUNDAS OUEST, BUREAU 2100. TORONTO (ON) M5G 1Z8 FACSIMILE/TELECOPIE (416) 326-1396
GSB # 227/96
OLBEU # OLB098/96
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
OLBEU (Miller)
Grievor
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Liquor Control Board of ontario)
Employer
BEFORE: 0 Kates Vice-Chairperson
FOR THE M Gottheil
GRIEVOR Counsel
Caroline, Engelmann, Gottheil
Barristers & Solicitors
FOR THE M Gage
EMPLOYER Counsel
Liquor Control Board of ontario
HEARING July 26, 1996
October 24, 1996
April 7, 1997
1
Decision
This grievance pertains to the grievor's challenge of the
employer's decision to discharge him from his Customer Service
position (Clerk III) at the employer's store outlet at Brockville,
Ontario The grievor is a long service employee with twenty years
seniority in the employer's employ
The employer conceded at the outset that the three employee
infractions for which discipline was imposed would not of
themselves constitute cause for the discharge penalty Rather, in
having regard to the grievor's previous disciplinary record and
commonly accepted standards for "progressive discipline" the
infractions for which the discharge penalty was assessed
constituted appropriate culminating incidents
Because of the admissions made by the trade union with respect
to the alleged culminating incidents and the findings I intend to
make with respect to these infractions, some comment about the
grievor's prior disciplinary record is in order Within a period
of twelve (12) months prior to the grievor's termination, the
employer has found it appropriate to impose discipline on four
occasions for employee misconduct that can hardly be considered
trivial concerns Indeed in the one case the employer appears to
have had grounds for just cause for termination (for theft of store
merchandise) but deferred doing so Rather, a twenty day
suspension was imposed along with "a last chance" warning with
respect to his future status with the employer
Notwlthstanding this last chance warning the employer
2
exhibited a reluctance to impose the discharge penalty on the
occasion of two subsequent infractions for which milder
disciplinary penalties were invoked
The employer, and more particularly, Mr Ron Flett, District
,
Manager, have attempted to extend to the grievor every reasonable
opportunity to rehabilitate himself through the disciplinary
process so that Mr Miller might maintain his employment
It is also of some relevance to observe that the grievor's
personal situation has been beset by a variety of unsettling
difficulties At all material times he has admitted to being a
recovering alcoholic engaged in remedial measures to overcome his
addiction At the material time of the culminating incidents he
was separated from his wife and was engaged in embittered legal
proceedings with respect to custodial and financial issues that
often arise out of a dissolved marriage Moreover, he has
encountered difficulties in meeting his financial commitments from
his termination and his ineligibility to secure unemployment
insurance benefits and his inability to obtain welfare
There is no doubt that the employer at the time of its
decision to terminate was made aware of the grievor's personal
difficulties, and, indeed, it may be inferred that that awareness
played some role with respect to its reluctance to terminate the
grievor's employ on previous occasions when discharge may have been
warranted Rather, the written record does show that the employer
has referred the grievor to its EAP programme for assistance
Moreover, when the grievor complained that the managerial functions
3
that were required of him while occupied in the former position of
Store Manager, Prescott, Ontario, the employer arranged for his
voluntary demotion to the position he occupied at the time of his
termination In fact, the grievor has acknowledged that the
employer's co-operation in the above regard most likely preempted
the imposition of yet another disciplinary penalty for the
committal of a drinking infraction during the course of duty
Accordingly, what this grievance is about (as reiterated
during the grievor's disciplinary interview of March 18, 1996) is
whether at arbitration Mr Miller should be extended one more IIlast
chance II
From the trade union's perspective it has maintained, without
necessarily denying the occurrence of the incidents for which the
grievor was terminated, that on the one hand they were so IItrivialll
in nature that the invocation of the notion of the culminating
incident (underlying the doctrine of progressive discipline) was
not applicable or, on the other, that no serious infractions
occurred that would otherwise justify arbitral review of the
grievor's disciplinary record From the employer's perspective
although it has conceded that the three alleged infractions that
constituted the culminating incidents were hardly IItrivialll or
inconsequential, their occurrence per se would not justify
imposition of the discharge penalty In short, from both parties'
perspectives consideration of the grievor's past record is
essential in my determining the appropriateness of the discharge
penalty
4
Despite initial indications to the contrary, the three
incidents for which the grievor was terminated were relatively
straightforward and may be briefly described
On February 20 and 21, 1996, the grievor and Ms Lisa Gemmell,
a casual employee, were assigned to the evening shift Both Mr
Miller and Ms Gemmell performed cashiering duties during that
shift Because the grievor was the more senior he was couched with
managerial responsibilities for monitoring the store and was
compensated with a premium in accordance with the terms of the
collective agreement for doing so It is common ground that one
aspect of the store manager's responsibilities pertains to the
administration and enforcement of the employer's rules and
regulations as they related particularly to employee purchases, the
security of cash receipts and the general well being and security
of the store's merchandise The three incidents for which the
grievor was terminated pertained to alleged violations of some of
these rules and regulations
On February 20, 1996, the grievor asked Ms Gemmell, while she
was stationed at her cash register, to II cash II a personal cheque for
$150 00 Ms Gemmell recalled counting out the monies for Mr
Miller's benefit It is also pertinent to observe that Mr Miller
and Ms Gemmell had agreed to share a pizza during their lunch
break The grievor volunteered to pay for the entire pizza as a
portion was intended as a birthday gift for Ms Gemmell At
approximately the time of the cheque transaction Mr Miller also
asked Ms Gemmell lito ring Upll a code representing the purchase of
5
a bottle of whisky The pizza delivery person arrived at the very
time of these transactions and thereby expected to receive payment
for the pizza The grievor handed Ms Gemmell twenty dollars She
interpreted that the purpose of the monies was towards the payment
for the whisky ($19 50 ) Instead the grievor directed her to pay
the delivery person for the pizza Ms Gemmell closed the drawer
to her cash register without receiving immediate payment for the
bottle of whisky The employer's rules with respect to employee
purchases of merchandise read as follows
SUMMARY Staff members are not allowed to fill their own
orders, except in a 1-person store The purchase
must be made by the Store Manager/designate on
behalf of the staff member
Staff may purchase marked down bad label stock and
delisted stock only after 5 business days have
elapsed form the date of the markdown
Procedure follows
Staff Member 1 Ask the Store Manager/designate to fill the
order
Store Manager/ 2 Obtain the requested items from stock
Designate
3 Have the cashier enter the items on the cash
register
4 Seal the package
5 Attach the cash register recelpt to the package
6 Record staff member's name on the package
7 Keep the package in the office until the staff
member has completed his/her work shift for the
day
Ms Gemmell thereupon proceeded to the kitchen area of the
employer's facility to deposit the pizza for consumption later on
She dld not "close" her cash register for the brief period she was
6
away There is no dispute that for an instant Ms Gemmell was out
of sight of her cash register while it was left "unlocked" Mr
Miller, however, remained in the adjacent area of her cash register
while Ms Gemmell completed her task
Upon her return Mr Miller was observed servicing a couple of
customers while using Ms Gemmell's cash register He admitted he
should have directed the customers to his own cash register to
complete the transactions Instead he violated an important rule
relating to maintaining the security of the cash That rule reads
as follows
Cashiers are responsible for cash under their control
While at her cash Ms Gemmell asked Mr Miller whether he had
paid for the "whisky" she had rung up on his behalf She recalled
the grievor responding affirmatively to her question Nonetheless
towards the end of the shift Ms Gemmell observed a discrepancy in
her efforts to reconcile the balance of her receipts That
discrepancy, as events unfolded, was equal to the purchase price of
the bottle of whisky the grievor had bought And when Ms Gemmell
brought the shortage to the grievor's attention he, without
reservation, paid her the requisite amount
The grievor insisted that he had paid for the bottle of whisky
out of the proceeds of the cashed cheque But when challenged to
produce the cancelled cheque (with the validation receipt) to
confirm that hypothesis the grievor could not do so In any event,
had the grievor's version of the manner in which the transaction
occurred been sound there would not have occurred a discrepancy in
7
Ms Gemmell's cash receipts at the end of the shift nor, indeed,
any need for the grievor to make further recompense
It suffices to say that the transactions described above,
namely the cashing of the personal cheque, the purchase of the
pizza and the grievor's purchase of the whisky, occurred so closely
together that confusion reigned and innocent mistakes were
committed by both Mr Miller and Ms Gemmell And, indeed, it
might arguably be advanced that had the rules and regulations that
governed these transactions been adhered to then the
misunderstandings that were later to ensue might have been avoided
Firstly, the uncontradicted evidence disclosed that the
grievor failed to adhere to the appropriate procedure for
completing an employee purchase In accordance with the rules, it
was his duty to bring the desired merchandise to Ms Gemmell's cash
at the time of the purchase and to pay for it Thereupon, Ms
Gemmell ought to have "bagged" and "receipted" the bottle and to
have placed it in a restricted area until the end of the shift at
which time the grievor would leave the store premises with his
purchase No party questioned the reasonableness of the security
objective of this regulation
This did not happen Rather, the grievor did not retrieve his
purchase from the store's shelf until the end of the shift at which
time he was observed exiting the premises carrYlng a brown bag
presumably containing the whisky bottle
What is described above is what actually occurred
Unfortunately, the grievor did not disclose the truth of his
8
participation in the rules' violation to his superiors on the three
occasions he was asked to give his version of the episode Indeed,
on those occasions his description of what had allegedly occurred vV~>
consistent or compatible with the practices that are presribed by
by the employer's rules for employee purchases In sum, the
grievor attempted to contradict the actual version of events as
recited by Ms Gemmell in order to leave the impression that ln
fact she was uttering the untruth As a result the grievor, in my
view, obviously appreciated the gravity of his infraction and the
tenuous nature of his employment situation had he admitted (as he
later was compelled to do) what had actually occurred
As to the committal of the second infraction pertaining to the
unauthorized use of Ms Gemmell/s cash register in order to serve
two customers I the grievor "owned up" to his deviation from the
employer's rules and regulations That is to saYI from a security
perspective, the employer must ensure its capacity to hold an
employee assigned a cash register generally accountable for all
shortages whether innocently made or otherwise In order to
maintain that responsibility only the one person "in control" is to
have access to the cash otherwise the security system designed to
protect both employer and employee breaks down
In describing these episodes the trade union attempted to
demonstrate that the employer was inclined to treat the two
infractions of its rules for which it has held the grievor
accountable as being "trivial" And its strategy for doing so was
to show that Ms Gemmell was equally at fault or responsible for
i
9
the difficulties that later ensued with respect to the grievor's
purchase and his illicit use of her cash Moreover, the
aggravating factor indicative of the employer's treatment of the
grievor's infractions as "minor" pertained to its reluctance to
impose any disciplinary penalty with respect to Ms Gemmell's
aberrations Indeed, my notes of the evidence appear to indicate
that at best Ms Gemmell may have received a verbal reprimand or no
censure whatsoever
It would seem that the most serious of Ms Gemmell's alleged
infractions related to her ringing up the purchase of the whisky on
the grievor's behalf without ensuring payment I do not, however,
hold Ms Gemmell totally responsible, as the trade union urged, for
the grievor's omission to present her with the whisky bottle for
bagging, receipting and storage until the end of the shift In his
capacity as the acting store manager, Mr Miller ought to be held
solely accountable for those deviations from a known and reasonable
rule
Nonetheless, ringing up the code with respect to the purchase
of merchandise without ensuring immediate payment appears to me to
go to the very core function of the cashier s responsibilities
Indeed, later Ms Gemmell appreciated her mistake when she asked
Mr Miller whether he had deposited all necessary monies in her
cash drawer upon her return from the kitchen area after depositing
the pizza At that juncture, Ms Gemmell was assured (erroneously)
by Mr Miller that he had paid for the bottle of whisky In my
opinion Ms Gemmell should have been censured for this mistake even
10
though it was precipitated by her supervisor's directive
A second incident for which Ms Gemmell was criticized
pertained to her leaving the cash "unlocked" while she delivered
the pizza to the kitchen area Mr Ron Flett agreed that because
she was out of sight of her cash register however momentarily while
discharging this task, she was in technical breach of the
employer's rules The cash register should have been "locked"
But, as the evidence disclosed, Ms Gemmell can hardly be said to
have left her cash "unattended" when Mr Miller, the acting store
manager, remained in the vicinity ostensibly to safeguard its
security The relevant portion of the rules relating to
"Unattended Cash Register" read as follows
Unattended When the cash register is not attended
Cash Register
- Cashier must sign off from the System
- cash drawers must be kept closed and locked
While it may be accurate to suggest that had Ms Gemmell
locked her cash, Mr Miller would have been denied access to it for
the purpose of serving the store's customers during her brief
absence, I am equally of the view that Ms Gemmell was entitled to
assume her "acting" boss would not exploit that aberration when he
could have served those same customers by using his assigned cash
register an aisle or two adjacent to Ms Gemmell's Common sense
~ would indicate that Ms Gemmell's technical violation of the rule
(in circumstances where Mr Miller ought to be seen as protecting
her interests) cannot be used as a mitigating factor to justify
accusing the employer for treating his violation of improperly
i
I
,
11
using Ms Gemmell's cash as a "trivial" matter
The third episode that constituted a culminating incident
justifying the grievor's discharge was not established in evidence
to my satisfaction On February 21, 1996, the grievor and Ms
Gemmell were working together on the same evening shift During
his second break (15 minutes) , Mr Miller absented himself from the
store for approximately fifteen minutes in order to attend the
adjacent Zeller's store to make a purchase While absent from the
store, Ms Gemmell was left alone and indeed was at risk of
shoplifters, drunks and underaged persons who might enter the store
premises at will
Apart from these more dangerous concerns while left alone the
store might suddenly become busy with customers while the telephone
may also be ringing
The employer admitted that there is no written rule or
regulation governing the treatment of breaks at the Brockville
store when only two employees are assigned a shift
What appeared to emerge from the evidence was a "loose"
convention or practice to ensure some semblance of securlty for the
person left on duty while the other takes a break
Firstly, the convention appears only to apply during the
evening hours when it is dark outside Most times during the day
there are sufficient employees on staff to permit proper security
for the employees left behind while another is on a break In any
event, even if that lS not the case I was advised that when only
two employees are on duty during the day shift the daylight hours
12
appear to constitute a mitigating factor regarding the more serious
risks to the employee left alone while a colleague is absent during
a break period
The practice that was described suggested that during the
night shift the coworker who is on a break generally remains in the
store area, often in the kitchen where a drink might be consumed
In that instance the employee on break might be summoned to answer
the telephone or serve a customer or otherwise attend to the
assistance of a colleague when warranted
Should an employee desire a smoke during his or her break, he
or she would then exit the store but would remain within sufficient
distance in order to observe what was happening inside through the
window
What also appeared to emerge from the evidence was the notion
that the above described convention did not necessarily apply to
the protection of male employees who were left behind by a
colleague (whether male or female) who decided to run an errand
and/or otherwise disappear on his or her evening break
Moreover, the employer readily admitted that there indeed
existed stores or outlets that were serviced by the one employee on
evenings throughout its retail system And these employees were
not serviced or protected by any support whatsoever from the
security risks that have been described herein
The trade union effectively marshalled the arbitral criteria
in The KVP case (1965) 16 LAC 73 (Robinson) at p 85, for measuring
i the reasonableness of a rule to demonstrate the inefficacy of the
,
r
13
employer's application of a rule ( that did not exist) to support
disciplinary action And, moreover, to the extent the above could
be described as a reasonable convention its principal features were
hardly "clear" or were applied in an evenhanded and non-
discriminatory fashion
In other words, while it may have been reasonable for Ms
Gemmell to have felt upset, having regard to the vulnerable
predicament in which she found herself during her tour of duty, her
upset should have been directed more legitimately towards the
employer's lack of attentiveness in prescribing and administering
a clearly written rule designed to cover the circumstances where
all employees, irrespective of gender, may be found at risk while
a colleague is absent from the store premises on a break
From the perspective of what had occurred, Mr Miller could
not be held accountable for a disciplinary offence for the
violation of a rule that did not exist or for the breach of a
convention for which he was not made aware or in any event that was
applied and administered in an eclectic and discriminatory manner
Accordingly, the principal issue that must be resolved lS
whether the grievor's two infractions of the rules designed for
employee positions during the course of his evening tour of duty on
February 20, 1996, should have constituted culminating incidents
that would render a review of his disciplinary record relevant In
order to justify his discharge
Firstly, I cannot agree with the trade union insofar as it
insisted that the incidents for which the grievor was disciplined
14
constituted "trivial" violations of a rule In my view they
pertained to breaches of security whose design is to protect
employees from false accusations of negligence or misappropriation
in the handling of the employer's merchandise and funds To the
extent that Ms Gemmell in the one instance should have been held
partially accountable for her aberration in not securing payment
for the grievor's purchase at the time she rang in the code I am
not convinced that the employer's omission makes the grievor's
admitted aberrations any less "minor" or "trivial" And, ln any
event, the grievor must be seen as having triggered Ms Gemmell's
aberration, notwithstanding his status as the acting store manager,
for which he now seeks to mitigate the seriousness of his own
wrongdoings
Even if I were disposed, as the trade union urged, to exercise
my discretion, despite the grievor's mediocre record, to reinstate
him with a milder disciplinary penalty, the grievor had made it
most difficult for me to do so
He insisted that if reinstated he cannot accept or occupy any
position in which he may be required to discharge supervisory
responsibilities His personal circumstances relating to his
alcohol addiction, his financial pressures and his unsettled
domestic situation make the prospect for assuming those
responsibilities most daunting Yet, as Mr Flett insisted, there
! is hardly a position within the employer's range of jobs,
,
particula.rly at the Clerk III level, where there is absent a
function that carries with it onerous responsibillties
15
The grievor has advised that he has since his termination
secured employment and is working albeit at the minimum wage
In the final analysis, I am not inclined to interfere with the
employer's decision to discharge the grievor even though one of the
infractions for which he was accused failed to withstand arbitral
scrutiny
The two infractions for which he merited discipline were
serious And with respect to one of them he purposely sought to
mislead his employer and shift blame to Ms Gemmell for the
infraction Moreover, upon reviewing his personal disciplinary
record, the omissions for which he is being held accountable were
not unlike or dissimilar to the infractions for which the employer
has previously imposed discipline and restrained itself from
imposing the discharge penalty
As already indicated the employer has attempted to give the
grievor on numerous occasions the benefit of the doubt Mr Miller
has extracted all the last chances that were available in the
employer's inventory I am not disposed to alter that judgment
For all the foregoing reasons the grievance is denied
( \
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Dated this (,(day of April, 1997!. 4"r
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David H tes'