HomeMy WebLinkAbout2000-1203.Schoular.02-07-18 Decision1
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IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
Between. OntarIO PublIc ServIce Employees Umon
(Schoular) Union
- and -
The Crown In RIght of OntarIO
(MInIstry of EducatIOn) Employer
Before. Owen V Gray Vice-Chair
For the Union George RIchards
GrIevance Officer
OntarIO PublIc ServIce Employees Umon
For the Employer- Kelly Burke
Counsel
Legal ServIces Branch
Management Board SecretarIat
Hearing. March 22, June 25 and 28, October 10 and 11,
and November 28 and 29,2001
and February 6, 2002
2
Decision
[1] In the fall of 2000, DavId Schoular decIded to seek re-electIOn as a Trustee
of the Upper Canada DIstnct School Board (hereafter, "UCDSB") He was then
employed m the Ottawa DIstnct Office of the MmIstry of EducatIOn as a Fmance
Officer m the branch of the MmIstry that deals wIth applIcatIOns by school
boards for fundmg He mformed the Deputy MmIster of hIS decIsIOn to run
agam. The Deputy MmIster responded that Mr Schoular's holdmg the office of
school board Trustee would mterfere wIth the performance of the dutIes of hIS
employment and conflIct WIth the mterests of the Crown wIthm the meamng of
sectIOns 28 4 and 28 7 of the Pubhc Sermce Act, R S 0 1990, c. P 47, as
amended ("the PSA") The Deputy MmIster told Mr Schoular that he could seek
electIOn as Trustee only If he took a leave of absence wIthout pay pursuant to
subsectIOn 28 4(3) of the PSA and that, If elected, he would have to resIgn hIS
employment m accordance wIth subsectIOn 28 7(2) of the PSA
[2] Mr Schoular had tWIce before been elected and served as a school board
Trustee whIle employed by the MmIstry, wIthout obJectIOn by the then Deputy
MmIsters He had been elected m 1997 as Trustee of the UCDSB, and m 1994 as
Trustee of one of ItS predecessor school boards Before he ran agam m 1997, he
had been advIsed by then AssIstant Deputy MmIster that It would not be a
conflIct for hIm to accept another term as Trustee as long as he met certam
condItIons Mr Schoular felt that he that had met those condItIons, and that
nothmg had happened smce 1997 to gIve nse to a conflIct between hIS servmg as
Trustee and hIS employment wIth the MmIstry It appeared to hIm that the
change m the MmIstry's posItIOn was due to a complamt made by another
UCDSB Trustee whom he regarded as a polItIcal adversary
[3] The gnevor applIed for and took a leave of absence wIthout pay under
protest, and gneved the ImposItIOn on hIm of that reqUIrement He was re-
elected as Trustee on November 13, 2000, but dId not then resIgn hIS
3
employment. On November 16, 2000 the MmIstry deemed hIm to have resIgned,
and treated hIS employment as at an end. He then filed the second of the two
gnevances before me, allegmg dIsmIssal wIthout Just cause
The Grievor's Employment Duties
[4] When hIS employment was termmated, the gnevor was one of several
Fmance Officers employed m the Transfer Payments and FmancIaI Reportmg
Branch of the MmIstry of EducatIOn. He and the other Fmance Officers m that
Branch reported to the Manager, Transfer Payments Umt, who m turn reported
to the DIrector of the Branch.
[5] The Transfer Payments and FmancIaI Reportmg Branch admmIsters and
enforces the rules under whIch the MmIstry provIdes fundmg to elementary and
secondary schools Other branches of the MmIstry concerned wIth the fundmg of
pubhc schools are the EducatIOn Fmance Branch and the Busmess ServIces
Branch. The Busmess ServIces Branch deals wIth the capItal fundmg of
educatIOn facIhtIes The EducatIOn Fmance Branch develops pohcy wIth respect
to fundmg and fundmg rules, engages m forecastmg of fundmg reqUIrements
and provIdes mformatIOn serVIces
[6] Pnor to 1998, school boards had two sources of fundmg. property tax
revenue and fundmg from the MmIstry The level of MmIstry fundmg vaned
from school board to school board. Some large school boards m metropohtan
areas receIved no MmIstry fundmg at all. MmIstry fundmg formed a substantIal
portIOn of the total fundmg for other school boards, perhaps as much as 90 per
cent for some smaller, rural school boards ThIs dual source fundmg changed
wIth the enactment of the Educatwn Quahty ImprovenLent Act, 1997, S 0 1997,
c.31 ("the EQIA")
[7] As a result of the EQIA, school boards could no longer raIse any portIOn of
theIr operatmg funds through mumcIpal property taxes School boards' only
fundmg was to come from the MmIstry, m accordance wIth a fundmg model
prescnbed by regulatIOn. The mItIal fundmg model was announced m March
4
1998, and was applIed for the first tIme to the 1998-99 school year Changes and
refinements were made to the fundmg model from tIme to tIme thereafter
[8] Under the new fundmg regulatIOns, the MmIstry allocates fundmg on the
basIs of formulae that take mto account student enrolment, class SIzes, the
numbers of teachers and where they are on the compensatIOn grId, and other
factors VarIous "envelope" condItIons are attached to the fundmg provIded The
portIOn of the fundmg that IS allocated to classroom mstructIOn, for example,
must be spent only on classroom mstructIOn - It cannot be spent on
admmIstratIve or other non-classroom expendItures There are sImIlar envelopes
for specIal educatIOn and capItal expendItures A school board cannot spend more
on admmIstratIOn and governance than has been allocated to that Item, although
momes m that envelope can be spent m other areas
[9] Fmance Officers m the Transfer Payments and FmancIaI Reportmg
Branch have several maJor responsibIlItIes Each Fmance Officer IS assIgned a
group of school boards as a clIent group A Fmance Officer IS responsible for
advIsmg the school boards m hIS or her clIent group concermng the fundmg rules
and the school boards' preparatIOn of the financIal estImates and financIal
statements that they must submIt m support of theIr applIcatIOns for mItIal and
final fundmg A Fmance Officer also reVIews, analyses and verIfies filmgs
receIved from each school board m hIs/her clIent group, and recommends to the
Branch the mItIal and final amounts to whIch m each case s/he determmes that
a clIent school board IS entItled under the fundmg model.
[10] One of the Important dutIes of Fmance Officers IS to gather "field
mtellIgence" wIth respect to the operatIOn and outcomes of the fundmg formulae
- to report on what school boards are domg and saymg wIth respect to matters
of fundmg
[11] The MmIstry may audIt one or more of the several aspects of a school
board's operatIOns that are relevant to ItS fundmg entItlements Semor
management determmes whIch school boards wIll be audIted, and m what
5
respects Fmance Officers conduct the audIts The school boards to be audIted by
a Fmance Officer may be outsIde hIs/her own chent group All of the Fmance
Officers wIll know whIch school boards are to be audIted before the school boards
themselves do When school board filmgs or audIts reveal non-comphance wIth
the regulatIOns, semor management determmes what consequences wIll be
Imposed Semor management also determmes a level of tolerance for non
comphance - that IS, the extent of non-comphance for whIch adverse
consequences wIll not be Imposed Fmance officers are told what the tolerance
levels are School boards are not
[12] The current Job deSCrIptIOn for Fmance Officers states that they may
"Conduct specIal assIgnments such as partIcIpatmg on commIttees, provIde
trammg (professIOnal development) and dIrectIOn to chent groups, carry out
financIal mvestIgatIOns and analysIs, and make recommendatIOns for
Improvement to financIal management systems and procedures" Fmance
Officers also assIst m mamtammg a computer database of school board financIal
data, by entermg data receIved from theIr chent school boards
[13] The Transfer Payments and FmancIaI Reportmg Branch provIdes
mformatIOn that the EducatIOn Fmance Branch uses to mform and vahdate the
budget process, to IdentIfy varIances between actual and forecast budget
reqUIrements and to IdentIfy comphance Issues and needs for techmcal
amendments m the fundmg regulatIOns All three branches become mvolved m
the formulatIOn of pohcy at some pomt m that process, and they all advIse the
Deputy MmIster wIth respect to the proposals of those who lobby the MmIstry
[14] Fmance Officers contribute to the pohcy formulatIon process by
IdentIfymg to semor management the Issues of mterpretatIOn, apphcatIOn,
consIstency and comphance that they encounter m revIewmg budgets and
admmIstermg the MmIstry's fundmg pohcIes and regulatIOns Fmance Officers
may be consulted about a varIance between proJected and actual outcomes, man
effort to find an explanatIOn for It Fmance Officers have been brIefed, and
occasIOnally consulted, on changes to pohcIes and regulatIOns that are under
6
consIderatIOn, and they have been mformed of decIded upon changes before those
changes are announced.
[15] A good deal of the mformatIOn to whIch Fmance Officers have access
concermng the fundmg model IS publIc mformatIOn. It IS part of theIr Job to
provIde that mformatIOn to school boards Fmance Officers also have access to
mformatIOn that IS not publIc, however In some cases It IS mformatIOn that wIll
become publIc at a later date, as m the case of decIded upon changes to
regulatIOns and polIcIes, or decIsIOns about whIch school boards wIll be audIted
In some cases the mformatIOn to whIch they have access wIll never be revealed
to school boards, such as the tolerance levels for non-complIance
[16] The gnevor worked out of the Ottawa office He was the only Fmance
Officer m that office HIS clIent group consIsted of a number of Eastern OntarIO
publIc and separate school boards The area served by the UCDSB IS the south
east corner of the provmce The gnevor's clIent group would ordmanly have
mcluded the UCDSB, but It was assIgned to a Fmance Officer m Toronto because
the gnevor was one of ItS trustees HIS clIent group mcluded the publIc and
separate school boards m the areas adJommg the UCDSB's, as well as the
separate school board that served the same geographIc area.
The Conflict of Interest Alleged
[17] The MmIstry's eVIdence about the dutIes of Fmance Officers and the
context m whIch they are performed was gIven by four wItnesses Nancy Naylor,
Peggy McCormIck, Paul Babm and Ross Peebles Ms Naylor served as DIrector
of the EducatIOn Fmance Branch from May 1998 untIl January 2001, when she
was seconded to another posItIOn. Ms McCormIck began servmg as ProJect
Manager of FmancIaI AccountabIlIty m June 2000, reportmg to Mr Babm. She
had prevIOusly served as Actmg Manager m the Busmess ServIce Branch for
about a year From July 1996 to mId 1999 she was the Actmg Manager of what
was then called the AccountabIlIty and FIeld ServIces Umt Durmg that tIme she
was the gnevor's ImmedIate supervIsor Pnor to that she was a Fmance Officer
7
herself. Mr Babm was the Manager of Transfer Payments Umt to whom the
gnevor and other FmancIaI Officers reported from June 2000 on. Mr Peebles
was AssIstant Deputy MmIster from 1998 to the sprmg of 2001 The human
resources and legal functIOns of the MmIstry reported to hIm. He was
responsible for formulatmg the Deputy MmIster's response to the gnevor's
sItuatIOn.
[18] MmIstry wItnesses were concerned that If a school board trustee has
access to the confidentIal mformatIOn avaIlable to FmancIaI Officers It gIves that
trustee and the trustee's school board an advantage, real or perceIved, over other
trustees and school boards They were also concerned that a Fmance Officer's
servmg as a school board trustee would mterfere wIth the performance of hIS Job
functIOns because It would cause those wIth whom he must mteract, both wIthm
the MmIstry and at clIent school boards, to be retIcent m theIr dealmgs wIth
hIm.
[19] Nancy Naylor testIfied that Fmance Officers would be aware of the
vanance between actual and forecast fundmg reqUIrements That mformatIOn IS
Important to assessmg the lIkelIhood that the government wIll enhance fundmg
In mId year Fmance Officers also have advance knowledge of fundmg
announcements The eVIdence of the MmIstry wItnesses was that these are
matters about whIch school boards seek out and appear to value havmg
mformatIOn.
[20] WIth reference to the gathermg of field mtellIgence, Ms Naylor testIfied
that school boards sometImes complam that although they are m complIance,
theIr neIghbourmg school boards are not The ImplIcatIOn was that a Fmance
Officer would be less able to gather such mtellIgence If he or she IS a trustee of a
neIghbourmg school board about whIch such a complamt mIght be made Ms
Naylor also spoke about the level of conflIct between school boards and the
government. She noted that the OntarIO School Board Trustees' ASSOCIatIOn was
or had been engaged m lItIgatIOn wIth the government over the constItutIOnalIty
of the government's fundmg scheme She observed that the trustees of mdIvIdual
8
school boards regularly lobby for changes m the fundmg model that Fmance
Officers are oblIged to work wIthm. She and other management wItnesses
expressed concern about and dIscomfort wIth the prospect of a Fmance
Officer/trustee's lobbymg MmIstry officIals m that or other respects
[21] Peggy McCormIck testIfied that Fmance Officers would know whether the
MmIstry has decIded not to make adJustments for non-complIance m certam
areas because of vagueness m the polIcy m those areas She saId that school
boards want to know what changes are under consIderatIOn, what has been put
to cabmet but not adopted, and what the MmIstry IS focused on m terms of
complIance She had dIfficulty provIdmg an example of how a school board could
gam a financIal advantage by knowmg these thmgs m advance of publIc
announcements One she offered was that a school board's knowmg that the
MmIstry planned to mcrease fundmg to cover mcreases m fuel costs mIght have
mfluenced how It would contract wIth supplIers of school bus serVIces Ms
McCormIck also expressed concern that a parent callmg the MmIstry's Ottawa
DIstnct Office to speak to the MmIstry about the actIOns of the UCDSB -
concermng the closmg of a school, for example - could find herself speakmg
wIth a UCDSB Trustee
[22] Mr Babm testIfied that If a school board knew whether, when and m
what respects It would be audIted, that could mfluence the school board's
planmng A school board that knew m advance what aspect of ItS operatIOns
would be audIted mIght allocate resources to the targeted area at the possible
expense of non-complIance m areas the school board knows wIll not be audIted.
He also testIfied If a school board were aware of the tolerance levels for non
complIance, as Fmance Officers are, It could plan to satIsfy the tolerance levels
rather than the prescribed lImIts He IdentIfied classroom SIze as one area m
whIch a school board mIght do thIS - mcreasmg average class SIze up to but not
beyond the tolerance level.
[23] Mr Babm felt that the sharmg of mformatIOn at meetmgs of Fmance
Officers and other MmIstry employees and officIals mIght be mhibIted If one of
9
the partIcIpants IS also a school board trustee He observed that the mformatIOn
shared wIth Fmance Officers m meetmgs and VIa documents on the Mmlstry's
computer network mcludes polIcy dIrectIOns under study, regulatIOns bemg
drafted, polIcy gaps, and loopholes or madequacles that had been dIscovered m
the gUIdelmes He thought that the fact that a trustee of a partIcular school
board has access to thIS mformatIOn could lead to perceptIOn of dIsadvantage by
other school boards He also referred to the possibIlIty of awkwardness If a
Fmance Officer were mvolved m lobbymg on behalf of a school board m meetmgs
wIth semor management
[24] Mr Babm observed that school boards have described themselves as bemg
m competItIOn wIth one another for students, and also that school boards are
encouraged to enter mto partnershIps wIth one another m areas m whIch they
have common mterests He thought there was potentIal for conflIct and concern
If, as Fmance Officer, Mr Schoular were audItIng one of UCDSB's nelghbourmg
school boards He saId that there was as least one school board m the gnevor's
clIent group that had preferred to deal wIth the Toronto office rather than the
gnevor, and that he had heard mdlrectly that thIS was because of Mr Schoular's
bemg a trustee of the UCDSB
[25] Ms Naylor acknowledged that some of the pomts of conflIct that she felt
eXIsted between the Fmance Office and Trustee roles after the enactment of the
EQIA were perhaps present before It was enacted m the case of school boards
that were gettmg a large percentage of theIr fundmg from Mmlstry She felt that
the conflIct m those respects had been heIghtened followmg enactment of the
EQIA as a result of changes to school board's busmess practIces, changes to the
fundmg model, the greater degree of publIc debate and the mcreased
responsibIlIty of both Fmance Officers and Trustees
[26] In addItIon to the four wItnesses from the CIVIl serVIce, the Mmlstry
mtroduced the testImony of two trustees of the UCDSB
10
[27] Art Buckland was Chmr of the UCDSB durmg the 1997 2000 term, when
Mr Schoular was Vice-ChaIr of the Board. He testIfied that he could not take
Mr Schoular wIth hIm to meetmgs wIth the Mmlstry to "hammer" them
concermng areas they felt were unfaIr because Mr Schoular had, m Mr
Buckland's words, "a professIOnal responsibIlIty to hIS employer" Mr Buckland
saId there was a perceptIOn of double loyalty on Mr Schoular's part When a
lawyer retamed by the school board made a dlsparagmg remark about the
Mmlstry at a meetmg of the board, Mr Schoular saId, "If you don't cntIclze the
Mmlstry, I won't cntIclze Toronto lawyers" The lawyer had been retamed to
advIse the board about payment of employees for overtIme m CIrcumstances m
whIch such payment mIght have put the school board m contraventIOn of
Mmlstry gUIdelmes Mr Buckland testIfied that when Mr Schoular was not
present, the lawyer expressed concern about how he was to deal wIth Mr
Schoular, gIven the nature of hIS employment wIth the Mmlstry
[28] Mana Thompson was a UCDSB Trustee durmg the 1997 2000 term who
was re-elected m 2000 She had prevIOusly served as trustee m a predecessor
board other than the one on whIch the gnevor had served m the 1994-97 perIOd
She wrote to the Mmlster of EducatIOn m January 2000 to complam about what
she described as Mr Schoular's "moral conflIct of mterest "
[29] In her letter, Ms Thompson expressed three concerns One was that as a
result of Mr Schoular's electIOn as ItS Vlce-Chmr, the school board had a
Mmlstry employee m an "executIve" posItIOn. Another was that Mr Schoular
had partIcIpated m revlewmg a posItIOn paper provIded m confidence by the
OntarIO PublIc School Boards ASSOCIatIOn concermng strategIes that school
boards could or should take collectIvely wIth other partIes, mcl udmg the
Mmlstry, concermng collectIve bargammg Issues Her concern was that there
was an expectatIOn that the contents of the document would be kept confidentIal
from the Mmlstry, that thIS would have faced Mr Schoular wIth a dIlemma and
that she was not sure to whIch group hIS allegIance would ultImately be owed m
that regard. Her thIrd concern was wIth Mr Schoular's partIcIpatIOn m the
11
hIrmg of the board's Supermtendent of Busmess, a concern apparently based m
part on the belIef that the board's Supermtendent of Busmess would have been
dealmg wIth Mr Schoular on behalf of the MmIstry but for the RegIOnal Office's
havmg "found a way for our admmIstratIOn to do an end run around Mr
Schoular "
[30] Mr Peebles testIfied that the specIfic Issues raIsed m Ms Thompson's
letter were matters of concern for the school board rather than for the MmIstry
He referred Ms Thompson's letter to the audIt branch for mvestIgatIOn,
however, and recalls that theIr prelImmary VIew was that "there was a conflIct"
When he left the MmIstry for another posItIOn m the CIVIl serVIce m the sprmg of
2001 he had not yet seen a final report from them on the matter It IS not
apparent whether the audIt branch expressed ItS prelImmary VIew before or
after Mr Schoular's employment was treated as at an end, what conflIct It
IdentIfied or what ratIOnale It offered for ItS prelImmary VIew
The Historical Context
[31] GIven the umon's posItIOn that nothmg had happened to warrant a
change m the MmIstry's earlIer posItIOn on whether Mr Schoular could serve as
a school board trustee whIle remammg employed as a Fmance Officer, a good
deal of the partIes' eVIdence focused on changes saId to have taken place m the
Fmance Officer's role over the years, Mr Schoular's employment hIstory whIle
servmg as Trustee and the evolutIOn of the MmIstry's attItude toward hIS domg
so
[32] There IS no eVIdence before me about the approval of the gnevor's runmng
for and servmg hIS first term as Trustee for the predecessor school board for the
1994 - 1997 term.
[33] In July 1997 Garth Jackson, Mr Peebles' predecessor as AssIstant Deputy
MmIster wIth responsibIlIty for such matters, responded m wntmg to a letter
from Mr Schoular concermng hIS desIre to seek re-electIOn as Trustee for the
12
amalgamated school board, the UCDSB, for the 1997 2000 term. Mr Jackson
wrote that after weIghmg the advIce of audIt and legal serVIces staff:
I have concluded that It would not be a conflIct for you to accept another
term as a Pubhc School Board Trustee as long as you meet the followmg
con chtlOn s
. You cannot partIcIpate m any dIrect assIgnment affectmg the Board
that you serve on.
. You must specIfy m any agreement between yourself and the Board
you serve on that you are not provIdmg your servIces wIthm the scope
of your employment wIth the Ontano government.
. You are under a contmumg obhgatIOn to chsclose should there be a
change m the CIrcumstances that you have set out 1.e any change m
Job dutIes and/or responsIbIhtIes
If, at some pomt m the future you are reqUIred to take on assIgnments
affectmg the Board that you serve on, we would have to reassess the
sItuatIOn. It IS Important for you to recogmze now that should such
CIrcumstances anse you may have to make a decIsIOn between your role wIth
the mImstrv and your role wIth the Board.
[34] Ross Peebles became AssIstant Deputy MmIster m the MmIstry m 1998
The legal and human resources staff reported to hIm. Matters of conflIct of
mterest fell wIthm the scope of hIS responsIbIlIty He recalls that m early 1999
someone on the legal staff brought Mr Schoular's sItuatIOn to hIS attentIOn, and
suggested that the EQIA had "changed thmgs" smce the earlIer approval.
[35] In May 1999, the MmIstry learned that Mr Schoular had partIcIpated m
a radIO mtervIew m whIch he had commented on the platform of a provmcIaI
party m matters relatmg to educatIOn fundmg Mr Peebles approved a letter
that was sent to Mr Schoular over the Deputy MmIster's sIgnature The letter
warned Mr Schoular that hIS makmg those comments was contrary to the PSA
(under whIch such comments could be made by a CIVIl servant only whIle on
leave of absence for polItIcal actIvIty purposes) and that further conduct of that
sort could lead to dIscIplme Of mterest for purposes of these grIevances IS the
way Mr Schoular was mtrod uced by the mtervIewer-
DavId Schoular wears two hats m the educatIon world. One IS as a trustee for
the Upper Canada Board. The other IS as an employee of the Mimstrv of
EducatIOn. Schoular says thIs Isn t a COnflICt of mterest The former NDP
government made It legal for CIVIl servants to run for pubhc office
13
ThIs was followed by the two questIOns of and answers by the gnevor that led to
the dIscIplmary letter It IS unclear how the fact of the gnevor's two hats or the
questIOn whether that was a conflIct of mterest had ansen between the
mtervIewer and the gnevor, but Mr Schoular does not dIspute that It dId
[36] Mr Peebles testIfied that when he dealt wIth the May 1999 mCIdent he
concluded that Mr Schoular was m a conflIct of mterest servmg as a school
board trustee whIle employed by the MmIstry as a FmancIaI Officer He was not
sure that the conclusIOn expressed m hIS predecessor's letter of July 1997 was
correct even m the CIrcumstances as they then eXIsted In any event, he felt that
the relatIOnshIp between the MmIstry and school boards had changed
dramatIcally followmg the enactment of the EQIA, and that that change made
the gnevor's conflIct clear He recogmzed that there would be a dIsruptIOn for
Mr Schoular If he were reqUIred to resIgn one or other of hIS posItIOns at that
pomt m tIme He says he belIeved that Mr Schoular would recogmze the conflIct
hImself and choose not to run agam at the end of hIS term, and that the MmIstry
could lIve wIth the sItuatIOn m the meantIme, relymg on Mr Schoular's good
Judgment to aVOId or remove hImself from any sItuatIOn m whIch an actual
conflIct of mterest mIght anse
[37] The warmng letter that was sent to the gnevor concermng the radIO
mtervIew dId not mclude any suggestIOn that the gnevor had a conflIct of
mterest, however, nor was Mr Peebles' conclusIOn to that effect commumcated
to Mr Schoular by any other means pnor to October 2000
[38] The MmIstry's posItIOn was that there had been real changes m the
Fmance Officer's Job smce 1997, as well as changes m the roles of school boards
and m theIr relatIOnshIp and mteractIOn wIth the MmIstry
[39] UntIl 1996 each dIstnct office had a Supermtendent who checked the
work of the Fmance Officers m that office before the results were passed on to
head office m Toronto The Supermtendent posItIOn was elImmated m 1996 The
Fmance Officer posItIOn was at the FO 4 level at that tIme Pnor to 1996, the
14
Fmance Officers' audIt functIOn had been largely focused on the verIficatIOn of
enrolment levels The audIt functIOn was suspended entIrely m 1996, and the
Mmlstry dId not resume audItIng untIl 2000 Durmg that perIOd Fmance Officers
were focused on mformmg and advlsmg school boards and on gathermg field
mtellIgence They were also encouraged to take on specIal proJect work.
[40] The Fmance Officer functIOn was reclassIfied to the F05 level at the end
of December 1999 The reclassIficatIOn was effectIve as of AprIl 1, 1999, when a
Mmlstry restructurmg had resulted m the creatIOn of the Transfer Payments
and FmancIaI Reportmg Branch. Ms McCormIck understood that the
reclassIficatIOn was due to the Fmance Officer Job's mcreased responsibIlIty and
access to sensItIve mformatIOn followmg the legIslatIve changes descrIbed
earlIer The Branch "geared up agam" for audItIng startmg m 1999, but dId not
perform any audIts untIl 2000
[41] Addressmg the Issue of change over tIme, Ms McCormIck saId that there
had been a lot more checks and balances on the Fmance Officer's work m the
past, and that there were now more pomts of conflIct WIth the publIc and
arguments over responsibIlIty as between the Mmlstry and school boards Ms
Naylor acknowledged that m the case of school boards that receIved a large
percentage of fundmg from Mmlstry, there mIght have been some of the
foundatIOn for an appearance of conflIct between the Fmance Office and trustee
roles even before the enactment of the EQIA, but felt thIS had been heIghtened
followmg that enactment by changes to school boards' busmess practIces,
changes to the fundmg model, the degree of publIc debate about fundmg of
educatIOn and the mcreased responsibIlIty of both Fmance Officers and school
board trustees
[42] For two to three days a week between June 1998 and March 1999, Mr
Schoular was mvolved m a specIal proJect concermng the fundmg of school books
for the new currIculum. In about January of 1999 he also partIcIpated m a
specIal proJect mvolvmg the fundmg of expenses mcurred by school boards m
Eastern OntarIo as a result of the Ice storm that occurred m January 1998 He
15
testIfied that thIS mvolved asslstmg school boards to maXImIze the funds they
obtamed from the federal government's dIsaster relIef program. He saId that
from March 1999 to June 2000 he partIcIpated full tIme m a proJect concerned
wIth the fundmg of expendItures ansmg out of the "Y2K" computer Issue In
each case he was admmlstermg the prOVISIOns of a fundmg plan that he testIfied
had been formulated before he became mvolved. Ms McCormIck testIfied that It
would have been dIfficult for hIm to extend preferentIal treatment to hIS own or
any other school board m those assIgnments
[43] The gnevor was not lImIted to hIS clIent group m these specIal
assIgnments, and the UCDSB was one of the boards whose applIcatIOns for
fundmg he processed m the course of them. He dId not seek or obtam the Deputy
Mmlster's approval of hIS partIclpatmg m those assIgnments In answer to the
suggestIOn that thIS was a vIOlatIOn of the express condItIons of the Jackson
letter, the gnevor saId that hIS ImmedIate superIOrs were aware of the Jackson
letter and dId not raIse any Issue WIth hIm when they approved hIS partIcIpatIOn
m those assIgnments
[44] The thrust of the gnevor's case was that m the two terms durmg whIch he
was permItted to serve as Trustee whIle employed wIth the Mmlstry, the Trustee
role and hIS employment dutIes mvolved many of the same elements now relIed
upon by the Mmlstry as gIvmg nse to a conflIct of mterest, and If those matters
dId not create a conflIct then, they dId not do so (or cannot be relIed upon by the
employer as havmg done so) m the fall of 2000
[45] The gnevor testIfied that the school board on whIch he served pnor to the
1997 electIOns had receIved a very substantIal portIOn of ItS fundmg from the
Mmlstry - about 90 percent, he belIeved - pnor to enactment of the EQIA The
former abIlIty to tax was not a cash cow, he saId, because there was sIgmficant
local pressure to mmlmlze ItS use He testIfied that he and other Fmance
Officers had conducted audIts - enrolment audIts, transportatIOn audIts and
specIal educatIOn audIts - pnor to enactment of the EQIA. Gathermg field
mtellIgence had always been part of the Fmance Officer's Job School boards had
16
lobbIed the Mmlstry throughout hIS tIme there, and the OntarIO PublIc School
Boards ASSOCIatIOn had always lobbIed on behalf of school boards The gnevor
emphaslsed that he had not been personally mvolved m lobbymg the Mmlstry on
behalf of the UCDSB He regarded that and other mteractIOns wIth the Mmlstry
as the functIOn of the school board's staff. He saId that he had not met wIth
trustees of other school boards m hIS capacIty as FIeld Officer - he had dealt
wIth school board staff.
[46] In partIculars delIvered on hIS behalf m advance of the hearmg, the
gnevor acknowledged that m 2000 hIS branch of the Mmlstry had begun sharmg
wIth Fmance Officers mformatIOn that had prevIOusly been dIscussed only at
more semor levels m advance of ItS release to the publIc, but noted that he was
mmdful of the oath of secrecy he had taken under sectIOn 10 of the PSA In hIS
testImony he reJected the notIOn that a trustee would act on mformatIOn about
changes the Mmlstry or Cabmet was consldermg or mIght make m advance of
theIr actually commlttmg to and announcmg such changes, because untIl then
the posItIOn mIght change A school board would not take advantage of tolerance
levels by mcreasmg average class SIze, he saId, because parents would complam.
He testIfied that he could not Imagme how he could favour hIS own board m the
course of hIS dutIes as Fmance Officer, and noted that Fmance Officers are
reqUIred to be even handed
[47] As for the 1999 reclassIficatIOn of the Fmance Officer posItIOn, Mr
Schoular noted that he was seconded to the Y2K proJect full tIme from March
1999 to June 2000, so hIS expenence of any effect of the reclassIficatIOn on the
regular dutIes of hIS posItIOn was lImIted to the perIOd between June 2000 and
October 12, 2000 He saId It dId not seem to hIm durmg that perIOd that there
had been any dIfference m the Job's decIsIOn makmg role
Analysis
[48] Part III of the PSA IS entItled "PolItIcal ACtIVIty RIghts" That Part
mcl udes the followmg.
17
28 4 (1) A Crown employee who does not belong to the restrIcted category
descrIbed m subsectIOn 28 '3('3) IS entItled to engage m pohtIcal actIvIty
wIthout restrIctIOn subject only to sectIOn 28 1 and to the followmg
exceptIOns
1 A Crown employee may be a canchdate seek to be nommated as a
canchdate or campaIgn on behalf of a candIdate m a mumcIpal
electIOn wIthout takmg leave of absence and may hold mumcIpal
office but only If the actIVIty or office would not mterfere wIth the
performance of the employee s dutIes and would not conflIct WIth the
mterests of the Crown.
4. A CIVIl servant may comment pubhcly and outSIde the scope of the
dutIes of hIS or her posItIon on matters that are chrectly related to those
dutIes and that are dealt wIth m the posItIons or pohcIes of a federal or
provmcIal pohtIcal party or m the posItIons pubhcly expressed by a
canchdate m a federal or provmcIal electIon only whIle on leave of absence
granted under subsectIOn (4)
287
(2) A Crown employee who IS elected m a mumcIpal electIOn to an office that
would mterfere wIth the performance of the employee s dutIes or would
conflIct WIth the mterests of the Crown shall Immechately resIgn hIS or her
posItIon as a Crown employee
28 8 A Crown employee who contravenes sectIOn 28 1 subsectIOn 28 '3(2) or
284(1) IS subject to the full range of aVaIlable chscIplmary penaltIes
mcludmg suspenSIOn and chsmIssal.
28 9 (1) A Crown employee has the grIevance rIghts set out m subsectIOn (2) 1f
he or she
(a) IS chscIplmed for a contraventIOn of sectIOn 28 1 subsectIOn 28 '3(2) or
28 4(1)
(b) suffers adverse consequences m the context of hIS or her employment
as a result of engagmg m or declmmg to engage m pohtIcal actIVIty that
thIs Act permIts or
(c) IS threatened wIth an actIOn desCrIbed m clause (a) or (b)
(2) A Crown employee to whom subsectIOn (1) apphes
(a) IS entItled to have the matter dealt WIth by final and bmdmg
arbItratIOn under a collectIve agreement 1f any'
[49] The partIes dIsagree about how the termmatIon of the ,
gnevor s
employment should be charactenzed The employer describes It as a deemed
reSIgnatIOn. The umon says It was a dIsmIssal.
[50] SubsectIOn 28 7(2) of the PSA reqUIres that a CIVIl servant reSIgn hIS or
her employment under certam CIrcumstances The PSA restncts certam lImIted
18
re-employment nghts to those who resIgn m accordance wIth sectIOn 28 7, but
does not otherwIse prescribe an employment consequence for faIlure to resIgn. In
partIcular, It does not gIve the employer authonty to deem an employee to have
resIgned from employment If the employee has not actually resIgned. In
CIrcumstances m whIch sectIOn 28 7 reqUIres resIgnatIOn, however, a CIVIl
servant who falls to resIgn as the sectIOn reqUIres would thereafter be m breach
of subsectIOn 28 4(1) The employer IS entItled under sectIOn 288 to take
dlsclplmary actIOn m response to a breach of subsectIOn 28 4(1) It IS clear from
sectIOn 28 7 that the dlsclplmary response to a breach of that prOVISIOn can and
should be such as to brmg the conflIct to an end.
[51] The gnevor dId not resIgn. He cannot be deemed to have resIgned. The
employer's havmg treated hIS employment as at an end therefore constItuted
dIsmIssal from employment
[52] Havmg regard to subsectIOns 284(1) and 28 7(2) and sectIOn 288 of the
PSA, the central Issue m both of the gnevances before me IS whether the
employer was correct m concludmg that the gnevor's servmg as Trustee of the
Upper Canada Dlstnct School Board followmg the 2000 electIOns "would
mterfere wIth the performance of the employee's dutIes or would conflIct WIth
the mterests of the Crown."
[53] Several decIsIOn mvolvmg alleged "conflIct of mterest" were referred to m
argument Re Regwnal MU1UC[pahty of Hanulton- Wentworth and Canadwn
Unwn of Pubhc Employees, Local 167 (1978), 18 L.AC (2d) 46 (Kennedy),
Hallborg and Muustry of Revenue, GSB 79/21 (June 7, 1979, Weathenll), Van
der Lutden and Muustry of Industry and Tounsm (February 4, 1981, Swmton),
Re Windsor Star and Windsor Newspaper Gu[ld (1992), 26 L.AC (4th) 129
(McLaren), OPSEU (Edwards) and Mirustry of Health, GSB 2216/94, (January 9,
1996, Fmley), E Degre[t[s and Mimstry of the Enmronment and Energy, PSGB
P/0007/94 (May 28, 1998, Lynk), and OPSEU (Hannan) and Mimstry of
Econonuc Development, Trade and Tounsm, GSB 0008/96 (January 7, 1998,
19
Gray) The Hallborg decIsIOn IS the only one that deals wIth conflIct between
employment m the cIvIl serVIce and holdmg mUnIcIpal office
[54] In McKendry and the Treasury Board (May 31, 1973, E B JollIffe,
unreported, quoted m Re Regwnal MU1uc[pahty of Hanulton- Wentworth and
Canadwn Unwn of Pubhc Employee, Local 167 (1978), 18 L.AC (2d) 46
(Kennedy) at 54 and 55) the arbItrator made these observatIOns about conflIct of
mterest m the federal publIc serVIce
1 Pubhc servants must not seek, for pnvate gam, to make use of
mformatIOn not aVaIlable to the general pubhc to whIch they have access
by reason of theIr officIal dutIes
2. A conflIct of mterest occurs when the pubhc mterest In proper
admmIstratIOn of a government office and a government officIal s mterest
m hIs pnvate economIC affaIrs clash or appear to clash, and a finchng of
conflIct of mterest does not depend on wIlful wrongdomg by the officIal or
on the Issue of whether the officIal's Judgment has m fact been affected.
'3 A government officIal should not put hImself m a posItIon where hIs
Judgment could, even unconscIOusly be affected by fnendshIp
ThIS IS not a matter of YIeldmg to pubhc SuspICIOn or mahcIOUS cntIcIsm. The
essentIal reqUIrements are that the pubhc servant should serve only one
master and should never place hImself m a posItIon where he could be even
tempted to prefer hIS own mterests or the mterests of another over the
mterests of pubhc he IS employed to serve Those reqUIrements constItute the
ratIOnale of the doctrme that he should aVOId a pOSItIon of apparent bIas as
well as actual bIas and that he should never place hImself m a pOSItIon
where as Dean Manmng puts It two mterests clash or appear to clash
[55] LIkewIse, m Edwards, 2216/94 (Fmley), at pages 25 and 26 thIS Board
(dIfferently constItuted) observed that
The nature of conflIct of mterest legIslatIon and pohcy respectmg pubhc
servants m the Provmce of Ontano IS preventIve m chrectIOn and IS very
broad m concept. It puts the onus on the employee to make known to the
Deputy Mimster an actual, perceIVed, or potentIally actual or perceIVed
conflIct m order that the Deputy Mimster may provIde advIce on the matter
and see that the matter IS promptly resolved. The penalty for faIlure to notIfy
can be severe It can go so far as chsmIssal. The Deputy Mimster has WIde
chscretIOn m provIdmg that advIce and resolvmg the Issue or m removmg the
conflICt. Some sItuatIOns whIch may attract the conflIct of mterest label are
the receIpt of honorana, the holchng of pohtIcal office outsIde employment
actIvItIes outsIde busmess actIvItIes the denvatIOn of personal benefit when
bemg m a pOSItIon to mfluence the ownershIp of property the acceptmg of
favours ant the receIpt of personal benefit by the Immechate gamIly of a
20
pubhc servant. It IS not necessary for any financIal advantage to come to a
pubhc servant for a conflIct of mterest to eXISt. The pubhc servant whose
sItuatIOn attracts the conflIct of mterest label, may have taken no actIOn
whatsoever and further may have no mtentIOn of takmg any actIOn whIch
would be contrary to the Employer s mterest A pubhc servant who finds hIm
or herself so labelled may feel that hIs or her honesty IS bemg Impugned.
ThIs however does not follow A pubhc servant WIth a conflIct of mterest
label IS not bemg accused of a lack of mtegrIty or honesty For such an
accusatIOn there would need to be some specIfic actIOn on the part of the
employee whIch would attract such a deSIgnatIOn. It IS sufficIent m conflIct of
mterest sItuatIOns that there IS the suggestIOn of the possIbIhty of a conflIct
of mterest and no actIOn need ever have taken place and no benefit present
or future need be derIved.
[56] The cases frequently refer to a conflIct between the employer's mterest
and the employee's finanCIal mterest, but the conflIctmg employee mterest need
not be economIC m order for a conflIct of mterest to anse It may anse from a
matnmomal or other personal relatIOnshIp, as m Edwards and Hannan, or from
the holdmg of mumcIpal office, as m Hallborg
[57] In Hallborg the gnevor had been employed by the MmIstry of Revenue as
a NeIghbourhood Assessor He had decIded to seek electIOn as a member of
mumcIpal counCIl of a mumcIpalIty m the assessment regIOn m whIch he was
employed. He had mformed hIS superIOrs of that mtentIOn, and the Deputy
MmIster had advIsed hIm that If elected he would have a conflIct of mterest. He
was elected, dId not reSIgn and was dIsmIssed He gneved, and the central Issue
was whether there was a conflIct of mterest between the gnevor's employment
and hIS holdmg mumcIpal office Although the gnevor's assessment work was
pnmanly m another mumcIpalIty m the assessment regIOn, he had access to
mformatIOn concermng propertIes throughout the assessment regIOn and would
be mvolved m dIscuSSIOns about them WIth other assessors m the regIOn WIth a
VIew to ensurmg that sImIlar propertIes were sImIlarly assessed The board
found that some of the mformatIon to whIch assessors had access was
mformatIOn that they were oblIged to keep confidentIal from others, mformatIOn
that mIght gIve a mumcIpal counsellor an advantage, real or perceIved, m some
cIrcumstances In that context the board made these observatIOns at pages 6 to 9
of ItS award
21
There IS as the employer acknowledges and as we are convmced, no
questIOn of the gnevor s personal honesty and mtegnty There IS no
suggestIon that the gnevor would take advantage of hIS speCIal knowledge for
hIS own benefit or even for the benefit of hIS constItutents [SIC] or hIS
mUnIcIpahty It IS nevertheless the case that the proper mterests of an
Assessor conflIct WIth the proper mterests of a mUnIcIpal counsellor m the
same RegIOn. Not only IS the same person undertakmg to serve two masters
whose mterests are not the same and are sometImes opposed but he may be
seen and reasonably so as bemg m a pOSItIon where It IS open to hIm to take
advantage m one pOSItIon (even If not for hIS own benefit) of the speCIal
knowledge he has gamed m the other The constItuent ward, mUnIcIpahty or
provmce on the other sIde of some matter m whIch the councIl member WIth
speCIal knowledge IS mvolved mIght well feel, whatever the real case may be
that the sItuatIOn IS an unfaIr one There IS m fact a conflIct of mterest.
The sItuatIon m the mstant case IS of course very dIfferent from those
whIch were dealt WIth by the Pubhc ServIce Staff RelatIOns Board m the
McKendry (166-2-674) Atlnns (166-2-889) or Garrett (166-2-'3040) cases In
those cases the gnevors eIther accepted benefits from those whose cases they
were to deal WIth, traded on knowledge or pOSItIon or entered mto
transactIOns WIth the employer for theIr own benefit. There was what some of
the wItnesses for the gnevor referred to as an actual conflIct of mterest In
those cases m the sense that the employee concerned had behaved wrongly
and had m fact taken Improper advantage of hIS pOSItIon. That IS a conflIct of
mterest had occurred, and the employee had promoted hIS own mterests over
those of hIS employer There IS of course nothmg hke that here but there IS
an actual" conflIct of mterests nevertheless m that the gnevor has -
honestly and from the best of motIves - taken on obhgatIOns whIch are m
part contrachctory and whIch mvolve mterests whIch wIll, at tImes be m
conflIct and be seen to be m conflICt.
The conflIct of mterest m thIs case IS a sIgnIficant and substantIal one
and anses out of the very nature of the two obhgatIOns whIch the gnevor has
undertaken. It IS not the sort of mterest ansmg out of some partIcular
matter or transactIOn to whIch The MUnIcIpal ConflIct of Interest Act 1972
apphes and whIch can be dealt WIth by declaratIOn and abstentIOn. It
mvolves rather a fundamental chvergence of obhgatIOns
The nghts of Crown employees to partICIpate m pohtIcal actIvItIes are
governed by The Pubhc Sen'l,ce Act and the RegulatIOns thereunder A
canchdate m provmcIal or federal electIOns must take a leave of absence to
campaIgn and on bemg elected must reSIgn hIS pOSItIon as a Crown
employee Crown employees may however (wIth certam exceptIOns noted m
the Act or RegulatIOns and whIch do not cover the gnevor) be canchdates for
mUnICIpal office and If elected may serve m such office prOVIded, as IS set out
m sectIOn 11 of the Act
aJ the candl,dacy, sen'l,ce or actwl,ty does not U/,terfere wl,th the
performance of /ns dutws as a Crown employee,
b) the candIdacy, sen'lce or actll'lty does not conflict WIth the Ulterests of
the Crown, and
c) the candl,dacy, sen'l,ce or actu'l,ty I,S not u/, affilwtwn wl,th or sponsored
by aprOl'ulcwl or federal pohtl,cal party R.S.O 1970, c 386, s 11
22
In the mstant case whIle there IS no eVIdence touchmg on conchtIOn (c),
and whIle we do not consIder that conchtIOn (0) apphes m any very
substantIal way It IS our VIew that there IS for the reasons we have gIVen a
conflIct WIth the mterests of the Crown so that conchtIOn (b) IS not met and
the gnevor IS not entItled to serve m the mUnIcIpal office m questIOn. His
servmg m such office constItuted a vIOlatIOn of SectIOn 11 and must under
sectIOn 16 be deemed to be suffiCIent cause for chsmIssal.
There was adduced, on behalf of the gnevor conSIderable eVIdence as to
other cases m whIch Crown employees have been elected to and serve m
MUnIcIpal office and vet rem am m employment In many of these cases we
are not convmced that there IS m fact any SIgnIficant conflIct of mterest
There are some we thmk partIcularly of the case of a Manager m the
NIagara Assessment RegIOn who IS SaId to SIt as a member of the NIagara
Penmsula ConservatIon Authontv where (although we make no
determmatIOn of the matter) a conflIct of mterest does appear That such
cases may have escaped notIce or conSIderatIOn however does not absolve
others from meetmg the reqUIrements of The Pllbhc Sen'~ce Act. In any event
It IS clear to us that there has been no attempt to chscnmmate unjustly
agamst the gnevor hImself. The reqUIrements of the law are we thmk, clear
and they must be met m the CIrcumstances of thIS case
It should be repeated that m reachmg the conclUSIOn whIch we do we do
not reflect at all adversely on the gnevor s honesty or mtegntv It IS sImply
that wIthm a gIVen Assessment RegIOn, the pOSItIons of mUnIcIpal counCIl
member and NeIghbourhood Assessor are not ones whIch can properly be
held bv the same person at the same tIme as they necessanlv mvolve that
person m conflIctmg allegIances
[58] The umon argues that whatever the conclUSIOn mIght have been had the
gnevor been seekmg office for the first tIme m 2000, the employer was oblIged to
approach the matter m a manner conSIstent WIth the 1997 opmIOn of the then
ASSIstant Deputy MmIster unless some change m eIther or both of the roles m
questIOn had gIven nse to a conflIct where none prevIOusly eXIsted. In effect, the
argument IS that no feature of the SItuatIOn as It eXIsted m 2000 should be
weIghed m favour of a conclUSIOn that there was a conflIct of mterest If that
feature was present m July 1997 It also argues that m mterpretmg the PolItIcal
RIghts portIOn of the PSA, "conflIct of mterest" should be mterpreted narrowly
when It IS bemg weIghed agamst the nght to seek and hold publIc office, and m
that regard relIes on Be Windsor Star, supra, for the propOSItIOn that a conflIct
should be actual and not merely potentIal m order to qualIfy as a conflIct of
mterest m thIS context
23
[59] There was some dIscussIOn about whether the gnevor had faIled to comply
wIth the condItIons In the 1997 letter, by seekmg out, acceptmg and
partIclpatmg m specIal assIgnments that affected the UCDSB Whether or not
hIS partIcIpatIOn m them mvolved a conflIct of mterest, the terms of the letter
reqUIred the gnevor to first clear hIS partIcIpatIOn m those proJects wIth the
Deputy Mmlster or hIs/her delegate dIrectly, and he faIled to do so It IS not an
answer that hIS ImmedIate superIOrs knew of hIS dual role and even of the 1997
letter when they approved the assIgnments It was not theIr role to assess the
conflIct of mterest questIOn. That was a matter on whIch the gnevor, and mdeed
any CIVIl servant, was bound to deal dIrectly wIth the Deputy Mmlster (or hIs/her
delegate for that purpose) The gnevor's ImmedIate superIOrs were entItled to
expect that he would do that before acceptmg the assIgnments
[60] These faIlures to mform and consult the Deputy Mmlster were not offered
as cause for termmatIOn of hIS employment m October 2000 but, rather, to
dlmlmsh the weIght that mIght otherwIse have been assIgned to the letter and to
Illustrate, m conJunctIOn wIth the eVIdence about the radIO mtervlew, the
dIfficulty of keepmg the two roles from commg mto ObVIOUS conflIct.
[61] In any event, I do not thmk It matters whether hIS faIlures m that regard
somehow dlmlmshed the effect of the Jackson letter Even If there had been no
faIlure to meet the condItIons set out m the letter, I would not agree wIth the
umon that the opmIOn expressed m It controlled or controls the conflIct of
mterest determmatIOn m the manner the umon suggests I should certamly take
It mto account m assessmg the credibIlIty and bona fides of the employer's
contentIOns I am not oblIged to treat the opmIOn as havmg been correct at the
tIme, however, nor was the employer m 2000 If the employer had reqUIred that
the gnevor resIgn one or other of hIS roles by reason of hIS holdmg office as
trustee durmg the 1997 2000 term, I mIght have had to grapple wIth the
questIOn whether the Crown could be estopped from exerclsmg ItS nghts under
the statute by reason of the 1997 opmIOn, or If some other doctrme wIth respect
to expectatIOn mterests would have that effect The 1997 letter only spoke to hIS
24
seekmg electIOn and servmg "another term as a Pubhc School Board Trustee",
however It dId not purport to bmd whoever mIght have to deal wIth a request
from the gnevor to seek electIOn and serve as trustee for the 2000 2003 term.
[62] In hIS partIculars, the gnevor saId
The gnevor dIsputes the ImphcatIOn that School Boards and the Mimstry are
m an adversanal relatIOnshIp They are cbfferent components m a large
system wIth one goal, to prOVIde quahty educatIOn to the people of Ontano
Smce these components are not m competItIOn wIth each other the basIs for
a conflIct of mterest IS mImmal.
Whether the relatIOnshIp between school boards and the Mmlstry may properly
be described as adversanal, the thrust of the Mmlstry's case IS that on occaSIOn
the mterests of the Mmlstry are m conflIct WIth the mterests of school boards
and of school board trustees generally or of a partIcular school board or ItS
trustees I find that to be so WhIle I accept as genume the gnevor's behef that a
school board could not and would not make use of the confidentIal mformatIOn to
whIch he would have access as a Fmance Office, I accept as true the eVIdence of
the Mmlstry wItnesses that school boards behave as though that mformatIOn IS
of value to them. It IS eVIdent that not all school board trustees share the
gnevor's perspectIve The questIOn whether a Fmance Officer would have a
conflIct of mterest servmg as a school board trustee cannot turn on the
partIcular Fmance Officer's pohtIcal perspectIve or on how sympathetIc he IS to
the Mmlstry's mterests
[63] Fmance Officers have access to mformatIOn that the Mmlstry reasonably
wIshes kept confidentIal from school boards That Mr Schoular would not share
the mformatIOn wIth hIS school board colleagues IS not a sufficIent answer to
thIS Fmance Officer Schoular could not keep the mformatIOn confidentIal from
Trustee Schoular There are some respects, at least, m whIch only he would
know whether Trustee Schoular had taken advantage of mformatIOn acqUIred by
Fmance Officer Schoular m determmmg what posItIOn to advance or support on
Issues ansmg at or concermng the UCDSB In any event, as m Hallborg the
Issue IS not whether the gnevor has actually taken or would be hkely to take
25
Improper advantage of hIS posItIOn as Fmance Officer for the benefit of hIS school
board or hIS posItIOn as trustee The Issue IS whether by assummg office as
school board trustee whIle contmumg m employment as a Fmance Officer he
became subJect to "oblIgatIOns whIch are, m part, contradIctory, and whIch
mvolve mterests whIch wIll, at tImes, be m conflIct, and be seen to be m conflIct."
If he dId, then, as the Hallborg decIsIOn says, there IS an actual conflIct of
mterest of the sort wIth whIch the PSA IS concerned.
[64] I agree wIth the Mmlstry that as of October 2000, the gnevor's servmg
both as Fmance Officer and as school board trustee would have created a conflIct
of mterest wlthm the meamng of sectIOns 284 and 28 7 of the PSA. Apart
altogether from whether It would have been possible for the gnevor to have
favoured hIS school board financIally m the course of hIS dutIes as Fmance
Officer, I consIder It sufficIent that as Fmance Officer he would necessanly be
pnvy to mformatIOn that the employer reasonably wIshes kept confidentIal from
school boards
[65] At least some of the CIrcumstances that have led me to find a conflIct of
mterest were present m a more attenuated form m 1997, when Mr Jackson
opmed that there would be no conflIct of mterest If the condItIons he outlme were
met. I am mclmed to Mr Pebbles' VIew that that opmIOn may not have been
entIrely correct at the tIme It was expressed, and that It mIght have been more
accurate for Mr Jackson to have saId that the conflIct was sufficIently slIght m
the CIrcumstances as they then eXIsted that the Mmlstry was prepared to
tolerate It.
[66] I wIsh to emphasIze that there IS no suggestIOn by the Mmlstry, and I
have made no findmg, that Mr Schoular took Improper advantage of hIS
employment as Fmance Officer whIle servmg as a trustee of the UCDSB
Moreover, whIle I have come to the conclusIOn that hIS posItIOn on the conflIct
Issue must be reJected, It IS entIrely understandable m the CIrcumstances that he
took and pursued that posItIOn WIth the umon's able assIstance
26
[67] Although I have come to the same conclusIOn as the Mmlstry dId m 1999,
I am troubled that It dId not mform the gnevor of that conclusIOn m May 1999
when Mr Peebles came to It. The appropnate officIal of the Mmlstry had told the
gnevor m 1997 that there was no conflIct The mtervlew transcnpt on whIch the
Mmlstry acted m May 1999 recorded that the gnevor had told the radIO
mtervlewer there was no conflIct. The Mmlstry repnmanded hIm for havmg saId
other thmgs m the mtervlew, but dId not take that opportumty to dIsabuse hIm
of the notIOn that there was no conflIct. Its mactIon m that regard could only
have encouraged the gnevor m hIS behef that there was no conflIct. Although he
left hIS obtammg approval of a thIrd term as trustee rather late, m the
CIrcumstances he mIght be forgIven for havmg thought that the outcome was a
foregone and favourable conclusIOn. By the tIme he learned otherwIse he was
pubhcly commItted to runnmg, the electIOn was a few weeks away and there was
no way any challenge to the Mmlstry's changed posItIOn could be resolved before
he had to choose between droppmg out of the electIOn or nsk losmg hIS Job
[68] Havmg come m May 1999 to the conclusIOn that there was a conflIct, the
Mmlstry was prepared to tolerate the conflIct for the balance of the gnevor's
term of office as trustee There IS no reason why It could not have told hIm m
May 1999 both of ItS conclusIOn that there was a conflIct of mterest and of ItS
wlllmgness to tolerate the unavOIdable aspects of the conflIct for the balance of
hIS term. That would have gIven hIm an opportumty to have hIS gnevance about
that posItIOn addressed m the gnevance process and at arbItratIOn before havmg
to choose between hIS two roles It would have gIven hIm the opportumty to seek
some other posItIOn m the CIVIl serVIce m whIch It would not be a conflIct for hIm
to contmue to serve as trustee It would have gIven hIm the opportumty to plan a
graceful eXIt from one or other of the two roles
[69] I do not accept the umon's submIssIOn that the employer had an obhgatIOn
to find the gnevor a non-confllctmg posItIOn m the CIVIl serVIce I do not suggest
that the employer's faIlure to gIve the gnevor notIce of ItS changed VIew earher
than It dId was a breach of some legal entItlement of the gnevor's m respect of
27
whIch he IS entItled as of nght to a partIcular remedy It IS, however, a
consIderatIOn that I thmk should be taken mto account m consIdermg the
exerCIse of my statutory JunsdIctIOn to alter the penalty for the gnevor's havmg
put hImself m a conflIct of mterest contrary to the MmIstry's belated dIrectIOn.
[70] Accordmgly, I dIrect that If wIthm the SIxty day perIOd followmg the
release of thIS decIsIOn the gnevor gIves the employer hIS wntten undertakmg to
resIgn hIS posItIOn as trustee effectIve on the date of hIS remstatement, the
employer shall remstate hIm to hIS former posItIOn as Fmance Officer wIthm two
weeks after receIvmg that wntten undertakmg, or such further tIme as he and
the MmIstry may agree In the event that the gnevor delIvers such an
undertakmg, the penod between hIS last day of pmd employment m October
2000 and the date of hIS remstatement IS to be treated as a leave wIthout pay
pursuant to ArtIcle 24 1 of the partIes' collectIve agreement Any breach of such
an undertakmg to resIgn WIll be cause for dIscharge I retam JunsdIctIOn to
resolve any dIspute concermng the ImplementatIOn of these dIrectIOns
OtherwIse, these two gnevances are dIsmIssed
[71] The partIes are free to agree on some outcome other than one provIded for
m my dIrectIOn. I have stIpulated a SIxty day perIOd m order that the partIes can
have adequate tIme to consIder theIr mterests and optIOns m that regard.
Havmg smd that the employer IS under no legal oblIgatIOn to do so, I
nevertheless hope that m the SIxty day penod provIded for, and any extensIOn on
whIch the partIes may agree, It WIll explore wIth the gnevor, If he wIshes, the
possibIlIty of restormg hIm and hIS talents to the CIVIl serVIce m a posItIOn that
would not necessItate hIS resIgmng office as school board trustee
Dated at Toronto thIS 18th dav of July, 2002
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