HomeMy WebLinkAbout2001-0534.Hunt et al.03-07-18 Decision
Crown Employees Commission de ~~
Grievance Settlement reglement des griefs
Board des employes de la
Couronne
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GSB# 0534/01
UNION# 01F476
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontano PublIc ServIce Employees Umon
(Hunt et al ) Grievor
- and -
The Crown In RIght of Ontano
(Mimstry of the Attorney General) Employer
BEFORE RandI H. Abramsky Vice-Chair
FOR THE UNION GavIn Leeb
BarrIster and SOlICItor
FOR THE EMPLOYER Kelly Burke
Semor Counsel
Management Board Secretanat
HEARING July 10 2003
2
AWARD
At the outset of the heanng, the Employer raised a prelImInary obJectIOn regardIng the
tImelIness of the gnevance The Employer asserts that the change In practIce whIch the
gnevance contests took place years ago and IS therefore untImely under the collectIve
agreement. The Umon takes the posItIOn that the gnevance IS a "contInuIng" gnevance and IS
therefore tImely under the collectIve agreement. ThIS Award addresses that Issue All other
prelImInary Issues, and the Issue of retroactIvIty were reserved.
Facts
On May 4 2001 a group gnevance was filed by three full-tIme Court Reporters The
gnevance states
We gneve on the basIs that by changIng the work polIcy for classIfied court
reporters at 80 The East Mall we have been forced to perform authonzed dutIes
on overtIme hours wIth no overtIme pay contrary to ArtIcle OAD 8 31 [and 8 4]
of the collectIve agreement.
The settlement desIred was
Full redress to Include overtIme pay OWIng for the last ten years calculated on
government T4's for thIS penod, based on the Mimstry's standard of seven
pages per hour
ArtIcle 83 1 of the OAD umt agreement provIdes
Employees In Schedules 3 7 and 4 7 who perform authonzed work In excess of
seven and one-quarter (71J4) hours or eIght (8) hours as applIcable, shall be paid
at the overtIme rate
3
ArtIcle 4 of the OAD umt agreement provIdes as follows
Employees In Schedules 3 and 4 who perform authonzed work In excess of
seven and one-quarter (71J4 ) hours or eIght (8) hours as applIcable shall receIve
compensatIng leave of one and one-half (1I1z) hours for each hour of overtIme
worked, at a tIme mutually agreed upon. FaIlIng agreement, the mImstry shall
reasonably determIne the tIme of the compensatIng leave
Although the partIes dIspute exactly when the practIce changed, there IS no dIspute that
for a substantIal number of years the Mimstry had a practIce of schedulIng full-tIme clasSIfied
court reporters for a "day out of court" to type and prepare transcnpts In addItIOn, court
reporters were allowed to use "down tIme" when the court was not In seSSIOn, to type
transcnpts AccordIng to one of the gnevors, Florence Clark, from the penod 1979 to 1991 she
was regularly scheduled one day per week out of court to type transcnpts, and could also use
her "down tIme" to type transcnpts as well She testIfied that these practIces changed In 1991
when her manager Carol Adams, advIsed the court reporters that they would no longer be
permItted to type transcnpts on work tIme
Manager for Court OperatIOns, Toronto RegIOn, Rosa MartellI testIfied that the
practIce, when she started her posItIOn In 1998 was that full-tIme court reporters were allowed
to prepare transcnpts dunng down tIme and were scheduled, eIther one day per week or one
day every two weeks, out of court to type transcn pts She testIfied that through management
dIscuSSIOns at meetIngs, the need to change thIS practIce was IdentIfied due to budgetary and
efficIency concerns In late 1998 or early 1999 she was advIsed by her dIrector that the
practIce of schedulIng full-tIme court reporters for a day out of court to type transcnpts was no
longer feaSIble and could not contInue She then advIsed her local managers of thIS change for
ImplementatIOn. She testIfied, however that the practIce of allowIng court reporters to use
down tIme to type transcnpts contInued and contInues to thIS date
4
AccordIngly based on the Umon's eVIdence, the practIce regardIng both schedulIng
and use of down tIme changed In 1991 Based on the Employer's eVIdence the practIce
regardIng schedulIng changed In eIther 1998 or 1999 and there has been no change In regard to
the practIce regardIng down tIme
Ms Clark testIfied that the change In polIcy regardIng the preparatIOn of transcnpts
greatly concerned her because she was not sure how she would be able to complete her
transcnpts In a tImely fashIOn. She consulted wIth the Umon but dId not file a gnevance It
was her belIef, at the tIme, that there was no basIs upon whIch a gnevance could be filed, and It
was her understandIng that thIS change In practIce was mImstry-wIde She acknowledged on
cross-eXamInatIOn that she had the nght to gneve an alleged vIOlatIOn of the collectIve
agreement and that SImIlar overtIme proVISIOns eXIsted In the 1991 collectIve agreement. She
could not recall whether or not she revIewed the collectIve agreement at the tIme She also
testIfied that she dId not pursue a gnevance at the tIme because she was afraid for her Job In
lIght of va no us pIlot proJects and ImtIatIves takIng place In the courts at the tIme
Ms Clark explaIned that she became a umon steward In January 2001 She
subsequently learned that court reporters In other locatIOns stIll had regularly scheduled days
off to prepare transcnpts and were allowed to type transcnpts dunng down tIme She also
learned that unclassIfied court reporters were allowed days out of court to do office work and
type transcn pts She complaIned about thIS to her supervISor and when no change was
forthcomIng, she filed three gnevances One gnevance alleged unequal treatment. That
gnevance IS not before me and ItS status IS not clear In the record. Nor IS the status of the
second gnevance The thIrd gnevance, the one at Issue In thIS matter alleged a vIOlatIOn of the
5
overtIme provIsIOns Ms Clark testIfied that she had become more famIlIar wIth the collectIve
agreement, revIewed It thoroughly and "found a sectIOn I can gneve "
Ms Clark testIfied that she has not prepared transcnpts dunng her down tIme from
1991 to the present, although she acknowledged that she has reVIewed her transcnpts and
performed related work such as InVOICIng. She further acknowledged that one of the other
gnevors, Margery DeCosta, dId type transcnpts at work dunng the work day although she was
not aware If she dId thIS on her lunch tIme or recess or down tIme The posItIOn specIficatIOn
for classIfied Court Reporter lIsts "provIdIng transcnpts of court proceedIngs on request;
certIfYIng accuracy of transcnpts as Court Reporter (NOTE Transcnpts normally prepared on
Incumbent's own tIme)" as one of the dutIes of a Court Reporter
Ms MartellI testIfied that she was shocked by the gnevance gIven the passage of so
much tIme sInce the change In practIce In terms of preJudIce, Ms MartellI testIfied that there
has been a sIgmficant change In management at the East Mall court SInce 1991 and a number
of managers have left the Mimstry She further testIfied that mInutes of management meetIngs
are kept only for two years, and no longer eXIst for 1991 1998 or 1999 LIkeWIse any memos
about dIrectIves and changes made In 1991 would no longer eXISt.
Positions of the Parties
The Employer
The Employer asserts that the eVIdence establIshed that the May 4 2001 gnevance was
filed well beyond the thIrty (30) day tIme lImIt set out In the partIes' collectIve agreement.
Under the Umon's eVIdence, the Employer submIts that the gnevance was filed ten years too
6
late Under Its eVIdence, the delay was approxImately two to three years EIther way the
Employer submIts that the gnevance was excessIvely late
The Employer contends that the gnevance allegIng a vIOlatIOn of the overtIme
provIsIOns could have been brought In 1991 Ms Clark, the Employer notes, was fully aware
of her nght to file a gnevance and even consulted wIth the Umon. But she dId not file a
gnevance Instead, the Employer submIts that there was no challenge to the change In practIce
over many years, or through the negotIatIOn of numerous collectIve agreements
The Employer submIts that for an extensIOn of the tIme lImIts to be permItted under
SectIOn 48(16) of the Labour Relations Act there must be good reason for the delay and no
preJudIce to the OppOSIng party In thIS case, the Employer contends that neIther standard has
been met. It submIts that the Umon has not establIshed a reasonable explanatIOn for the delay
and the Employer has demonstrated preJudIce, gIven that certaIn documents would no longer
eXIsts and relevant wItnesses are no longer wIth the Mimstry In ItS VIew thIS would
undermIne the Employer's abIlIty to defend ItS actIOns should the matter be allowed to proceed.
In support of ItS posItIOn, the Employer cItes to the folloWIng cases. OBLEU (Wicken)
and Liquor Control Board of Ontario (1998), GSB No 2216/97 (Knopf) OBLEU (Gamble)
and Liquor Control Board of Ontario (1998), GSB No 1635/96 (Gray) OPSEU (Szabo) and
Ontario Realty COlporation (2001) GSB No 1811/95 (HerlIch) Gordon Campbell and
Ontario Realty Corporation (2001), PSGB No P/0032/99 (LeIghton) In these cases, delays of
between 16 month to 2 1Iz years were found to be "very lengthy" "extreme" and "enormous"
and the arbItrators refused to exerCIse theIr statutory dIscretIOn to extend the tIme lImIts for
filIng a gnevance
7
For the Union
The Umon submIts that the gnevance alleges that the gnevors "have been forced to
perform authonzed dutIes on overtIme hours wIth no overtIme pay contrary to ArtIcle OAD
8 3 1 [and 84] of the collectIve agreement." The Umon submIts that thIS sItuatIOn has been
ongOIng SInce 1991 and that each tIme the gnevors are reqUIred to produce a transcnpt on theIr
own tIme, It vIOlates the overtIme provIsIOns of the collectIve agreement. It claims that the
vIOlatIOns started In 1991 and contInue untIl the present. It submIts that It IS not gneVIng an
event whIch occurred years ago but the resultIng contInuIng breaches of the overtIme
provIsIOns of the collectIve agreement. It asserts that because the gnevance IS a contInuIng
gnevance, It IS tImely under the collectIve agreement.
The Umon asserts that the Issue of retroactIvIty of the remedy IS separate and dIStInct
from the questIOn of tImelIness of the gnevance The retroactIvIty Issue, It contends, Involves
how far back before May 4 2001 the remedy may go But In ItS VIew that Issue does not
Impact whether or not the gnevance IS tImely
The Umon submIts that the gnevance clearly meets the standard for a "contInuIng
gnevance" as set out In the case law In support It cItes to Re National Paper Goods and
Graphic Communications International Union, Local lOO-M (2001) 102 L.AC (4th) 32
(Abramsky) OPSEU (Union Grievance) and Seneca College of Applied Arts and Technology
unreported decIsIOn of McDowell, October 29 1998 OPSEU (Redmond) and Ministry of
Health (1989) GSB No 0928/88 (Roberts)
8
The Umon further submIts that It IS not askIng thIS Board to exerCIse ItS dIscretIOn to
extend the tIme lImIts under SectIOn 48(16) of the Labour Relations Act Instead, It argues that
the gnevance asserts a contInuIng vIOlatIOn of the collectIve agreement. It submIts that the
eVIdence establIshes that the practIce contInues and the gnevors are regularly and routInely
reqUIred to prepare transcnpts on theIr own tIme
Employer Reply
The Employer contends that there IS no eVIdence to establIsh that there IS any breach of
the collectIve agreement nor a contInuIng breach. In ItS submIsSIOn, the Employer had
provIded a gratUItous benefit to ItS court reporters, allowIng them to prepare transcnpts on
work tIme and then be paid, separately for that work. The practIce ItS submIts ended In eIther
1991 or 1998 and was neIther challenged nor contested.
Decision
The May 4 2001 gnevance alleges as follows
We gneve on the baSIS that by changIng the work polIcy for classIfied court
reporters at 80 The East Mall we have been forced to perform authonzed dutIes
on overtIme hours WIth no overtIme pay contrary to ArtIcle OAD 83 1 [and
84] of the collectIve agreement.
There are two ways to VIew thIS gnevance FIrst, It can be VIewed as a challenge to the
reVISIOn of a practIce that, on the Umon's eVIdence took place In 1991 and on the Employer's
eVIdence, took place In eIther 1998 or 1999 Under thIS VIew the gnevance would clearly be
untImely It would be eIther ten years or two to three years too late
The second way to VIew the gnevance IS as a challenge to the ongOIng Impact of the
change In practIce In relatIOn to the overtIme proVISIOns In the collectIve agreement. Under thIS
9
VIew the gnevance would be a "contInuIng gnevance" and the tIme for filIng It would run
from the latest breach.
In Re National Paper Goods and Graphic Communications International Union, Local
lOO-M, supra, the gnevance claimed that the employer Improperly demed Saturday overtIme
opportumtIes to full-tIme bargaInIng umt employees by USIng part-tIme employees Instead. For
years there had been a consIstent practIce to offer scheduled Saturday overtIme work to full-
tIme bargaInIng umt employees when there was no weekend shIft, rather than assIgn It to part-
tIme employees That practIce changed and the employer argued that the gnevance was
untImely because the alleged breach - the alleged change In ItS schedulIng practIce - first took
place on a date more than 30 days before the gnevance was filed. The Umon argued that each
tIme a part-tIme employee was assIgned such work, a separate breach of the collectIve
agreement occurred.
Based on the facts of that case and the case law supplIed by the partIes, I concluded that
the gnevance Involved In that case was In the nature of a "contInuIng" gnevance and was
tImely filed. Of partIcular aSSIstance were the defimtIOns of a "contInuIng" gnevance outlIned
In Re Parking Authority of Toronto and C UP.E. Local 48(1974), 4 L.AC (2d) ISO (Adell)
Re Port Colborne General Hospital and Ontario Nurses Association (1986) 23 LAC (3d)
323 (Burkett) and Re British Columbia and B C.N U (1982) S L.AC (3d) 404 (Getz)
In Re Parking Authority of Toronto and C UP.E. Local 48 supra, ArbItrator Adell
determIned that a gnevance allegIng that the company was Improperly schedulIng part-tIme
employees, pursuant to a practIce whIch had contInued for more than thIrteen years, was tImely
filed even though the gnevance procedure stated that "no gnevance shall be conSIdered, the
10
alleged CIrcumstances of whIch ongInated or occurred more than five (S) workIng days pnor to
Its presentatIOn as a wntten gnevance " The Board stated at p IS2-S3
Many CanadIan arbItratIOn awards have dealt wIth what are known as
"contInuIng gnevances" - that IS, gnevances whIch do not relate to a sIngle act
posseSSIng substantIal finalIty such as a dIscharge or a promotIOn, but relate
Instead to a contInuIng course of conduct - conduct whIch IS renewed at regular
Intervals and IS capable of beIng consIdered as a senes of separate actIOns rather
than as one actIOn whIch may Just happen to have contInuIng consequences
In the Board's VIew at p IS3 "The case before us clearly Involves a contInuIng gnevance as It
concerns repeated acts of schedulIng of employee workIng hours, each such act beIng an
alleged breach of the collectIve agreement."
In Re Port Colbourne General Hospital and ONA. supra at p 327-28 ArbItrator
KevIn Burkett set forth the follOWIng defimtIOn of a "contInuIng" gnevance
It IS clear from a readIng of the cases that the questIOn that must be asked IS
whether or not the conduct that IS complaIned of gIves nse to a senes of
separate IdentIfiable breaches, each one capable of supportIng ItS own cause of
actIOn. AllegatIOns concermng the unJust ImposItIOn of dIsCIplIne, the Improper
awardIng of a promotIOn, or the faIlure to proVIde any premIUm or payment
reqUIred on a sIngle occaSIOn, whIle they may have ongOIng consequences,
constItute allegatIOns of dIscrete non-contInuIng VIOlatIOns of the collectIve
agreement. In contrast, an allegatIOn of an ongOIng faIlure to pay the wage rate
or a benefit under the collectIve agreement or an ongoIng concerted work
stoppage constItute allegatIOns of contInuIng breaches of the collectIve
agreement. In these cases the party agaInst whom the gnevance IS filed takes a
senes of fresh steps each one gIVIng nse to a separate breach. In thIS latter type
of case the tIme-lImIts for the filIng of a gnevance apart altogether from any
questIOn as to when damages commence to run, must be found to be tnggered
by the breach closest In tIme to the filIng of the gnevance
FInally In Re British Columbia and B C.NA. supra, the arbItrator adopted the
defimtIOn of a "contInuIng" gnevance proposed by Professor Gorsky In Evidence and
Procedure in Canadian Labour Arbitration (1981), at p 3 S
The appropnate rule for deCIdIng the Isolated or contInuIng nature of the
gnevance IS the rule developed In contract law The recurrence of damage wIll
not make a gnevance a contInuIng gnevance It IS necessary that the party be In
11
breach vIOlate a recurnng duty When a duty anses at Intervals and IS breached
each tIme, a "contInUIng' vIOlatIOn occurs, and the agreement's lImItatIOn
penod does not run untIl the final breach. When no regular duty eXIsts and the
harm merely contInues or Increases wIthout any further breach, the gnevance IS
Isolated, and the penod runs from the breach, IrrespectIve of damage
The GSB has adopted a sImIlar standard for defimng a "contInuIng gnevance" In
OPSEU (Redmond) and Ministry of Health, supra the Board stated that at p 5 "We accept as
authontatIve the propOSItIOn that for a contInuIng gnevance to eXIst, the gnevance must
complaIn of the breach of a contInuIng duty The gnevance must not merely complaIn that the
collectIve agreement was beached In a sIngle transactIOn." The Board at p 6 held that It had
JunsdIctIOn to treat as a contInuIng gnevance "those portIOns of the gnevance whIch allege
that the Mimstry IS In breach of a contInuIng duty under the CollectIve Agreement."
The questIOn presented here, therefore, IS whether the gnevance Involves an alleged
breach of a contInuIng duty or an ongOIng faIlure to pay a benefit under the collectIve
agreement, or does It relate to sIngle transactIOn - the 1991 or 1998 change In practIce? Does
It Involve a contInuIng course of conduct rather than one actIOn whIch happens to have
contInuIng consequences? Upon careful conSIderatIOn, I conclude that the gnevance Involves
an alleged ongOIng faIlure to comply wIth the overtIme reqUIrements set forth In the collectIve
agreement. The gnevance alleges that by changIng the practIce, "we have been forced to
perform authonzed dutIes on overtIme hours wIth no overtIme pay contrary to the collectIve
agreement. " It IS not the change In practIce, per se, that IS beIng gneved. It IS the alleged
consequence of that change In practIce - the alleged breach of the overtIme provISIOns - and
that alleged breach IS ongoIng.
12
The testImony of Ms Clark establIshed that the reqUIrement to prepare transcnpts on
her own tIme remaIns a part of the dutIes of a Court Reporter That IS also eVIdent from the
posItIOn specIficatIOn.
The sItuatIOn IS sImIlar to that In Re Parking Authority of Toronto supra, where the
schedulIng practIce had been ongOIng for many years, but each repeated act of schedulIng was
held to be a separate alleged breach of the collectIve agreement. It IS also sImIlar to Re
National Paper Goods, supra, where even though It was the employer's change In practIce that
led to the gnevances, that dId not change the nature of the gnevances Into a sIngle actIOn.
Instead, "[e]ach act of schedulIng led to an Independent alleged breach of the overtIme
provISIOns of the collectIve agreement." (102 LAC (3d) at p 42) In thIS case the Umon
submIts that each act of requmng Court Reporters to prepare transcnpts on theIr own tIme,
after regular workIng hours, IS In vIOlatIOn of the overtIme provISIOns of the collectIve
agreement.
Most assuredly thIS gnevance could have (and should have) been filed In 1991
SImIlar overtIme provISIOns eXIsted at the tIme, and the fact that the gnevors dId not realIze
that they had a potentIal gnevance does not excuse theIr faIlure to do so Because of the
ongOIng nature of the gnevance, however these arguments pertaIn to the Issue of remedy not
the Issue of tImelIness of the gnevance SImIlarly relevant to the Issue of remedy IS the
concern noted by ArbItrator Adell In Re Parking Authority of Toronto supra at p 153
regardIng aVOIdIng the bUIldIng up of heavy back pay lIabIlIty
The eVIdence of preJudIce presented by the Employer wIll also be relevant to the Issue
of remedy If documents or wItnesses pnor to 2001 are not avaIlable and preJudIce would
13
result, that would be relevant to the determInIng how far back any remedy could go Further If
there IS eVIdence of preJudIce to the Employer's abIlIty to defend ItS actIOns, that Issue may be
dealt wIth dunng the heanng. At thIS Juncture, however the eVIdence does not establIsh that
and does not negate the Umon' s nght to proceed wIth thIS matter
AccordIngly for all of the foregoIng reasons, I conclude that the May 4 2001 gnevance
IS a "contInuIng" gnevance, and as such, It IS tImely under the collectIve agreement. The
Employer's prelImInary obJectIOn based on tImelIness IS dIsmIssed.
Issued at Toronto thIS 18th day of July 2003
:hr-u?tE:JCv~ ~
Ran(h H. Abramsky Vice-Chair