HomeMy WebLinkAbout2002-0104.Hymers et al.05-01-18 Decision
Crown Employees Commission de ~~
Grievance Settlement reglement des griefs
Board des employes de la
Couronne
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IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontano PublIc ServIce Employees Umon
(Hymers et al ) Union
- and -
The Crown In RIght of Ontano
(Mimstry of Natural Resources) Employer
BEFORE BelInda A KIrkwood Vice-Chair
FOR THE UNION GavIn Leeb
Bamster and SOlICItor
FOR THE EMPLOYER LIsa Compagnone
Counsel
Management Board Secretanat
HEARING June 16 July 7 September 17
December 9 & 10 2003
February 10 11 23 & 24 March 4 5 15 16
18 & 19 Apnl29 May 5 25 26
September 23 2004
2
DeCISIon
The grievors are water bomber pilots who filed grievances on March 20, 2002, claiming that
when the water bombers terminated the compressed work year agreement which the parties
entered into in 1991, the Ministry was required to apply the terms and conditions set out in the
1995 Float Agreement, the agreement that was applicable to all of the other pilots in the Ministry
at the time of the termination of the compressed work year agreement. Alternatively, the
grievors claimed that their working conditions were governed by the preceding 1988 Float
Agreement, the agreement which covered all of the other pilots in the Ministry from 1988 to
1995
The Ministry claims that the 1995 Float Agreement superseded the 1988 Float Agreement, and
under the terms of the 1995 Float Agreement, the water bomber pilots were excluded from its
coverage, and therefore the water bomber pilots were governed solely by the collective
agreement as Schedule 6 employees
Background
The Ministry has maintained a fleet of aircraft since 1924 Traditionally, the Ministry had
operated a fleet of small bush planes as well as larger bush planes such as Twin Otters which it
used for water bombing in fire control, as well as other airplanes in its fleet. The air service fleet
did not change significantly until the Ministry purchased larger aircraft, helicopters and CL-215
water bombers in the nineteen eighties In the late nineteen nineties, the Ministry purchased
CL-415s to replace the aging CL-215 aircraft to perform water bombing duties With the
purchase of the CL-215s and the later CL-415s, fire control has been done primarily by the CL-
215 water bomber pilots, although pilots of other aircrafts are required at times for fire related
duties
By 1988, the classification of pilots was outdated, the cost of operating the fleet was expensive
and the wages of the pilots were not competitive with those offered by industry or by other
Provinces, and most of the pilots were hired on contract as unclassified employees rather than
permanent classified employees
In 1989 the Ministry began to make changes Prior to 1989, pilots were categorized on the
basis of either VFR (visual flight rules) or IFR (instrument flight rules) rating In 1989, the
Ministry removed this classification system and classified the pilots on the basis of five
3
standards which were set out in Schedule 6 of the Regulations to the Public Service Act [0
Reg 758/94 s 1] The Ministry also decided to develop a fleet of classified pilots to fly the CL-
215s, whose particular function was fire control, as the CL-215s were expensive to operate, and
training for the pilots was expensive as flying this aircraft required a specialized skill level After
1989, in conjunction with their decision, the Ministry also moved to have all the CL-215 pilots
classified, and recruited classified pilots for the CL-215s
The grievors are water bomber pilots who were originally CL-215 pilots, but who have since
become CL-415 pilots For simplicity, I will refer to these pilots who hold the CL-415
classification and would be affected by this decision as CL-215 pilots
All pilots, as members of the Union are covered by an overall collective agreement entered into
between the Ministry and the Union However as there are a multitude of different work
demands and arrangements among the various groups of union members, it is common for the
Ministry to enter into further agreements that better reflect the needs of a specific constituent.
Specifically, in this case the pilots have entered into various agreements or memoranda of
understanding which have then had the effect of amending the terms of the collective
agreement as it has been applied to the pilots
In 1981, the Ministry and the Union entered into an agreement, modifying the collective
agreement, which the parties refer to as the "1981 Float Agreement" which set out the hours of
work that were to occur over the course of the year and provided that the "Conditions and
Employment Benefits" under the collective agreement would apply, subject to certain limitations
that were defined in the 1981 Float Agreement. This agreement covered all of the pilots in the
Ministry
In 1988, the parties negotiated an agreement that replaced the 1981 Float Agreement, which
the parties refer to as the "1988 Float Agreement" Similar to the 1981 Float Agreement, this
agreement contained improvements to the terms of the collective agreement as it applied to the
pilots In the case of both of these agreements, the pilots work the whole year based on a
pattern of work that is common in many groups of employees, such as working on schedules
based upon five days on work and two days off, and including additional payments or time off in
lieu to compensate the pilots for their irregular and demanding hours
The 1988 Float Agreement proved costly to the Ministry as it related to the CL-215 pilots There
was a large amount of overtime paid during the summer as a result of the high demand on the
water bomber pilots during the fire season, and then the Ministry had to pay them during winter
4
even though there was little work to keep these pilots occupied As a result, the Ministry
approached the CL-215 pilots to discuss the possibility of working on a compressed work year
arrangement.
The CL-215 pilots were amenable to entering into such discussions as under the 1988 Float
agreement they were required to be available during the summer and they recognized that the
Ministry had little or no work for them to do during the winter months The CL-215 pilots also
saw an opportunity to obtain freedom from their work obligations during the winter season
Representatives of the CL-215 pilots, in particular, AL Hymers and Bob Graham, worked with
the Ministry, specifically Jamie Sargent, who was the Assistant Director of Aviation Service and
Fire Management, to reach an agreement using a compressed work year arrangement. The
talks and the proposals exchanged centred upon an application of Article 7 of the collective
agreement then in force, and its system of compressed work weeks The negotiations for a
compressed work year arrangement based on Article 7 of the collective agreement, did not
however result in a settlement, as the CL-215 pilots failed to ratify a proposed agreement in
September 1989
In February 1991, the negotiations focused on a different approach to the creation of a
compressed work year with the result that the Ministry and the Union on behalf of the CL-215
pilots entered into an agreement in 1991, which was very different from the earlier float
agreements In March 1991, the CL-215 pilots, through negotiations between AL Hymers, and
Jamie Sargent, developed terms and conditions of a compressed work year arrangement, which
was based on a new schedule to the collective agreement, being Schedule A, and which, to the
parties' knowledge, had not been used by others Schedule A was based upon a method of
averaging hours The method by which Schedule A was to apply to the CL-215 pilots was
developed by the parties in a document, called "Application of Schedule A to CL-215 Pilots
Positions", which is hereinafter referred to as the "Guidelines" The terms and conditions which
the parties agreed to in the Guidelines, specifically applied to the CL-215 pilots
The central feature of these Guidelines was that the 1885 hours of work that was required to be
performed over the year at straight time was compressed into a 30 work week period, which the
parties refer to as the fire season, thus eliminating overtime payments during the fire season At
the end of the fire season, in exchange for foregoing overtime during the fire season, the CL-
215 pilots were not required to work during the winter months, even though there was evidence
that sometimes they did so The Guidelines also included other features such as the principles
5
upon which a schedule would be based for fire season, and principles applying to the payment
of money, time off and leaves
In order to implement these Guidelines, the Union on behalf of the CL-215 pilots had to enter
into a specific agreement with the Ministry The CL-215 pilots could not be on both Schedule 6
under the Public Service Act and Schedule A to the collective agreement at the same time As
Schedule 6 employees they would have been able to accrue overtime on the basis of weekly
hours worked, while under Schedule A, working on a compressed work year, they could not
accrue a right to overtime until they had worked 1885 hours The Ministry had wanted to move
the CL-215 pilots to Schedule A on a permanent basis, in line with their long term goals which
was to separate the CL-215 pilots from the remaining pilots and to apply a compressed work
year to all the CL-215 pilots These goals had been recommended by Jamie Sargent in an
internal management document, at his presentation to the Management Planning Committee in
1988 The CL-215 pilots however, were anxious about the proposed move to a compressed
work year arrangement. As a result, the parties entered into an agreement on a one year trial
basis and Schedule A was put into effect by a "Minute of Understanding" dated April 11, 1991,
hereinafter called the "1991 Minute of U nderstandi ng" Under the 1991 Minute of
Understanding, the CL-215 pilots were transferred from Schedule 6 of the Public Service Act
to Schedule A of the collective agreement and while the Minute of Understanding was in effect,
no longer had access to the Float Agreement as defined in the Minute of Understanding as long
as Schedule A was in effect. The 1991 Minute of Understanding entered into between the
Ministry and the Union on November 4, 1991 states
Effective March 18 1991 CL-215 Pilot positions will be transferred from Schedule 6 to
Schedule A for a one-year trial period
It is hereby understood and agreed that while Schedule A is in effect, the full time
classified pilots assigned to these positions will not be covered by the April 1 1988
Memorandum of Understanding between the Ministry and OPSEU with respect to Pilots
(i e 'Float Agreement")
The CL-215 pilots were governed by Schedule A each year until the CL-215 pilots terminated
the 1991 Memorandum of Understanding effective March 31,2002 The Union, on behalf of the
CL-215 pilots, and the Ministry, entered into an agreement to cover the 2001 and 2002 fiscal
year and executed a Memorandum of Understanding in April and May 2002 recognizing the
past history and agreeing that the CL-215 pilots would still be considered under Schedule A for
the 2001/02 fiscal year
6
The April/May 2001 Memorandum of Understanding states in part:
Whereas the parties signed an MOU on April 11 1991 transferring CL-215 (now CL-415)
pilots from Schedule 6 to Schedule A for a one-year period and
Whereas the parties developed guidelines for the application of Schedule A to CL-215
(now CL-415) pilots dated March 22 1991 for that one-year trial period and
Whereas the parties have continued this arrangement past the one-year trail period now
The parties do hereby agree to the following arrangements with respect to the application
of Schedule A to CL-415 pilots for the fiscal year 2001/02
This parties agree that, except for the changes made herein the guidelines for the
application of Schedule A to CL-215 (now CL-415) pilots dated March 22 1991 remain
applicable for the duration of this agreement.
The parties agree to review the status of this agreement at the end of the current
operating season The parties understand that such a review may result in minor or
major amendments to the agreement, or to the termination of the agreement in its
entirety
In September 2001, the CL-215 pilots exercised their right to terminate the 1991 Minute of
Understanding effective March 31, 2002 By letter dated March 14, 2002, the Ministry advised
the CL-215 pilots that "The default under the current OPSEU collective agreement is Schedule
6 Pleased be advised that the "Float Agreement" does not apply to CL415 Pilots"
In the interim, in 1995, the non-CL-215 pilots, who had been covered under the 1988 Float
Agreement had reached an agreement with the Ministry replacing the 1988 Float Agreement
with the 1995 Float Agreement.
On March 16, 1995 the Ministry and the Union on behalf of the non-CL-215 pilots, entered into a
Memorandum of Understanding, hereinafter called the "1995 Float Agreement" and the 1995
Float Agreement stated that it was to apply to all pilots "with the exception of the CL-215 pilots"
This clause is hereinafter referred to as "the exclusionary language" The preamble to the 1995
Float Agreement states
i This agreement applies to all classified and unclassified pilots employed by the
Ministry of Natural Resources with the exception of those classified pilots that are
assigned to the CL-215 water bomber program
ii The intent of this agreement is to recognize the pilots irregular working
conditions necessitated by the Ministry's diversified role in resource management
aviation and transport.
iii Unless otherwise provided for by this Agreement, all appropriate provisions of the
Public Service Act and regulations and the Collective Agreement apply
7
Immediately after the execution of the 1995 Float Agreement, the Union and the Ministry
initiated discussions for an agreement focusing on the CL-215 pilots However, these
discussions did not fully develop and did not result in an agreement.
Nomenclature
Although the parties never used the term "default agreement" during their negotiations, the
counsel and the witnesses used the term throughout the hearing to refer to the agreement
which the CL-215 pilots would be governed by on the termination of the 1991 Minute of
Understanding when these pilots were no longer on Schedule A. Accordingly I have used the
term in the same manner from time to time in this decision
Grievances
This grievance arose as the CL-215 pilots exercised their right to terminate the 1991 Minute of
Understanding in September 2001, effective March 31, 2002, and the parties differed in their
understanding of what agreement was to be govern the working terms and conditions for these
pilots
Claims
The Ministry claims that, with the execution of the 1995 Float Agreement, the default agreement
for the CL-215 pilots, should they no longer fall under the 1991 Minute of Understanding, had
changed Upon the termination of the 1991 Minute of Understanding the CL-215 pilots were
transferred back to Schedule 6 and their working conditions were determined solely by the
collective agreement.
The Ministry claims that as a result of the exclusionary language in the 1995 Float Agreement
"with the exception of those classified pilots that are assigned to the CL-215 water bomber
program" the CL-215 pilots no longer had access to the 1995 Float Agreement, whether or not
the 1991 Minute of Understanding was in existence, or was terminated The Ministry claims that
as the 1995 Float Agreement superseded the 1988 Float Agreement, the 1988 Float Agreement
was void, and also was no longer available to the CL-215 classified pilots
The Union claims and seeks a declaration that once the 1991 Minute of Understanding and
Schedule A was no longer in effect, the CL-215 pilots were covered by the 1995 Float
Agreement. For the purpose of this claim, the Union accepts the Ministry's position that the
1995 Float Agreement had replaced the 1988 Float Agreement.
8
Alternatively, the Union claims that once the CL-215 pilots were no longer under the 1991
Minute of Understanding and Schedule A, the Ministry is bound by the 1991 Minute of
Understanding and therefore, the default agreement is the 1998 Float Agreement.
The Decision
The differences between the Ministry and the Union arose because the 1991 Minute of
Understanding failed to specifically address what agreement was to govern the CL-215 pilots if
the 1991 Minute of Understanding was terminated The parties entered into the 1991 Minute of
Understanding on a one year trial basis with the intent that they would try the compressed work
year arrangement to see if it would work, and never specifically addressed in the 1991 Minute of
Understanding, what should occur if this arrangement was not satisfactory to the Ministry and
the CL-215 pilots The problem was compounded in that the temporary agreement continued
for over ten years, so that by the time the Union terminated the arrangement, there had been
changes to the rights obtained by the non-CL215 pilots through negotiations with the Ministry,
which had been captured in a new float agreement, being the 1995 Float Agreement.
Both the Ministry and the Union were in agreement that there were only three alternatives that
could apply as the default agreement, these being the 1995 Float Agreement, the 1988 Float
Agreement or the collective agreement.
The general principles of contract interpretation are stated in British Columbia v British
Columbia Government and Service Employees' Union [2003] BCCAAA No 289 (Germaine)
at paragraph 23
Very briefly, the essential objective of a collective agreement, that entails the
search for the intention of the parties who made the agreement. The primary
source of this information is the language used by the parties to express their
bargain For the most part, the words of the agreement are to be given their
plain and ordinary meaning having regard to the context in which they are
found and the reasonableness of the meaning in light of the practical
consequences A secondary meaning may be preferred if such an
interpretation is dictated by the context of the necessity to avoid an absurdity
The Ministry relies on the general proposition that, "[w]hen faced with a choice
between two linguistically permissible interpretations, arbitrators have been
guided by the reasonableness of each possible interpretation, administrative
feasibility and which interpretation would give rise to anomalies"(Brown &
Beatty, supra)[i e 3d ed at 4.200] I accept that proposition as a summary of,
or consistent with, the general principles to which I have referred
And at paragraph 27
9
however, it is necessary to complete this account of the pertinent principles
of interpretation Under the doctrine of contra proferentem, on which both
parties rely, an ambiguity is construed against the party which authored the
document. As I will explain, the Union relies on a broad application of the
doctrine The remaining principle to note is that extrinsic evidence may assist
the arbitrator to determine the mutual intention of the parties in relation to
dispute language University of British Columbia and CUPE, Local 116,
[1977]1 Can LRBR 13 (BCLRB No 42/76) "The fundamental point. is that
arbitrators approach their interpretative task with a full appreciation of the
circumstances relevant to the dispute contract language" Nanaimo Times Ltd
and GCUI, Local 525-M, [1996] B C L.R B D No 40, BCLRB Decision No
B40/96 at, paragraph 32
Finding With Respect to the 1995 Float Agreement,
Whether it Could be the Default Agreement
I have heard extrinsic evidence on the history of the negotiations of this agreement. After
hearing the history of the negotiations, I find that the 1995 Float Agreement is not ambiguous,
and the exclusionary language in the 1995 Float Agreement is to be interpreted on the basis of
its plain and ordinary meaning to the effect that the CL-215 pilots are excluded from its
coverage and are not able to access the 1995 Float Agreement on the termination of the 1991
Minute of Understanding
On the plain reading of the exclusion clause the CL-215 pilots are not covered under the 1995
Float Agreement. Paragraph i of the preamble to the 1995 Float Agreement sets out the scope
of the agreement when it states
i This agreement applies to all classified and unclassified pilots employed by the Ministry of
Natural Resources with the exception of those classified pilots that are assigned to the CL-
215 water bomber program
The parties' negotiating history of the 1995 Float Agreement supports this interpretation of the
exclusionary clause on its plain and ordinary meaning as it demonstrated that the Ministry and
the Union intended to restrict the application of this agreement solely to the non-CL-215 pilots
From as early as the negotiation of the 1991 Minute of Understanding, the parties saw the CL-
215 pilots as distinct from the remaining pilots, and treated each group separately, and
negotiated for each group separately As a result, the negotiation of the 1995 Float Agreement
did not involve the CL-215 pilots in any fashion The Union did not have any representatives
acting on their behalf at the negotiating table, nor as part of any working group to that
agreement. Neither the CL-215 pilots, nor their issues, were topics of discussion in this round of
negotiations As such, the separation of the two sets of negotiations affected the scope of the
agreement reached
10
Evidence of the separation between the CL-215 pilots and the non-CL-215 pilots began as early
as 1988 The Ministry began to consider separating the two groups of pilots after it received
recommendations from Jamie Sargent in 1988 on the organization and long-range terms for the
management of the pilots Subsequently the Ministry approached the Union to ascertain if the
CL-215 pilots were interested in working on a compressed work year Once the CL-215 pilots
expressed an interest in pursuing a compressed work year arrangement, both the Ministry and
the Union began to treat the two groups of pilots differently
Jill Morgan, who began to work as a Job Security Officer for the Union in 1989, and who was
involved in negotiations from 1989 to 1993, corroborated the separation of the negotiations for
the CL-215 pilots and that of the negotiations for the non-215 pilots Jill Morgan testified that
she set up separate negotiations for the CL-215s, and was trying to negotiate a separate
agreement for the CL-215 pilots based on a compressed work year arrangement, and a different
agreement for the non-CL-215 pilots Although in September 1989, the Union members did not
ratify the proposal for settlement for the CL-215 pilots for a compressed work year based upon
on Article 7 of the collective agreement as first negotiated by the parties, the Ministry reached
an agreement with the Union on behalf of the CL-215 pilots in the 1991 Minute of
Understanding The non-CL-215 pilots were not party to any of these discussions, and nor were
their issues subject of the negotiations for the CL-215 pilots
The Ministry Employee Relations Committee (hereinafter referred to as MERC) represents both
management and union and functions in part as a process by which various local issues are
brought to the wider Ministry and Union level As reflected in the MERC minutes, and as
reflected by the witnesses from both parties, the issues surrounding the CL-215 pilots began to
be seen as separate from those relating to the non-CL-215 pilots For instance, the MERC
minutes for April 11, 1990 reflected that the CL-215 pilots were seeking an agreement but the
matter was put aside as it was too late to conclude an agreement before the fire season In
February 14, 1991, the separation of the issues relating to the CL-215 pilots was again evident.
The MERC Minutes reflect that AI Hymers spoke on behalf of the CL-215 pilots on some of the
issues surrounding the compressed work year agreement, and that by the end of the meeting AI
Hymers and Jamie Sargent were able to resolve a list of general principles which required the
CL-215 pilots to move out of the 1988 Float Agreement onto Schedule A, which ultimately led to
the signing of the 1991 Minute of Understanding
After the CL-215 pilots had operated for one season under the compressed work year
arrangement under the 1991 Minute of Understanding, the Ministry conducted a review of the
11
CL-215 pilots and their managers canvassing their views and recommendations on the 1991
Minute of Understanding This review did not involved the non-CL215 pilots
Mirroring the negotiations by the CL-215s with the Ministry, Union representatives acting for the
non-CL215 pilots were carrying on separate negotiations with the Ministry The issue of
renegotiating the non-CL-215 pilot agreement had been tabled at the MERC meeting in the
spring of 1991, with the result that a working group of non-CL-215 pilots formed to meet with
Ministry representatives to discuss the issues concerning the non-CL-215 pilots There were no
representatives of the CL-215 pilots in any of these negotiations
These negotiations were focused only on issues concerning the non-CL-215 pilots Initially the
Ministry was focused on moving the non-CL-215 pilots onto Schedule A, as it had done with the
CL-215 pilots, and the Union focused its approach and its drafts based upon Schedule 6 and
enhancements to the 1988 Float Agreement. These two different approaches caused the
negotiations to stall However, in January 1993, management refocused its position and the
discussions moved from transferring the non-CL-215 pilots to Schedule A to the enhancements
negotiated to the 1988 Float Agreement in the 1995 Float Agreement. In all the draft
agreements exchanged by the parties the CL-215 pilots were excluded Once the parties
reached an agreement on the terms of the proposed 1995 Float Agreement, the proposal was
forwarded by the Union to only the non-CL-215 pilots for ratification
The letters between Cameron Walker, the Chief Negotiator for the Union, on April 27, 1995 and
Rob Kennedy, the Chief Negotiator for the Employer, on May 25,1995 confirm that the Chief
Negotiators saw the negotiations on the terms and conditions of employment of the CL-215 and
the non CL-215s as separate matters
Therefore, when the events surrounding the negotiations are reviewed, the approach of both
parties was to separate the issues and the negotiations between the Ministry and the Union as
they related to the CL-215 pilots and the non-CL-215 pilots The exclusionary language
introduced by the Union reflected the separation of the two negotiations and the intention to
exclude the CL-215 pilots from the terms of the 1995 Float Agreement.
There was further evidence that the parties intended to exclude the CL-215 pilots from the 1995
Float Agreement. Jill Morgan, who was the Union's Chief negotiator in these negotiations until
1993, presented the initial exclusionary language in her proposed draft of an agreement in
1991 Jill Morgan testified that the language was so constructed to reflect the fact that the
negotiating process for the two groups of pilots was separate Jill Morgan testified with
12
reference to the exclusionary language she proposed in her draft agreement in February 1991,
"the purpose was to be clear as to whom we were negotiating on behalf of, and so it excluded
the pilots that were covered under the CL-215 agreement"
All future draft agreements proposed by the Union for the non-CL-215 pilots contained language
excluding the CL-215 pilots and ultimately exclusionary language formed part of the preamble to
the 1995 Float Agreement. Cameron Walker, who took over Jill Morgan's role as Chief Union
Negotiator, and carried on the balance of the negotiations, had the same view of his role and
supported the meaning of the exclusionary clause, as Jill Morgan had stated He testified that
the negotiations and the drafts of the agreements he was involved in was only to apply to the
non-CL-215 pilots In his view, the 1995 Float Agreement was not intended to apply to the CL-
215 pilots and not to affect them, except as providing a template for future negotiations The
purpose of the exclusion language was such that the 1991 Minute of Understanding was to
apply to the CL-215 pilots
This approach was echoed by Rob Kennedy in his letter to Cameron Walker on May 27, 1995 in
which he forwarded a proposed agreement which removed the CL-215 pilots from the 1995
Float Agreement. This letter was responding to Cameron Walker's letter to initiate discussions
for the CL-215 pilots and was proposing an agreement that would reflect the relationship of the
CL-215 pilots on a permanent agreement rather than relying on the 1991 Minute of Settlement.
Although there was a great deal of evidence supporting the intention of the parties to exclude
the CL-215 pilots from the 1995 Float Agreement, there was no evidence that demonstrated that
there was any intent by either party to include the CL-215 pilots within the scope of the 1995
Float Agreement. Over the four years that it took to negotiate the agreement, it was never
suggested by the Union that such agreement was to include or ought to include the CL-215
pilots On the contrary, the evidence from both parties, was, that the parties never discussed
the rights or ramifications of these negotiations on the CL-215 pilots
Finally, as the history of the negotiations established that the 1995 Float Agreement is not
ambiguous, that it accords with the plain language of the agreement, it is not necessary to apply
the contra proferentem rule However, even if it were to be applied, it would not assist the
Union, as the Union authored the original exclusionary language and must be said to have
protected its interests
Jill Morgan presented a draft agreement containing exclusionary language six days after the
Ministry and the Union executed the 1991 Minute of Understanding Union counsel submitted
13
that for the Ministry to rely on the Union's exclusionary language was tantamount to fraud, in the
context that the Ministry knew that the CL-215 pilots would not agree to remove themselves
permanently from the Float Agreement, being the 1988 Float Agreement which was in existence
at the time
As the parties were negotiating separately for each group of pilots, the agreement proposed by
the Union six days after the signing of the 1991 Minute of Understanding did not have the
significance asserted by the Union The draft agreement proposed by Jill Morgan was an
agreement proposed in the continuum of the negotiations with the non-CL-215 pilots
When the Union made its proposal, it knew the Ministry's position, that it wanted to separate the
CL-215 pilots from the other pilots, and therefore by including the exclusionary language, after
the acceptance of the 1991 Minute of Understanding, it was accepting the Ministry's position at
that point. Furthermore, it was not up to the Ministry to challenge the Union's intention and
language on this point. The Ministry is entitled to accept that the Union had its own objectives
and strategy, knew what it was doing in drafting language excluding the CL-215 pilots from its
coverage, and was drafting language consistent with those objectives and that strategy
As a result of the separation of the two groups of pilots in their negotiations and as a result of
the testimony of the witnesses, I interpret the exclusionary language as it appears on its face, to
deal only with the rights of the non-CL-215 pilots The language was a reflection of the current
status quo at the time and a reflection of the intention of the Ministry and the Union The CL-
215 pilots were governed by Schedule A and the Guidelines, pursuant to the 1991 Minute of
Settlement, and were to all apparent circumstances content with working on a compressed year
arrangement at that time They did not issue a notice to terminate the agreement until 2001
On the other hand, the non-CL-215 pilots were not content with their arrangement under the
1988 Float Agreement. The 1995 Float Agreement negotiations were conducted solely by and
focused only on non-CL-215 pilots and were for the benefit solely of those non- CL-215 pilots
The Union in drafting the preamble language set out the scope of the agreement, and defined
those which it covered and those which it did not.
In establishing that the intent of the parties was to exclude the CL-215 pilots, the Ministry was
able to discharge the burden of proof that the CL-215 pilots fit within the exemption
14
Finding With Respect to the Rights Obtained by the CL-215 Pilots
Under the 1991 Minute of Understanding
If the 1995 Float Agreement does not apply, then is it the 1988 Float Agreement which applies,
as argued by Union counsel, or is it the collective agreement, as argued by Ministry counsel
To answer this question it is necessary to look at the 1991 Minute of Understanding in the
context in which the language was drafted and the reasonableness of its meaning in light of its
consequences (British Columbia Government (supra))
The evidence presented demonstrated that from at least 1981, all pilots were never covered by
the collective agreement without modification or amendment. Special adaptations have always
been made for the pilots By the time the negotiations for the 1991 Minute of Settlement were
complete the 1988 Float Agreement had been in effect for two years As the 1988 Float
Agreement contained enhancements to the collective agreement and had been drafted to
address the needs of all the pilots, as negotiated by the Ministry and the Union, it would require
clear language in the 1991 Minute of Settlement to remove the benefits which were in place at
the time of the signing of this temporary agreement.
Furthermore, as the transfer of the CL-215 pilots was intended to be on a trial basis to see if it
was going to be a suitable arrangement, it would lead to an absurd result to interpret the 1991
Minute of Settlement as removing rights which had been negotiated for the pilots and replacing
those rights with the lesser rights under the collective agreement. Therefore, I find that the
default agreement was the 1988 Float Agreement.
The final issue is whether the 1995 Float Agreement supersedes the 1988 Float Agreement with
the effect that right to access the 1988 Float Agreement is taken away
Ministry counsel urged me to rely on the testimony of witnesses for both the Union and the
Ministry who testified that the 1995 Float Agreement superseded the 1988 Float Agreement,
and on Jill Morgan's testimony that in her view, the CL-215 pilots would not have access to the
1988 Float Agreement as it had been superseded by the 1995 Float Agreement.
As I have found that as a result of the exclusionary clause in the 1995 Float Agreement, the CL-
215 pilots were excluded from the 1995 Float Agreement, the 1995 Float Agreement can
therefore have no effect on the 1988 Float Agreement as it relates to the CL-215 pilots
Accordingly, the replacement of the 1988 Float Agreement by the 1995 Float Agreement is
applicable only for those whom it covered, the non-CL-215 pilots
15
To take away rights to support such a change in entitlement, disentitling the CL-215 pilots to the
advantages that they had gained in the 1988 Float Agreement, would require clear language in
the 1995 Float Agreement to that effect.
Therefore I find that upon the termination of the 1991 Minute of Understanding, the CL-215
pilots, although they are no longer Schedule A employees, are Schedule 6 employees, and are
under the collective agreement as amended by the 1988 Float Agreement.
I remain seised in the event there is any difficulty with the implementation of this decision As
agreed by the parties at the outset of the hearing, I am seised of outstanding grievances that
were put before me at the time but were kept in abeyance, subject to the effect of this decision
on those grievances
Dated at Toronto, this 18th day of January, 2005
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