HomeMy WebLinkAbout2002-1756.Lesieur et al.05-12-14 Decision
Crown Employees Commission de Nj
Grievance Settlement reglement des griefs
Board des employes de la
Couronne
~
Suite 600 Bureau 600 Ontario
180 Dundas Sl. West 180 rue Dundas Ouest
Toronto Ontario M5G 1Z8 Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8
Tel. (416) 326-1388 Tel. (416) 326-1388
Fax (416) 326-1396 Telec. (416) 326-1396
GSB# 2002-1756 2003-3511
UNION# 2002-0205-0042,2004-0257-0001
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontano PublIc ServIce Employees Umon
(LesIeur et al ) Union
- and -
The Crown In RIght of Ontano
(Mimstry of the EnvIronment) Employer
BEFORE FelIcIty D Bnggs Vice-Chair
FOR THE UNION GavIn Leeb
BarrIster and SOlICItor
FOR THE EMPLOYER Andrew Baker
Counsel
Mimstry of Government ServIces
HEARING January 30 2004 June 14 2004 and
July 27 2005
WRITTEN August 16 2005
SUBMISSIONS
2
DeCISIon
On November 22, 2001, Ms Janet O'Grady, DIrector of the Human Resources
Branch of the MInIstry of the EnvIronment, wrote to Mr James Connelly, one of
the gnevors In tlus matter the folloWIng, In part
In June 2000, the government proclaimed the ProfesslOnal Geosclentlsts Act
The Act and Its regulatIOns govern the practIce of professIOnal geoscIence In
Ontano It estabhshes the ASSOCiatIOn of ProfessIOnal geoscIentIsts, and
empowers the aSSOCiatIOn to estabhsh standards of professIOnal practIce for
persons who wIll be recogmzed as professIOnal geoscIentIsts
The Act defines the practIce of professIOnal geoscIence as
SectIOn 2( 1) - An IndIVIdual practIces professIOnal geoscIence when
he or she performs an actIvIty that reqUIres knowledge, understandIng
and apphcatIOn of the prIncIples of geoscIence and that concerns the
safeguardIng of the welfare of the pubhc or the safeguardIng of hfe,
health or property IncludIng the natural enVIronment
The MInIStry undertook a comprehensIve reVIew of our geoscIence posItIOns
agaInst the reqUIrements of the Act The result IS that the MInIstry has
IdentIfied your posItIOn of HydrogeologIst/Group Leader (RM4) wIth the
Water Resources SectIOn, West Central RegIOn as reqUInng the Incumbent
to possess the ProfessIOnal GeoscIentIst certIficatIOn AccordIngly, as a
condItIon of employment you are reqUIred to now obtaIn your certIficatIOn
as a ProfessIOnal GeoscIentIst Please submIt your apphcatIOn to the
ASSOCiatIOn of ProfessIOnal GeoscIentIsts of Ontano (APGO) no later than
December 31, 2001
Attached to thIS letter were a senes of QuestIOns and Answers for employees to
read. Included was the folloWIng
Q How was It decIded whIch posItIOns would be desIgnated and whIch not?
Why aren't all posItIOns beIng desIgnated?
A. DesIgnated management leads of each respectIve mInIstry were assIgned
to reVIew the reqUIrements of the legIslatIOn agaInst the Job functIOns and
accountabIhtIes of posItIOns ConsIstent WIth the government's
pohcy/practIce on credentIahsm, the desIgnatIOn IS only reqUIred for those
posItIOns that are clearly mandated to reqUIre such under the tenns of the
legIslatIOn
3
Q Who controls the desIgnatIOn process and cntena, entrance reqUIrements,
fees, ongOIng membershIp?
A. It IS the responsibIhty of each mInIstry to IdentIfy the posItIOns reqUInng
desIgnatIOn Under the Act's regulatIOns, the ASSOCiatIOn of ProfessIOnal
GeoscIentIsts of Ontano (APGO) has the authonty to set the cntena,
conduct eXamInatIOns and assessments, estabhsh fees, set and momtor
standards, etc
Q What If desIgnated staff don't want to become a certIfied professIOnal
GeoscIentIst?
A. For those posItIOns desIgnated by the Employer as now reqUInng the
professIOnal certIfi catI on, In accordance wIth the newly proclaimed
legIslatIOn and regulatIOns, the achIevement of tlus certIficatIOn IS a
condItIon of employment for thIS posItIOn The mInIstry has agreed to the
payment of InItIal costs for regIstratIOn
.Annual membershIp fees remaIn the accountabIhty of the employees
As set out In the above questIOns and answers, the folloWIng year the annual
membershIp fees were not reImbursed to employees The SIX gnevors, all of whom
are professIOnal geoscIentIsts, filed gnevances that alleged a breach of the
collectIve agreement as a result of theIr havIng to pay annual membershIp dues to
the ASSOCiatIOn of ProfessIOnal GeoscIentIsts of Ontano (hereInafter "APGO")
because the Employer has made membershIp In that orgamzatIOn mandatory It
was further alleged that management has "mIsused" ItS nghts
The Umon's posItIOn was set out In a letter provIded by ItS counsel to the
Employer folloWIng a request for partIculars It read as follows, In part
It IS the Umon's posItIOn that 1) the ProfesslOnal Geosclentlsts Act, 2000 IS
not apphcable to the Crown and therefore the gnevors are exempt from ItS
reqUIrements and 2) If the gnevors are reqUIred to be members of APGO
they quahfy for reImbursement of the professIOnal aSSOCiatIOn fees pursuant
to the apphcable Management Board Secretanat pohcy, namely because the
MInIstry denves a benefit
4
The Employer raised a prehmInary obJectIOn that the gnevances are InarbItrable
and tlus decIsIOn deals only wIth tlus matter
EMPLOYER SUBMISSIONS
It was the Employer's VIew that It properly detennIned that certaIn employees must
be members of APGO Further, It IS entIrely wIthIn theIr dIscretIOn as to whether to
pay the APGO dues and ItS failure to do so IS not a matter over whIch thIS Board
has JunsdIctIOn There IS no proVISIOn In the collectIve agreement that obhges the
MInIstry to pay these dues GIven the absence of any such prOVISIOn In the
collectIve agreement there IS not a dIfference between the partIes regardIng ItS
InterpretatIOn or admInIstratIOn and therefore the matter IS InarbItrable
In large measure, Mr Baker, for the Employer, rehed upon earher Board
Junsprudence to estabhsh the basIs for tlus argument In Re The Crown III Right
of Ontano (Ministry of Natural Resources) and OPSEU (Anderson) G S.B #
2183/02 Chair Stewart consIdered and determIned the IdentIcal Issue In that case,
after the ProfesslOnal Foresters Act 2000, was enacted, the Employer evaluated the
gnevor's posItIOn and notIfied hIm that "the Act IS apphcable to your posItIOn"
The Umon asserted that any dues OWIng as a result of that decIsIOn should be paid
by the Employer In denYIng the gnevance Chair Stewart said, at page 3
There are a number of bases upon whIch the Umon challenges the reJectIOn
of Mr Anderson's claim for reImbursement It IS argued that If profeSSIOnal
membershIp wIth associated costs IS a condItIon of employment, the
Employer IS compelled to assume those costs I am unable to accept tlus
submIssIOn The CollectIve Agreement sets out the terms and condItIons of
employment, IncludIng, In some Instances, reImbursement provIsIOns
Where there IS no specIfic provIsIOn In thIS regard such an obhgatIOn cannot,
as a general rule, be unposed by an arbItrator It IS also noted by Mr Barclay
that the Employer does reImburse Law SocIety fees for ItS employees who
engage In the practIce of law as employees of the OPS and thus that ItS
ratIOnale for demal of Mr Anderson's fees IS factually Incorrect As Ms
5
Demal pOInts out In her submIssIOns, however, there IS a specIfic provIsIOn
In the CollectIve Agreement between the Employer and ALOC, whIch
compels reImbursement AccordIngly, I am unable to accept thIS basIs upon
whIch the decIsIOn IS challenged as compelhng the conclusIOn that there IS a
reqUIrement to payor that there IS a fundamental flaw In the manner In
whIch the Employer has dealt wIth thIS matter Mr Barclay further argues
that membershIp In the ASSOCiatIOn IS properly vIewed as "beneficial to the
MInIStry" as contemplated by the pohcy referred to In that regard he
referred to the 2002-2003 MInIStry of Natural Resources BusIness Plan
whereIn ItS goals are outlIned and suggested that the standards embraced by
the OFP A could only enhance those goals He further noted that the
Employer's Interests In such professIOnal accredItatIOn were eVIdenced by
the mandatory statutory reqUIrement that It be obtaIned. Wlule the vahdIty of
Mr Barclay's submIssIOn In thIS regard IS apparent, we are deahng WIth a
sItuatIOn where the Employer has dIscretIOn whether or not to reImburse In
hIS reply submIssIOns Mr Barclay referred to MInIstry of TransportatIOn and
OPSEU (Kuyntles) 513/84 (Venty) In support of the proposItIOn that there
was not a proper exerCIse of dIscretIOn In thIS Instance and that "the MInIstry
ngIdly adhered to what they beheved Management Board pohcy to be" In
denYIng the request There IS no need to deal wIth the Employer's posItIOn
that thIS IS an argument whIch must be reJected on the basIs that It was raised
for the first tune In reply as It IS my VIew that tlus argument cannot succeed
on ItS ments The background facts are revIewed In the response to the
gnevance and Mr Anderson's basIc posItIOn IS outhned. I do not VIew the
response as a bhnd adherence to a mIsapprehended pohcy as Mr Barclay
has suggested In Ius submIssIOns Reference IS made to the Travel and
General Expenses GUIdehnes and whIle reference IS also made to what the
MInIstry "does not do" I VIew tlus as a reference to past practIce wItlun tlus
MInIStry , somethIng that wIll InevItably form the background for
consIderatIOn of a matter Wlule, as Mr Barclay emphasIzed, the mandatory
obhgatIOn for a Forester In Mr Anderson's posItIOn to be a member of the
OPF A was a matter of relatIvely recent hIStOry, and thus thIS aspect of the
matter that was wItlun the knowledge of the decIsIOn maker Indeed, tlus
matter was specIfically clanfied by Mr Anderson's supervIsor at the
meetIng and IS referenced In the decIsIOn The Issue IS whether a basIs upon
whIch the exerCIse of dIscretIOn In thIS Instance can be Impugned has been
Impugned. It IS my conclusIOn that such a basIs has not been estabhshed and,
accordIngly, the gnevance IS dIsmIssed
The Employer contended that thIS matter IS InarbItrable In order for thIS Board to
take JunsdIctIOn there must be some prOVISIOn In the collectIOn agreement other
6
than the management's nghts prOVISIOn that IS Said to be vIOlated In thIS regard the
Employer rehed upon Re Ministry of Labour and OPSEU (Anthony et all
GSB# 1999-1997 (Abram sky) whereIn It was stated at page 8
The problem IS that the Umon has not alleged any unfairness or
dISCnmInatIOn In regard to the Employer's actIOns In relatIOn to the gnevors
It has alleged Improper actIOn In relatIOn to two other IndIVIduals - Mr
Hughes and Ms McCourt - whIch It asserts resulted In an IneqUItable
sItuatIOn But for the Board to have JunsdIctIOn, an IneqUItable sItuatIOn IS
not enough In OPSEU (Ashley et al) and Mlnzstry of Communzty, Famzly
and Chzldren 's Servlces, supra at p 14-15, the Board held.
The decIsIOn In OPSEU (Bousquet), supra, does not assIst the Umon
The Board In that case dId not adopt a general duty of good faith and
reasonableness In the exerCIse of management nghts [U]nder
Bousquet, supra, the JunsdIctIOn of the Board to reVIew the
Employer's exerCIse of a nght reserved to management IS denvatIve -
It depends on the eXIstence of a prOVISIOn In the collectIve agreement
whIch mIght be adversely affected by management's nghts
The Board's JunsdIctIOn depends on an allegatIOn that the Employer's
actIOns Interfered wIth the grzevors' rzghts under the collectlve agreement
In tlus case, those elements are mISSIng There IS no allegatIOn that the
Employer Improperly demed the gnevor's a ment pay Increase - only that
the Employer Improperly granted It to Hughes and McCourt Nor IS there an
allegatIOn that the Employer's actIOns Impacted any nghts of the gnevors'
under the collectIve agreement
Mr Baker asserted that In Re The Crown III Right of Ontario (Ministry of
Community, Family and Children's Services and OPSEU (Ashley et al) VIce
Chair Abramsky undertook a helpful analysIs IncludIng the effect, If any of the
Weber V Ontario Hydro [1995] 2 S C.R. 929 (S C C) The Employer antIcIpated
that the Umon would rely upon thIS decIsIOn and contend that It has been
detennIned that boards of arbItratIOn have exclusIve JunsdIctIOn where a dIspute
expressly or InferentIally arIses out of the collectIve agreement In tlus regard, the
Employer submItted that thIS Board should specIfically consIder the comments of
VIce Chair Abramsky In Re Ashley (supra) whereIn she stated, at page 12
As noted above, for a dIspute to be arbItrable before tlus Board, It must
Involve a dIfference between the partIes "an SIng from the InterpretatIOn,
7
apphcatIOn, admInIstratIOn or alleged contraventIOn of the [collectIve]
agreement" Under the analysIs set forth In Weber v OntarlO Hydro, supra,
an arbItrator has exclusIve JunsdIctIOn when the dIspute, In ItS essentIal
character, anses from the InterpretatIOn, apphcatIOn, admInIstratIOn or
vIOlatIOn of the collectIve agreement
As cIted In London Life Company, supra at para 21, the Supreme Court of
Canada elaborated on the Weber approach to determInIng arbItrabIhty In
Regzna Po/zce Assn Inc v Regzna (Clty) Board of Po/zce CommlsslOners,
2000 SCC 13, 183 D.L.R. (4th) 14, at para 25
To determIne whether a dIspute anses out of the collectIve agreement,
we must therefore consIder two elements the nature of the dIspute
and the ambIt of the collectIve agreement In consIdenng the nature of
the dIspute, the goal IS to detennIne ItS essentIal character ThIS
determInatIOn must proceed on the basIs of the facts surroundIng the
dIspute between the partIes, and not on the basIs of how the legal
Issues may be framed. see Weber, supra, at para. 43 SImply, the
decIsIOn-maker must determIne whether, havIng examIned the factual
context of the dIspute, ItS essentIal character concerns a subJect -matter
that IS covered by the collectIve agreement Upon determInIng the
essentIal character of the dIspute, the decIsIOn-maker must examIne
the prOVISIOns of the collectIve agreement to determIne whether It
completes such factual sItuatIOns It IS clear that the collectIve
agreement need not provIde for the subJect-matter of the dIspute
exphcItly If the essentIal character of the dIspute anses eIther
exphcItly or ImphcItly, from the InterpretatIOn, apphcatIOns,
admInIstratIOn or vIOlatIOn of the collectIve agreement, the dIspute IS
WIthIn the sole JunsdIctIOn of an arbItrator to decIde
VIce Chair Abramsky went on at page 14 to say
Nevertheless, the board also concluded that the employer dId not have
"carte blanche to do what It wIshes under the purported exerCIse of an
exclusIve management functIOn wIth respect to traInIng and development"
(p 58) Instead, the Board had the nght to reVIew the employer's exerCIse of
ItS dIscretIOn for good faith and reasonableness because developmental
opportumtIes Impacted an employee's abIhty to compete In Job competItIOns
under ArtIcle 4 of the collectIve agreement The Board held at p 35 "[T]he
sIgmficant fact reqUIred to place a hmItatIOn on the unfettered exerCIse of a
management nght IS the eXIstence of a prOVISIOn In the collectIve agreement
whIch would eIther be negated or unduly hmIted by a partIcular apphcatIOn
8
of such nght" Consequently, under Bousquet, supra, the JunsdIctIOn of the
board to reVIew the Employer's exerCIse of a nght reserved to management
IS denvatIve - It depends on the eXIstence of a prOVISIOn In the collectIve
agreement whIch mIght be adversely affected by management's actIOn
In Bousquet, supra, the Board determIned that there IS no general
reqUIrement of good faith and reasonableness In the exerCIse of nghts
reserved to management, unless It Impacts a nght contaIned In the collectIve
agreement
The maJonty of the factual Issues as they apply to JunsdIctIOn have been
prevIOusly consIdered, Mr Baker claimed. An extremely sImIlar fact sItuatIOn was
contemplated by VIce Chair Gray In Re The Crown III Right of Ontano and
OPSEU (Cherwonogrodzky et al) (Apnl 14, 2004), GSB#2002-0994 In that
decIsIOn the gnevors alleged a vIOlatIOn of the collectIve agreement because the
Employer faIled to reImburse tax audItors for theIr membershIp In vanous
professIOnal aSSOCiatIOns The umon asserted In that matter that "the employer has
breached an Imphed obhgatIOn to exerCIse management's nghts In a manner that IS
reasonable and not arbItrary, dISCnmInatory or In bad faith" VIce Chair Gray
faIled to take JunsdIctIOn of the matter and found that the Umon faIled to allege a
vIOlatIOn of the collectIve agreement and faIled to Impugn the Employer's actIOns
such that there was an adverse Impact upon a proVIsIOn of the collectIve
agreement It was stated at page 16
The umon argues that the board has JunsdIctIOn to reVIew the exerCIse of
dIscretIOn complaIned about here because If the employer had exercIsed ItS
dIscretIOn dIfferently - by reImbursIng the dues of some employees - that
could have been charactenzed as Interference wIth the compensatIOn
prOVISIOns of the collectIve agreement
For the purposes of analysIs I wIll accept that If the employer were to
reImburse some employees' membershIps dues for the avowed purpose of
unprovIng theIr compensatIOn, or If one could Infer from the CIrcumstances
that that was the predomInant purpose (as where, for example, It was
eVIdence that the reImbursement gave the employer no benefit other than the
gratItude of the recIpIents), the reImbursement could constItute a breach of
the prOVISIOns that the partIes have negotIated wIth respect to the allocatIOn
of compensatIOn among bargaInIng umt employees On that VIew, If the
9
umon were to gneve that the employer should not have reImbursed dues
because Its dOIng so was InCOnsIstent WIth the compensatIOn prOVISIOns of
the agreement, the Board mIght then have to enqUIre Into the reasons for
reunbursement
It does not follow that the Board has JunsdIctIOn on that basIs to reVIew
these decIsIOns not to reImburse dues, partIcularly dues of a sort that have
never before been reImbursed Such a decIsIOn cannot be charactenzed as
InCOnsIstent WIth compensatIOn provIsIOn whIch make no prOVISIOn for
reImbursement That IS not to say that a decIsIOn not to reImburse could
never be the subJect of a gnevance It could If, for example, If It was alleged
that the decIsIOn amounted to dISCnmInatIOn on a basIs prohibIted by ArtIcle
3 of the collectIve agreement or by the OntarlO Human Rlghts Code That IS
not alleged here The actual exerCIse of reserved managenal nghts
complaIned of In these gnevances does not Interfere wIth the compensatIOn
prOVISIOns of the collectIve agreement
In short, there IS no proVISIOn of the collectIve agreement that the employer
IS alleged to have breached by refusIng to reImburse the gnevors'
professIOnal dues, and no prOVISIOn of the collectIve agreement capable of
beIng adversely Impacted by that exerCIse of management's dIscretIOn
AccordIngly, I agree wIth the employer that ItS decISIOn not to reImburse the
gnevors' dues In professIOnal accounts' orgamzatIOns IS not subJect to
reVIew by tlus Board for reasonableness
The Employer submItted that for tlus Board to entertaIn tlus gnevance would cause
senous ramIficatIOns Members of the bargaInIng umt who were unhappy wIth any
Issue that arose from hIS or her employment would take the Board's valuable tIme
heanng and detennInIng these matters Such a decIsIOn would be wrong, In the
Employer's submIssIOn
UNION SUBMISSIONS
Mr Leeb, for the Umon, suggested that there can be no doubt from the questIOn
and answer document that It was the Employer who had mandated membershIp In
the APGO That IS to say It IS not the AssocIatIOn that has detennIned these
employees should be members It IS the Umon's posItIOn that the Employer erred
10
when It promulgated thIS rule and estabhshed It as a condItIon of employment ThIS
Board has the JunsdIctIOn to detennIne that matter gIven the sIgmficant financial
unphcatIOns the rule has upon the gnevors Further, the Board has JunsdIctIOn to
hear and decIde the Issue because membershIp In the AssocIatIOn bnngs dutIes and
obhgatIOns upon the gnevors such as dISCIplInary actIOn wIth ramIficatIOns beyond
employment wIth tlus Mimstry At the very least, tlus must be seen to be an
Inappropnate exerCIse of management's nghts
The Umon took Issue WIth the Employer's contentIOn that there must be some
alleged vIOlatIOn of the collectIve agreement In order for thIS Board to take
JunsdIctIOn The Junsprudence stands for the proposItIOn that once a vahd busIness
obJectIve IS estabhshed by an Employer It IS revIewable It has been decIded that
management's nghts cannot Impose constraInts upon employees unless It IS done
In pursUIt of a legItImate busIness obJectIve In tlus regard the Umon rehed upon
Re The Crown In Right of Ontario (Ministry of CorrectIOnal Services) and
OPSEU (Anderson) (October 1, 1991), GSB#3005/90 (Watters) VIce Chair
Watters said at page 8
ThIS Board cannot Isolate any sound reason for refusIng to extend thIS lOgIC
to the present collectIve agreement governIng the relatIOnslup between these
partIes Indeed, an analogous approach was taken In Bay/zs The Board there
detennIned that "even In the absence of any specIfic language In the
agreement, It IS ImphcIt In the collectIve agreement that management wIll
admInIster the collectIve agreement In good faith" (page 3) WhIle the
Employer's good faith was not challenged In these proceedIngs, we tlunk
that the same Inference should be made In respect of the notIon of
reasonableness
.In the absence of an explanatIOn as to why there was a change In the
status quo, we are prepared to hold that the Employer acted unreasonably
The second argument put forward by the Umon was made In the alternatIve If the
employer IS correct and It can obhge ItS employees to become members of APGO,
ItS decIsIOn to not reImburse the membershIp momes paid by the gnevors IS a
11
vIOlatIOn of Its own pohcy regardIng membershIp fees and thIS decIsIOn IS subJect
to reVIew The relevant portIOn of the pohcy states
Payment of membershIp fees may be authonzed when membershIp In an
orgamzatIOn IS beneficial to the mInIstry, or when reqUIred, under the
prOVISIOns of the collectIve agreement
AccordIng to ArtIcle 2 of the collectIve agreement, the Employer IS obhged to
make reasonable rules and regulatIOns and tlus Instance the Employer has
promulgated a rule that the gnevors must be members of APGO and that nlle IS
unreasonable In tlus regard the Umon referred to Cherwonogrodzky, supra
Unhke the matter at hand, current membershIp In a professIOnal assocIatIOn was
not a condItIon of employment WhIle It was conceded that the Board faIled to take
JunsdIctIOn In that Instance, VIce Chair Gray dId state, at page 10
It IS dIfficult to ImagIne that by agreeIng that "nlles and regulatIOns" would
be reasonable the employer Intended or the umon beheved that any decIsIOn
of general apphcatIOn that the employer mIght announce concernIng how It
would thereafter manage ItS operatIOns would be exposed to arbItral reVIew
for reasonableness
The Cherwonogrodzky matter IS dIstIngUIshable In the Umon's VIew In that case
there was no Employer reqUIrement that employees become members of theIr
professIOnal aSSOCiatIOn VIce Chair Gray said that In the specIfic cIrcumstances of
the matter before hIm It was not unreasonable for the Employer to elect to not
reImburse the costs of aSSOCiatIOn membershIp Further, VIce Chair Gray was not
asked to consIder the Issue of general powers of reVIew He was merely asked to
determIne whether the pohcy was reasonable, not whether It was apphed In good
faith or arbItrarIly apphed. The gnevors In the Instant matter have been mandated
to belong to APGO In any event, even If I feel bound by VIce Chair Gray's
decIsIOn In thIS matter thIS Board should consIder new arguments The Issue of
whether management's pohcIes are subsumed wIthIn management's nghts was not
12
consIdered In the Cherwonogrodzky decIsIOn In thIS regard the Umon rehed
upon Re The Queen III right of Ontario and Ontario Public Service
Employees' UnIOn et al. (1984),42 O.R. (2d) 361 [DIvIsIOnal Court] whereIn It
was Said at page 365
It seems to us that from a rather comphcated senes of documents the
gnevance settlement board has dIscerned a consIstent pohcy and has
Interpreted the language of the agreement wIth reference to the management
manual In art 22, management has undertaken to pay mIleage allowance,
but that artIcle gIves no IndIcatIOn of a fonnula by whIch allowance IS to be
calculated. In carrYIng out ItS nght to manage, management has Issued the
manual whIch does contaIn such IndIcatIOn and It has acted upon It by
changIng the gnevor's desIgnated headquarters In so dOIng, It has Ignored
the undertakIng that the headquarters IS to be penodIcally revIewed to
determIne "whether or not the ongInal arrangement contInues to be eqUItable
to both the employee and the MInIStry" The ObVIOUS unphcatIOn IS that any
headquarters so desIgnated IS to be eqUItable to both partIes
There IS much Junsprudence, asserted the Umon, standIng for the proposItIOn that
Employer pohcIes are a mamfestatIOn of theIr nghts and therefore subJect to
arbItral reVIew In thIS regard the Board was dIrected to Re The Crown In Right
of Ontario (Ministry of CorrectIOnal Services) and OPSEU (Andersen et at)
(November 12, 2002), GSB#1093/01 whereIn It was Said by VIce Chair Brown, at
page 6
Counsel for the employer rehes upon Abbott Laboratorzes Ltd. And Retazl,
Wholesale Canada (1998), 74 L.A C (4th) 331 (R.M. Brown) where I
commented on the meamng of the phrase "expressly or InferentIally" In
Weber
[T]he Supreme Court said the JunsdIctIOn of an arbItrator
encompasses dIsputes ansIng from the express or lmp/zed terms of a
collectIve agreement That IS how the Court's reference to "expressly
or InferentIally" was Interpreted by Mr Hope In ( 'anada
Safeway I agree wIth Ius InterpretatIOn (page 347, emphasIs
added)
ThIS understandIng of Weber subsequently was adopted by the Supreme
Court of Canada as well by the Ontano Court of Appeal Mr JustIce
13
Bastarache spoke for the Supreme Court In Board of CommlSSlOners of the
Clty of Regzna v Regzna Po/zce AssoczatlOn Inc, [2000] 1 S C.R. 360
SImply, the decIsIon-maker must detennIne whether, havIng
examIned the factual context of the dIspute, ItS essentIal character
concerns a subJect matter that IS covered by the collectlve agreement
It IS clear that the collectIve agreement need not provIde for the
subJect matter of the dIspute exphcItly If the essentIal character of the
dIspute anses elther exp/zcltly or lmp/zcltly, from the InterpretatIOn,
apphcatIOn admInIstratIOn or vIOlatIOn of the collectIve agreement, the
dIspute IS wItlun the sole JunsdIctIOn of an arbItrator to decIde
The Umon said that It IS Important for tlus Board to appreciate that new Issues
and/or arguments are beIng raised In thIS matter As mentIOned above, vanous
Issues at hand were not consIdered by VIce Chair Gray or others In prevIOUS
decIsIOns Issued by the Gnevance Settlement Board. When there IS a change In
consIderatIOns a fresh look should be taken AccordIng to Re The Crown III
Right of Ontario (Ministry of CorrectIOnal Services) and OPSEU (Cleveland)
(October 6, 1993), GSB#2350/92, VIce Chair Stewart (as she then was) accepted
that the Board was unable to accept an early detennIned prIncIple because SInce the
Issuance of an earher decIsIOn language In the collectIve agreement had changed.
In the matter at hand the Umon takes the posItIOn that the Employer Improperly
Interpreted and apphed the ProfesslOnal Geosclentlsts Act when It detennIned that
the gnevors hold posItIOns that reqUIre Incumbents to possess the ProfessIOnal
GeoscIentIst certIficatIOn In Re The Crown III Right of Ontario (Fleetwood
Ambulance Services) (September 18, 1997), GSB#1013/96, VIce Chair Stewart
(as she then was) found that the Employer had erred when It determIned that the
French Lan!<ua!<e Servlces Act apphed to ItS operatIOns "notwIthstandIng the fact
that It has not been desIgnated by regulatIOn as a government agency as
contemplated by the prOVISIOns of the Act" In upholdIng the gnevance, she went
on to find that the Employer dId not estabhsh a "reasonable relatIOnshIp between
the reqUIrements of the posItIOn and facIhty In the French language" In tlus matter,
14
the Board should determIne whether the Employer properly apphed the
ProfesslOnal Geosclentlsts Act and If It dId not, the gnevors should not be subJect
to the Act's constraInts Indeed, for tlus purpose It can be said that the Act IS an
employment statute and therefore thIS Board properly has the JunsdIctIOn to
Interpret and apply the prOVISIOns as estabhshed In Re The Crown In Right of
Ontario (Ministry of Health) & OPSEU (1996), 61 L.A.C (4th) 284 (Mikus)
When employees' nghts are Interfered wIth then a statute can be said to the
employment statute That IS partIcularly the case In the Instant matter because there
eXIsts potentIal for employment consequences If the gnevors fall out of favour wIth
the nlles and regulatIOns of the aSSOCiatIOn VIce Chair Mikus stated at page 286 of
her decIsIOn
The amendments to the Labour RelatlOns Act were Intended to gIve
arbItrators and arbItratIOn boards broad powers to deal wIth the Issues before
It/them It expressly allows them to Interpret and apply employment-related
statutes to aVOId multIphcIty of heanngs, InCOnsIstent decIsIOns, expense and
delay Wlule the ElectlOn Act IS not stnctly speakIng an employment-related
statute, to the extent that the employer apphes that Act In such a way that
nghts under a collectIve agreement are affected, an arbItrator has the
obhgatIOn to Interpret that Act and apply It In such a way that any conflIct
between It and the collectIve agreement are resolved In a final and bIndIng
manner
In thIS case, the Employer scheduled the gnevors' three-hour votIng penod
to Include theIr lunch penod. The hours of work In the collectIve agreement
provIde for an unpaid lunch penod dunng the shIft It IS WIthIn my
JunsdIctIOn to detennIne, on the facts of tlus case, whether the Employer
properly apphed the ElectlOn Act when he Included a one-hour unpaid lunch
penod In the three-hour votIng penod.
The Umon further suggested an appropnate consIderatIOn for tlus Board In the
determInatIOn of ItS JunsdIctIOn IS the Junspnldence that contemplates the Issue of
surveIllance It IS tnte to note that most collectIve agreements do not Include a
prOVISIOn that sets out management's nghts In tlus regard. And yet many
employers take the posItIOn that they are entItled to Implement surveIllance on
employees In thIS regard the Umon rehed upon Re Centre for AddictIOn and
15
Mental Health and OPSEU (2004), 131 L.A.C (4th) 97 (Nairn) and Re SecurIcor
Cash Services and Teamsters, Local 419 (February 6, 2004), unreported
(WhItaker) whereIn It was stated at paragraphs 48 and 49
There IS no questIOn that arbItrators have for decades subJected these types
of employer InqUInes to a reasonableness test ThIS IS done on the theory
that where a collectIve agreement IS sIlent, an employer IS generally
eXerCISIng ItS management nghts by makIng InqUInes of employees that are
necessary for the carryIng on of busIness
The theory then IS that It IS part of management's resIdual nghts under
the collectIve agreement to undertake InvestIgatIOns that mIght ImpInge on
the pnvacy of employees If such InvestIgatIOns are reasonable In the
CIrcumstances In tlus way It can be said that the test of reasonableness anses
from the collectIve agreement Itself The test of reasonableness IS an ImphcIt
term of the agreement The other sIde of the unphcIt tenn however IS that
unreasonable InvestIgatIOns that trench on the pnvacy of employees are
contrary to the collectIve agreement
The Umon asserted that IrrespectIve of whether the collectIve agreement IS sIlent,
where management Intrudes on the nghts of employees, those actIOns must be
subJect to arbItral reVIew In thIS matter the consequences of the Employer's
detennInatIOn that the ProfesslOnal Geosclentlsts Act apphes are sIgmficant such
as the payment of dues and beIng subJect to the ASSOCiatIOns nlles There can be no
doubt thIS Board has JunsdIctIOn
In reply, Mr Baker noted that at no pOInt In the Umon's submIssIOns was there
mentIOn of a specIfic provIsIOn In the collectIve agreement that has been vIOlated.
Each of the cases provIded by the Umon whereIn the Board accepted JunsdIctIOn
there was an allegatIOn of a vIOlatIOn of a specIfic provIsIOn In the collectIve
agreement such as unJust cause for dIsmIssal, mIleage allowance or, as In the
decIsIOn from VIce Chair Mikus, hours of work In tlus matter, reference has been
made only to ArtIcle 2 of the collectIve agreement and there IS no nexus to any
breach of any other prOVISIOn Further, It was asserted that the decIsIOn of VIce
Chair Gray was precIsely on pOInt It IS not relevant that Ius decIsIOn does not
16
contemplate a sItuatIOn where management obhged employees to be members of a
professIOnal assocIatIOn Any factual dIfferences between that case and the Instant
matter are not detennInatIve when consIdenng the Issue of JunsdIctIOn Indeed,
there are at least three prevIOUS decIsIOns that make clear there must be a vIOlatIOn
of some artIcle other than management's nghts for tlus Board to take JunsdIctIOn
DECISION
As stated from the outset, the Umon's posItIOn IS twofold. FIrst, the Employer's
decIsIOn to obhge the gnevors to become members of and pay dues to APGO was
a mIsapphcatIOn of the Act and constItutes a vIOlatIOn of the collectIve agreement
because It has sIgmficant Impact on the gnevors' compensatIOns and theIr terms of
employment Second, If the gnevors are reqUIred to be members the Employer
must pay for the fees because It has denved a benefit
After much consIderatIOn I am of the VIew that the Employer's prelunInary
obJectIOn must be upheld. AccordIngly to the Crown Emvlovees' Collectlve
Bar2aznzn2 Act, In order for thIS Board to take JunsdIctIOn of a matter there must
eXIst a dIspute between the partIes that constItutes a dIfference between them
"nsIng from the InterpretatIOn, apphcatIOn, admInIstratIOn or alleged contraventIOn
of the [collectIve] agreement" In my VIew, In thIS matter there IS no dIspute that
anses from the collectIve agreement The Umon contended that the Management's
RIghts provIsIOn has been vIOlated and the gnevances suggest that the Employer
"mIsused" ItS nghts I thInk not As set out In Re Bousquet (supra), a restnctIOn
of the "unfettered exerCIse of a management nght" would reqUIre the negatIOn or
undue lunItatIOn of the apphcatIOn of a specIfic provIsIOn In the collectIve
agreement There IS no proVIsIOn In the collectIve agreement that has been negated
or unduly hmIted. WhIle the Umon mIght suggest that the compensatIOn prOVISIOns
are affected, tlus Board has been prevIOusly detennIned that there IS no vIOlatIOn of
17
the compensatIOn prOVISIOns when employees are reqUIred to pay dues to
professIOnal aSSOCiatIOns
The Supreme Court set out the appropnate approach In determInIng arbItrabIhty
after Weber (supra) In Regma Police (supra) It was said that there are two
elements to consIder The first IS the nature of the dIspute and the second IS the
ambIt of the collectIve agreement It was stated that the nature of the dIspute IS
made by determInIng the essentIal character based on the facts and not on the basIs
of how the legal Issues are framed. SImply put, does the essentIal character of the
dIspute concern a subJect matter covered by the collectIve agreement Once the
essentIal character of the dIspute IS IdentIfied an eXamInatIOn of the prOVISIOns of
the collectIve agreement must be undertaken to detennIne whether It takes Into
account such factual sItuatIOns It was Said "If the essentIal character of the dIspute
anses eIther exphcItly, or ImphcItly, from the InterpretatIOn, apphcatIOn,
admInIstratIOn or vIOlatIOn of the collectIve agreement, the dIspute IS wItlun the
sole JunsdIctIOn of an arbItrator to decIde"
In the matter at hand the essentIal character of the dIspute IS Involves whether the
Employer can Impose, as a condItIon of employment, professIOnal aSSOCiatIOn
membershIp and whether It IS obhged to pay dues floWIng from membershIp The
Umon also raised whether the Employer mIsapphed the ProfesslOnal Geosclentlsts
Act In detennInIng that the gnevors held posItIOns that reqUIre ASSOCiatIOn
membershIp In my VIew, nothIng In thIS dIspute "anses eIther exphcItly, or
ImphcItly, from the InterpretatIOn, apphcatIOn, admInIstratIOn or vIOlatIOn of the
collectIve agreement" Wlule It mIght be the case that the Umon would frame ItS
legal argument In a somewhat dIfferent manner In thIS fact sItuatIOn from earher
cases, the essentIal nature of thIS dIspute IS not arbItrable
18
The matter of JunsdIctIOn has been the subJect of many prevIOUS Board decIsIOns
In Anthony et aI, supra, VIce Chair Abramsky stated sImply how tlus Board
obtaIns JunsdIctIOn of a matter She said.
The decIsIOn In OPSEU (Bousquet), supra, does not assIst the Umon The
Board In that case dId not adopt a general duty of good faith and
reasonableness In the exerCIse of management nghts [U]nder Bousquet,
supra, the JunsdIctIOn of the Board to reVIew the Employer's exerCIse of a
nght reserved to management IS denvatIve - It depends on the eXIstence of a
prOVISIOn In the collectIve agreement whIch mIght be adversely affected by
management's nghts
That SUCCInctly stated prIncIple has been consIstently apphed by thIS Board. There
IS nothIng In the Instant matter that would cause me to stray from that prIncIple or
find that It does not apply
Both partIes rehed upon Cherwonogrodzky (supra) As mentIOned earher, the
Umon asserted that the collectIve agreement has been vIOlated because the gnevors
are Impacted In theIr compensatIOn and employment condItIons ThIS matter was
addressed by VIce Chair Gray and he found that the pohcy statement (whIch IS
vIrtually IdentIcal to that before me) IS "not sometlung that ArtIcle 2 1 expressly
reqUIres to be reasonable" He found that the dIscretIOn unphcIt In the pohcy
statement was "not one conferred by a prOVISIOn of the collectIve agreement" It
was a "dIscretIOn conferred by one level of management upon another, concernIng
a matter on whIch the collectIve agreement IS entIrely sIlent" He also found that a
decIsIOn not to reImburse for payment of dues "cannot be charactenzed as
InCOnsIstent WIth compensatIon provIsIOn whIch make no prOVISIOn for
reImbursement" I accept that there are some factual dIfferences In that case to the
matter before me However, I am of the VIew that VIce Chair Gray's findIng that
the Board was wIthout JunsdIctIOn because there IS "no proVIsIOn of the collectIve
agreement capable of beIng adversely Impacted by that exerCIse of management's
19
dIscretIOn", must lead me to the same result The factual dIfferences are not
sufficIent or of the sort that would have me find that I have the JunsdIctIOn to hear
tlus matter
The Issue of Employer unposed mandatory membershIp has been consIdered by
tlus Board In Anderson, (supra) the partIes put facts and submIssIOns regardIng
prehmInary obJectIOns as well as the ments before the Chair In her decIsIOn, Chair
Stewart dIsmIssed the gnevance and In dOIng so she reJected the Umon's assertIOn
that If professIOnal membershIp wIth associated costs was a condItIon of
employment, the Employer IS compelled to assume those costs She specIfically
found that there was "no specIfic provIsIOn In thIS regard" and that an arbItrator
could not, as a general rule, Impose such an obhgatIOn
For all of these reasons, the Employer's prehmInary obJectIOn IS upheld and the
gnevance IS dIsmIssed
Dated thIS 14th day of December, 2005