HomeMy WebLinkAbout2002-2394.Grant.04-01-19 Decision
Crown Employees Commission de ~~
Grievance Settlement reglement des griefs
Board des employes de la
Couronne
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GSB# 2002-2394
UNION# 2002-0121-0012
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontano PublIc ServIce Employees Umon
(Grant) Grievor
- and -
The Crown In RIght of Ontano
(Mimstry of FInance) Employer
BEFORE N DIssanayake Vice-Chair
FOR THE UNION CarolIne V Jones
PalIare Roland Rosenberg RothensteIn LLP
BarrIsters and SOlICItorS
FOR THE EMPLOYER Lucy McSweeney
Counsel
Management Board Secretanat
HEARING November 10 2003 and January 6 2004
2
PRELIMINARY DECISION
A grlevance dated November 25, 2002 filed by Mr Donald
Grant came before the Board for mediation arbitration
Following unsuccessful mediation attempts, the arbitration was
commenced
For purposes of this preliminary issue only, the parties
presented to the Board the following background facts and made
submissions on that basis The grlevor commenced employment
with the employer In March of 1977 as a Property Assessor In
1998 the Ontario Government decided to divest certain aspects of
the Ministry of Finance including the Property Assessment
Division effective December 31, 1998 to the Ontario Property
Assessment Corporation ("OPAC") , now legislatively re-named as
the Municipal Property Assessment Corporation There lS no
dispute that at the time of the divestment, the grlevor was on
LTIP having been deemed to be totally disabled
The divestment triggered the "reasonable efforts"
provlslons of the collective agreement A Memorandum of
Understanding was entered into between the employer and the new
employer OPAC on or about December 15, 1998 In the meantime,
the employer and the unlon had several meetings with regard to
3
reasonable efforts, culminating In a Memorandum of Understanding
dated December 21, 1998
The relevant portion of that Memorandum reads
It lS understood that when the Ontario Property
Assessment Corporation (OPAC) assumes
responsibility for the delivery of property
assessment functions on December 31, 1998,
there may be certain OPSEU represented
employees of the Property Assessment Division
absent from work because of illness,
disability or leave
It lS agreed that
1 These employees will not commence employment
with OPAC until the termination of their leave
or until they are medically fit to return to
work
2 Until that time, they will remain employees of
the Crown
3 When they are able to return to work or at the
termination of their leave, they will commence
employment with OPAC under the terms of
employment In effect at that time at OPAC for
employees of their class
4 The Ministry of Finance will not be required
to evaluate positions occupied by these
individuals
5 Any lncrease comlng into affect [s~c] during
this extended period of employment by the
Crown will be applied to any pay received from
the Crown [ It lS noted that LTIP lS not
affected by salary adjustments]
6 There lS no requirement for the Ministry of
Finance or the Employer to attempt to
negotiate adjustments with OPAC and it lS
understood that OPAC's commitment to pay 100
of salaries refers to salaries In effect on
December 30, 1998
4
It lS agreed that In his particular circumstances, the
foregoing MOD applied to the grlevor In his grlevance the
grlevor claims, inter alia, that when sometime In 2002 he
indicated his medical fitness to return to work, para 3 of the
MOD obliged the employer to offer him a position with OPAC
The employer contends that para 3 of the MOD lS
patently ambiguous In relation to the meanlng of the words
"under the terms of employment In effect at that time at OPACff
In addition, the employer claims that there lS a latent
ambiguity In the provlslon On that basis the employer sought
to adduce extrinsic evidence with regard to interaction between
the employer and the unlon which preceded the execution of the
MOD The employer contends that this evidence will establish
that the parties intended to place a limit of one year (from
the date of divestment) on the right of employees returning
from LTIP to employment with OPAC Moreover, the employer
claims that the same extrinsic evidence will establish that the
unlon made representations agreelng to a one year time limit,
which now estops the unlon from asserting otherwise The Board
lS called upon to determine In this decision whether or not it
should allow the proposed extrinsic evidence
5
Patent ambiguity lS ambiguity on the face of the
document to be interpreted Therefore, by its very nature, one
can decide whether or not a patent ambiguity exists by
examlnlng the document itself An examination of the MOU,
particularly para 3, does not disclose any ambiguity In the
language It clearly states that "when they are able to
return" , they will commence employment with OPAC etc It does
not qualify the "when" with any time limitation Therefore I
do not find any patent ambiguity that needs to be resolved with
the assistance of extrinsic evidence
Turning next to the lssues of latent ambiguity and
estoppel, it lS the extrinsic evidence itself that discloses
the presence of a latent ambiguity or estoppel A latent
ambiguity lS an ambiguity, not on the face of the document, but
In its application to a particular set of facts Extrinsic
evidence can disclose a latent ambiguity In what otherwise
appears to be a clear provlslon It lS now well established
that an arbitrator may admit extrinsic evidence to disclose as
well as to resolve a latent ambiguity In a collective
agreement See, R v Barber (1968 ) 2 o R 245 (Ont C A ) and
-
Leitch Gold Mines Ltd v Texas Gulf Sulphur Co
(Incorporated) , ( 1969) 1 o R 469 (Ont H C J )
In Re Pal Iota 1185/00, I observed as follows
6
In contrast to a case of a patent ambiguity, it lS
often the case that it lS the extrinsic evidence
itself that creates or discloses a latent ambiguity
Besides, the employer has also raised an estoppel
argument on the basis of representations allegedly
made by the unlon through acqulescence In past
practice or by conduct during negotiations It lS not
possible to determine the estoppel lssue without
hearing the evidence that the employer claims created
the estoppel In a recent decision In Re Greater
Niagara Transit Commission, award dated April 3, 2001
(Dissnayake) unreported, at pp 5- 6, I made the
following observation relating to latent ambiguity
While there lS no unanimity on the lssue, the
jurisprudence indicates that the majority of
arbitrators recelve extrinsic evidence before
determining whether or not a latent ambiguity
exists as would justify its admission This lS not
surprlslng, because as the courts have held, one of
the purposes for which extrinsic evidence may be
tendered lS to disclose a latent ambiguity Thus,
Brown and Beatty, Canadian Labour Arbitration,
(supra) at 3-72 summarlzes as follows
Many arbitrators have concluded that extrinsic
evidence should be received and that the ruling
as to admissibility should be reserved or that
the evidence should be received and the board of
arbitration reserve to itself the right to
determine what, if any, of the extrinsic evidence
would be used to assist In the interpretation of
the sections In dispute This lS particularly
true where the alleged ambiguity lS latent, and
extrinsic evidence lS tendered to disclose as
well as to resolve it Other arbitrators,
however, have refused to hear the extrinsic
evidence until they have decided whether there lS
an ambiguity A middle course pursued by another
arbitrator involves hearing the evidence until it
becomes clear that it lS appropriate to rule on
the question of ambiguity
(emphasis added)
It lS the employer's position that the same extrinsic
evidence that will disclose a latent ambiguity will establish an
7
estoppel against the unlon Again, by its very nature, it lS
the extrinsic evidence that creates the estoppel The union's
submissions and authorities, for most part, dealt with whether
or not the proposed evidence discloses a latent ambiguity or
establishes an estoppel Citing several authorities unlon
counsel submitted that estoppel cannot legally arlse because the
evidence will show that there was no pre-existing prOVlSlon
which was the subject of any representation by the unlon In
circumstances where the proposed extrinsic evidence lS so
extensive as to involve multiple hearing days, the Board has not
allowed such evidence merely because a party claims "a latent
ambiguity" or "an estoppel" It has held that it "must be
satisfied that there lS some cogent evidence, which if
established, has the potential of establishing a latent
ambiguity and/or estoppel " See Re Pal Iota , (supra) In those
circumstances the Board directed that detailed particulars
relating to the facts that will be established by the proposed
extrinsic evidence be filed The Board received submissions
based on those particulars before determining whether to hear
the extrinsic evidence
In the present case, the employer assured the Board that
the proposed extrinsic evidence will be relatively brief In
the circumstances, it lS the Board's determination that it
should hear the proposed extrinsic evidence and recelve
8
submissions as whether or not that evidence indicates a latent
ambiguity as would justify its use, and/or establishes an
estoppel This proceeding will continue In accordance with the
foregoing
Dated at Toronto this 19th day of January, 2004
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