HomeMy WebLinkAbout2003-0892.Adam.05-02-24 Decision
Crown Employees Commission de ~~
Grievance Settlement reglement des griefs
Board des employes de la
Couronne
~-,...
Suite 600 Bureau 600 Ontario
180 Dundas Sl. West 180 rue Dundas Ouest
Toronto Ontario M5G 1Z8 Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8
Tel. (416) 326-1388 Tel. (416) 326-1388
Fax (416) 326-1396 Telec. (416) 326-1396
GSB# 2003-0892,2003-1202,2003-1203
UNION# 2003-0135-0014 2003-0135-0033 2003-0135-0034
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontano PublIc ServIce Employees Umon
(Adam) Union
- and -
The Crown In RIght of Ontano
(Mimstry ofCommumty Safety and CorrectIOnal ServIces) Employer
BEFORE Bram Herhch Vice-Chair
FOR THE UNION Ed Holmes
Ryder Wnght, Blair & Doyle LLP
BarrIsters and SOlICItorS
FOR THE EMPLOYER LIsa Compagnone
Counsel
Management Board Secretanat
HEARING November 12, 2003 February 25 May 4
June 2, 3 10 & 11 July 7 October 5
November 5 and December 6 2004
2
DeCISIon
On March 27 2003 an IncIdent took place whIch, ultImately resulted In the dIscharge of
the gnevor Mark Adam, on June 10 2003 Three gnevances were filed on behalf of the gnevor
Efforts at medIatIOn of the resultIng gnevances were unsuccessful and the formal arbItratIOn
heanng In thIS matter commenced on November 12, 2003 and contInued for some 11 heanng
dates, the last of whIch was In December 2004 Over the course of those heanng days we heard
the eVIdence of SIX wItnesses (as well as that of a seventh whose eVIdence was stIpulated by the
partIes) and receIved and marked 36 documents as exhIbIts In addItIOn, on one of the earlIer
heanng days, we took a VIew of the Windsor JaIl and, In partIcular the sally port area where the
relevant events occurred. I note, as well, that although three gnevances were ImtIally filed on
behalf of the gnevor the umon IndIcated that It was proceedIng only wIth the dIscharge
gnevance The other two gnevances are, therefore effectIvely wIthdrawn.
The IncIdent whIch resulted In the dIscharge Involved the gnevor In CIrcumstances to be
more fully descnbed shortly slappIng a fellow CorrectIOns Officer ("CO"), Jill CassIbo In the
sally port of the Windsor JaIl Although I have called Ms CassIbo a "fellow CO" It should be
noted that at the tIme of the events In questIOn the gnevor whIle retaInIng hIS home posItIOn of
CO was an ActIng OperatIOnal Manager (and Indeed, but for a hIatus of 3 months assocIated
wIth the umon stnke In the spnng of 2002, had been In that actIng OM16 posItIOn for a penod
approachIng four years) As such, hIS dutIes would have Included supervIsory responsIbIlItIes In
relatIOn to Ms CassIbo and other COs
Murray Laird IS the Supenntendent of the ElgIn Middlesex DetentIOn Centre He had no
pnor dealIngs wIth the gnevor and, apart from the "allegatIOn meetIng" held on May 30 2003
had never prevIOusly met the gnevor After an InVestIgatIOn (in whIch Mr Laird played no part)
had been completed and a report (undated) had been prepared by the InVestIgatIng officer Andy
Farkas, an Inspector wIth the CorrectIOnal InvestIgatIOn & Secunty Umt, the matter was assIgned
to Mr Laird to reVIew and to determIne the employer's response After reVIeWIng vanous
matenals and meetIng wIth hIm at the allegatIOn meetIng referred to earlIer Mr Laird deCIded to
termInate the gnevor's employment. The grounds for the dIscharge were enumerated In the
termInatIOn letter dIrected to the gnevor as follows
3
. On March 27 2003 you IntentIOnally struck a female correctIOnal officer
who was under your dIrect supervIsIOn.
. You vIOlated Mimstry polIcIes IncludIng, staff conduct as dIrected by the
ADI, the WDHP polIcy and the Windsor JaIl StandIng Orders
. You vIOlated the Statement of EthIcal PnncIples
. You contravened Mimstry polIcy when, pnor to leavIng the InstItutIOn,
you faIled to submIt an Occurrence Report or otherwIse report the IncIdent
to the Supenntendent.
The employer asserts that there was Just cause for the dIsmIssal whIch was Imposed
solely on the basIs of the events of March 2003 The umon concedes that the gnevor's conduct
was worthy of dIscIplIne but asserts that dIscharge IS sImply too harsh a penalty In the
CIrcumstances of the case The employer In turn, submIts that In the event I am persuaded that
dIscharge was too severe a penalty then the gnevor stIll ought not to be reInstated but should be
awarded damages In lIeu. In the final alternatIve the employer urges that any reInstatement be
subJect to terms IncludIng assIgnment to a locatIOn other than the Windsor JaIl
There IS undoubtedly some Irony to be had In the fact that, despIte the amount of tIme,
the number of wItnesses and exhIbIts reqUIred to complete these proceedIngs, both counsel, In
theIr final argument, asserted that the essentIal facts of the case were not In dIspute By and large
that IS true The eVIdence we heard falls, broadly speakIng, Into four categones
1 EVIdence from the three eyewItnesses called to testIfy about the events
whIch culmInated In the gnevor slappIng Officer CassIbo
2 The denvatIve eVIdence I e not dIrect eVIdence about the altercatIOn Itself,
but rather eVIdence about what the partIcIpants Said or wrote or otherwIse
reported to others about the events In questIOn,
3 EVIdence of Dr W V McDermott, a clImcal psychologIst wIth partIcular
expenence and expertIse In treatIng and asseSSIng clIents Involved In law
enforcement; and.
4 EVIdence as to the manner In whIch the employer arnved at ItS decIsIOn to
termInate the gnevor's employment.
4
I wIll reVIew each of these areas In turn.
The events in the sally port
My findIngs In relatIOn to the relevant events whIch took place In the sally port of the
Windsor JaIl on March 27 2003 are based on the eVIdence of the three eyewItnesses who
testIfied In these proceedIngs the gnevor CO CassIbo and another CO Jamsse Denhartogh.
(Although the gnevor stands In a dIfferent posItIOn In these proceedIngs, I may contInue to refer
to these three, collectIvely as the "eyewItnesses" ) As both counsel submItted, there IS lIttle In
the way of dIspute as to the course of these events That IS not to suggest that there are not
numerous mInor dIscrepancIes or omISSIOns In the compared eVIdence of the three eyewItnesses
Indeed, the close and exactIng InterrogatIOn of wItnesses In thIS matter IS perhaps testament to
both the greatest vIrtues and most unfortunate shortcomIngs of the adJudIcatIve process, one
whIch can, at tImes, mIne the depths of wItnesses' accounts In an effort to expose truth and
establIsh credIbIlIty but can, In other cases, merely demonstrate the partIcIpants' ImpressIve
abIlItIes to construct seemIngly endless, If not always pertInent, mystenes all constructed on a
foundatIOn composed of the frailty of human memory In any event, consIstent WIth counsels'
final argument, few If any of the essentIal facts of thIS case are In dIspute
The sally port area serves as a buffer an added secunty layer between the Inmate area of
the Jail and ItS maIn outsIde entrance There are two doors wIthIn It the external door whIch
leads to the maIn entrance the other the Internal door whIch leads to the Inmate area. Both
doors open Inwards from theIr respectIve locatIOns Into the sally port. For ObVIOUS secunty
reasons, only one of these doors can be unlocked at any gIven tIme The doors each lock when
closed and can only be unlocked by the CO staffing the MaIn Entry Control (MEC) module That
module, whIch IS adJacent to the sally port, Includes a WIndow from whIch the CO assIgned to
the MEC module can VIew the InsIde of the sally port and control the unlockIng of eIther of the
two doors There IS also a buzzer InsIde the sally port by whIch COs WIshIng to eXIt or enter the
JaIl can sIgnal the MEC CO to unlock the reqUIred door OpposIte the MEC WIndow InsIde the
sally port IS a gnll through whIch one can VIew another area wIthIn the JaIl Thus, If one were
standIng InsIde the sally port facIng the external door the Internal door would be behInd, the
5
MEC WIndow to the nght and the gnll to the left. The InsIde of the sally port IS rectangular
approxImately SIX by eIght feet.
The sally port IS, of course, delIberately desIgned to create a bottleneck to further control
movement Into and out of the Jail Because of thIS structural bottleneck, COs wIll frequently be
reqUIred to Wait for bnef pen ods wIthIn (or even Just outsIde) the sally port untIl the traffic
assocIated wIth the OpposIte unlocked door has subsIded, that door has been locked and the door
for whIch they are WaitIng can then be unlocked. And whIle, Indeed, perhaps because, the day to
day Job reqUIrements of persons workIng WI thIn correctIonal InStI tUtI ons such as the Windsor JaIl
can hardly be expected to be replete wIth mIrth, It IS not dIfficult to ImagIne how exchanges and
delays around entenng and eXItIng the sally port mIght provIde some welcome moments of
levIty forced and artIficIal though they may be In one respect, the events In questIOn are a
pathologIcal example of such carryIngs on. The pnncIpal partIcIpants (though, to a lesser extent,
CO Denhartogh) all agreed that the mood whIch charactenzed the events In questIOn, almost to
theIr unfortunate cUlmInatIOn, was one of Jocular free-spmted horseplay
At approxImately 6 45AM on March 27 2003 the overnIght ShIft on whIch the gnevor
and COs CassIbo and Denhartogh had been workIng was endIng. The gnevor on hIS way out of
the Jail, made hIS way InsIde the sally port. The doors to the sally port remaIn unlocked untIl
they are fully closed. It IS possIble to close the doors Incompletely so that the latch remaInS aJar
Indeed, It appears that there IS a common practIce among COs to do so partIcularly In
cIrcumstances, lIke at the end of the ShIft, when they are aWaitIng the arnval of other departIng
COs Although there IS no dIrect eVIdence on the pOInt, I am satIsfied that IS what the gnevor
must have done upon hIS entry Into the sally port. For when COs CassIbo and Denhartogh
approached the sally port moments after the gnevor had entered It, the Internal door remaIned
unlocked, "off the latch" At about the tIme or Just before (her eVIdence IS InCOnsIstent on the
preCIse tImIng - a matter ultImately of lIttle relevance for our purposes) CO Denhartogh reached
to push the door open to facIlItate entry Into the sally port, the gnevor responded by shuttIng the
door lockIng out the two COs
WhIle the gnevor had no partIcular recollectIOn of thIS actIOn, neIther dId he deny It and I
am satIsfied, based on the eVIdence of the two COs, that thIS IS what happened. More
Importantly I am satIsfied that all Involved responded to thIS In the spmt In whIch It was
6
Intended I e as a prank, a relatIvely harmless Instance of horseplay whIch set the tone for at least
some of, the events whIch followed.
The CO on duty at the MEC module then opted to unlock the Inner door (rather than the
outer door to facIlItate the gnevor's eXIt) The two COs entered the sally port. However
whether In an effort to contInue the horseplay and/or to facIlItate the entry of other COs expected
to enter the sally port at the end of the ShIft, CO CassIbo faIled to fully close the Inner door
behInd her
There then followed some spmted banter between the gnevor and CO CassIbo about
cloSIng the Inner door so that the gnevor could depart. The nature of that exchange IS consIstent
WIth the eVIdence the two COs offered about theIr relatIOnshIp wIth the gnevor pnor to these
events It was clear that, pnor to the IncIdent currently under reVIew they each had a good
relatIOnshIp wIth the gnevor whom they respected. They both readIly acknowledged that hIS
ultImate physIcal response to CO CassIbo was entIrely uncharactenstIc of the gnevor
In any event, returmng to the events as they unfolded, It IS clear that CO CassIbo made
remarks to the gnevor whIch, In a dIfferent context, mIght have suggested a lack of appropnate
deference for hIS supervIsory posItIOn. I am not, and no one In these proceedIngs was, cntIcal of
CO CassIbo's conduct In that regard. I make the observatIOn only to reflect that there must have
been a sufficIent degree of comfort and famIlIanty In the relatIOnshIp between the two to permIt
that kInd of spmted exchange - one whIch they both descnbed as lIttle more than Innocent verbal
baitIng.
As CO CassIbo was resIstIng cloSIng the Inner door the gnevor took It upon hImself to
reach over her and closed It on hIS own.
At thIS pOInt the outer door was unlocked by the MEC CO and the gnevor proceeded to
open It. The gnevor was In front of the door (its handle to hIS nght on the nght hand sIde of the
door) CO CassIbo was behInd the gnevor and slIghtly to hIS left; CO Denhartogh was perched
agaInst the metal drawer adJ acent to the MEC WIndow facIng the gnll
7
The gnevor was holdIng a large lunchbox/cooler by Its strap handle In hIS left hand. He
reached for grasped and pulled the door handle wIth hIS nght hand and then, to contInue the
momentum of the opemng door moved hIS hand from the handle to the outsIde of the door the
thumb on the InsIde of the door and hIS hand and fingers cupped around the sIde and outsIde of
the door to contInue SWIngIng It open.
As he was dOIng thIS, CO CassIbo stepped forward and kicked the door wIth sufficIent
force that It slammed shut. The door IS a heavy metal structure several Inches thICk. There was
no dIspute that senous damage could result to a hand caught between the door and the door Jamb
(Indeed, there was undIsputed eVIdence before me that precIsely such an IncIdent resulted In a
fractured finger -- although, perhaps Iromcally thIS occurred some months after the events here
beIng revIewed.)
Fortunately the gnevor was able to pull hIS hand out from between the door and the door
Jamb before the door closed. Good fortune, however ceased to smIle at that pOInt.
The gnevor's response was to turn to face CO CassIbo and slap her roundly squarely and
forcefully wIth hIS open nght hand to the left sIde of her face
Much has been made of the tImIng of these events and they have been subJect to an
Intncate and exactIng scrutInY I am satIsfied that the length of tIme between the door havIng
been kicked shut and the slap to CO CassIbo's face was, though ImpossIble to quantIfy wIth
absolute preCISIon, mImmal Although the two events (the cloSIng of the door and the slap) were
ObvIOusly not sImultaneous and It IS possIble to Insert an Interval of tIme between them, I am
satIsfied that the gnevor's unfortunate, III advIsed and entIrely Inappropnate response was
vIrtually Instantaneous In comIng to thIS conclusIOn I have consIdered the eVIdence of all three
of the eyewItnesses the gnevor who IndIcated that he pulled hIS hand out of the door and
ImmedIately turned and slapped CO CassIbo CO Denhartogh's account (in the InVestIgatIOn
IntervIew statement) that "as soon as the door shut nothIng was said but Mark Just came up wIth
hIS nght hand and smacked. Jill's face" and CO CassIbo's descnptIOn (also In her IntervIew
statement) that "when the front door closed Mark ImmedIately turned around and smacked me
across the face wIth hIS nght hand"
8
I wIll return to the questIOn of the relatIve tImIng of these events later In my decIsIOn, as
It pertaInS not only to the questIOn of what actually transpIred but also to the questIOn of how
candId the gnevor was In hIS vanous descnptIOns of the events
It IS somewhat dIfficult, though fortunately not entIrely necessary for our present
purposes, to paInt a preCIse pIcture of what occurred In the few seconds after the slap and dunng
the bneftIme the gnevor and the two COs remaIned In the sally port. EssentIally It would
appear that the gnevor expressed hIS concern and dIsmay about what he vIewed as hIS narrow
escape from InJury CO CassIbo protested that thIS dId not constItute lIcense or JustIficatIOn for
the slap
In what mIght be descnbed as a cruel extensIOn of the bottleneck created by the sally port
doors and theIr functIOmng, there then followed some lImIted negotIatIOns about who was to go
where first. The gnevor sought to YIeld to permIt CO CassIbo to eXIt the sally port. She,
however had no desIre to cross the gnevor's path to do so prefernng Instead to retreat back
through the Inner door Into the Jail, all the whIle exhortIng the gnevor to leave UltImately It
was the outsIde sally port door whIch was opened first and the gnevor left. Pnor to hIS
departure, however he addressed a SUCCInct apology to CO CassIbo
None of the three eyewItnesses completed occurrence reports, as each of them conceded
they ought to have done, pnor to leavIng the Jail that mormng. The gnevor completed hIS
occurrence report later that day on hIS return to work at approxImately 10 PM, CO Denhartogh
completed her occurrence report some four hours later at approxImately 2 AM on March 28
2003 and CO CassIbo filed her occurrence report at approxImately 9 AM on that same day
NeIther of the two COs was dIscIplIned for theIr faIlure to submIt a tImely occurrence report. It
wIll be recalled that the gnevor's faIlure In that regard was one of the stated grounds for hIS
termInatIOn.
I pause to reflect on the gnevor's Intent In slappIng CO CassIbo The level of attentIOn
whIch was devoted to thIS Issue not only In questIOmng by counsel, but also In Mr Laird's
delIberatIOns and the manner In whIch Inspector Farkas conducted hIS InVestIgatIOn suggested
that the facts of thIS case mIght make useful fodder for a legal textbook or a learned treatIse on
Issues of IntentIOnalIty and perhaps even ItS cnmInallaw COUSIn, mens rea. I am satIsfied,
9
however that the Issue of Intent IS neIther so mystenous nor complIcated as to Impair arnvIng at
an understandIng of how the events unfolded. (The questIOn of hoYf, the grievor chose to describe
his actions IS a dIfferent one and wIll be dealt wIth separately)
Levels of IntentIOn can easIly be descnbed as pOInts along a contInuum some of whose
maIn markers (in IncreaSIng levels of IntentIOn) mIght be thought to be complete absence of
Intent/accIdent, recklessness, sImple Intent and premedItatIOn. The gnevor's level of Intent IS not
to be found at eIther extreme of the contInuum. His act was neIther premedItated nor accIdental
NeIther do I belIeve nor dId anyone suggest, that hIS actIOns were merely reckless (a
charactenzatIOn whIch mIght, however apply to CO CassIbo's kIckIng of the door)
Of the four IdentIfied "markers" the gnevor's Intent would clearly be found closest to the
sImple Intent marker However I am also satIsfied that on that contInuum the gnevor's level of
Intent would be found closer to the end of the tern tory of recklessness than to the begInmng of
that of premedItatIOn.
In understandIng the level of the gnevor's formed IntentIOn, I have found one of hIS
descnptIOns of the events to be partIcularly InstructIve He suggested that he dIdn't even know
what had happened untIl after It happened. And whIle I do not accept thIS descnptIOn (whether
or not It was "Intended" as such) as the lIteral truth, I do find value In ItS explIcatIve power
The speed wIth whIch these events unfolded was such that there was sImply InSUfficIent
tIme for the gnevor to have fully formed the IntentIOn and to have been fully self-conscIOus of ItS
formatIOn as the events unfolded.
It IS here, perhaps, that one of the conundrums of the gnevor's eVIdence ought to be
bnefly addressed. The gnevor generally dIsplayed an InabIlIty to recall hIS state of mInd or
IntentIOn In that moment between the external door havIng been shut and hIS slappIng CO
Cassibo I generally accept that InabIlIty to recall as genuIne It IS to be dIstIngUIshed, however
from the occaSIOns upon whIch the gnevor was asked to comment on hIS conduct, not by
recallIng what transpIred, but by analyzIng In a somewhat more detached and obJectIve fashIOn
what conclusIOns mIght be drawn about hIS Intent from the events whIch transpIred. Ignorance
or lack of recollectIOn In the former context should not be seen as InCOnsIstent WIth the abIlIty to
10
form more defimtIve conclusIOns In the latter Put more concretely I see no necessary
contradIctIOn between the gnevor denYIng a recollectIOn of a specIfic formed Intent to stnke CO
Cassibo on the one hand, and hIS ultImate acknowledgment, based on an after the fact
assessment of the events, that he must have Intended to stnke her SImIlarly neIther do I see any
necessary contradIctIOn between hIS InabIlIty to recall feelIng angry at the tIme WIth the
subsequent acknowledgment that he must have been angry
ReturnIng to an assessment of the gnevor's level of Intent In stnkIng CO CassIbo I am
satIsfied that gIven the pace wIth whIch events unfolded, they do not readIly permIt us to draw
relIable conclusIOns about the soundness of the gnevor's exhibIted Judgment. Rather than an
IndIcator of poor Judgment, I belIeve the gnevor's conduct was more IndIcatIve of poor Impulse
control, the matter not havIng evolved to the level of formIng and ImplementIng a Judgment pnor
to stnkIng CO CassIbo
None of thIS changes the events whIch transpIred or the gravIty of the Impropnety the
gnevor commItted. These Issues wIll, however be of some relevance In determInIng the
appropnate penalty for the gnevor' s InfractIOn.
The derivative evidence and the grievor's accounts
It was clear from Mr Laird's eVIdence and from the submIssIOns of the employer that a
sIgmficant factor In both the employer's determInatIOn to dIscharge the gnevor and ItS posItIOn
supportIng that decIsIOn In these proceedIngs was the gnevor's asserted lack of candour In
recountIng the events whIch transpIred. There IS some basIs for that concern, though, as wIll
become eVIdent, I am not persuaded that the gnevor's asserted lack of candour was eIther as
extensIve or as Important as the employer contends
The dIfficulty wIth the gnevor' s accounts of events can be seen most sIgmficantly and
dIrectly In the words he used In hIS very first account of events, hIS occurrence report, whIch
Included the folloWIng
11
Officer CassIbo kicked the door closed. As a reactIOn, I ImmedIately
pulled my hand back, narrowly mISSIng gettIng It caught In the door and qUIckly
turned towards officer CassIbo As I turned my arms swung forward and my nght
hand IncIdentally came Into contact wIth left sIde of officer CassIbo face I had
no malIcIOus Intent to stnke Officer CassIbo nor was thIS done out of anger I Just
reacted to what had happened. I would never IntentIOnally stnke anyone
Although thIS IncIdent was a result of our horseplay and the contact made was
umntentIOnal I deeply regret that It happened.
[emphasIs added]
The gnevor's account IS clearly Inaccurate Insofar as It suggests that the contact of the
gnevor's hand wIth CO Cassibo's face was eIther IncIdental or umntentIOnal It was neIther
As wIll be seen shortly subsequent to first acknowledgIng that the slap was neIther
IncIdental nor umntentIOnal, and In an effort to explaIn the earlIer descnptIOns, the gnevor
acknowledged that he had chosen hIS words poorly and that what he had meant to commumcate
was hIS lack of premedItatIOn, not hIS lack of Intent or hIS suggestIOn that the physIcal contact
was somehow accIdental I do not find that explanatIOn to be conVInCIng. Rather I am
persuaded that the gnevor's ongInal chOIce of words was a deliberate one (wIth lIkely a greater
degree of Intent than the slap Itself) desIgned to mImmIze the appearance of hIS culpabIlIty In the
event.
And that approach on the gnevor's part contInued Into (but not beyond) the ImtIal portIOn
of the InVestIgatIOn phase
The IncIdent occurred on March 27 2003 On Apnl 9 2003 Inspector Farkas, after
havIng done the same wIth COs CassIbo and Denhartogh about a week earlIer conducted an
IntervIew of the gnevor Although the prevIOUS IntervIews of the two COs lasted less than two
hours each, the IntervIew of the gnevor commenced Just pnor to 7 OOPM and dId not conclude
untIl after 1 OOAM the folloWIng mormng.
Part of the reason for the protracted nature of the IntervIew was related to what was
described as a computer glItch. Inspector Farkas was takIng detaIled notes of the IntervIew The
first portIOn proceeded untIl a break about a half an hour after ItS start. Inspector Farkas' notes of
that portIOn of the IntervIew were duly saved and recorded. The second portIOn of the IntervIew
12
resumed at about 8 15PM and all of the partIcIpants belIeved the IntervIew had been concluded
and completed about two and one half hours later Unfortunately It appears that Inspector Farkas
dIscovered at that pOInt that hIS notes of that portIOn of the IntervIew had not been saved and
efforts to retneve them ultImately proved fruItless Thus, the IntervIew resumed agaIn at
approxImately 11 45PM and contInued untIl ItS final conclusIOn sometIme after 1 OOAM. In thIS
the thIrd and last segment of the IntervIew Inspector Farkas attempted to redo and recreate the
questIOns posed and answers provIded dunng the second segment. Thus, Inspector Farkas'
record of the IntervIew consIsts of notes of the first and thIrd segments but none of the second.
In any event, It IS clear that there are some sIgmficant dIfferences In portIOns of the
gnevor's account provIded In the first and the final segments of the IntervIew
PortIOns of the gnevor's account In the first segment of the IntervIew clearly echo the
contents of hIS occurrence report (whIch the gnevor had revIewed pnor to the IntervIew)
Inspector Farkas' notes (whIch the gnevor sIgned and acknowledged as accurate In hIS
testImony) IndIcate the gnevor saYIng
Officer CassIbo then kicked the door shut. I ImmedIately pulled my hand
back and In one motIOn I turned to face her and my arm swung across and I made
IncIdental contact wIth the left sIde of her face I had no Intent whatsoever to
stnke her
Several hours later In the thIrd segment of the IntervIew the gnevor began to paInt
somethIng of a dIfferent pIcture
I reacted by ImtIally pullIng my hand away from the door out of harm's
way I then In a reflexIve actIOn I turned to face the source of the threat, that beIng
Cassibo and In dOIng so I struck her wIth my open nght hand I had no
premedItatIOn to stnke her
And when dIrectly asked by Inspector Farkas what he had meant by the use of the word
"IncIdental" In hIS occurrence report, the gnevor replIed
I used the wrong language when I was statIng that. What I meant to say
was that I had no premedItated thought to stnke her It was a result of my reactIng
13
to the threat of the door beIng kicked on my hand and me tryIng to face the source
of that threat.
[Inspector Farkas then asks] Are you suggestIng the contact your hand
made wIth CO Cassibo's face was accIdental In that It was a natural contInUatIOn
of the movement of pullIng your out of harm's way?
[The gnevor responds] No That was a mISInterpretatIOn of my language
I reacted to the threat, whIch was CassIbo who I stIll consIdered a threat and I
turned to face her her beIng the contInued threat and that IS when I struck her
Clearly It was not an accIdent. There was Intent to hIt her but no real
premedItatIOn In terms of havIng a lot of tIme to thInk about hIttIng her In
response It was a splIt second and there wasn't a lot of tIme for me to premedItate
to cause harm but there was some anger and the anger mamfested Itself by me
stnkIng her
Numerous theones mIght explaIn thIS evolutIOn In the gnevor's account of events
Among those offered (both explIcItly and ImplIcItly) by the partIes were the gnevor sImply (at
least ImtIally) prevancated In an effort to dImImsh the senousness of hIS conduct; the gnevor
sImply chose poor language whIch was later clanfied, the gnevor was persuaded, or perhaps
coerced, by the skIlful, or perhaps IntImIdatIng, IntervIew techmques ofInspector Farkas
It IS not necessary for me to resolve all of the relatIve and absolute applIcabIlIty of these
competIng (and not always necessanly mutually exclusIve) theones Suffice It to say that, In
large measure, I accept the theory most adverse to the gnevor I e that hIS words were
delIberately chosen In an effort to downplay the senousness of hIS mIsconduct. But I note first of
all that thIS aspect of the gnevor's account relates to hIS descnptIOn of hIS mental state There IS
no sIgmficant aspect of the events whIch the obJectIve observer would have seen as markedly
dIfferent dependIng on the verSIOn advanced. Thus, whatever obfuscatIOn may have been the
goal, the gnevor never mIsrepresented the actual events and, as the eVIdence also clearly
dIscloses, acknowledged from the very outset that there would be consequences for hIm as a
result of hIS conduct. He also tendered an apology at the earlIest opportumty and made a number
of efforts (both on the day of the IncIdent and over the folloWIng week) through the umon
presIdent, to tender a more formal apology and to pursue a possIble recOnCIliatIOn, efforts whIch
CO CassIbo rebuffed, as she was entItled to do
But most Important of all on thIS pOInt, I am satIsfied that whatever dIstortIOn coloured
the gnevor's pnor verSIOn of events (and I am also satIsfied that deceptIOn lIkely Included some
14
degree of self-deceptIOn), from no later than the end of the InVestIgatIOn IntervIew In the early
hours of Apnl 10 2003 the gnevor proffered a true and accurate portrayal of the events In
questIOn. WhIle It would clearly have been preferable for the gnevor's candour to have emerged
ummpeded at some earlIer pOInt In the two weeks between the IncIdent and the InVestIgatIOn
IntervIew the fact remaInS that the gnevor took an early opportumty to correct hIS less than
entIrely forthnght account of events and the employer was thus In posseSSIOn of the gnevor's
more accurate and truthful account for some two months pnor to ItS decIsIOn to termInate hIS
employment.
In arnvIng at thIS concluSIOn, I have not lost sIght of the fact that the employer asserted
that there was a perhaps more sIgmficant and endunng aspect to the gnevor's lack of candour
The employer pOInted not only to the language used by the gnevor as Just dIscussed but also to
what It asserts was a "pause" by the gnevor In the moment(s) between the door havIng been
kicked and the slap As I have already IndIcated, I have found that the length of tIme between
those two events was mImmal However because thIS submIssIOn occupIed a place of some
promInence In both Mr Laird's eVIdence about the basIs for hIS decIsIOn and the employer's
final submIssIOns In the case, I wIll consIder It a lIttle more fully
There IS nothIng In any of the three occurrence reports about any such "pause" It first
emerged In CO Denhartogh's IntervIew statement. In each of the IntervIews Inspector Farkas
permItted the subJect to provIde hIm a full oral narratIve report of the events pnor to pOSIng more
specIfic questIOns It was dunng the latter phase that the Issue of a "pause" surfaced. In the spots
where one mIght otherwIse have expected CO Denhartogh to report the pause she had prevIOusly
IndIcated
[in her occurrence report] Once the door shut, I seen ActIng OperatIOnal
Manager Adam turn to hIS left and stnke Officer CassIbo
[in the narratIve portIOn of her IntervIew statement] As soon as the door
shut nothIng was said but Mark Just came up wIth hIS nght hand and
smacked Jill's face
15
Later In the IntervIew however In response to a query from the Inspector as to whether
the gnevor's slap mIght have been accIdental, umntentIOnal or IncIdental, CO Denhartogh
offered the folloWIng
None of the above Absolutely not. The door had closed and there was a
short pause where he dropped hIS chIn down lIke he was mad and thInkIng then he
turned and struck her really hard.
SImIlarly In her eVIdence In chIef CO Denhartogh dId not ImtIally describe any pause,
but sImply reported the shuttIng of the door the gnevor turmng and the slap But when asked
how long an Interval there was between the closed door and the slap she IndIcated It "Just
happened momentanly" " he paused for one second" And when asked what she observed In the
pause, she descnbed her own thoughts and concluded "but my thoughts dIdn't have tIme to be
spoken cause he turned and hIt her so qUIck"
ThIS IS the eVIdentIary foundatIOn for the "pause" I should note, however that CO
Denhartogh's eVIdence about precIsely when the pause occurred was not conSIstent. The above
selectIOn from the IntervIew report suggests It happened prior to the gnevor turmng and slappIng
CO CassIbo But In cross-eXamInatIOn, when It was suggested to her that she could not have seen
the gnevor's face clearly whIle he was facIng the outer door CO Denhartogh reVIsed her account
to locate the "pause" as havIng occurred after the gnevor turned to face CassIbo but pnor to the
slap
There IS nothIng In any of CO CassIbo's eVIdence (i e her occurrence report, IntervIew
statement or oral eVIdence before me) to suggest any such pause SImIlarly but for a sIngle word
uttered vIrtually at the conclUSIOn of hIS protracted IntervIew there IS nothIng else In any of the
gnevor's eVIdence whIch IS conSIstent WIth any sIgmficant "pause"
Two observatIOns are In order FIrst, I have not and do not find It necessary to make any
negatIve credIbIlIty findIngs In relatIOn to the eVIdence of the three eyeWItnesses' accounts of the
events In questIOn. I accept that each of them made theIr best efforts to gIve theIr eVIdence In as
candId a fashIOn as possIble wIth a genuIne desIre to tell the truth, as they perceIved It. DespIte
that, I must note that It was the eVIdence of CO Denhartogh whIch most often came Into conflIct
WIth that of others, generally on pOInts of lIttle ultImate relevance (e g. whether the gnevor
16
opened the door wIth hIS left or nght hand, whether the gnevor was carryIng hIS
lunchbox/cooler whether the atmosphere InsIde the sally port was convIvIal nght up to the slap
whether It was the gnevor or CO CassIbo who last closed the Inner sally port door whether CO
Denhartogh spoke InsIde the sally port after the slap and before the gnevor' s departure, to lIst but
a few IncIdents) AgaIn, I do not suggest that there was any effort to mIslead the Board or to
otherwIse taIlor her eVIdence, rather I belIeve these dIscrepancIes are the product of lIttle more
than a umversal human frailty - Imperfect memory
I am also concerned that the process of InVestIgatIOn and adJudIcatIOn may have Imposed
unreasonable expectatIOns on the eyewItnesses The central event In questIOn was lIttle more than
a moment In tIme Yet the wItnesses have been subJected to extensIve InVestIgatIOns (WIth
IntervIews lastIng many hours), eXamInatIOns and cross-eXamInatIOns whose transcnpts mIght
fill volumes It IS lIttle wonder that they have produced dIscrepancIes In descnptIOn, even where
the essentIal facts are not In dIspute And a chIef techmque used by all to further theIr Inqumes
was to ask the wItness to freeze a moment In tIme, to put the vIdeo on "pause" and subJect the
Image to Intncate detaIled questIOmng before askIng what happened next. ThIS approach IS an
InVItatIOn for the conflatIOn of recollectIOns I am remInded of the hIgh school mathematIcs
teacher's paradox - InVItIng students to stand four feet away from and to walk, In each of a senes
of steps, halfway to the door wIth each succeSSIve step The motIOn can be repeated an Infimte
number of tImes wIthout ever reachIng the destInatIOn so close to hand. SImIlarly there IS room
for an Infimte number of Intervals or "pauses" wIthIn even a bnef moment of tIme
Unfortunately I am not persuaded that thIS IS necessanly the most effectIve or relIable way to
attempt to reconstruct those Infimte components to arnve at a clear pIcture of the deconstructed
events Much of the gnevor's response In cross-eXamInatIOn pOInts to thIS very dIfficulty
(perhaps once agaIn hIghlIghtIng the dIstInctIOn between actual recollectIOn and an after the fact
analYSIS of a past event) When asked about hIS acknowledgement of a "pause" In the
InVestIgatIOn IntervIew the gnevor conceded that when tryIng to break It down for the
InVestIgator when breakIng events down "frame by frame It comes across as a pause" but also
clearly asserted that hIS reactIOn was ImmedIate that he pulled hIS hand from the door and
ImmedIately slapped CO CassIbo
In summary the eVIdence of a "pause" ongInates In CO Denhartogh's IntervIew
statement, although she seems to have radIcally reVIsed the nature of ItS tImIng later In her
17
eVIdence There IS support for the eXIstence of a pause In a sIngle word uttered by the gnevor
close to the conclusIOn of hIS protracted InVestIgatIOn IntervIew That utterance IS completely
InCOnsIstent WIth all of the gnevor's other eVIdence Indeed, the lImIted and elusIve eVIdence of
any "pause" IS InCOnsIstent WIth all of the occurrence reports and all of the other eVIdence of all
of the eyewItnesses It IS for these reasons that I have concluded that there was no meamngful
pause In the events, no sIgmficant hesItatIOn by the gnevor between the tIme the door was kicked
shut and hIS slap of CO Cassibo WhIle no claim was advanced or could be supported before me
that It was wIthout Intent, the gnevor clearly acted or rather reacted In a reflexIve fashIOn wIthout
forethought.
Evidence of Dr McDermott
Dr W V McDermott IS a clImcal psychologIst who treated the gnevor dunng five one-
hour seSSIOns over a penod of three months subsequent to the gnevor's dIscharge from
employment. His credentIals are most ImpressIve Of partIcular relevance for these proceedIngs
IS the fact that hIS clIentele tends to be compnsed chIefly of law enforcement personnel and theIr
famIlIes He has consulted for numerous local, provIncIal and federal law enforcement agencIes,
IncludIng some pnor work done for the Windsor JaIl He IS thus possessed of an understandIng
of the roles and responsIbIlItIes of COs and IS famIlIar wIth the corporate culture of the
InstItutIOn.
Dr McDermott has been called upon many tImes to assess the sUItabIlIty of candIdates
for IntegratIOn Into and, more Importantly for our purposes, re-IntegratIOn Into or repatnatIOn to a
polIce or correctIOns envIronment. He testIfied that hIS 30 years of expenence and hIS hIgh
success rate (in terms of both posItIve and negatIve recommendatIOns) have enhanced hIS own
confidence In the relIabIlIty of hIS own predIctIOns
He offered an entIrely unambIguous and largely unchallenged VIew of the gnevor's
posItIve chances for successful repatnatIOn Into the correctIOns envIronment.
That assessment was based, In large measure, on an evaluatIOn of the gnevor's response
to hIS cIrcumstances Dr McDermott testIfied that the gnevor exhIbIted genuIne shame and
18
remorse In relatIOn to hIS havIng struck CO CassIbo Dr McDermott accepted those sentIments
as authentIc In part because the gnevor demonstrated no InClInatIOn towards demal or blamIng
of others for hIS mIsfortune, a tendency he has wItnessed frequently In other patIents He
predIcted an exceedIngly low probabIlIty of the gnevor beIng Involved In any future sImIlar
IncIdent. He found the gnevor to be trustworthy relIable and chastened by the IncIdent.
The basis for the employer's decision
Murray Laird testIfied as to hIS delIberatIOns and the factors he consIdered In determInIng
to termInate the gnevor' s employment.
It wIll be recalled that the dIscharge was effected on the basIs of the folloWIng stated
grounds
. On March 27 2003 you IntentIOnally struck a female correctIOnal officer
who was under your dIrect supervIsIOn.
. You vIOlated Mimstry polIcIes IncludIng, staff conduct as dIrected by the
ADI, the WDHP polIcy and the Windsor JaIl StandIng Orders
. You vIOlated the Statement of EthIcal PnncIples
. You contravened Mimstry polIcy when, pnor to leavIng the InstItutIOn,
you faIled to submIt an Occurrence Report or otherwIse report the IncIdent
to the Supenntendent.
FIrst, Mr Laird IndIcated that had the gnevor's only transgressIOn been hIS faIlure to file
a tImely occurrence report, he certaInly would not have been dIscharged on that basIs alone,
Indeed, he lIkely would not have been dIscIplIned at all (in that regard I note once agaIn that
neIther of the other two eyewItnesses was dIscIplIned for that partIcular InfractIOn)
In relatIOn to the three remaInIng grounds, Mr Laird IndIcated that It was clearly the first
that domInated hIS decIsIOn and that ground alone would have been sufficIent In hIS mInd to
JustIfy the dIscharge
19
In VIew of that, I do not find It necessary to pursue In any great detaIl the nature of the
second and thIrd artIculated grounds I accept the soundness ofMr Laird's assessment of the
first ground beIng the pnncIpal one, gIven that both the second and thIrd are, In large measure,
sImply restatements of the first. They represent perhaps dIfferent ways of charactenzIng the
gnevor' conduct as unacceptable But however many dIfferent ways It may be descnbed as such
frankly adds lIttle to the clear and undemable Impropnety of the gnevor's conduct. In that
regard, I also note that the contents of many of the polIcIes referred to are merely restatements of
the same pnncIples and concerns whIch would lead to the conclusIOn (even wIthout any formal
polIcIes addressIng the pOInt) that the gnevor's conduct was unacceptable
I wIll, however make one comment In relatIOn to the InVOcatIOn of the Workplace
DISCnmInatIOn and Harassment PreventIOn ("WDHP") PolIcy It IS not necessary for me to
decIde the formal breadth of that polIcy and, In partIcular whether It IS restncted to addressIng
conduct whIch IS contrary to the provIsIOns of the Human Rights Code It undoubtedly captures
such conduct and perhaps more But the eVIdence before me IS clear - and Indeed Mr Laird
candIdly conceded the pOInt - the gnevor' s conduct was not a functIOn of CO CassIbo's gender
ThIS was not a case of sexual harassment or dISCnmInatIOn whIch mIght, on that basIs, have been
caught by the WDHP polIcy or by the Human Rights Code or other legIslatIve provIsIOns of
general applIcatIOn.
ReturnIng then to Mr Laird's delIberatIOns, It IS clear that a sIgmficant factor In hIS mInd
was hIS assessment of the gnevor's credIbIlIty and, In partIcular hIS conclusIOn that the gnevor
was less than honest at the allegatIOn meetIng held on May 30 2003
I have already IndIcated why I find that conclusIOn to have been Incorrect. Mr Laird
based hIS conclusIOn on what he descnbed as dIffenng verSIOns wIth respect to
"pause/hesItatIOn" proffered by the gnevor - that there was no hesItatIOn mentIOned In the
occurrence report, that It was then acknowledged In the InVestIgatIOn IntervIew and finally
demed agaIn at the allegatIOn meetIng. I have already determIned that there was no such pause
Mr Laird's conclusIOns about the gnevor's lack of candour In thIS regard are based vIrtually
exclusIvely on the latter's one word utterance at the InVestIgatIOn IntervIew There IS, of course
no InCOnsIstency on thIS pOInt between the verSIOn offered In the occurrence report and the
20
allegatIOn meetIng. And to seIze on a sIngle word dIvorced from the context of the entIre
protracted InVestIgatIOn IntervIew IS sImply not an appropnate basIs to found the conclusIOn of
dIshonesty on the gnevor's part.
I have however clearly IndIcated that the gnevor's ImtIal verSIOns of events (in hIS
occurrence report and at the start of the InVestIgatIOn IntervIew) were less than entIrely accurate
or candId But, as I have also concluded earlIer by the end of the InVestIgatIOn IntervIew (some
two months pnor to the dIscharge and certaInly well In advance of the allegatIOn meetIng) the
gnevor had provIded a full and candId verSIOn of the events as they transpIred and hIS role In
them It IS for these reasons that I have concluded that the gnevor's lack of candour was neIther
as protracted nor as sIgmficant as the employer concluded.
There are other aspects ofMr Laird's conclusIOns whIch I find dIfficult to square wIth
the eVIdence before me
Mr Laird concluded that the gnevor faIled to demonstrate any remorse The eVIdence,
however suggests the contrary The gnevor apologIzed almost ImmedIately and subsequently
took advantage of every opportumty to express hIS remorse It IS unclear to me on what basIs
Mr Laird chose to dIscount or Ignore those expreSSIOns The gnevor also made efforts, through
the umon presIdent, to meet wIth and offer a more formal apology to CO CassIbo Based on
those events and on the gnevor's demeanour whIle repeatIng those sentIments In hIS eVIdence, I
am satIsfied that these expreSSIOns were genUIne I note as well that conclusIOn IS consIstent
WIth Dr McDermott's conclusIOns about the authentIcIty of the gnevor's expressed feelIngs of
shame and remorse
I am also at paInS to understand what accounts for the sceptIcIsm ofMr Laird (and
others) In relatIOn to the way In whIch the gnevor opened the external sally port door Although
Mr Laird later qualIfied the statement, he suggested he belIeved the gnevor's hand was on not in
the door at the relevant tIme and that a "normal person" would not put hIS hand "In the door" to
open It. I have already descnbed the mechamcs of how the gnevor opened the door - he dId It In
a fashIOn whIch stnkes me as perfectly natural - partIcularly for someone whose other hand was
occupIed, holdIng hIS lunchbox/cooler Nor as I have already concluded, IS It apparent to me (as
21
Mr Laird suggested) that the mechamcs of the movements necessItated a pause or any
sIgmficant hesItatIOn on the gnevor's part.
FInally on these mIscellaneous pOInts, I am also troubled to some extent by the factors
Mr Laird chose not to consIder He had never seen and took no opportumty to peruse the sally
port and, In partIcular the door In questIOn to assIst hIm In hIS assessment of the gnevor's
verSIOn of events SImIlarly I am also somewhat troubled that the employer took no steps to
seek the Input of any managenal representatIve to comment on the gnevor's employment hIStOry
and character And whIle thIS IS not a cntIcal pOInt (Mr Laird dId reVIew the gnevor's personnel
file), the employer would have undoubtedly been a better posItIOn to assess the appropnate
employment fate of the gnevor had It been possessed of the authontatIve first-hand type of
InfOrmatIOn one of many supervIsors would have had about the qualIty of the gnevor's
contnbutIOn to the enterpnse
There IS one further aspect ofMr Laird's assessment whIch must be noted and to whIch I
shall return later In determInIng the prospect of the gnevor's contInuIng employment, Mr Laird
IndIcated that he had concerns about the gnevor's abIlIty to satIsfy hIS employment oblIgatIOns
In partIcular he expressed the VIew that the gnevor's conduct was InCOnsIstent WIth the
employer's abIlIty to trust hIm to perform some of the basIc reqUIrements of the CO posItIOn to
be able to exerCIse sound qUIck Judgment, to use the mImmal reasonable amount of force
dIctated In dIfficult cIrcumstances, I e to exercIse good Judgment and to ensure that any use of
force was reasonable and not exceSSIve In the CIrcumstances He also suggested that to have
perceIved a fellow CO as a threat demonstrated that the gnevor's Judgment was askew As a
result, he questIOned whether or the gnevor would be able to command the trust reqUIred from
hIS co-workers
The grievor's employment history
As of the date of the IncIdent, the gnevor had been a CO for over twelve years His
accomplIshments dunng that penod of tIme are legIOn. Among them, he was a member and
team leader of the InstItutIOnal CnsIs InterventIOn Team (ICIT) a traIned escort officer a
certIfied AMS traIner a member of the Mimstry' s ceremomal umt, had completed a professIOnal
22
development program related to the handlIng of mentally III offenders and, shortly before the
IncIdent, was to commence traInIng to become a "use of force Instructor" His file dIscloses at
least SIX separate occasIOns upon whIch hIS performance was determIned to be worthy of the
wntten commendatIOns prepared by managenal representatIves, most often by the (then)
Supenntendent of the Windsor JaIl, Donna Cornwall As I have already detaIled, the gnevor's
performance was ObvIOusly sufficIently ImpreSSIve to permIt the employer to repose the reqUIsIte
trust In hIm to assIgn hIm the supervIsory posItIOn of ActIng OM 16 for a penod of some four
years
Even the sIngular negatIve notatIOn on hIS file speaks to posItIve qualItIes relevant to the
present proceedIngs In September 2000 the gnevor receIved a dIscIplInary letter of repnmand
In relatIOn to an error he had made In reVIeWIng an Inmate file Although dIscIplIne was
Imposed, the employer was satIsfied that thIS was an Isolated IncIdent and the Supenntendent felt
compelled to remark on the gnevor's "honesty and acceptance of responsIbIlIty admISSIOn of
error" qualItIes whIch, I belIeve, the gnevor has by and large demonstrated before me (I note,
of course, that the employer dId not seek to rely on thIS dISCIplIne to support the termInatIOn.)
The gnevor has never preVIOusly been Involved In or been the subJect of any InVestIgatIOn
pertaInIng to any alleged Improper use of force
Decision
The Issues before me are relatIvely straightforward I need not determIne whether the
gnevor's conduct was worthy of dIscIplIne he and the umon concede that pOInt. I must
determIne, however whether In all the cIrcumstances, the penalty Imposed was appropnate If
so the gnevance must be dIsmIssed. If not, I must then determIne what the appropnate penalty
ought to be and, In that context, I must also consIder the employer's submIsSIOns that the gnevor
be provIded WIth a remedIal alternatIve to reInstatement or as a final alternatIve, that If he IS to
be reInstated It be subJect to certaIn condItIOns
And Just as the Issues are relatIvely straightforward, there IS SImIlarly no controversy
between the partIes as to the legal context In whIch these Issues are to be resolved. EssentIally
23
whIle the partIes dIsagree as to the ultImate appropnate dISposItIOn of the matter neIther of them
questIOns my JunsdIctIOn or authonty to do any or all of the thIngs they have urged me to do
The partIes filed numerous authontIes In support of theIr respectIve posItIOns As there
are no pure legal Issues In dIspute and as the cases are all capable of beIng more or less readIly
dIstIngUIshed on the basIs of theIr partIcular facts, I have found the caselaw to be of great
assIstance In settIng the general parameters of my InqUIry but, otherwIse, of lIttle dIrect specIfic
applIcatIOn.
I wIll, however refer to one of the cases submItted SInce It IS frequently cIted as
provIdIng a (non-exhaustIve) taxonomy of the factors arbItrators should take Into consIderatIOn
when decIdIng whether or not to exerCIse the power to mItIgate a dIscIplInary penalty They are
lIsted In ArbItrator RevIlle's decIsIOn In Re United Steehwrkers of America, Local 3257 and the
Steel Equipment Co Ltd (1964), 14 L AC 356 at p 357 et seq
1 The prevIOus good record of the gnevor
2 The long servIce of the gnevor
3 Whether or not the offence was an Isolated IncIdent In the employment hIStOry
of the gnevor
4 ProvocatIOn
5 Whether the offence was commItted on the spur of the moment as a result of a
momentary aberratIOn, due to strong emotIOnal Impulses, or whether the
offence was premedItated
6 Whether the penalty Imposed has created a specIal economIC hardshIp for the
gnevor In lIght of hIS partIcular cIrcumstances
7 EVIdence that the company rules of conduct, eIther unwntten or posted, have
not been umformly enforced, thus constItutIng a form of dISCnmInatIOn
8 CIrcumstances negatIVIng Intent, e g. lIkelIhood that the gnevor
mIsunderstood the nature or Intent of an order gIven to hIm, and as a result
dIsobeyed It
9 The senousness of the offence In terms of company polIcy and company
oblIgatIOns
24
10 Any other CIrcumstances whIch the board should properly take Into
consIderatIOn, e g. (a) the faIlure of the gnevor to apologIze and settle the
matter after beIng gIven an opportumty to do so
It may be useful to bnefly reVIew the applIcatIOn of these consIderatIOns to the
case at hand. It IS clear however that the vast maJonty of them (although, In fairness and
perhaps not unlIke the multIple grounds for dIscharge, many of these consIderatIOns
duplIcate each other In the CIrcumstances of our case) mIlItate In the gnevor's favour and
only one clearly pOInts In the OpposIte dIrectIOn.
The only pnor dIscIplIne on the gnevor's record IS a mInor sanctIOn upon whIch
the employer places no relIance I have already detaIled how even In dIscIplImng the
gnevor the employer chose to praise hIm The gnevor has a sIgmficant amount of servIce
to hIS credIt. There IS no questIOn that thIS IncIdent IS an Isolated one In the gnevor's
employment hIStOry
The umon was exceedIngly careful not to descnbe CO CassIbo's conduct as
amountIng to provocatIOn. That cautIOn In relatIOn to another one of ItS members IS at
least understandable If not warranted. And there IS no doubt that CO CassIbo IS the chIef
vIctIm In the pIece At the same tIme, however her conduct, whIle In no way even
begInmng to approach the Impropnety of the gnevor's, was not entIrely neutral The
umon asserted that despIte a lack of formal provocatIOn, one could see CO CassIbo's
conduct as a "stImulus" to help to understand the nature of the gnevor's response
Frankly I am InclIned to be slIghtly less chantable In relatIOn to CO CassIbo's conduct.
The employer suggested that the gnevor' s conduct crossed the lIne from horseplay Into
more senous conduct. There can be no dISputIng that. But the employer also suggested
that CO CassIbo's conduct - her kIckIng of the door - was a mere extensIOn of the
horseplay whIch had preceded that actIOn. It was, but wIth potentIally much more senous
consequences CO CassIbo's forceful kIck of the door In CIrcumstances where InJury
could result was more than mere horseplay I do not mean to suggest that there was any
Intent to cause InJury on her part - there clearly was not - but her conduct was reckless In
the CIrcumstances and, I belIeve, was worthy of some mInor dIscIplIne In those
cIrcumstances, whether or not her conduct ought properly to be charactenzed as
25
provocatIOn, I see It as proVIdIng a context for the assessment of the gnevor's response
The sItuatIOn IS perhaps best summed up In the exchange between the two ImmedIately
after the slap reported generally as a vanatIOn on he said "You almost got my fingers
caught In the door" she said "That doesn't mean you can hIt me"
The gnevor's offence was not premedItated. Rather It was commItted on the spur
of the moment, a momentary aberratIOn related to a strong emotIOnal Impulse I accept
that he genuInely felt physIcally threatened (even though CO Cassibo had no
correspondIng delIberate Intent to InJure) and belIeved that he had narrowly escaped
InJury I also accept that there was some obJectIve baSIS (agaIn, even despIte CO
CassIbo's lack of Intent to InJure) for that feelIng and belIef
There was eVIdence, whIch I have not detailed here to suggest there was clearly
an economIC Impact as a result of the dIscharge Whether or not that amounts to "specIal
economIC hardshIp" thIS factor certaInly does not weIgh agaInst the gnevor
I have detaIled some of the eVIdence whIch suggests dIfferentIal treatment In two
respects The gnevor' s dIscharge was based, In small part, on hIS faIlure to prepare a
tImely occurrence report, an IdentIcal offence whIch went undIscIplIned In the other two
partIcIpants However In VIew ofMr Laird's eVIdence on thIS pOInt, I do not attach
much sIgmficance to thIS More Important, IS the employer's faIlure to Impose any
dIscIplIne at all on CO CassIbo for her part In the events I do not mean to suggest that the
level of appropnate dIscIplIne for CO Cassibo's conduct would have been remotely close
to the level of dIscIplIne the gnevor's conduct warranted, but the faIlure to Impose any
dIscIplIne at all suggests to me a type of Inappropnate dIfferentIal treatment.
I have had much to say already about the gnevor's Intent His conduct, though
ObVIOusly not premedItated, was clearly IntentIOnal His reactIOn, however was more In
the nature of a reflexIve reactIOn, a poor one Indeed.
The one factor whIch clearly mIlItates agaInst the exerCIse of dIscretIOn to modIfy
the penalty IS the senousness of the offence I wIll return to thIS pOInt.
26
I am satIsfied that the gnevor apologIzed promptly and made further repeated
efforts to formalIze that process
There IS but a sIngle factor whIch provIdes some pause to my delIberatIOns,
whether In respect of the exerCIse of my dIscretIOn to alter the penalty or In relatIOn to the
employer's alternatIve submIssIOn that, even If the Imposed penalty IS determIned to be
too severe, the gnevor ought not to be reInstated. That IS the senousness of the gnevor's
conduct.
For the employer that Issue translates Into ItS submIssIOns that the gnevor's
conduct eIther warrants dIscharge or alternatIvely should be seen as elImInatIng the real
possIbIlIty of reInstatement.
The employer's posItIOn IS premIsed on the umque nature of the correctIOns
envIronment and exactIng demands of the posItIOn of CO COs operate In a hostIle
envIronment and have to Insure order wIthIn the InstItutIOn. TheIr dutIes Include the
control and dIscIplIne of Inmates In order to protect other Inmates and fellow staff from
physIcal harm They can be called upon to control rebellIous and dIsturbed Inmates In
CIrcumstances where the use of reasonable and appropnate force may be reqUIred. The
employer must be able to trust that ItS employees wIll exerCIse appropnate Judgement -
sometImes to be formulated In a splIt second - to use a reasonable amount of force, and
no more, In the CIrcumstances SImIlarly fellow employees must trust that the
appropnate Judgement wIll be used In CIrcumstances where they may be In need of "back
up"
It IS not surpnSIng that the gnevor's conduct may have gIven nse to these types of
concerns I am satIsfied, however that these concerns are InSUfficIent to warrant
sustaInIng the gnevor's dIscharge or to otherwIse preclude hIS reInstatement to
employment. I come to that conclusIOn for a number of reasons First, In assessIng the
nature of the gnevor's conduct, It IS not entIrely apparent to me that It necessanly reflects
on hIS abIlIty to properly dIscharge hIS employment oblIgatIOns In that regard, I am not
persuaded that the employer's assertIOn that the gnevor's response to hIS co-worker
should necessanly be taken as an IndIcator of hIS lIkely or possIble future response to an
27
Inmate In that context, I note that the IncIdent In questIOn transpIred at the end of a ShIft
removed from the Inmate area of the InstItutIOn and whIle the gnevor was leavIng the JaIl
ThIS was not a more tYPIcal work CIrcumstance where the gnevor was or needed to be
prepared to at a moment's notIce, deal wIth an unruly Inmate In that respect, the
CIrcumstances may be generally more comparable to those cases referred to by the umon
outsIde the correctIOns context than to those cases cIted by the employer whIch related
dIrectly to the care and control of Inmates
More Importantly however whIle the gnevor' s conduct may legItImately have
gIven the employer some pause, there are sImply too many other IndIcators whIch serve
to reduce those concerns The gnevor's long hIStOry of stellar performance, the absence
of any remotely comparable type of IncIdent over a penod of a dozen years coupled wIth
my conclusIOn that hIS remorse and efforts to apologIze all suggest that any sImIlar
reoccurrence IS not lIkely I am also Impressed by the acknowledgement of both COs
CassIbo and Denhartogh that, at least pnor to the IncIdent, they each had sIgmficant
regard and respect for the gnevor and both acknowledged the uncharactenstIc qualIty of
the gnevor's conduct on that day Finally I am buttressed In my conclusIOn by the
assessment of Dr McDermott, a seasoned health care professIOnal wIth partIcularly
relevant expertIse, of the gnevor's posItIve chances for successful "repatnatIOn"
The gnevor commItted an extremely senous transgressIOn for whIch he must
suffer sIgmficant consequences I am not persuaded, however that thIS error warrants the
end of an otherwIse promISIng career The gnevor has demonstrated, over a sIgmficant
penod of tIme, a clear abIlIty to make a valuable contributIOn to the enterpnse He should
be afforded the opportumty to demonstrate hIS contInuIng abIlIty to do so
I am satIsfied, In the cIrcumstances, that a suspenSIOn of one month IS the
appropnate penalty for the gnevor's transgressIOn. ThIS modIfied penalty wIll be
condItIOnal upon the gnevor completIng hIS efforts to proffer a full apology to CO
CassIbo He IS to prepare a wntten apology acceptIng responsIbIlIty for hIS actIOns, to be
delIvered to her He may seek whatever assIstance he feels appropnate In draftIng the
apology Further but only If CO CassIbo consents, he IS to delIver thIS apology
personally In a meetIng whIch the employer and the umon wIll no doubt facIlItate
28
(perhaps even, should the partIcIpants consent, WIth the partIcIpatIOn of an acceptable
thIrd party) In order to begIn to repair that relatIOnshIp
I have not Ignored the concerns expressed by CO Cassibo regardIng workIng wIth
the gnevor In the future As of the date of provIdIng her testImony to the Board, CO
CassIbo had yet to return to her posItIOn at the Windsor JaIl, she was workIng, apparently
on a temporary basIs, In a dIfferent posItIOn and locatIOn wIthIn the Mimstry It may be,
however that she has now or wIll, at some near future pOInt, return to her posItIOn at the
Windsor JaIl In contemplatIOn of that possIbIlIty I dIrect that, subJect to CO CassIbo's
abIlIty to Waive or termInate thIS reqUIrement, the gnevor and CO Cassibo not be
scheduled to work together on the same ShIft for a penod of one year from the date of the
gnevor's reInstatement. To the extent that thIS reqUIrement generates any Inconvemence
or dIsadvantage, that Inconvemence or dIsadvantage IS to be borne by the gnevor It IS my
hope that both the gnevor and CO CassIbo wIll make every reasonable effort to rebUIld
theIr relatIOnshIp and to recapture the fnendly and productIve dealIngs they prevIOusly
had. But I make no dIrectIOn In relatIOn to CO CassIbo In that regard.
SubJect to the foregoIng and to the extent set out, the gnevance IS allowed. The
gnevor's dIscharge IS to be replaced wIth a one-month suspenSIOn. He IS to be reInstated
to hIS home posItIOn WIth compensatIOn (subJect to the suspenSIOn and to the usual
lImItatIOns regardIng mItIgatIOn) wIthout loss of semonty or benefits
I shall remaIn seIzed wIth respect to any Issues ansIng from the ImplementatIOn of
my award.
Dated at Toronto thIS 24th day of February 2005
"~.~J4 ~L~~~~l: .~ -.
Bram HerlIch
Vice-Chair